gelatinn.

Brit.

/ˈdʒɛlətɪn/, U.S.

/ˈdʒɛlətn/,

/ˈdʒɛlədən/

Forms: 1800s– gelatin, 1800s– gelatine Brit.

/ˈdʒɛlətiːn/, U.S.

/ˈdʒɛləˌtin/.

Etymology: < French gélatine, originally ‘an excellent white broth made of the fish Maigre’ (Cotgrave), < Italian gelatina , < gelata jelly n.¹ In medical Latin gelatina was adopted as a term for ‘any sort of clear gummy juice, as the Juice of Fruits, the Jelly of Quinces, etc.’ (Phillips, ed. Kersey 1706); in the 18th cent. the French gélatine was occasionally used in medical books in this sense, and with the rise of scientific chemistry came to be restricted to its present use. On the analogy of this and some other words, the suffix -ine (see -ine suffix⁵, -in suffix¹) was adopted by chemists for forming names of ‘extractive principles’.

a. The substance which is the basis of the jellies into which certain animal tissues (skin, tendons, ligaments, the matrix of bones, etc.) are converted when treated with hot water for some time. It is amorphous, brittle, without taste or smell, transparent, and of a faint yellow tint; and is composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur.It is used in the preparation of soups, jellies, etc., and latterly in many photographic processes; it is also pressed into thin sheets for making transparent cards.

ΚΠ

1800 Hatchett in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 366 That animal jelly..which is distinguished by the name of gelatin.

1819 J. G. Children Ess. Chem. Anal. 304 Gelatine is usually prepared from the skin of animals. Common glue is gelatine contaminated with impurities, to which it owes its colour. Isinglass is gelatine nearly in a state of purity.

1858 E. Lankester & W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §329 Animal tissues containing gelatin (the material commonly known as glue, which forms a large part of the skin of most animals).

1878 L. Wingfield Lovely Wang 192 Soup..thickened by gelatine.

b. = vegetable gelatin n. (a) at vegetable adj. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. I. xi. 373 This principle accompanies gelatin, even in the bark of beech, alder, and nut-trees.

1885 G. L. Goodale in A. Gray & G. L. Goodale Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) II. ii. xi. 363 The albumin-like matters. Ritthausen classifies these substances into (1) Albumin of plants; (2) Casein of plants; (3) Gelatin of plants.

c. In trade use: Short for gelatin card.

ΚΠ

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 266/1 The principal traffic has lately been in ‘gelatines’ (gelatine cards). Those in the greatest demand contain representations of the Crystal Palace, the outlines of the structure being given in gold delineation on the deep purple..of the.. shining gelatine.

2. The name given to an explosive compound (see quot. 1895). More fully, blasting or explosive gelatin.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives

powdera1393

gunpowder1411

saltpetre1501

petre1586

halinitre1608

sal-prunella1664

petre-salt1708

xyloidin1838

gun-cotton1846

pyroxyle1847

pyroxylin1847

pyroglycerin1850

xylidine1850

nitroglycerine1852

gun-sawdust1853

picrate1854

trinitroglycerin1864

nitroleum1866

trinitrin1866

dynamite1867

giant-powder1872

dualin1874

fulgurite1874

rendrock1874

glyoxilin1875

lithofracteur1875

trinitro-cellulose1875

white gunpowder1875

gelatin1878

cotton-powder1879

vigorite1879

blasting gelatine1881

Hercules powder1881

saxifragine1881

tonite1881

dynamogen1882

forcite1883

haloxylin1883

jelly powdera1884

nitro-gelatinea1884

panclastite1883

potentite1883

sebastinea1884

kolloxylin1884

hellhoffite1885

rackarock1885

securite1886

kinetite1887

roburite1887

carbo-dynamite1888

fortis1889

gelatine dynamite1889

gelignite1889

seranine1889

straw-dynamite1889

carbonite1890

amberite1891

nitro powder1892

Schnebelite1893

westfalite1894

thorite1899

soup1902

ammonal1903

cheddite1908

trinitrotoluene1908

Samsonite1909

tolite1909

trinitrotoluol1910

trotyl1910

glyceryl trinitrate1912

T.N.T.1915

nitro1916

amatol1918

cyclonite1923

hexogen1923

lox1923

pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923

hexite1931

aurantia1940

jelly1941

RDX1941

1878 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) IV. 1015 Blasting Gelatine, this name has been given by Mr. Nobel..to a new explosive compound.

1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 May 10/2 A..blast of 100,000 tons of rock took place at Llanberis Quarry..on Saturday, two tons of gelatine, equal to nineteen tons of powder, being employed.

1895 J. M. Thomson & A. G. Bloxam Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 8) 626 Blasting Gelatine is made by dissolving collodion-cotton in about nine times its weight of nitroglycerine.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. (In sense 1.)

gelatin capsule n.

ΚΠ

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Gelatine-capsule Maker, a manufacturer of small hollow soluble capsules, enclosing a few drops of nauseous medicines.

gelatin film n.

ΚΠ

1878 Design & Work 26 Jan. 121/2 The gelatin film is then moistened with cold water.

1889 Judge (U.S.) 22 June 180/2 The gelatine film..is one two-thousandths of an inch in thickness.

gelatin lozenge n.

ΚΠ

1895 Daily News 22 Nov. 5/4 A fashionable trimming for ladies' black capes is now a gelatine lozenge.

gelatin-maker n.

ΚΠ

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Gelatin-maker, one who boils and prepares glue and gelatin from animal tissues.

gelatin pellicle n.

ΚΠ

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 152 Bromine is set free and metallic silver is deposited in minute particles in the gelatine pellicle.

gelatin preservative n.

ΚΠ

1860 Photogr. News 13 Jan. 228 The capabilities of the gelatine preservative process.

gelatin size adj.

ΚΠ

1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting iii. 179 To the second series, the albumins, belong..the gelatine-size glues.

gelatin-coated adj.

ΚΠ

1895 Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 716 The lines are ruled..on a gelatin-coated plate.

c. (In sense 2.)

gelatin-shell n.

ΚΠ

1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 3 Feb. 5/1 The gelatine shell need not hit to be an effectual destroyer.

C2.

gelatin dry plate n. (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > plates and films > [noun] > plate > types of

screen plate1843

whole plate1850

quarter-plate1854

wet plate1859

stripping-film1885

gelatin dry plate1890

panchromatic1906

1890 W. E. Woodbury Encycl. Photogr. Gelatine dry plates, plates usually of glass coated with a film of gelatine, containing sensitive silver bromide.

gelatine dynamite n. (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives

powdera1393

gunpowder1411

saltpetre1501

petre1586

halinitre1608

sal-prunella1664

petre-salt1708

xyloidin1838

gun-cotton1846

pyroxyle1847

pyroxylin1847

pyroglycerin1850

xylidine1850

nitroglycerine1852

gun-sawdust1853

picrate1854

trinitroglycerin1864

nitroleum1866

trinitrin1866

dynamite1867

giant-powder1872

dualin1874

fulgurite1874

rendrock1874

glyoxilin1875

lithofracteur1875

trinitro-cellulose1875

white gunpowder1875

gelatin1878

cotton-powder1879

vigorite1879

blasting gelatine1881

Hercules powder1881

saxifragine1881

tonite1881

dynamogen1882

forcite1883

haloxylin1883

jelly powdera1884

nitro-gelatinea1884

panclastite1883

potentite1883

sebastinea1884

kolloxylin1884

hellhoffite1885

rackarock1885

securite1886

kinetite1887

roburite1887

carbo-dynamite1888

fortis1889

gelatine dynamite1889

gelignite1889

seranine1889

straw-dynamite1889

carbonite1890

amberite1891

nitro powder1892

Schnebelite1893

westfalite1894

thorite1899

soup1902

ammonal1903

cheddite1908

trinitrotoluene1908

Samsonite1909

tolite1909

trinitrotoluol1910

trotyl1910

glyceryl trinitrate1912

T.N.T.1915

nitro1916

amatol1918

cyclonite1923

hexogen1923

lox1923

pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923

hexite1931

aurantia1940

jelly1941

RDX1941

1889 J. Cundill Dict. Explosives 52 Gelatine dynamite..occupies a place mid-way between blasting gelatine and dynamite. It consists of a thin blasting gelatine mixed with other substances.

gelatin emulsion n. ‘an emulsion of gelatine containing a sensitive silver compound’ (Woodbury Encycl. Photogr. 1890); also attributive.

ΚΠ

1885 G. Marlow in Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 18 Dec. 804/1 The present makes of gelatine emulsions.

1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 133 Negative enlargements on gelatine-emulsion paper.

gelatin paper n. Photography paper coated with sensitized gelatin.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographic processes > processing and printing equipment > [noun] > paper

printing paper1593

photographic paper1840

gelatin paper1851

surface paper1851

print paper1858

Saxe paper1864

tissue1873

carbon paper1878

bromide paper1885

print-out paper1893

mezzotype1894

printing out paper1895

silver paper1898

gaslight paper1899

multigrade1940

contact sheet1959

1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. V. 1463 Transparent sheets of gelatine paper.

1885 J. Barker in Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 6 Mar. 150/2 The published formulæ for gelatine paper.

gelatine picture n. a photograph produced by the action of light on bichromated gelatin.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by process

tithonograph1842

platinotype1844

daguerreotype1849

crystallotype1852

catalysotype1853

black print1855

sun print1855

blueprint1857

ferrotype1857

tin-type1864

pyro-photograph1869

opalotype1873

gelatine picture1875

hellenotype1875

panotype1875

silver print1878

autophotograph1880

platinum print1881

bromide print1885

solar1889

solar print1889

shadowgraph1896

skiagraph1896

rotograph1899

autochrome1902

rayogram1932

reduction print1933

photogram1934

blow-up1945

Polaroid1953

opaque1959

bromide1967

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 962/1 The gelatine picture from which the metallic mold was struck.

gelatin process n. any photographic process in which gelatin is employed.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Gelatine-process.

gelatine sugar n. = glycocoll n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > substances in bile

picromel1813

glycocoll1840

gelatine sugar1843

taurine1845

glycocin1852

norcholanic acid1927

1843 J. Pereira Treat. Food & Diet 215 Gelatine sugar or glycicoll.

Derivatives

ˈgelatined adj. coated with gelatin.

ΚΠ

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) III. 326 The gelatined side of the paper..having a dark colour.

1894 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 41 69 A sheet of gelatined paper.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	gelatin
释义	gelatinn. Brit. /ˈdʒɛlətɪn/, U.S. /ˈdʒɛlətn/, /ˈdʒɛlədən/ Forms: 1800s– gelatin, 1800s– gelatine Brit. /ˈdʒɛlətiːn/, U.S. /ˈdʒɛləˌtin/. Etymology: < French gélatine, originally ‘an excellent white broth made of the fish Maigre’ (Cotgrave), < Italian gelatina , < gelata jelly n.¹ In medical Latin gelatina was adopted as a term for ‘any sort of clear gummy juice, as the Juice of Fruits, the Jelly of Quinces, etc.’ (Phillips, ed. Kersey 1706); in the 18th cent. the French gélatine was occasionally used in medical books in this sense, and with the rise of scientific chemistry came to be restricted to its present use. On the analogy of this and some other words, the suffix -ine (see -ine suffix⁵, -in suffix¹) was adopted by chemists for forming names of ‘extractive principles’. 1. a. The substance which is the basis of the jellies into which certain animal tissues (skin, tendons, ligaments, the matrix of bones, etc.) are converted when treated with hot water for some time. It is amorphous, brittle, without taste or smell, transparent, and of a faint yellow tint; and is composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur.It is used in the preparation of soups, jellies, etc., and latterly in many photographic processes; it is also pressed into thin sheets for making transparent cards. ΚΠ 1800 Hatchett in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 366 That animal jelly..which is distinguished by the name of gelatin. 1819 J. G. Children Ess. Chem. Anal. 304 Gelatine is usually prepared from the skin of animals. Common glue is gelatine contaminated with impurities, to which it owes its colour. Isinglass is gelatine nearly in a state of purity. 1858 E. Lankester & W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §329 Animal tissues containing gelatin (the material commonly known as glue, which forms a large part of the skin of most animals). 1878 L. Wingfield Lovely Wang 192 Soup..thickened by gelatine. b. = vegetable gelatin n. (a) at vegetable adj. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. I. xi. 373 This principle accompanies gelatin, even in the bark of beech, alder, and nut-trees. 1885 G. L. Goodale in A. Gray & G. L. Goodale Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) II. ii. xi. 363 The albumin-like matters. Ritthausen classifies these substances into (1) Albumin of plants; (2) Casein of plants; (3) Gelatin of plants. c. In trade use: Short for gelatin card. ΚΠ 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 266/1 The principal traffic has lately been in ‘gelatines’ (gelatine cards). Those in the greatest demand contain representations of the Crystal Palace, the outlines of the structure being given in gold delineation on the deep purple..of the.. shining gelatine. 2. The name given to an explosive compound (see quot. 1895). More fully, blasting or explosive gelatin. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives powdera1393 gunpowder1411 saltpetre1501 petre1586 halinitre1608 sal-prunella1664 petre-salt1708 xyloidin1838 gun-cotton1846 pyroxyle1847 pyroxylin1847 pyroglycerin1850 xylidine1850 nitroglycerine1852 gun-sawdust1853 picrate1854 trinitroglycerin1864 nitroleum1866 trinitrin1866 dynamite1867 giant-powder1872 dualin1874 fulgurite1874 rendrock1874 glyoxilin1875 lithofracteur1875 trinitro-cellulose1875 white gunpowder1875 gelatin1878 cotton-powder1879 vigorite1879 blasting gelatine1881 Hercules powder1881 saxifragine1881 tonite1881 dynamogen1882 forcite1883 haloxylin1883 jelly powdera1884 nitro-gelatinea1884 panclastite1883 potentite1883 sebastinea1884 kolloxylin1884 hellhoffite1885 rackarock1885 securite1886 kinetite1887 roburite1887 carbo-dynamite1888 fortis1889 gelatine dynamite1889 gelignite1889 seranine1889 straw-dynamite1889 carbonite1890 amberite1891 nitro powder1892 Schnebelite1893 westfalite1894 thorite1899 soup1902 ammonal1903 cheddite1908 trinitrotoluene1908 Samsonite1909 tolite1909 trinitrotoluol1910 trotyl1910 glyceryl trinitrate1912 T.N.T.1915 nitro1916 amatol1918 cyclonite1923 hexogen1923 lox1923 pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923 hexite1931 aurantia1940 jelly1941 RDX1941 1878 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) IV. 1015 Blasting Gelatine, this name has been given by Mr. Nobel..to a new explosive compound. 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 May 10/2 A..blast of 100,000 tons of rock took place at Llanberis Quarry..on Saturday, two tons of gelatine, equal to nineteen tons of powder, being employed. 1895 J. M. Thomson & A. G. Bloxam Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 8) 626 Blasting Gelatine is made by dissolving collodion-cotton in about nine times its weight of nitroglycerine. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 1.) gelatin capsule n. ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Gelatine-capsule Maker, a manufacturer of small hollow soluble capsules, enclosing a few drops of nauseous medicines. gelatin film n. ΚΠ 1878 Design & Work 26 Jan. 121/2 The gelatin film is then moistened with cold water. 1889 Judge (U.S.) 22 June 180/2 The gelatine film..is one two-thousandths of an inch in thickness. gelatin lozenge n. ΚΠ 1895 Daily News 22 Nov. 5/4 A fashionable trimming for ladies' black capes is now a gelatine lozenge. gelatin-maker n. ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Gelatin-maker, one who boils and prepares glue and gelatin from animal tissues. gelatin pellicle n. ΚΠ 1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 152 Bromine is set free and metallic silver is deposited in minute particles in the gelatine pellicle. gelatin preservative n. ΚΠ 1860 Photogr. News 13 Jan. 228 The capabilities of the gelatine preservative process. gelatin size adj. ΚΠ 1934 H. Hiler Notes Technique Painting iii. 179 To the second series, the albumins, belong..the gelatine-size glues. b. gelatin-coated adj. ΚΠ 1895 Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 716 The lines are ruled..on a gelatin-coated plate. c. (In sense 2.) gelatin-shell n. ΚΠ 1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 3 Feb. 5/1 The gelatine shell need not hit to be an effectual destroyer. C2. gelatin dry plate n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > plates and films > [noun] > plate > types of screen plate1843 whole plate1850 quarter-plate1854 wet plate1859 stripping-film1885 gelatin dry plate1890 panchromatic1906 1890 W. E. Woodbury Encycl. Photogr. Gelatine dry plates, plates usually of glass coated with a film of gelatine, containing sensitive silver bromide. gelatine dynamite n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives powdera1393 gunpowder1411 saltpetre1501 petre1586 halinitre1608 sal-prunella1664 petre-salt1708 xyloidin1838 gun-cotton1846 pyroxyle1847 pyroxylin1847 pyroglycerin1850 xylidine1850 nitroglycerine1852 gun-sawdust1853 picrate1854 trinitroglycerin1864 nitroleum1866 trinitrin1866 dynamite1867 giant-powder1872 dualin1874 fulgurite1874 rendrock1874 glyoxilin1875 lithofracteur1875 trinitro-cellulose1875 white gunpowder1875 gelatin1878 cotton-powder1879 vigorite1879 blasting gelatine1881 Hercules powder1881 saxifragine1881 tonite1881 dynamogen1882 forcite1883 haloxylin1883 jelly powdera1884 nitro-gelatinea1884 panclastite1883 potentite1883 sebastinea1884 kolloxylin1884 hellhoffite1885 rackarock1885 securite1886 kinetite1887 roburite1887 carbo-dynamite1888 fortis1889 gelatine dynamite1889 gelignite1889 seranine1889 straw-dynamite1889 carbonite1890 amberite1891 nitro powder1892 Schnebelite1893 westfalite1894 thorite1899 soup1902 ammonal1903 cheddite1908 trinitrotoluene1908 Samsonite1909 tolite1909 trinitrotoluol1910 trotyl1910 glyceryl trinitrate1912 T.N.T.1915 nitro1916 amatol1918 cyclonite1923 hexogen1923 lox1923 pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923 hexite1931 aurantia1940 jelly1941 RDX1941 1889 J. Cundill Dict. Explosives 52 Gelatine dynamite..occupies a place mid-way between blasting gelatine and dynamite. It consists of a thin blasting gelatine mixed with other substances. gelatin emulsion n. ‘an emulsion of gelatine containing a sensitive silver compound’ (Woodbury Encycl. Photogr. 1890); also attributive. ΚΠ 1885 G. Marlow in Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 18 Dec. 804/1 The present makes of gelatine emulsions. 1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 133 Negative enlargements on gelatine-emulsion paper. gelatin paper n. Photography paper coated with sensitized gelatin. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographic processes > processing and printing equipment > [noun] > paper printing paper1593 photographic paper1840 gelatin paper1851 surface paper1851 print paper1858 Saxe paper1864 tissue1873 carbon paper1878 bromide paper1885 print-out paper1893 mezzotype1894 printing out paper1895 silver paper1898 gaslight paper1899 multigrade1940 contact sheet1959 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. V. 1463 Transparent sheets of gelatine paper. 1885 J. Barker in Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 6 Mar. 150/2 The published formulæ for gelatine paper. gelatine picture n. a photograph produced by the action of light on bichromated gelatin. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > photograph by process tithonograph1842 platinotype1844 daguerreotype1849 crystallotype1852 catalysotype1853 black print1855 sun print1855 blueprint1857 ferrotype1857 tin-type1864 pyro-photograph1869 opalotype1873 gelatine picture1875 hellenotype1875 panotype1875 silver print1878 autophotograph1880 platinum print1881 bromide print1885 solar1889 solar print1889 shadowgraph1896 skiagraph1896 rotograph1899 autochrome1902 rayogram1932 reduction print1933 photogram1934 blow-up1945 Polaroid1953 opaque1959 bromide1967 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 962/1 The gelatine picture from which the metallic mold was struck. gelatin process n. any photographic process in which gelatin is employed. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Gelatine-process. gelatine sugar n. = glycocoll n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > substances in bile picromel1813 glycocoll1840 gelatine sugar1843 taurine1845 glycocin1852 norcholanic acid1927 1843 J. Pereira Treat. Food & Diet 215 Gelatine sugar or glycicoll. Derivatives ˈgelatined adj. coated with gelatin. ΚΠ 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) III. 326 The gelatined side of the paper..having a dark colour. 1894 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 41 69 A sheet of gelatined paper. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1800
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