单词 | gaud |
释义 | gaudn.1 Obsolete exc. Historical. One of the larger and more ornamental beads placed between the decades of ‘aves’ in a rosary. (Called in French signaux or seigneaux.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > rosary > [noun] > bead of > indicating paternoster is to be said paternosterc1275 gaud1390 gaudy1434 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 372 A paire of bedes blacke as sable..Upon the gaudes all without Was write of gold pur reposer. 1531 in F. W. Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 134 A pere of beydes of jette with sylver gaudes. 1570 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 164 She saith that she occupied her gaudes as many thowsand dyd. 1874 Archæol. Assoc. Jrnl. Dec. 440 In all probability this large and once beautiful bead formed the Gaude or ‘Pater noster’ of a rosary of the sixteenth century. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2018). gaudn.2 a. A trick, prank; often, a device to deceive, a piece of trickery, a pretence; also a game, sport, or pastime. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > [noun] > a trick, deception wrenchc888 swikec893 braida1000 craftOE wile1154 crookc1175 trokingc1175 guile?c1225 hocket1276 blink1303 errorc1320 guileryc1330 sleightc1340 knackc1369 deceitc1380 japec1380 gaudc1386 syllogism1387 mazec1390 mowa1393 train?a1400 trantc1400 abusionc1405 creekc1405 trickc1412 trayc1430 lirtc1440 quaint?a1450 touch1481 pawka1522 false point?1528 practice1533 crink1534 flim-flamc1538 bobc1540 fetcha1547 abuse1551 block1553 wrinklec1555 far-fetch?a1562 blirre1570 slampant1577 ruse1581 forgery1582 crank1588 plait1589 crossbite1591 cozenage1592 lock1598 quiblin1605 foist1607 junt1608 firk1611 overreach?1615 fob1622 ludification1623 knick-knacka1625 flam1632 dodge1638 gimcrack1639 fourbe1654 juggle1664 strategy1672 jilt1683 disingenuity1691 fun1699 jugglementa1708 spring1753 shavie1767 rig?1775 deception1794 Yorkshire bite1795 fakement1811 fake1829 practical1833 deceptivity1843 tread-behind1844 fly1861 schlenter1864 Sinonism1864 racket1869 have1885 ficelle1890 wheeze1903 fast one1912 roughie1914 spun-yarn trick1916 fastie1931 phoney baloney1933 fake-out1955 okey-doke1964 mind-fuck1971 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋577 Þay maken folk to laughe..as folk doon at the gawdes of An Ape. a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 3957 For thi gaudes [printed gandes] and thy gilry I gif this dome that thou sal dy. a1400–50 Alexander 2732 Sire vanite & vayne-glori & vices of pride Þa ere þe gaudis, as I gesse þat all gods hatis. a1400–50 Alexander 2966 Sone þis gouernour of grece is of þis gaude ware. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. x. 173 Bot þis King Edward all wyth gawdys Knakkyd Robert þe Brws wyth frawdis. c1440 York Myst. xi. 37 What gawdes haue they begonne? 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. ii. 27 Quhat God amovit him with sic a gawd In his dedis to oys sik slychtis and frawd. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xxii. 9279 Þat he..with no gawdes me begile. 1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) xxxiv. 85 Quhen thay begyn sic gawdis To leif thay ar most laith. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. D.jv These Enterluds, these newe Italian sportes, And euery gawde, that glads the minde of man. 1603 S. Harsnett Declar. Popish Impostures 32 There was never Christmas Game performed with moe apish indecent slovenly Gawdes then your Baptising and Super-baptising Ceremonies are. a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) ii. xxvi. 22 Staying too long at your gawdes, following them such a space of time together, or with such great violence, that you be even tired and spent by them. 1882 J. H. Nodal & G. Milner Gloss. Lancs. Dial.: Pt. II (at cited word) Goad, a custom, a way of doing a thing.] 1896 W. W. Skeat & T. Hallam Pegge's Two Coll. Derbicisms 26 Gawd; an ugly gawd, a habit or custom. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > jeering, taunting, or scoffing > [noun] > instance of hoker-wordOE gabc1225 scornc1275 jape1377 bourda1387 gaudc1440 knack1513 scoffing1530 gleekc1540 jest1548 to have a fling at?1550 snack?1554 boba1566 taunta1566 gird1566 flim-flam-flirt1573 gibe1573 scoff1573 flouting-stock1593 mycterism1593 flirt1613 fleera1616 scomma1620 jeer1631 snouchc1780 brocard1837 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > fact or condition of being mocked or ridiculed > [noun] > object of ridicule hethinga1340 japing-stickc1380 laughing stock?1518 mocking-stock1526 laughing game1530 jesting-stock1535 mockage1535 derision1539 sporting stocka1556 game1562 May game1569 scoffing-stock1571 playing stock1579 make-play1592 flouting-stock1593 sport1598 bauchle1600 jest1606 butt1607 make-sport1611 mocking1611 mirtha1616 laughing stakea1630 scoff1640 gaud1650 blota1657 make-mirth1656 ridicule1678 flout1708 sturgeon1708 laugh1710 ludibry1722 jestee1760 make-game1762 joke1791 laughee1808 laughing post1810 target1842 jest-word1843 Aunt Sally1859 monument1866 punchline1978 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 188/2 Gawde or iape, nuga. ?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature i. sig. Aiiij Withuot [sic] vayne gaudes or fables. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2302/1 The sayd Iohn Apowell mocked him..with contrary gaudes and floutyng wordes. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxi. 9) 165 [Ishmael mocked] At that mystical name Isaac, as a gaud, or laughing-stock. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > [noun] festivityc1410 rejoicingc1475 festivala1500 gaudy1535 show of misrule1555 gaudc1571 wake1577 festal1581 jubilee1589 gaudy-nighta1616 gala night1762 bridewain1789 gala1800 bean-feast1805 holinighta1821 let-off1827 glorification1843 pesta1964 the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rejoicing or exultation > [noun] > instance of laetificationc1485 gaudy1535 gratulation1549 gaudc1571 c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) ii. vi. 99 Therefore at the decease of the Lorde Justice..bonfiers and gaudyes were solemnized in all the lande. 2. concrete. A plaything, toy. Also (now always), something gaudy; a showy ornament, a piece of finery; a gewgaw. Now rhetorical. [Perhaps influenced by gaud n.1] ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > [noun] beaubeletc1205 juelet1340 trifle1375 geara1400 gaudc1430 jape1436 playing thing1440 baublea1475 playock1508 gewgawa1529 toy?1565 gay1577 gambol1579 ruggle1598 frolic1650 playthinga1674 wally1692 sporting-piece1740 playferea1774 play material1897 play-pretty1905 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > cheap or gaudy > gewgaw or trinket baublec1330 gaudc1430 gayc1475 strincate1489 trim-tram1523 gewgawa1529 trinketa1533 toy1548 gaudy1555 baublery1583 trinkilo1631 jingle-jangle1640 prettiness1649 trinkum1665 knacka1677 knick-knack1682 trinkum-trankum1699 knick-knacket1793 knick-knackery1812 trankum1819 gaw1822 pretty1882 trinklet1897 mathom1954 tchotchke1968 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [noun] > embellishment > an) ornament(s) coloursc1405 rhetoricc1425 gaudc1430 flower1508 flourish1603 embellishment1632 flosculation1651 floscule1669 gayness1670 floresa1734 taga1734 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > [noun] playeOE gameeOE disportc1380 sportc1443 museryc1450 pastime?1473 gaud1587 playgame1596 exercise1622 amusement1632 evagation1638 retirement1641 divertisement1642 diversiona1684 ploya1689 lounge1788 divertissement1804 happening1959 letterboxing1977 timepass1982 c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems 92 Where he [Sardanapalus] with wymmen satte and made his gawdes. ?1550 J. Bale Apol. agaynste Papyst 119 b A wonton gyglot maye cal men to sorrowfull repentaunce, whils she is yet in her gawdes, and the maystre of the stewes maye persuade men to chastyte. 1587 J. Harmar tr. T. de Bèze Serm. 82 To disburden her [the Church] of those stincking and defiled gawdes, to restore her vnto her natiue beuty. [Cf. ante, Which disguised hir with prophane trimmings & tifflings vp of her.] 1591 H. Smith Trumpet of Soule sig. A6v Why Solomon maketh us fooles and giueth us gaudes to play withall. 1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule of Holy Living (1727) ii. §4. 96 Or should study hard and labour to cozen a child of his gauds. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 ccvi. 52 Some bound for Guinny, golden sand to find, Bore all the gawds the simple Natives wear. 1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xviii. 10 Dainties he heeded not, nor gaude, nor toy. 1823 W. M. Praed Troubadour in Poems (1865) I. 121 A dazzling gaud of twisted gold. 1842 F. Trollope Visit to Italy I. xxii. 363 The gaud that most delights the ladies..is the old lace. 1883 Sat. Rev. 55 497 Otherwise than as gauds for a procession they [umbrellas] are not held in any great estimation. 3. a. plural. Showy ceremonies, ‘pomps and vanities’; gaieties. Now rhetorical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > a public show or spectacle > [noun] spectaclea1340 speculationc1440 steracle14.. triumphc1503 show1565 sprank1568 ostentation1598 presentationa1616 exposition1649 gauds1652 raree-show1681 spectacle1749 exhibition1761 draw1881 spectacular1890 1652 W. Brough Sacred Princ. (ed. 2) 66 The Gawds and Glories of an Earthly Court. 1803 H. K. White Lines on Surv. of Heavens in Clifton Grove 67 How insignificant do all the joys, The gaudes, and honours of the world appear! 1853 J. L. Motley Let. 30 June in Corr. (1889) I. v. 157 I had hoped that Mary would have mustered up energy to send you a description of these fine doings... I am not good at these gauds. 1867 Felton's Greece, Anc. & Mod. I. 249 Its bishops and patriarchs surrounded themselves with the pomps and gauds of this world. b. singular. Idle display; showy ceremony. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > [noun] > (an) ostentatious display pompc1330 vaunterya1492 pomping pridec1503 braga1513 flaunt-a-flaunt1576 plume1580 affecting1584 top and topgallant1593 ruffle1609 parado1621 riota1649 flutter1667 show1713 sprunk1746 to make a splash1804 show-off1811 paraffle1816 shine1819 splurge1828 gaud1831 spludge1831 poppy-show1860 razzle1885 razzmatazz1917 foofaraw1933 showbiz1970 glitz1977 1831 T. Campbell in Metropolitan July 219 Public Murder!—that with pomp and gaud, And royal scorn of Justice, walks abroad. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi II. iv. i. 89 The pomp, the gaud..strongly contrasted the patriarchal simplicity which marked his justice court. CompoundsΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > of fine or gay appearance gay?c1225 jollyc1380 gallantc1420 show-worthy1542 gaud-glorious1555 brave1568 of show1580 gaudy1583 braving1600 cavalier1670 showish1675 showy1712 braw1724 branky1790 viewy1850 cheesy1858 cheesy1863 jazzified1920 jazzed1922 zizzy1966 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. viii. L ij a In their Toumbes..very plaine and nothyng costlie: But in trimming and arraieng of their bodies, to, to, gaude glorious. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † gaudv.1 Obsolete. 1. transitive. To furnish with ‘gauds’ (see gaud n.1, gaudy n. 1). ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > rosary > [verb (intransitive)] > furnish with paternoster beads gaudc1405 gaudy?1484 c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 159 A peyre of bedes gauded al with greene. 1500 Will of Letuce Sturdy (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/12) f. 108 A payre of Corall bedys of fifty gawded with bedis of syluer and gilt. 1527 Inv. Goods T. Cromwell (Pub. Rec. Off.) ij payer of corall beds gauded with xxxviij gaudyes of sylver and gylte. 1552 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 144 My beades gauded gold. 2. To ornament, adorn, make showy. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament dightc1200 begoa1225 fay?c1225 rustc1275 duba1300 shrouda1300 adorna1325 flourishc1325 apparel1366 depaintc1374 dressa1375 raila1375 anorna1382 orna1382 honourc1390 paintc1390 pare1393 garnisha1400 mensk?a1400 apykec1400 hightlec1400 overfretc1440 exornc1450 embroider1460 repair1484 empare1490 ornate1490 bedo?a1500 purfle?a1500 glorify?1504 betrap1509 broider1509 deck?1521 likelya1522 to set forth1530 exornate1539 grace1548 adornate1550 fardc1550 gaud1554 pink1558 bedeck1559 tight1572 begaud1579 embellish1579 bepounce1582 parela1586 flower1587 ornify1590 illustrate1592 tinsel1594 formalize1595 adore1596 suborn1596 trapper1597 condecorate1599 diamondize1600 furnish1600 enrich1601 mense1602 prank1605 overgreen1609 crown1611 enjewel1611 broocha1616 varnish1641 ornament1650 array1652 bedub1657 bespangle1675 irradiate1717 gem1747 begem1749 redeck1771 blazon1813 aggrace1825 diamond1839 panoply1851 1554 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 146 My best cassocke gawded wt velvet. 1559 T. Becon Displaying Popish Masse in Wks. (1563) iii. 36 b Thys your fooles cote, gayly gawded, signifieth youre pleasaunte fynenesse and womanly nicenesse. Derivatives ˈgauded adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > [adjective] > ornamented or decorated depaint?c1225 ornedc1384 trappeda1400 attiredc1400 bolled1400 picked?c1425 bedighta1440 garnishedc1440 well-apparelledc1450 decorate1460 adorned?1473 ornate?a1475 anorneda1500 decked?a1500 exornate1509 redimite?a1513 well-decked1530 adornate1539 prankedc1550 entrapped?1553 bested1558 distinct1596 embellished1598 well-tricked1599 enamelled1604 gaudeda1616 broidered1616 farded1637 phalerated1656 adorn1667 bedecked1671 gayed1671 fancied1688 phalerate1702 decorated1727 ornamented1730 orné1763 got-up1793 gotten-up1796 apparelled1821 engrailed1848 a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) ii. i. 214 Their nicely gawded Cheekes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † gaudv.2 intransitive. To make merry; to sport, jest; to scoff (at). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > banter or good-humoured ridicule > banter [verb (intransitive)] bourd1303 japec1374 rail?1507 gaud1532 mow1559 railly1612 rally1625 banter1660 badiner1697 chaffa1845 josh1845 persiflate1850 to poke (the) borak1882 kibitz1923 to take the mickey (out of)1948 mickey-take1959 society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > make merry [verb (intransitive)] to make feast?c1225 to make merryc1330 merrymakec1395 to have a good (bad, etc.) time (of it, formerly on it)1509 to make pleasant1530 gaud1532 to play the goodfellow1563 company1591 junket1607 rage1979 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 366/2 And yf [the battle] walke on your syde then [you] gawde and glory. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Cert. Places Holy Script. i, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 373 More reasonable it were for vain man to learn and reverence the form of God's words, than to gaud at them to his damnation. 1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. xxxii. f. 64 In carpinge gaudinge and iestinge at yonge gentlemen, and specially olde men. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Dii/2 To Gaude scoffe, scommari, nugari. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 562 He was sporting and gauding with his familiars. Derivatives ˈgauding n. ΚΠ a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. iv. sig. E.ij What gaudyng and foolyng is this afore my doore? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < |
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