gastn.

Brit.

/ɡɑːst/,

/ɡast/, U.S.

/ɡæst/, Scottish English

/ɡast/

Etymology: < gast v.¹

Scottish.

A fright.[Cf. quot. a1450² at gast adj.¹ ]

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > apprehension > [noun] > fright caused by alarm

frighta1325

affrayc1380

fray1398

gloppeninga1400

alarma1460

scare1548

affright1566

affrightment1593

aghastment1594

surprise1609

gastc1686

gliff1732

stew1806

stink1819

feeze1825

startlement1927

c1686 R. Law Memorialls (1818) 220 The woman in a gast..comes and tells her lady who had stollen her things.

1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xvi. 117 Aw never got sic a gast's aw got the nicht.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† gastadj.¹

Etymology: past participle of gast v.¹

Terrified, afraid. for gast: for fear.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of terror or horror > [adjective]

affrightOE

ofgrisea1200

adreadc1225

ofgasta1300

aghastc1300

dreadc1300

dreadfula1325

dreadya1325

forfrighteda1325

frightfula1325

gasta1382

dareda1400

aghasteda1425

mazed1493

awfula1522

agazed1557

flaited1565

terrifiedc1586

gastereda1644

scarified1895

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. viii. 9 Confoundid ben the wise men, gast and caȝt thei ben.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5814 He was gast [Vesp. fraid] So ferde þat he to fle bigon.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 325 I know no gome þat is gast of þy grete wordes.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 4023 When þuse ladyes weron a-resone vp, to han y-gon..Towarde herre chambrus for gast euerychon.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 3110 He durst not meue hurre-self for gast.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 125 Me think my spreit rynnis away full gast.

1574 J. Higgins 1st Pt. Mirour for Magistrates Nennius f. 72^v Thou neuer wast in all thy life so gast, Nor durst againe be euer halfe so bolde.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

gastadj.²

/ɡast/

Etymology: Apparently cognate with geason adj. and n.; compare Middle Dutch gâst , gêst (Dutch geest ), barren soil, geest n.

dialect.

(See quots. a1825, 1895.)

ΚΠ

1729 Corton Parish (Suffolk) Terrier Every Gast Beast, i.e. for every Heifer or young Steer.

1760 Corton Parish (Suffolk) Terrier Barren or gast cattle.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Gast or Ghast-Cow, a cow which does not produce a calf in the season.

1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia Gast..Also applied to mares.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

† gastv.¹

Forms: Old English gǽstan, Middle English gaast, 1500s ghast, Middle English–1600s gast(e.

Etymology: Old English gǽstan (only once) < Old Germanic type *gaistjan , apparently cognate with Gothic usgaisjan to terrify, usgeisnan to be terrified. See ghost n.

Obsolete.

transitive. To frighten, alarm, scare, terrify.In quot. OE the sense seems to be rather ‘to torture’ or ‘to destroy’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > frighten [verb (transitive)]

gastOE

eisieOE

fearc1000

scarec1175

fray14..

doubtc1315

fright1423

flightc1571

to curdle the blood1579

effray1588

hare1656

pavefy1656

frighten1666

sob1671

haze1677

funk1789

gliff1823

frecken1847

to scare a person silly1942

OE Cynewulf Juliana 17 Feondscype rærdon, hofon hæþengield, halge cwelmdon, breotun boccræftge, bærndon gecorene, gæston godes cempan gare ond lige.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 370) (1850) 4 Kings xxii. 19 Thi herte is gaastyde [a1425 L.V. aferd], and thou ert meeked beforn the Lord.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. 129 To..Gaste Crowen from his corn.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1648 Sche [sc. Medea] coude make it reyne..And gasten men with sodein erthe-quave.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 215 Thou shalte haue many rynnynge engyns to make horribill Sownes to gasten thyn enemys.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 560/2 I gaste hym as sore as he was these twelve monethes.

1592 J. Stow Annales anno 1586 . 1228 These men..were..so ghasted with feare..that they looked rather like to ghostes than men.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vi. 54 Or whether gasted by the noyse I made, but sodainly he fled.

1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale ix. 413 (note) So Pirrus lookes in Argos gastes his ffoes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

† gastv.²

Etymology: ? < Old French gaster, guaster, waster: see waste v. (But compare quot. OE at gast v.¹)

Obsolete.

transitive. ? To ruin, spoil.

ΚΠ

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 62 Whet helpeþ þe, my suete lemmon, my lyf þus forte gaste?

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

n.c1686

adj.¹a1382

adj.²1729

v.¹OE

v.²a1350

单词	gast
释义	gastn. Brit. /ɡɑːst/, /ɡast/, U.S. /ɡæst/, Scottish English /ɡast/ Etymology: < gast v.¹ Scottish. A fright.[Cf. quot. a1450² at gast adj.¹ ] ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > apprehension > [noun] > fright caused by alarm frighta1325 affrayc1380 fray1398 gloppeninga1400 alarma1460 scare1548 affright1566 affrightment1593 aghastment1594 surprise1609 gastc1686 gliff1732 stew1806 stink1819 feeze1825 startlement1927 c1686 R. Law Memorialls (1818) 220 The woman in a gast..comes and tells her lady who had stollen her things. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xvi. 117 Aw never got sic a gast's aw got the nicht. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † gastadj.¹ Etymology: past participle of gast v.¹ Terrified, afraid. for gast: for fear. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of terror or horror > [adjective] affrightOE ofgrisea1200 adreadc1225 ofgasta1300 aghastc1300 dreadc1300 dreadfula1325 dreadya1325 forfrighteda1325 frightfula1325 gasta1382 dareda1400 aghasteda1425 mazed1493 awfula1522 agazed1557 flaited1565 terrifiedc1586 gastereda1644 scarified1895 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. viii. 9 Confoundid ben the wise men, gast and caȝt thei ben. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5814 He was gast [Vesp. fraid] So ferde þat he to fle bigon. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 325 I know no gome þat is gast of þy grete wordes. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 4023 When þuse ladyes weron a-resone vp, to han y-gon..Towarde herre chambrus for gast euerychon. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 3110 He durst not meue hurre-self for gast. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 125 Me think my spreit rynnis away full gast. 1574 J. Higgins 1st Pt. Mirour for Magistrates Nennius f. 72^v Thou neuer wast in all thy life so gast, Nor durst againe be euer halfe so bolde. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020). gastadj.² /ɡast/ Etymology: Apparently cognate with geason adj. and n.; compare Middle Dutch gâst , gêst (Dutch geest ), barren soil, geest n. dialect. (See quots. a1825, 1895.) ΚΠ 1729 Corton Parish (Suffolk) Terrier Every Gast Beast, i.e. for every Heifer or young Steer. 1760 Corton Parish (Suffolk) Terrier Barren or gast cattle. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Gast or Ghast-Cow, a cow which does not produce a calf in the season. 1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia Gast..Also applied to mares. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020). † gastv.¹ Forms: Old English gǽstan, Middle English gaast, 1500s ghast, Middle English–1600s gast(e. Etymology: Old English gǽstan (only once) < Old Germanic type gaistjan , apparently cognate with Gothic usgaisjan* to terrify, usgeisnan to be terrified. See ghost n. Obsolete. transitive. To frighten, alarm, scare, terrify.In quot. OE the sense seems to be rather ‘to torture’ or ‘to destroy’. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > frighten [verb (transitive)] gastOE eisieOE fearc1000 scarec1175 fray14.. doubtc1315 fright1423 flightc1571 to curdle the blood1579 effray1588 hare1656 pavefy1656 frighten1666 sob1671 haze1677 funk1789 gliff1823 frecken1847 to scare a person silly1942 OE Cynewulf Juliana 17 Feondscype rærdon, hofon hæþengield, halge cwelmdon, breotun boccræftge, bærndon gecorene, gæston godes cempan gare ond lige. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 370) (1850) 4 Kings xxii. 19 Thi herte is gaastyde [a1425 L.V. aferd], and thou ert meeked beforn the Lord. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. 129 To..Gaste Crowen from his corn. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1648 Sche [sc. Medea] coude make it reyne..And gasten men with sodein erthe-quave. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 215 Thou shalte haue many rynnynge engyns to make horribill Sownes to gasten thyn enemys. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 560/2 I gaste hym as sore as he was these twelve monethes. 1592 J. Stow Annales anno 1586 . 1228 These men..were..so ghasted with feare..that they looked rather like to ghostes than men. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vi. 54 Or whether gasted by the noyse I made, but sodainly he fled. 1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale ix. 413 (note) So Pirrus lookes in Argos gastes his ffoes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020). † gastv.² Etymology: ? < Old French gaster, guaster, waster: see waste v. (But compare quot. OE at gast v.¹) Obsolete. transitive. ? To ruin, spoil. ΚΠ a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 62 Whet helpeþ þe, my suete lemmon, my lyf þus forte gaste? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2020). < n.c1686adj.¹a1382adj.²1729v.¹OEv.²a1350
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gastn.

† gastadj.1

gastadj.2

† gastv.1

† gastv.2

† gastadj.¹

gastadj.²

† gastv.¹

† gastv.²