georgicsn.

Brit.

/ˈdʒɔːdʒɪks/, U.S.

/ˈdʒɔrdʒɪks/

Forms: 1500s–1600s georgickes, 1500s–1600s georgikes, 1500s–1600s georgiks, 1500s–1600s georgiques, 1500s–1700s georgicks, 1600s– georgics; also Scottish pre-1700 georgikis. Also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin; partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: Latin geōrgica, geōrgicus.

Etymology: Originally (in sense 1) < classical Latin geōrgica, title of a literary work on agriculture, use as noun of neuter plural of geōrgicus georgic adj.: see -ic suffix 2. Compare ancient Greek τὰ γεωργικά , Old French, Middle French georgiques (a1278; French géorgiques ), plural nouns, both in sense ‘treatise on agriculture’ (in French with specific reference to the work by Virgil). In sense 2 after Middle French georgiques, plural noun (1579 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1594), use as noun of plural of georgique georgic adj. Compare later georgic n., and also later georgic adj.

1. With capital initial and singular or plural agreement. (The title of) a didactic poem on the subject of agriculture and other rural occupations; spec. that written by Virgil. Cf. georgic n. 1.Virgil's Georgics, written in imitation of Hesiod's Works & Days, consist of four books concerning respectively crops, trees, cattle, and bee-keeping.

ΚΠ

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. Prol. l. 101 Octauian, in his Georgikis, ȝe may se; He [sc. Virgil] consalis nevir lordschip in hell desyre.

1586 W. Webbe Disc. Eng. Poetrie sig. C.i^v He [sc. Virgil] immitateth Homer in that worke, so dooth he likewyse followe..Hesiodus in hys Georgicks or bookes of Husbandry.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xiv. 194 They may proceed..from the lowest kind of verse in the Eclogues, to something a loftier in the Georgicks.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. Introd. Pref. sig. a5^v Such passages do..make the Style of his Georgicks, as well Noble..as that of his Æneids.

a1780 J. Harris Philol. Inq. (1781) ii. v. 124 The dry, didactic character of the Georgics made it necessary, they should be enlivened by Episodes and Digressions.

1797 tr. J. Delille in Analyt. Rev. Dec. 623 These new Georgics have nothing in common with any that have yet appeared.

1828 H. Alford Jrnl. in Life, Jrnls. & Lett. (1873) 32 Getting up the Georgics, reading trigonometry.

1886 A. C. Swinburne Misc. 150 A leaf of the Georgics would outpoise in value the whole of the ‘Excursion’.

1918 W. Cather My Ántonia iii. ii. 300 The perfect utterance of the Georgics, where the pen was fitted to the matter as the plough is to the furrow.

1964 E. Salisbury Weeds & Aliens (ed. 2) ii. 30 Darnel..was, from Virgil's reference to it in The Georgics, evidently a troublesome weed of southern Europe two millennia ago.

1997 J. K. Hale Milton's Langs. 213 Spenser never wrote a ‘Georgics’ between his pastoral and epic.

2. Agriculture; farming. Now rare and chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > [noun] > farming sciences

agriculture1565

georgics1594

geoponics1608

rural science?1750

agricultural science1775

agronomy1796

agronomics1825

agrometeorology1925

agrobiology1930

agroecology1930

agrotechnology1932

agrology1946

agro-ecosystem1949

agriscience1958

green revolution1968

cereology1990

agromechanization2006

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course v. f. 69 The Heroicks..haue written of diuers matters; of warres; of naturall philosophie, Astrologie, Physick, Bucolicks, and Georgicks [Fr. Georgiques].

1663 J. Beale Let. 9 Nov. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 174 As I have moved allready for Medecine & Georgiques..Soe I sollicite the like historicall collection in all our affayres of Art, & Nature, Mathematicall &c.

1752 V. Miller Man-Plant 50 I have incidentally started hints too valuable not to be slighted, for the establishment of a new, and nobler System of Georgics.

1802 G. Acerbi Trav. I. 144 The elements of botany, horticulture and other branches of georgics.

1882 St. James's Gaz. 11 Mar. 6 They may even have the effrontery to be acquainted with georgics or geopony, commonly called agriculture.

1920 E. M. Robinson Piping & Panning 84 The days of my boyhood were spent In a very remote, Hoosier village; And so, to a middling extent, I have knowledge of georgics and tillage.

2002 Brit. Jrnl. Hist. Sci. 35 412 Such a broadly based definition meant that a range of fields like metallurgy, chemistry, georgics and pharmacy influenced mineralogy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	georgics
释义	georgicsn. Brit. /ˈdʒɔːdʒɪks/, U.S. /ˈdʒɔrdʒɪks/ Forms: 1500s–1600s georgickes, 1500s–1600s georgikes, 1500s–1600s georgiks, 1500s–1600s georgiques, 1500s–1700s georgicks, 1600s– georgics; also Scottish pre-1700 georgikis. Also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin; partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: Latin geōrgica, geōrgicus. Etymology: Originally (in sense 1) < classical Latin geōrgica, title of a literary work on agriculture, use as noun of neuter plural of geōrgicus georgic adj.: see -ic suffix 2. Compare ancient Greek τὰ γεωργικά , Old French, Middle French georgiques (a1278; French géorgiques ), plural nouns, both in sense ‘treatise on agriculture’ (in French with specific reference to the work by Virgil). In sense 2 after Middle French georgiques, plural noun (1579 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1594), use as noun of plural of georgique georgic adj. Compare later georgic n., and also later georgic adj. 1. With capital initial and singular or plural agreement. (The title of) a didactic poem on the subject of agriculture and other rural occupations; spec. that written by Virgil. Cf. georgic n. 1.Virgil's Georgics, written in imitation of Hesiod's Works & Days, consist of four books concerning respectively crops, trees, cattle, and bee-keeping. ΚΠ a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. Prol. l. 101 Octauian, in his Georgikis, ȝe may se; He [sc. Virgil] consalis nevir lordschip in hell desyre. 1586 W. Webbe Disc. Eng. Poetrie sig. C.i^v He [sc. Virgil] immitateth Homer in that worke, so dooth he likewyse followe..Hesiodus in hys Georgicks or bookes of Husbandry. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xiv. 194 They may proceed..from the lowest kind of verse in the Eclogues, to something a loftier in the Georgicks. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. Introd. Pref. sig. a5^v Such passages do..make the Style of his Georgicks, as well Noble..as that of his Æneids. a1780 J. Harris Philol. Inq. (1781) ii. v. 124 The dry, didactic character of the Georgics made it necessary, they should be enlivened by Episodes and Digressions. 1797 tr. J. Delille in Analyt. Rev. Dec. 623 These new Georgics have nothing in common with any that have yet appeared. 1828 H. Alford Jrnl. in Life, Jrnls. & Lett. (1873) 32 Getting up the Georgics, reading trigonometry. 1886 A. C. Swinburne Misc. 150 A leaf of the Georgics would outpoise in value the whole of the ‘Excursion’. 1918 W. Cather My Ántonia iii. ii. 300 The perfect utterance of the Georgics, where the pen was fitted to the matter as the plough is to the furrow. 1964 E. Salisbury Weeds & Aliens (ed. 2) ii. 30 Darnel..was, from Virgil's reference to it in The Georgics, evidently a troublesome weed of southern Europe two millennia ago. 1997 J. K. Hale Milton's Langs. 213 Spenser never wrote a ‘Georgics’ between his pastoral and epic. 2. Agriculture; farming. Now rare and chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > [noun] > farming sciences agriculture1565 georgics1594 geoponics1608 rural science?1750 agricultural science1775 agronomy1796 agronomics1825 agrometeorology1925 agrobiology1930 agroecology1930 agrotechnology1932 agrology1946 agro-ecosystem1949 agriscience1958 green revolution1968 cereology1990 agromechanization2006 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course v. f. 69 The Heroicks..haue written of diuers matters; of warres; of naturall philosophie, Astrologie, Physick, Bucolicks, and Georgicks [Fr. Georgiques]. 1663 J. Beale Let. 9 Nov. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 174 As I have moved allready for Medecine & Georgiques..Soe I sollicite the like historicall collection in all our affayres of Art, & Nature, Mathematicall &c. 1752 V. Miller Man-Plant 50 I have incidentally started hints too valuable not to be slighted, for the establishment of a new, and nobler System of Georgics. 1802 G. Acerbi Trav. I. 144 The elements of botany, horticulture and other branches of georgics. 1882 St. James's Gaz. 11 Mar. 6 They may even have the effrontery to be acquainted with georgics or geopony, commonly called agriculture. 1920 E. M. Robinson Piping & Panning 84 The days of my boyhood were spent In a very remote, Hoosier village; And so, to a middling extent, I have knowledge of georgics and tillage. 2002 Brit. Jrnl. Hist. Sci. 35 412 Such a broadly based definition meant that a range of fields like metallurgy, chemistry, georgics and pharmacy influenced mineralogy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1522
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