gambiern.

Brit.

/ˈɡambɪə/, U.S.

/ˈɡæmˌbɪ(ə)r/

Forms: 1800s gamber, 1800s– gambeer, 1800s– gambier, 1800s– gambir.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Malay. Etymons: French gambir; Malay gambir.

Etymology: < (i) French gambir, gambier (1800 as †gamber in the source translated in quot. 1800), and in later use partly also < its etymon (ii) Malay gambir, denoting the plant from which the substance is obtained, and also the substance itself.

An astringent, tannin-rich substance obtained from the tropical Asian climbing plant Uncaria gambir (family Rubiaceae), used as a component of betel leaf and areca nut masticatories (cf. paan n.), esp. in Malaysia, and (formerly) in tanning. Also: the plant itself, or such plants, once widely cultivated for the production of this substance. Also attributive.Gambier is also sometimes called catechu, pale catechu, or pale cutch.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > yielding masticatory products > [noun] > other plants yielding masticatory products

coca1616

gambier1800

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > leather-making materials > [noun] > tannin > tanning solutions

sumac?a1350

bark-waterc1440

oozea1450

owser1704

sour1756

souring1777

tan-pickle1820

gambier1853

kassu1862

tan-liquor1882

tan-ooze1901

1800 tr. J. J. Labillardière Voy. in Search La Pérouse I. 403 Those people, not content with chewing the betel, import from Malacca an extract of a bitter plant, known by the name of gamber.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 205 A lightish brown, bitter, and powerfully astringent extract, called Gambeer, is obtained at Malacca by boiling the leaves of Nauclea Gambeer.

1853 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (new ed.) 68 Gambir,—This is an astringent extract, imported from the East Indies under the name of terra japonica.

1875 Sugar Cane 1 Jan. 5 When forest of oak were more common in England and a more sparse population required a smaller supply of leather than at present, such substances as divi-divi, gambier and catechu were practically unknown.

1883 Rajah Brooke in Pall Mall Gaz. 19 Nov. 2/1 Our crops of pepper and gambir are steadily increasing.

1907 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 57 737 Cutch of an inferior quality is made from the Areca palm, also from a plant called gambier, which grows in Borneo.

1943 Econ. Geogr. 19 257/2 The [betel] nut is sliced and combined with dry and powdered tobacco, lime, and gambier, and folded in a betel pepper leaf to form the quid.

1995 M. Lewis Singapore: Rough Guide 58 Built in traditional south Chinese style for a wealthy Teochew pepper and gambier (a resin used in tanning) merchant.

2001 D. J. Leonard Diving Pacific: Micronesia & W. Pacific Islands iv. 112/2 In addition to the three principal ingredients, many other materials are added to the quid, depending on local custom: cardamoms, nutmeg, cloves, camphor, gambier (a tanning agent, a popular addition in western Indonesia), dried ginger, black pepper, and tobacco.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gambier
释义	gambiern. Brit. /ˈɡambɪə/, U.S. /ˈɡæmˌbɪ(ə)r/ Forms: 1800s gamber, 1800s– gambeer, 1800s– gambier, 1800s– gambir. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Malay. Etymons: French gambir; Malay gambir. Etymology: < (i) French gambir, gambier (1800 as †gamber in the source translated in quot. 1800), and in later use partly also < its etymon (ii) Malay gambir, denoting the plant from which the substance is obtained, and also the substance itself. An astringent, tannin-rich substance obtained from the tropical Asian climbing plant Uncaria gambir (family Rubiaceae), used as a component of betel leaf and areca nut masticatories (cf. paan n.), esp. in Malaysia, and (formerly) in tanning. Also: the plant itself, or such plants, once widely cultivated for the production of this substance. Also attributive.Gambier is also sometimes called catechu, pale catechu, or pale cutch. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > yielding masticatory products > [noun] > other plants yielding masticatory products coca1616 gambier1800 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > leather-making materials > [noun] > tannin > tanning solutions sumac?a1350 bark-waterc1440 oozea1450 owser1704 sour1756 souring1777 tan-pickle1820 gambier1853 kassu1862 tan-liquor1882 tan-ooze1901 1800 tr. J. J. Labillardière Voy. in Search La Pérouse I. 403 Those people, not content with chewing the betel, import from Malacca an extract of a bitter plant, known by the name of gamber. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 205 A lightish brown, bitter, and powerfully astringent extract, called Gambeer, is obtained at Malacca by boiling the leaves of Nauclea Gambeer. 1853 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (new ed.) 68 Gambir,—This is an astringent extract, imported from the East Indies under the name of terra japonica. 1875 Sugar Cane 1 Jan. 5 When forest of oak were more common in England and a more sparse population required a smaller supply of leather than at present, such substances as divi-divi, gambier and catechu were practically unknown. 1883 Rajah Brooke in Pall Mall Gaz. 19 Nov. 2/1 Our crops of pepper and gambir are steadily increasing. 1907 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 57 737 Cutch of an inferior quality is made from the Areca palm, also from a plant called gambier, which grows in Borneo. 1943 Econ. Geogr. 19 257/2 The [betel] nut is sliced and combined with dry and powdered tobacco, lime, and gambier, and folded in a betel pepper leaf to form the quid. 1995 M. Lewis Singapore: Rough Guide 58 Built in traditional south Chinese style for a wealthy Teochew pepper and gambier (a resin used in tanning) merchant. 2001 D. J. Leonard Diving Pacific: Micronesia & W. Pacific Islands iv. 112/2 In addition to the three principal ingredients, many other materials are added to the quid, depending on local custom: cardamoms, nutmeg, cloves, camphor, gambier (a tanning agent, a popular addition in western Indonesia), dried ginger, black pepper, and tobacco. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1800
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