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单词 garret
释义

garretn.1

/ˈɡarɪt/
Forms: Middle English garite, garyte, Middle English garytte, Middle English–1500s garett(e, (Middle English garet, gerret), 1500s garrette, gar(r)it, 1500s–1700s garrat, 1500s– garret.
Etymology: < Old French garite, guerite, watchtower (modern French guérite watchtower, sentry-box, refuge) = Spanish garita (? from French), Portuguese guarita; of Germanic origin, connected with Old French guarir, warir, to preserve, guard, cure (modern French guérir to cure), < Germanic *warjan to defend, pro-tect; the precise formation of the noun has not been satisfactorily explained.
1. A turret projecting from the top of a tower or from the parapet of a fortification; a watchtower. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > place where view obtained > [noun] > look-out place
garret1340
tooting-towera1382
watch-house1482
watchtower1544
watch-stand1610
beacon1611
mount1612
belfry1631
lookout1662
mirador1672
lookout tower1748
toot1770
watch point1893
observation post1909
lookout station1928
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > turrets or pinnacles
pinnaclec1330
garret1340
filiolec1400
pricket1534
tower-work1653
pinnet1805
pinnaclet1905
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 9101 Þe garettes oboven þe yhates bryght Of þe ceté of heven, I lyken þus ryght, Tylle þe garettes of a ceté of gold.
a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 1658 He be-held forþer a lite To a chaunber vnder a garite.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 562 There salle appone Godarde a garette be rerede.
a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 88 She putte her in a garet to see the Kinge Josue passe.
1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 112 Garrits and watch houses, where the..Sentinels are to be placed.
2. A room on the uppermost floor of a house; an apartment formed either partially or wholly within the roof, an attic. from cellar to garret, from garret to kitchen, etc.: over the whole house.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > upper room or loft
sollarc897
roostOE
loftc1385
cellara1400
roofc1405
garret1483
solier1483
hall of stage1485
coploft1571
cockloftc1580
tallet1586
cotloft1642
chamber1644
kitchen loft1648
vance-roof1655
sky-parlour1777
attic1818
soleret1851
overhead1949
dormer room1951
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > [adverb] > throughout the house
but and benc1375
from garret to kitchen1712
from cellar to garret1828
1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton H v b What shold auaylle..a garette ful of whete or a celer ful of wyn.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 43 In Countreys that are very wette and watrishe, it is better to make them [sc. corn lofts] in Garrettes as hie as may be.
1625 F. Bacon Apophthegmes xvii, in Wks. (1859) VII. 180 My Lord St. Alban said that wise Nature did never put her precious jewels into a garret four stories high: and therefore that exceeding tall men had ever very empty heads.
1645 J. Milton Colasterion 19 This is not for an unbutton'd fellow to discuss in the Garret, at his tressle.
1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 24 Two Stories high, besides Cellars and Garrats.
1712 J. Arbuthnot Lewis Baboon iv. viii. 35 John Bull..ran up Stairs and down Stairs, from the Kitchen to the Garrets, and from the Garrets to the Kitchen.
1714 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. c24 Sept. (1965) I. 226 If it was possible to restore Liberty to your Country..by reduceing your selfe to a Garret, I should be pleas'd to share so glorious a poverty with you.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. 219 The..lodging-house, where the poet Codrus, and his wife, were permitted to hire a wretched garret immediately under the tiles.
1828 T. Carlyle Burns in Edinb. Rev. Dec. 302 The news of his arrival circulated from the cellar to the garret.
1849 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 80 I was through all our house yesterday, from garret to kitchen.
1876 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 2nd Ser. v. 211 His [Johnson's] happiest effort is a dissertation upon the advantage of living in garrets.
figurative.1813 H. Smith & J. Smith Horace in London ii. vii. 132 We'll talk of our gambols..Till Phœbus looks out of his garret.
3. slang.
a. The head; esp. in phrases to be wrong in one's garret, to have one's garret unfurnished, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun]
nolleOE
headOE
topa1225
copc1264
scalpa1300
chiefc1330
crownc1330
jowla1400
poll?a1400
testea1400
ball in the hoodc1400
palleta1425
noddle?1507
costard?1515
nab?1536
neck1560
coxcomb1567
sconce1567
now1568
headpiece1579
mazer1581
mazardc1595
cockcomb1602
costrel1604
cranion1611
pasha1616
noddle pate1622
block1635
cranium1647
sallet1652
poundrel1664
nob1699
crany?1730
knowledge box1755
noodle1762
noggin1769
napper1785
garret1796
pimple1811
knowledge-casket1822
coco1828
cobbra1832
coconut1834
top-piece1838
nut1841
barnet1857
twopenny1859
chump1864
topknot1869
conk1870
masthead1884
filbert1886
bonce1889
crumpet1891
dome1891
roof1897
beanc1905
belfry1907
hat rack1907
melon1907
box1908
lemon1923
loaf1925
pound1933
sconec1945
nana1966
1796 Grose's Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (ed. 3) Garret, or Upper Story, the head. His garret, or upper story, is empty, or unfurnished; i.e. he has no brains, he is a fool.
1840 R. H. Barham Bagman's Dog in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 335 What's called ‘The Claret’ Flew over the garret.
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale (at cited word) To be wrang in yan's Garrets, to be wanting in intellect, or suffering from temporary delirium.
b. (See quot. 1819.)
ΚΠ
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 177 Garret, the fob-pocket.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
garret chamber n.
ΚΠ
1657 in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. VII. 39/2 John Norman is to build an house for them..with..one garret chamber.
1889 R. T. Cooke Steadfast ii. 27 She crept upstairs to the ‘garret-chamber’ where she slept.
garret-poverty n.
ΚΠ
17.. Addit. to Pope (1776) I. 117 Again my garret poverty is shown By the mean cov'ring of this Portland stone.
garret-room n.
ΚΠ
1671 J. Davies Sibylls i. viii. 23 There may be some brain which hath garret-room to receive it.
1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist II. xxiv. 66 It was a bare garret-room.
garret-stairs n.
ΚΠ
1688 S. Sewall Diary I. 241 I thought of Mr. Oakes's Dream about Mr. Shepard and Mitchell beckening him up the Garret-Stairs in Harvard College.
1859 W. Collins Queen of Hearts I. 203 My aunt came hastily up the garret-stairs.
garret-story n.
ΚΠ
1806 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. IV. 1 Most of them have now what the country-people call a loft; i.e. a garret-story.
garret-window n.
ΚΠ
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Lucarne, a garret window, or window in the roofe of a house, etc.
b.
garret-high adj.
ΚΠ
1684 J. Dryden Prol. to Play call'd Disappointment He hires some Homely Room, Love's Fruits to gather, And, Garret-high, Rebels against his Father.
c.
garret-wise adv.
ΚΠ
1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 531 The rooms on the second floor are still arranged garret-wise.
C2.
garret-lock n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > lock > other types of lock
inlock1488
treble lock1680
French lock1787
ringlock1789
thumb-lock1801
bar-lock1828
permutation lock1835
check-lock1850
pin lock1851
time lock1858
garret-lock1860
dead lock1866
seal-lock1871
dead-latch1874
Bramah-lock1875
cylinder lock1878
police lock1910
ziplock1956
solenoid lock1976
D-lock1990
1860–4 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) Garret-lock, the term applied to locks of the most inferior description, because they are made by men of small means who live and work in garrets.
garret-master n. a cabinet-maker, lock-smith, etc. who works on his own account, selling his manufacture to the dealers direct (cf. chamber-master n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > [noun] > manual worker > skilled worker or craftsman > expert > working on own account or employing others
masterc1300
upsetter1518
craftsmaster1579
master workman1670
garret-master1851
master craftsman1865
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 376/2 In the shoe trade,..they are called ‘chamber-masters’, in the ‘cabinet trade’ they are termed ‘garret-masters’.
1861 H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) III. 223/2 These garret-masters are a class of small ‘trade-working masters’, supplying both capital and labour.
1894 Westm. Gaz. 6 June 2/3 Complaints made by the local Locksmith's Trades Union, as to the sub~letting of Navy contracts to garret-masters not under factory inspection.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

garretn.2

Origin: Of unknown origin.
Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare earlier garret n.1, although the nature of any relationship with that word is unclear.
ΚΠ
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §352 The Experiment of Wood that Shineth in the Darke..The Colour of the Shining Part, by Day-light, is in some Peeces White, in some Peeces inclining to Red; Which in the Countrey they call the White and Red Garret.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

garretv.

/ˈɡarɪt/
Etymology: Of uncertain origin; compare gallet v.
Building.
transitive. To insert small pieces of stone in the joints of (coarse masonry).
ΚΠ
1846 Ecclesiologist 6 45 The old way of ‘garreting’ flint-work, that is, of inserting small flint-shivers in the mortar of the joints.

Derivatives

ˈgarreting n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > [noun] > other processes
raggling1500
rigalding1688
tailing1700
rusticating1749
rustication1766
knobbling1785
boasting1823
wind-pinning1833
stroking1842
garreting1845
hearting1858
knobbing1875
ripple-flaking1883
retouch1885
1845 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 4) I. 182 Garretting: small splinters of stone, inserted in the joints of course masonry; they are stuck in after the work is built. Flint walls are very frequently garretted.
1893 Surrey Gloss. Garreting, a species of pointing of stonework with small chips of stone in the joints.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2019).
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n.11340n.21626v.1845
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