单词 | ghastly |
释义 | ghastlyadj. 1. a. †In early use: Causing terror, terrible (obsolete). In modern use (cf. 2): Suggestive of the kind of horror evoked by the sight of death or carnage; horrible, frightful, shocking. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of being horrible > [adjective] atelOE grislya1150 atelichc1175 grisfula1300 ugly13.. hideous1303 horrible1303 ghastlyc1305 stout1338 horrendc1420 ugsomec1425 grisilc1440 execrable1490 uggle1499 horrious?1520 uglisome1530 ugglesome1561 gruesome1570 grisy1590 gashfulc1600 horrid1602 ghast1622 gashly1627 horrific1653 horrendous1661 horrorous1756 horrifying1791 horrorish1847 grauly1848 α. β. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ii. sig. Dd2v As one with vew of ghastly feends affright.1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid i. iii. 8 Every stitch causeth [a scar]..which after healing sheweth ghastly.a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 61 He..standeth exposed to..horrid and ghastly dangers.1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub viii. 155 Certain gastly Notions, which..have served them pretty tolerably for a Devil.1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms ii. 403 The ghastly dreams, That haunt the parting soul.1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. iii. v. 370 His bloody head was set up opposite to that of his fellow-sufferer. For three hours these ghastly trophies remained exposed.1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars ii. 80 The ghastly frequency of the punishment by death tended to make people savage.c1305 St. Christopher 147 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 63 He was so gastliche & so moche þat hi þerste vneþe him iseo. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 1494 A gastlich best he was to mete. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 250 He [Phœbus]..With gastly vois, that all it herde, The Romains in this wise answerde. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. cxxiv. 124 Oothere tweyne..as gastlich as she, or more. 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 1316 By Hecates bowre..In Plutos gastlye towre. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 51 On the typ of rockish turret stood gastlye Celœno Vnlucky prophetesse. 1681 C. Cotton Wonders of Peake 31 Having with terror, here beheld..The gastly aspect of this dang rous place. b. colloquial. Said hyperbolically of persons or things objectionable on various grounds: Shocking, ‘frightful’. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > state of being accursed > [adjective] > as everyday imprecation stinking?c1225 misbegetc1325 banned1340 cursefula1382 wariablea1382 cursedc1386 biccheda1400 maledighta1400 vilea1400 accursedc1400 whoresona1450 remauldit?1473 execrable1490 infamous1490 unbicheda1500 jolly1534 bloodyc1540 mangy?1548 pagan1550 damned1563 misbegotten1571 putid1580 desperate1581 excremental1591 inexecrable?1594 sacred1594 putrid1628 sad1664 blasted1682 plagued1728 damnation1757 infernal1764 damn1775 pesky1775 deuced1782 shocking1798 blessed1806 darned1815 dinged1821 anointed1823 goldarn1830 darn1835 cussed1837 blamed1840 unholy1842 verdomde1850 bleeding1858 ghastly1860 goddam1861 blankety1872 blame1876 bastard1877 God-awful1877 dashed1881 sodding1881 bally1885 ungodly1887 blazing1888 dee1889 motherfucking1890 blistering1900 plurry1900 Christly1910 blinking1914 blethering1915 blighted1915 blighting1916 soddish1922 somethinged1922 effing1929 Jesus1929 dagnab1934 bastarding1944 Christless1947 mother-loving1948 mothering1951 pussyclaat1957 mother-grabbing1959 pigging1970 1860 W. M. Thackeray Four Georges ii, in Cornhill Mag. Aug. 181 There never was such a ghastly farce. 1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. ii. i. 161 This pretence, much favoured by the lady-visitors, led to the ghastliest absurdities. 1890 G. Saintsbury in New Rev. Feb. 138 A most ghastly act of high treason is being committed. 1896 Daily News 21 July 3 To take measures to prevent the session being a ghastly failure. 1931 F. D. Grierson Mystery in Red iv. 70 Don't be a ghastly idiot. 1960 N. Mitford Don't tell Alfred vii. 76 Then he'd never have heard of this ghastly Yanky. 1960 N. Mitford Don't tell Alfred vii. 81 I bought her [sc. a tortoise] from those ghastly children. 1969 ‘C. Fremlin’ Possession i. 9 I know his mother, and she's frightful! She really is, Clare, I promise you: she's ghastly! 2. a. (Influenced by ghost n.: cf. quot. 1711 .) Like a spectre, or a dead body; death-like, pale, wan. Of light: Lurid. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > dead body > [adjective] ghastly1574 cadaverous1643 corpse-like1830 cadaveric1835 corpsy1883 the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective] blatec1000 whiteOE greena1275 blakec1275 bleykea1300 wana1300 palec1330 bleach1340 pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374 colourlessc1380 deadlyc1385 deadc1386 bloodlessc1450 earthlyc1460 ruddylessc1460 wan visaged?a1513 wanny1555 as pale or white as a clout1557 bleak1566 mealy1566 pale-faced1570 ghastly1574 white-faced1577 bleakish1581 pallid1590 whiggish1590 tallow-faced1592 maid-pale1597 lily1600 whey-colour1602 lew1611 roseless1611 Hippocratical1615 cadaverousa1661 Hippocratic1681 smock-faced1684 white-looked1690 livid1728 as white (or pale) as a sheet1752 squalid1753 deathly1791 etiolated1791 light-skinned1802 suety1803 shilpit1813 blanched1828 tallowy1830 suet-faced1834 pasty1836 tallowish1838 whey-faced1847 pasty-faced1848 aghast1850 waxen1853 complexionless1863 light-skin1877 lily-cheeked1877 lardy1879 wan-faced1881 exsanguinous1889 wheatish1950 the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > absence of colour > [adjective] > pale blackeOE blokec1200 blakec1275 fadec1290 bleykea1300 palisha1398 wanned1494 ashy?1541 wearish-coloured1548 wanny1555 wheyish1560 bleak1566 paly1568 ghastly1574 blankish1580 sick1599 palled1601 ashied1613 lurid1656 lunar1742 wax-like1748 ashen1808 unbrightened1827 waxy1835 peely-wally1895 waxen-hued1916 1574 A. Gilby tr. Test. Twelue Patriarches f. 13v Euen in sleepe some spice of imagined malice gnaweth him..making his bodie gastly and his minde afrighted with trouble. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 331 And striuing with the pangs of death halfe a day, he then breathed out his gastly ghost. 1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. II. 83 That his watchings and abstinence had dried up his blood, and made him looke gastly. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 232 His Friend..with a ghastly Look and doleful Cry, Said help me Brother, or this Night I die. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 276 Gastly..like a Ghost, or like a dead Corps; for a gastly Look is chiefly said of the Countenance of a dying Person. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 303. ¶15 That ghastly Light, by which the Fiends appear to one another in their Place of Torments. 1718 M. Prior Power 334 Ghastly with wounds, and lifeless on the bier. 1844 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 280 Touched by compassion for my ghastly appearance. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. iii. 30 A ghastly gleam rested upon the summit of the Ortler. b. of a smile, a grin. ΚΠ 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 286 She tolde him, that there was lately buryed (neere to the place where she was honoured) a sinfull person, whiche so offended her eye with his gastly grinning, that [etc.]. 1832 E. Bulwer-Lytton Eugene Aram I. i. vi. 97 ‘What! eaves-dropping?’ said he, with a ghastly smile. 1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Ernest Maltravers I. i. x. 105 With a ghastly grin. c. said of immaterial things. ΚΠ 1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound i. i. 31 Unlike the voice With which our pallid race hold ghastly talk. 1860 N. Hawthorne Marble Faun I. xxv. 281 A ghastly emotion rose up out of the depths of the young count's heart. 1879 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times II. xxv. 257 A ghastly semblance of faith in the possibility of a peaceful arrangement. 1884 Punch 18 Oct. 190/1 The grim refrain to their ghastly minstrelsy. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] > inspired by fear grislyc1320 ghastly1590 ghastful1720 gruesome1869 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc5v The Dame halfe dedd Through suddein feare and ghastly drerihedd. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. E2 Gastly amazement, with vpstarted haire, Shall hurry on before, and vsher vs. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 314 Why are you drawn? Wherefore this ghastly looking? View more context for this quotation 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 207 In great hast and feare with gastly amazed lookes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ghastlyadv. 1. Qualifying a verb: a. Frightfully, horribly; with a deathlike look. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > ugliness > [adverb] > hideously ghastlya1616 hideously1634 frightfully1729 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. ii. 170 His eye-balles..Staring full gastly, like a strangled man. View more context for this quotation 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab vii. 94 My murdered children's mute and eyeless sculls Glared ghastily upon me. 1837 F. Marryat Snarleyyow (ed. 2) II. x. 203 Vanslyperken grinned ghastly. b. In a frightened manner, timidly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adverb] arghlyc1000 eislichec1175 faintly1297 fearedly1488 sheepishly1528 fearfully1548 timorously1548 tremblingly1552 sheepish1581 ghastly1589 frightfully1621 timidly1656 meticulouslya1682 fearingly1820 fearsomely1876 scarily1880 tremulously1886 mousily1910 1589 R. Robinson Golden Mirrour sig. B.2v And at the gase I gastly quaking stood. 1599 Warning for Faire Women ii. 706 Why stop you on the sudden? why go you not? What makes you looke so gastly towards the house? a1628 F. Greville Life of Sidney (1651) xii. 145 He saw a poor Souldier carryed along..gastly casting up his eyes at the bottle. 1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel 92 None understood what the matter was with me, that I lookt so sadly and ghastly on it. 2. Qualifying an adjective ghastly pale: deathly pale. ghastly sick: †sick unto death; also, frightfully sick. ΚΠ 1653 H. More Antidote against Atheism in Coll. Philos. Writings (1712) iii. x. 118 His Nose was entire and full, not sharp, as in those that are gastly sick, or quite dead. 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 28 Her face was ghastly pale, and perhaps rendered more so by the bluish light of the fire. 1862 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 127 I am less ghastly sick. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.c1305adv.1589 |
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