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单词 gameto-
释义

gameto-comb. form

Stress is determined by a range of factors though some degree of stress is usually maintained on the first or second syllables of this combining form.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: gamete n., -o- connective.
Etymology: < gamete n. + -o- connective.Formations are found from the late 19th cent.
Biology.
Forming terms relating to gametes.See also gametophore n., gametophyte n.
gametoblast n.
Brit. /ˈɡamᵻtə(ʊ)blɑːst/
,
/ˈɡamᵻtə(ʊ)blast/
,
/ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)blɑːst/
,
/ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)blast/
,
U.S. /ɡəˈmidəˌblæst/
,
/ˈɡæmədəˌblæst/
now rare a cell from which a gametocyte or gamete develops; spec. a sporozoite in certain protozoans.
ΚΠ
1900 R. Ross et al. Rep. Malaria Exped. (Liverpool School Trop. Med.) 27 Professor Ray Lankester has recently been kind enough to suggest terms which..may be liked by many. He suggests..‘gametoblasts’, or even simply ‘filiform young’ for the blasts.
1948 Ecol. Monogr. 18 276/1 Sexual reproduction (gametogony) is initiated and gametoblasts differentiate into male and female sex cells.
1993 Y. Tanada & H. K. Kaya Insect Pathol. xii. 424 The merozoite again produces oval multinucleate bodies resulting in two types of schizogony: a merogony..and a gametogony to produce gametocytes (gametoblasts).
gametocyst n.
Brit. /ˈɡamᵻtə(ʊ)sɪst/
,
/ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)sɪst/
,
U.S. /ɡəˈmidəˌsɪst/
,
/ˈɡæmədəˌsɪst/
(a) = macrogamete n. (rare); (b) Botany a unicellular gametangium (now rare); (c) a structure containing gametocytes or gametes in certain protozoans.
ΚΠ
1901 Cent. Mag. Apr. 944 (caption) Female of sexual form, or gametocyst.
1904 Bot. Gaz. 38 241 Unicellular structures developing uninucleate gametes.—These organs may be called collectively gametocysts.
1926 C. M. Wenyon Protozool. I. i. 134 A cyst may be formed around two gametocytes, as in the case of gregarines. It is then distinguished as a gametocyst.
1961 R. D. Manwell Introd. Protozool. xxiii. 460 After a period of youthful wandering about its host's gut, it [sc. the young gregarine] picks a partner and the pair become encysted in a primary protective envelope known as a ‘gametocyst’.
2005 Behavioural Ecol. & Sociobiol. 59 224/2 We identified gregarine infections by searching for the large, opaque spheres (gametocysts) that occur exclusively in the hemocoel of the gaster of infected wasps.
gametocyte n.
Brit. /ˈɡamᵻtə(ʊ)sʌɪt/
,
/ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)sʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ɡəˈmidəˌsaɪt/
,
/ˈɡæmədəˌsaɪt/
a cell that gives rise to gametes, esp. in certain protozoans.
ΚΠ
1899 R. Ross in Nature 3 Aug. 322/2 The [malaria] parasites reach their highest development within the vertebrate host, and become either (a) sporocytes or (b) gametocytes.
1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) vii. 594 The nucleus of each gametocyte now divides successively to form a number..of gamete-nuclei which pass to the periphery and here are budded off..to form minute true gametes.
2008 Star (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 25 Apr. 98 Occasionally, sexual forms of the [malaria] parasites (called gametocytes) develop in the blood. These are the forms that reproduce in the mosquito if ingested.
gametocytogenesis n.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻtə(ʊ)sʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/
,
/ɡəˌmiːtə(ʊ)sʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/
,
U.S. /ɡəˌmidəˌsaɪdəˈdʒɛnəsəs/
,
/ˌɡæmədəˌsaɪdəˈdʒɛnəsəs/
the formation of gametocytes, esp. as the beginning of the sexual stage of the life cycle in certain protozoans.
ΚΠ
1953 Acta Geneticae Medicae & Gemellologiae 2 294 The detection of suitable experimental objects..enabled the investigators to make a more detailed study of the finest movements of the nucleus in karyokinesis, in gametocytogenesis, and in fecundation.
1956 Jrnl. Parasitol. 42 589 Treatment of the recrudescence with sulphonamides failed to induce any appreciable gametocytogenesis.
1985 Jrnl. Parasitol. 71 508/2 Gametocytogenesis was found to be consistently higher for isolates cultured in medium supplemented with human, as compared to bovine serum.
2010 Molecular & Biochem. Parasitol. 172 60/2 Discovery of the molecular mechanism that triggers gametocytogenesis is arguably the ‘Holy Grail’ of malaria parasite biology.
gametogenesis n.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻtə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/
,
/ɡəˌmiːtə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/
,
U.S. /ɡəˌmidəˈdʒɛnəsəs/
,
/ˌɡæmədəˈdʒɛnəsəs/
the formation of gametes.
ΚΠ
1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 38 In the earliest stages of gametogenesis there is little, if any, distinction between male and female cells.
1922 R. C. Punnett Mendelism (ed. 6) 124 During the gametogenesis of the F1 plant.
1966 F. A. E. Crew Found. Genetics viii. 154 The essential features of gametogenesis are the pairing or conjugation of the two members of each of homologous chromosomes, their separation without any longitudinal splitting and their passage into the nuclei of the two daughter cells.
2011 J. E. Richards & R. S. Hawley Human Genome (ed. 3) vi. 209 Gametogenesis produces four sperm from a single meiotic event in a male, but only one egg from a single meiotic event in a female.
gametogenic adj.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻtə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪk/
,
/ɡəˌmiːtə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪk/
,
U.S. /ɡəˌmidəˈdʒɛnɪk/
,
/ˌɡæmədəˈdʒɛnɪk/
giving rise to gametes or (rarely) other reproductive cells; of or relating to gametogenesis.
ΚΠ
1891 M. Hartog in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. Dec. 48 The gametogenic processes in the Metazoa are strangely uniform as compared with the wide range of organic differentiation they present.
1903 J. B. Farmer et al. in Proc. Royal Soc. 72 500 The term gametogenic, as here proposed, is also intended to include the primary sporogenous tissue of plants.
1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes xxii. 395/1 Long days..and warm temperature cause gonadal recrudescence (resumption of gametogenic activity).
gametogenous adj.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻˈtɒdʒᵻnəs/
,
U.S. /ˌɡæməˈtɑdʒənəs/
now rare = gametogenic adj.
ΚΠ
1899 Bot. Gaz. 28 57 If sporogenous tissue is not developed, it [sc. reduction division] would seem more likely to occur in gametogenous tissue..than in ordinary nutritive tissue.
1945 Jrnl. Parasitol. 31 107 The development of resistance to infection..was not a function of the gametogenous phase in the life cycle.
2007 D. H. Percy & S. W. Barthold Pathol. Lab. Rodents & Rabbits (ed. 3) v. 237 The diagnosis is usually based on..the gametogenous stages in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells.
gametogeny n.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻˈtɒdʒəni/
,
/ˌɡamᵻˈtɒdʒn̩i/
,
U.S. /ˌɡæməˈtɑdʒəni/
now rare (a) = gametogenesis n.; (b) = gametogony n.
ΚΠ
1891 M. Hartog in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. Dec. 12 (heading) Comparative gametogeny in the vegetable kingdom.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 139/1 Gametogeny is the name applied to the formation of the gametes, i.e., of the ova and spermatozoa.
1999 Jrnl. Parasitol. 85 610/1 Multiple merozoites were seen invading the host cell and at what appeared to be the initial stages of gametogeny.
gametogony n.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻˈtɒɡəni/
,
U.S. /ˌɡæməˈtɑɡəni/
the formation of gametes during the sexual stage of the life cycle in certain protozoans; the sexual stage itself.
ΚΠ
1906 Zool. Rec. 42 xviii. 44 Gametogony and conjugation in Microklossia.
1916 H. B. Fantham et al. Animal Parasites of Man 143 The trophozoites begin to show sexual differentiation instead of forming schizonts, that is, gametogony commences.
2004 Jrnl. Avian Med. & Surg. 18 75 Gametogony, the sexual phase of the life cycle, follows in the intestinal cells with the production of oocysts.
gametonucleus n.
Brit. /ˌɡamᵻtəʊˈnjuːklɪəs/
,
/ɡəˌmiːtəʊˈnjuːklɪəs/
,
U.S. /ɡəˌmidoʊˈn(j)ukliəs/
,
/ˌɡæmədoʊˈn(j)ukliəs/
now rare the nucleus of a gamete.
ΚΠ
1891 M. Hartog in Nature 17 Sept. 484/1 Symphytic [gamete]: the gameto-nucleus is formed by the union of several nuclei.
1899 Ann. Bot. 13 159 It is not easy to see the male gameto-nucleus while still at the periphery of the egg, but the female gameto-nucleus in the middle is very obvious.
1917 Amer. Naturalist 51 723 The gametonuclei of this myxosporidian fuse together after it leaves the spore and form by one subsequent division two nuclei.
gametospore n.
Brit. /ˈɡamᵻtə(ʊ)spɔː/
,
/ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)spɔː/
,
U.S. /ɡəˈmidəˌspɔr/
,
/ˈɡæmədəˌspɔr/
[compare German Gametospore (1893 or earlier)] now rare a spore or spore-like form resulting from the fusion of gametes.
ΚΠ
1900 R. Ross et al. Rep. Malaria Exped. (Liverpool School Trop. Med.) 27 Professor Ray Lankester has recently been kind enough to suggest terms which..may be liked by many. He suggests..‘gametospore’ for zygote; ‘nomospore’ for the asexually produced spore.
1907 C. C. Curtis Nature & Developm. Plants i. iv. 109 Finally the two gametes unite forming a single cell. This body is a sexually formed spore or gametospore, and like the ordinary spore has the power to germinate and produce a plant.
2004 P. W. Morgan & M. C. Drew in L. D. Noodén Plant Cell Death Processes ii. 29 Gametospore degeneration in the fern Marsilea vestita exhibits characteristics of apoptosis.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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