Garifunan.adj.

Brit.

/ɡəˈriːfʌnə/,

/ˌɡɑːriːˈfuːnə/, U.S.

/ɡəˈrifənə/,

/ˌɡɑriˈfunə/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Garifunas.

Forms: 1900s– Garifuna, 1900s– Garífuna, 1900s– Karifouna, 1900s– Karifuna, 1900s– Kariphuna.

Origin: A borrowing from Garifuna. Etymon: Garifuna Garífuna.

Etymology: < Garifuna Garífuna, self-designation < the same Proto-Cariban word as is reflected by Carib n. Compare Garinagu n. Compare also earlier Black Carib n.

A. n.

1. An Arawakan language spoken in parts of the Caribbean and Central America, the vocabulary of which is strongly influenced by Carib and other languages; = Black Carib n. 2.

1901 C. F. Pascoe 200 Years of S.P.G. xxx. 239a The Rev. J. F. Laughton acquired a knowledge of the Carib language, and translated portions of the New Testament and of the Prayer-book into Garifuna or Carib.

1983 N.Y. Times 10 Aug. x. 4/5 Garifuna and Maya Ketchi are among the languages of Indians who live in Belize.

1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 21/2 Arawakan, a family of vast range,..and including Black Carib or Garifuna (perhaps 100,000 speakers in Central American countries) and Guajiro.

2002 Black Music Res. Jrnl. (Nexis) 22 Sept. 189 Today the Caribs of Dominica refer to themselves as Karifouna, whereas the Black Caribs of Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua have always believed themselves to be Garinagu (the people), speaking Garifuna (the language).

2. A member of a people descended from African former slaves and the indigenous Caribs of St Vincent in the Lesser Antilles, and subsequently dispersed over parts of the Central American mainland and some Caribbean islands, especially Roatan; = Black Carib n. 1.Strictly speaking, Garifuna is the term for a member of this people, while the term for the people as a whole is Garinagu n.

ΘΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Indian of Central or South America > [noun] > peoples of Central America

Chichimeca1578

Miskito1697

Tiwa1710

Nahuatlaca1775

Otomi1782

Aztec1787

Mazahua1787

Mixteca1787

Totonac1787

Zapotec1797

Chichimec1809

Quiché1823

Mayo1829

Seri1829

Mixtec1852

Olmec1852

Mogollon1855

Mimbres1859

Yaqui1861

Cuna1868

Tzeltal1868

Nahuatl1873

Huastec1874

Tarahumara1874

Tlapanec1874

Bribri1875

Nahua1875

Mangue1876

Mazatec1878

Subtiaba1891

Tequistlatec1891

Trique1891

Nahuatlan1897

Huichol1900

Mixtecan1900

Tarascan1931

Mixe–Zoque1957

Mixteco1972

Garifuna1977

Mixean1982

Garinagu1983

Mixe–Zoquean1989

1977 Current Anthropol. 18 122/2 The efforts of people,..oriented toward raising the self-image of Garifuna themselves,..would seem to have positive value... They are at least pointed in a direction useful to the Garifuna.

1982 T. Kessner & B. Boyd Caroli Today's Immigrants (1983) xi. 284 Later a curious Honduran went to see him and recognized that he was a Garifuna.

1987 Internat. Migration Rev. 21 12 In-depth interviews of ten Garifunas indicate that these migrants of Afro-Caribbean origin are unique among the undocumented Latino population in Houston.

2000 Eng. Hist. Rev. 115 724 Tribal and racial self-labelling also comes under scrutiny, from a micro-study of the Karifuna of Dominica..to the repeated questioning of ‘black’ and ‘white’ as hard-and-fast classifications.

2009 M. Anderson Black & Indigenous i. 59 A tendency among some mestizos and Garifuna to use the terms ‘moreno’ and ‘negro’ interchangeably ignores distinctions between Garifuna and Creoles.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, or designating this people, their culture, or their language.

1977 Los Angeles Sentinel 6 Oct. c3 (caption) Colorful costumes and cheerful smiles are plentiful among the Garifuna Peoples.

1983 N.Y. Times 2 July i. 2/2 Hondurans of all races say the Garífuna culture has been integrated into Honduran life—the national dance troupe has some Garífuna dances in its repertoire.

1992 E. Hoagland Balancing Acts 189 Elmo drove us to Dangriga (a Garifuna word meaning ‘Standing Water’).

2000 P. Moore Full Montezuma (2001) xv. 233 Livingston was one of the few Garifuna communities in Guatemala.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	garifuna
释义	Garifunan.adj. Brit. /ɡəˈriːfʌnə/, /ˌɡɑːriːˈfuːnə/, U.S. /ɡəˈrifənə/, /ˌɡɑriˈfunə/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Garifunas. Forms: 1900s– Garifuna, 1900s– Garífuna, 1900s– Karifouna, 1900s– Karifuna, 1900s– Kariphuna. Origin: A borrowing from Garifuna. Etymon: Garifuna Garífuna. Etymology: < Garifuna Garífuna, self-designation < the same Proto-Cariban word as is reflected by Carib n. Compare Garinagu n. Compare also earlier Black Carib n. A. n. 1. An Arawakan language spoken in parts of the Caribbean and Central America, the vocabulary of which is strongly influenced by Carib and other languages; = Black Carib n. 2. Π 1901 C. F. Pascoe 200 Years of S.P.G. xxx. 239a The Rev. J. F. Laughton acquired a knowledge of the Carib language, and translated portions of the New Testament and of the Prayer-book into Garifuna or Carib. 1983 N.Y. Times 10 Aug. x. 4/5 Garifuna and Maya Ketchi are among the languages of Indians who live in Belize. 1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 21/2 Arawakan, a family of vast range,..and including Black Carib or Garifuna (perhaps 100,000 speakers in Central American countries) and Guajiro. 2002 Black Music Res. Jrnl. (Nexis) 22 Sept. 189 Today the Caribs of Dominica refer to themselves as Karifouna, whereas the Black Caribs of Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua have always believed themselves to be Garinagu (the people), speaking Garifuna (the language). 2. A member of a people descended from African former slaves and the indigenous Caribs of St Vincent in the Lesser Antilles, and subsequently dispersed over parts of the Central American mainland and some Caribbean islands, especially Roatan; = Black Carib n. 1.Strictly speaking, Garifuna is the term for a member of this people, while the term for the people as a whole is Garinagu n. ΘΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Indian of Central or South America > [noun] > peoples of Central America Chichimeca1578 Miskito1697 Tiwa1710 Nahuatlaca1775 Otomi1782 Aztec1787 Mazahua1787 Mixteca1787 Totonac1787 Zapotec1797 Chichimec1809 Quiché1823 Mayo1829 Seri1829 Mixtec1852 Olmec1852 Mogollon1855 Mimbres1859 Yaqui1861 Cuna1868 Tzeltal1868 Nahuatl1873 Huastec1874 Tarahumara1874 Tlapanec1874 Bribri1875 Nahua1875 Mangue1876 Mazatec1878 Subtiaba1891 Tequistlatec1891 Trique1891 Nahuatlan1897 Huichol1900 Mixtecan1900 Tarascan1931 Mixe–Zoque1957 Mixteco1972 Garifuna1977 Mixean1982 Garinagu1983 Mixe–Zoquean1989 1977 Current Anthropol. 18 122/2 The efforts of people,..oriented toward raising the self-image of Garifuna themselves,..would seem to have positive value... They are at least pointed in a direction useful to the Garifuna. 1982 T. Kessner & B. Boyd Caroli Today's Immigrants (1983) xi. 284 Later a curious Honduran went to see him and recognized that he was a Garifuna. 1987 Internat. Migration Rev. 21 12 In-depth interviews of ten Garifunas indicate that these migrants of Afro-Caribbean origin are unique among the undocumented Latino population in Houston. 2000 Eng. Hist. Rev. 115 724 Tribal and racial self-labelling also comes under scrutiny, from a micro-study of the Karifuna of Dominica..to the repeated questioning of ‘black’ and ‘white’ as hard-and-fast classifications. 2009 M. Anderson Black & Indigenous i. 59 A tendency among some mestizos and Garifuna to use the terms ‘moreno’ and ‘negro’ interchangeably ignores distinctions between Garifuna and Creoles. B. adj. Of, relating to, or designating this people, their culture, or their language. Π 1977 Los Angeles Sentinel 6 Oct. c3 (caption) Colorful costumes and cheerful smiles are plentiful among the Garifuna Peoples. 1983 N.Y. Times 2 July i. 2/2 Hondurans of all races say the Garífuna culture has been integrated into Honduran life—the national dance troupe has some Garífuna dances in its repertoire. 1992 E. Hoagland Balancing Acts 189 Elmo drove us to Dangriga (a Garifuna word meaning ‘Standing Water’). 2000 P. Moore Full Montezuma (2001) xv. 233 Livingston was one of the few Garifuna communities in Guatemala. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1901
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