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单词 fungin
释义

funginn.

Brit. /ˈfʌn(d)ʒᵻn/, /ˈfʌŋɡᵻn/, U.S. /ˈfəndʒən/, /ˈfəŋɡən/
Forms: 1800s–1900s fungin, 1800s– fungine.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fungus n., -in suffix1.
Etymology: < fungus n. + -in suffix1. In sense 1 after French fungine (H. Braconnot 1811, in Ann. de chim. et de phys. 79 266; now historical); sense 2 may show an independent formation within English.
Now historical.
1. An insoluble nitrogenous polysaccharide which is a major constituent of the cell walls of fungi (later identified as chitin).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of > cells and tissue
chive1721
spawn1731
mushroom spawn1753
volva1753
ring1777
veil1777
curtain1796
wrapper1796
fungin1813
subiculum1821
cortina1832
velum1832
mycelium1836
uterus1836
gleba1847
hypostroma1855
sulcus1856
rhizopod1859
tigellule1860
trichophore1860
hypha1866
hypothecium1866
rhizopodium1866
annulus1871
capillitium1871
acervulus1872
weft1875
capsule1883
clamp-connection1887
periphysis1887
chain gemma1893
trumpet hypha1900
metula1915
monokaryon1935
1813 Tradesman May 392/2 Mr. Braconnot commences with the description of a particular modification of vegetable matter, not found hitherto in any other substances, but which abounds in most of the champignons. He gives it the name of fungine, and it has the following properties.
1819 J. G. Children Ess. Chem. Anal. 299 Fungin is to the fungi, what woody fibre is to trees.
1869 Eng. Mech. 17 Dec. 333/1 The nutritive part is in the fungin, and the poison in the acid or juices.
1908 Bot. Gaz. 45 272 The cell membrane consists chiefly of chitin, or an allied substance, fungin, true cellulose and true wood material never having been found in fungi.
2011 T. Kean & M. Thanou in P. A. Williams Renewable Resources Functional Polymers & Biomaterials x. 292 Chitin was originally termed fungine when discovered in mushrooms by Braconnot in 1811. Later, in 1823, when found in the elytrum of the cockchafer beetle by Odier, it was named chitin.
2. A toxic substance found in fungi. Obsolete.The relationship of this substance to that in sense 1 is unclear.
ΚΠ
1815 Monthly Mag. May 290/1 All are agreed that the cherry is a most dangerous fruit... Its fluids seem to be difficultly digestible, and probably contain a principle analogous to albumen, or a peculiar one, as fungin, asparagin, &c.
1847 G. W. Johnson Cucumber & Gooseberry (Gardener's Monthly Vol.) 10 Fungin, the constituent which imparts a poisonous quality to some of the mushroom tribe.
1859 Times 13 Oct. 7/4 The appearance of the corpse was remarkable as indicative of the cause [of] death;..besides considerable frothy exudation from the mouth, which smelt strongly of fungine, advanced decomposition had taken place within 24 hours.
1882 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 25 Nov. 1034/2 The fungi were fine young healthy mushrooms, pink-gilled. Still the stomach was paralysed..; and it may be that fungin may be taken, in poisonous quantity, by partaking too largely of this agreeable esculent.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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