fulyien.¹

Brit.

/ˈfʊl(j)i/, U.S.

/ˈfʊl(j)i/, Scottish English

/ˈful(j)ɪ/

Forms: pre-1700 foilé, pre-1700 foilȝie, pre-1700 folȝie, pre-1700 follȝe, pre-1700 foulay, pre-1700 fouley, pre-1700 foulȝie, pre-1700 foulȝie, pre-1700 foulie, pre-1700 foylȝe, pre-1700 foylie, pre-1700 foyllie, pre-1700 fuilȝe, pre-1700 fuilȝie, pre-1700 fuilley, pre-1700 fuillie, pre-1700 fuilyie, pre-1700 fulȝe, pre-1700 fulȝee, pre-1700 fulȝie, pre-1700 fullȝe, pre-1700 fulye, pre-1700 fulze, pre-1700 fwilȝe, pre-1700 fwylȝe, pre-1700 1700s–1900s fulzie, 1700s ffulzie, 1700s foulyie, 1700s–1800s foulzie, 1700s 2000s– fulyie, 1800s fulsie, 1800s– fuilzie.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: fulyie v.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < fulyie v., reflecting an underlying sense ‘that which is trampled underfoot’; compare later foil n.³, which appears to show similar semantic development.The form of this word appears to have been influenced from an early date by association with foul adj.

Scottish. Now rare.

1. Excrement; droppings of cattle or sheep; manure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > fertilizing or manuring > [noun] > dunging > dung

dungOE

muckc1268

dunging?1440

fimea1475

fulyiec1480

tath1492

soil1607

street soil1607

dung-water1608

soiling1610

mucking1611

short dung, manure, muck1618

folding1626

muck water1626

stable manure1629

long dung1658

spit-dunga1671

stercoration1694

street dirt1694

horse-litter1721

pot-dunga1722

sock1790

street manure1793

police manure1825

fold-manure1829

slurry1965

c1480 (a1400) St. Martha l. 44 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 286 Quha to fle mad hyme faste, his foylȝe [L. stercus] eftir hyme cane he [sc. the dragon] caste.

1492 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 289/2 Þe tatht & fulȝe of þe said nolt & scheip.

1595 in W. M. Metcalfe Charters & Documents Burgh of Paisley (1902) 162 The said John haifing cassin furtht sum foulȝie furtht of his barne.

1653 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 260 It sall not be lisome to any landwart..man to buy ony fuilȝie..quhill efter the first of May nixt.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 308 The Master's Foot is the best Foulzie.

1802 in W. Mure Select. Family Papers Caldwell (1854) I. 313 [The tenants] shall leave the whole dung or fuilzie made on the farm..on the accustomed place.

1869 M. M'Lennan Peasant Life 135 Poor silly worker in byres and fulzie!

2000 J. Robertson Fanatic 183 She's nae innocent, she didna resist him, she's as deep in the fulyie as himsel.

2. Domestic or municipal refuse; the sweepings of the streets; rubbish; filth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dirt removed in cleaning > from streets

fulyie1538

scavage1706

scavenger-stuff1787

1538 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 154 That thai nor nane of their seruandis cast thair assis nor fulze on the gait within the portis of this towne.

1605 in R. Renwick Abstr. Protocols Town Clerks Glasgow (1900) X. 132 The bailleis and counsell..ordanis the awneris of the fulȝie and middingis to remove thair fulȝie.

1692 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1790) 203 The muck and fulzie of the towne.

1714 Extracts Burgh Rec. Stirling (1889) 136 Every nighbour in the Backrow remove their middins off the mercat place, streets, and doors, and keep the same clean of all filth and fulyie in time coming.

1786 Caledonian Mercury 14 June All the Dung or Fulzie of and upon the public streets of the said burgh.

1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvi, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 755 When towns' bodies..are pestilential wi' filth and foulzie.

1833 Act 3 & 4 William IV c. 46 §111 Scavengers..to remove the dung or fuilzie thereof.

1863 Daily Rev. 22 Oct. They received about £7000 for the fulzie of the town.

1897 P. H. Hunter John Armiger's Revenge 170 They're a' round it in a jiffy, like sea-maws [sc. seagulls] to toun fulzie.

1904 County & Munic. Rec. 5 July 229/2 It renewed the order for streets being made clean once every week by each person opposite his own land, or by those who got the fulzie of the close.

2011 E. J. Cowan & L. Henderson Hist. Everyday Life Medieval Scotl. xi. 269 On 16 July 1608 the council decreed..that all fulyie was to be cleared within fifteen days and was no longer to be stockpiled.

Compounds

† fulyie man n. Obsolete a scavenger.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > [noun] > one who

mucker1229

raker1327

canel raker?1518

masser-scourer?1518

scavenger1530

sweep-street1553

channel raker1575

broom-man1592

broom-boy1593

gutter-master1607

rake-kennel1707

fulyie man1826

road sweeper1832

crossing-sweeper1841

street orderly1848

orderly1851

scavager1851

scaffy1853

broomer1857

sweep1858

roader1883

1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 103 A gin-shower aneuch to sicken a fulzie-man.

1913 J. Service Memorables Robin Cummell 5 What a ragged regiment o' scowrie-leukin' tinklers, fuilzie men, and gaberlunzie rascals.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† fulyien.²

Forms: pre-1700 fuell, pre-1700 fuilȝie, pre-1700 fuilzie, pre-1700 fulȝe, pre-1700 1800s fulye, 1800s foolyie, 1800s fulzie.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: foil n.¹

Etymology: Scots variant of foil n.¹With forms in -z- compare discussion at Z n.

Scottish. Obsolete.

1. A leaf.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun]

leafeOE

foil14..

fillec1450

fulyiec1485

blade1787

phyllome1875

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxvi. 100 Herbis and flouris and fuellis rottis and drawis till a fadand hewe.

a1500 Liber Pluscardensis (Marchm.) (1877) I. 381 God of nature, quhilk all the eird honouris With fruyt and fulye, with herbe.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 89 Euery faill Ourfret with fulȝeis of figuris full diuers.

1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 113 Sae thick they [sc. Bees] owr the fulzies stalk.

2. Gold leaf.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate

gold-foil1398

gold party1461

fulyie1488

rattle-gold1508

gold plate1549

gold leaf1573

leaf gold1576

feuille1662

gilt leaf1674

ormolu1765

gold plating1843

gold leafing1858

1488 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 85 A buke with levis of gold, with xiij levis of gold fulȝe.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. ciiii The fulye of the fyne gold fell in the feild.

1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Actilia Partial gilt, with spranges or streames of Gold fuilȝie.

1694 in A. W. C. Hallen Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 171 To marie jossie againe to give for more gold fuilzie, etc.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Fulye 2. Leaf gold..We still use fulye in the same sense, without the addition of the term gold.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† fulyiev.

Forms: pre-1700 fuilȝe, pre-1700 fulȝe, pre-1700 fulye, 1700s foolzie, 1700s–1900s fulzie, 1800s foolyie, 1800s fuilzie.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: foil v.¹

Etymology: Variant of foil v.¹ (see discussion at that entry). With sense 1 compare earlier full v.² 2. With sense 2 compare earlier file v.² and foul v.¹

Scottish. Obsolete.

1. transitive. To trample on; to injure, destroy; to defeat, overcome. Cf. foil v.¹

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome

overcomeeOE

shendc893

awinc1000

overwinOE

overheaveOE

to lay downa1225

mate?c1225

discomfitc1230

win1297

dauntc1300

cumber1303

scomfit1303

fenkc1320

to bear downc1330

confoundc1330

confusec1330

to do, put arrear1330

oversetc1330

vanquishc1330

conquerc1374

overthrowc1375

oppressc1380

outfighta1382

to put downa1382

discomfortc1384

threshc1384

vencuea1400

depressc1400

venque?1402

ding?a1425

cumrayc1425

to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425

to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430

distrussc1430

supprisec1440

ascomfita1450

to do stress?c1450

victorya1470

to make (win) a conquest1477

convanquish1483

conquest1485

defeat1485

oversailc1485

conques1488

discomfish1488

fulyie1488

distress1489

overpress1489

cravent1490

utter?1533

to give (a person) the overthrow1536

debel1542

convince1548

foil1548

out-war1548

profligate1548

proflige?c1550

expugnate1568

expugn1570

victor1576

dismay1596

damnify1598

triumph1605

convict1607

overman1609

thrash1609

beat1611

debellate1611

import1624

to cut to (or in) pieces1632

maitrise1636

worst1636

forcea1641

outfight1650

outgeneral1767

to cut up1803

smash1813

slosh1890

ream1918

hammer1948

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)]

mareOE

shendOE

hinderc1000

amarOE

awemc1275

noyc1300

touchc1300

bleche1340

blemisha1375

spill1377

misdoa1387

grieve1390

damagea1400

despoil?a1400

matea1400

snapea1400

mankc1400

overthrowa1425

tamec1430

undermine1430

blunder1440

depaira1460

adommage?1473

endamage1477

prejudicec1487

fulyie1488

martyra1500

dyscrase?1504

corrupt1526

mangle1534

danger1538

destroy1542

spoil1563

ruinate1564

ruin1567

wrake1570

injury1579

bane1587

massacre1589

ravish1594

wrong1595

rifle1604

tainta1616

mutilea1618

to do violence toa1625

flaw1665

stun1676

quail1682

maul1694

moil1698

damnify1712

margullie1721

maul1782

buga1790

mux1806

queer1818

batter1840

puckeroo1840

rim-rack1841

pretty1868

garbage1899

savage1899

to do in1905

strafe1915

mash1924

blow1943

nuke1967

mung1969

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > with the foot > downwards > trample

treadc825

overtreadOE

to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175

defoulc1290

foil13..

to-treada1382

foula1400

fulyie1488

overgo1488

trample1530

tramp1533

conculcate1570

trample1577

overtrample1589

tramp1596

inculcate1598

stramplea1610

calcate1623

scrunch1861

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 22 Hagis, alais, be laubour that was thar Fulȝeit and spilt.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 456 Sone wndir feit fulȝeid was men of wer.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. ciiii^v He..Pertly put with his pith at his pesane And fulyeit of the fyne maill may yan fyfty.

1571 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. 190 Forayne forces..Quha fuilȝeit syne thair fredome, force, and fame.

a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. l. 54158 Seand his men so fulȝeit in that fecht.

1739 in Caledonian Mag. (1788) 503 Tam Tull upon him kiest his ee, Saw him sae mony foolzie.

2. transitive. To defile, befoul; to dishonour; to violate (a woman). Also intransitive: to defecate.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > a woman

forliec1275

defoulc1290

dishonour1393

defilea1400

file?a1400

spilla1400

foilc1440

diviciatec1470

foul?1473

fulyie1505

vitiate1547

dishonest1565

fray1567

out1922

1505 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 106 Ony hors..on the hie gaitt eittand on the gait or fuilȝeand the samyn.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. v. i. f. 54/2 He with vnbridillit lust fulȝeit his anttis.

c1626 H. Bisset Rolment Courtis (1920) I. 43 He that fuilȝeis ane uther mannis bed, salbe put to death.

1720 A. Ramsay Poems 190 She'll [sc. Fortune] be fair to gar us fulzie, And cry for Quarter.

1879 P. H. Waddell Isaiah intil Scottis xxiii. 9 Till fulzie the skeigh o' sic floir, an' till scorn a' the mighty on yirth.

1913 H. P. Cameron tr. Thomas à Kempis Of Imitation of Christ iii. xxxi. 136 For a' flesh hed fulzied its wye, an' tharfor the grit spate cam doon upon't.

Derivatives

fulyeit adj. exhausted, worn out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [adjective]

wearyc825

asadc1306

ateyntc1325

attaintc1325

recrayed1340

methefula1350

for-wearya1375

matea1375

taintc1380

heavy1382

fortireda1400

methefula1400

afoundered?a1425

tewedc1440

travailedc1440

wearisomec1460

fatigate1471

defatigatec1487

tired1488

recreant1490

yolden?1507

fulyeit?a1513

traiked?a1513

tavert1535

wearied1538

fatigated1552

awearya1555

forwearied1562

overtired1567

spenta1568

done1575

awearied1577

stank1579

languishinga1586

bankrupt?1589

fordone1590

spent1591

overwearied1592

overworn1592

outworn1597

half-dead1601

back-broken1603

tiry1611

defatigated1612

dog-wearya1616

overweary1617

exhaust1621

worn-out1639

embossed1651

outspent1652

exhausted1667

beaten1681

bejaded1687

harassed1693

jaded1693

lassate1694

defeata1732

beat out1758

fagged1764

dog-tired1770

fessive1773

done-up1784

forjeskit1786

ramfeezled1786

done-over1789

fatigued1791

forfoughten1794

worn-up1812

dead1813

out-burnta1821

prostrate1820

dead beat1822

told out1822

bone-tireda1825

traiky1825

overfatigued1834

outwearied1837

done like (a) dinner1838

magged1839

used up1839

tuckered outc1840

drained1855

floored1857

weariful1862

wappered1868

bushed1870

bezzled1875

dead-beaten1875

down1885

tucked up1891

ready (or fit) to drop1892

buggered-up1893

ground-down1897

played1897

veal-bled1899

stove-up1901

trachled1910

ragged1912

beat up1914

done in1917

whacked1919

washy1922

pooped1928

shattered1930

punchy1932

shagged1932

shot1939

whipped1940

buggered1942

flaked (out)1942

fucked1949

sold-out1958

wiped1958

burnt out1959

wrung out1962

juiced1965

hanging1971

zonked1972

maxed1978

raddled1978

zoned1980

cream crackered1983

a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 42 Birdis..lattis thair fulȝeit feiris flie quhair thai pleis.

a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 43 Nother febill nor fant nor fulȝeit in labour.

1579 Edinb. Test. VII. 75 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Fulʒeit Foure auld fuilȝeit hattis.

fulyear n. a person who dishonours or violates women.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman > one who

deflowererc1540

fulyearc1540

defiler1551

debaucher1631

undoer1703

dishonourer1755

devirginator1889

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. viii. vii. f. 98/1 He wes ane..fulȝear of matronis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.¹c1480

n.²c1485

v.1488

单词	fulyie
释义	fulyien.¹ Brit. /ˈfʊl(j)i/, U.S. /ˈfʊl(j)i/, Scottish English /ˈful(j)ɪ/ Forms: pre-1700 foilé, pre-1700 foilȝie, pre-1700 folȝie, pre-1700 follȝe, pre-1700 foulay, pre-1700 fouley, pre-1700 foulȝie, pre-1700 foulȝie, pre-1700 foulie, pre-1700 foylȝe, pre-1700 foylie, pre-1700 foyllie, pre-1700 fuilȝe, pre-1700 fuilȝie, pre-1700 fuilley, pre-1700 fuillie, pre-1700 fuilyie, pre-1700 fulȝe, pre-1700 fulȝee, pre-1700 fulȝie, pre-1700 fullȝe, pre-1700 fulye, pre-1700 fulze, pre-1700 fwilȝe, pre-1700 fwylȝe, pre-1700 1700s–1900s fulzie, 1700s ffulzie, 1700s foulyie, 1700s–1800s foulzie, 1700s 2000s– fulyie, 1800s fulsie, 1800s– fuilzie. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: fulyie v. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < fulyie v., reflecting an underlying sense ‘that which is trampled underfoot’; compare later foil n.³, which appears to show similar semantic development.The form of this word appears to have been influenced from an early date by association with foul adj. Scottish. Now rare. 1. Excrement; droppings of cattle or sheep; manure. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > fertilizing or manuring > [noun] > dunging > dung dungOE muckc1268 dunging?1440 fimea1475 fulyiec1480 tath1492 soil1607 street soil1607 dung-water1608 soiling1610 mucking1611 short dung, manure, muck1618 folding1626 muck water1626 stable manure1629 long dung1658 spit-dunga1671 stercoration1694 street dirt1694 horse-litter1721 pot-dunga1722 sock1790 street manure1793 police manure1825 fold-manure1829 slurry1965 c1480 (a1400) St. Martha l. 44 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 286 Quha to fle mad hyme faste, his foylȝe [L. stercus] eftir hyme cane he [sc. the dragon] caste. 1492 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 289/2 Þe tatht & fulȝe of þe said nolt & scheip. 1595 in W. M. Metcalfe Charters & Documents Burgh of Paisley (1902) 162 The said John haifing cassin furtht sum foulȝie furtht of his barne. 1653 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 260 It sall not be lisome to any landwart..man to buy ony fuilȝie..quhill efter the first of May nixt. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 308 The Master's Foot is the best Foulzie. 1802 in W. Mure Select. Family Papers Caldwell (1854) I. 313 [The tenants] shall leave the whole dung or fuilzie made on the farm..on the accustomed place. 1869 M. M'Lennan Peasant Life 135 Poor silly worker in byres and fulzie! 2000 J. Robertson Fanatic 183 She's nae innocent, she didna resist him, she's as deep in the fulyie as himsel. 2. Domestic or municipal refuse; the sweepings of the streets; rubbish; filth. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dirt removed in cleaning > from streets fulyie1538 scavage1706 scavenger-stuff1787 1538 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 154 That thai nor nane of their seruandis cast thair assis nor fulze on the gait within the portis of this towne. 1605 in R. Renwick Abstr. Protocols Town Clerks Glasgow (1900) X. 132 The bailleis and counsell..ordanis the awneris of the fulȝie and middingis to remove thair fulȝie. 1692 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1790) 203 The muck and fulzie of the towne. 1714 Extracts Burgh Rec. Stirling (1889) 136 Every nighbour in the Backrow remove their middins off the mercat place, streets, and doors, and keep the same clean of all filth and fulyie in time coming. 1786 Caledonian Mercury 14 June All the Dung or Fulzie of and upon the public streets of the said burgh. 1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvi, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 755 When towns' bodies..are pestilential wi' filth and foulzie. 1833 Act 3 & 4 William IV c. 46 §111 Scavengers..to remove the dung or fuilzie thereof. 1863 Daily Rev. 22 Oct. They received about £7000 for the fulzie of the town. 1897 P. H. Hunter John Armiger's Revenge 170 They're a' round it in a jiffy, like sea-maws [sc. seagulls] to toun fulzie. 1904 County & Munic. Rec. 5 July 229/2 It renewed the order for streets being made clean once every week by each person opposite his own land, or by those who got the fulzie of the close. 2011 E. J. Cowan & L. Henderson Hist. Everyday Life Medieval Scotl. xi. 269 On 16 July 1608 the council decreed..that all fulyie was to be cleared within fifteen days and was no longer to be stockpiled. Compounds † fulyie man n. Obsolete a scavenger. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > [noun] > one who mucker1229 raker1327 canel raker?1518 masser-scourer?1518 scavenger1530 sweep-street1553 channel raker1575 broom-man1592 broom-boy1593 gutter-master1607 rake-kennel1707 fulyie man1826 road sweeper1832 crossing-sweeper1841 street orderly1848 orderly1851 scavager1851 scaffy1853 broomer1857 sweep1858 roader1883 1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 103 A gin-shower aneuch to sicken a fulzie-man. 1913 J. Service Memorables Robin Cummell 5 What a ragged regiment o' scowrie-leukin' tinklers, fuilzie men, and gaberlunzie rascals. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † fulyien.² Forms: pre-1700 fuell, pre-1700 fuilȝie, pre-1700 fuilzie, pre-1700 fulȝe, pre-1700 1800s fulye, 1800s foolyie, 1800s fulzie. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: foil n.¹ Etymology: Scots variant of foil n.¹With forms in -z- compare discussion at Z n. Scottish. Obsolete. 1. A leaf. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] leafeOE foil14.. fillec1450 fulyiec1485 blade1787 phyllome1875 c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxvi. 100 Herbis and flouris and fuellis rottis and drawis till a fadand hewe. a1500 Liber Pluscardensis (Marchm.) (1877) I. 381 God of nature, quhilk all the eird honouris With fruyt and fulye, with herbe. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 89 Euery faill Ourfret with fulȝeis of figuris full diuers. 1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 113 Sae thick they [sc. Bees] owr the fulzies stalk. 2. Gold leaf. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate gold-foil1398 gold party1461 fulyie1488 rattle-gold1508 gold plate1549 gold leaf1573 leaf gold1576 feuille1662 gilt leaf1674 ormolu1765 gold plating1843 gold leafing1858 1488 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 85 A buke with levis of gold, with xiij levis of gold fulȝe. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. ciiii The fulye of the fyne gold fell in the feild. 1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Actilia Partial gilt, with spranges or streames of Gold fuilȝie. 1694 in A. W. C. Hallen Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 171 To marie jossie againe to give for more gold fuilzie, etc. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Fulye 2. Leaf gold..We still use fulye in the same sense, without the addition of the term gold. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † fulyiev. Forms: pre-1700 fuilȝe, pre-1700 fulȝe, pre-1700 fulye, 1700s foolzie, 1700s–1900s fulzie, 1800s foolyie, 1800s fuilzie. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: foil v.¹ Etymology: Variant of foil v.¹ (see discussion at that entry). With sense 1 compare earlier full v.² 2. With sense 2 compare earlier file v.² and foul v.¹ Scottish. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To trample on; to injure, destroy; to defeat, overcome. Cf. foil v.¹ ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome overcomeeOE shendc893 awinc1000 overwinOE overheaveOE to lay downa1225 mate?c1225 discomfitc1230 win1297 dauntc1300 cumber1303 scomfit1303 fenkc1320 to bear downc1330 confoundc1330 confusec1330 to do, put arrear1330 oversetc1330 vanquishc1330 conquerc1374 overthrowc1375 oppressc1380 outfighta1382 to put downa1382 discomfortc1384 threshc1384 vencuea1400 depressc1400 venque?1402 ding?a1425 cumrayc1425 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430 distrussc1430 supprisec1440 ascomfita1450 to do stress?c1450 victorya1470 to make (win) a conquest1477 convanquish1483 conquest1485 defeat1485 oversailc1485 conques1488 discomfish1488 fulyie1488 distress1489 overpress1489 cravent1490 utter?1533 to give (a person) the overthrow1536 debel1542 convince1548 foil1548 out-war1548 profligate1548 proflige?c1550 expugnate1568 expugn1570 victor1576 dismay1596 damnify1598 triumph1605 convict1607 overman1609 thrash1609 beat1611 debellate1611 import1624 to cut to (or in) pieces1632 maitrise1636 worst1636 forcea1641 outfight1650 outgeneral1767 to cut up1803 smash1813 slosh1890 ream1918 hammer1948 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)] mareOE shendOE hinderc1000 amarOE awemc1275 noyc1300 touchc1300 bleche1340 blemisha1375 spill1377 misdoa1387 grieve1390 damagea1400 despoil?a1400 matea1400 snapea1400 mankc1400 overthrowa1425 tamec1430 undermine1430 blunder1440 depaira1460 adommage?1473 endamage1477 prejudicec1487 fulyie1488 martyra1500 dyscrase?1504 corrupt1526 mangle1534 danger1538 destroy1542 spoil1563 ruinate1564 ruin1567 wrake1570 injury1579 bane1587 massacre1589 ravish1594 wrong1595 rifle1604 tainta1616 mutilea1618 to do violence toa1625 flaw1665 stun1676 quail1682 maul1694 moil1698 damnify1712 margullie1721 maul1782 buga1790 mux1806 queer1818 batter1840 puckeroo1840 rim-rack1841 pretty1868 garbage1899 savage1899 to do in1905 strafe1915 mash1924 blow1943 nuke1967 mung1969 the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > with the foot > downwards > trample treadc825 overtreadOE to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175 defoulc1290 foil13.. to-treada1382 foula1400 fulyie1488 overgo1488 trample1530 tramp1533 conculcate1570 trample1577 overtrample1589 tramp1596 inculcate1598 stramplea1610 calcate1623 scrunch1861 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 22 Hagis, alais, be laubour that was thar Fulȝeit and spilt. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 456 Sone wndir feit fulȝeid was men of wer. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. ciiii^v He..Pertly put with his pith at his pesane And fulyeit of the fyne maill may yan fyfty. 1571 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. 190 Forayne forces..Quha fuilȝeit syne thair fredome, force, and fame. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. l. 54158 Seand his men so fulȝeit in that fecht. 1739 in Caledonian Mag. (1788) 503 Tam Tull upon him kiest his ee, Saw him sae mony foolzie. 2. transitive. To defile, befoul; to dishonour; to violate (a woman). Also intransitive: to defecate. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > a woman forliec1275 defoulc1290 dishonour1393 defilea1400 file?a1400 spilla1400 foilc1440 diviciatec1470 foul?1473 fulyie1505 vitiate1547 dishonest1565 fray1567 out1922 1505 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 106 Ony hors..on the hie gaitt eittand on the gait or fuilȝeand the samyn. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. v. i. f. 54/2 He with vnbridillit lust fulȝeit his anttis. c1626 H. Bisset Rolment Courtis (1920) I. 43 He that fuilȝeis ane uther mannis bed, salbe put to death. 1720 A. Ramsay Poems 190 She'll [sc. Fortune] be fair to gar us fulzie, And cry for Quarter. 1879 P. H. Waddell Isaiah intil Scottis xxiii. 9 Till fulzie the skeigh o' sic floir, an' till scorn a' the mighty on yirth. 1913 H. P. Cameron tr. Thomas à Kempis Of Imitation of Christ iii. xxxi. 136 For a' flesh hed fulzied its wye, an' tharfor the grit spate cam doon upon't. Derivatives fulyeit adj. exhausted, worn out. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [adjective] wearyc825 asadc1306 ateyntc1325 attaintc1325 recrayed1340 methefula1350 for-wearya1375 matea1375 taintc1380 heavy1382 fortireda1400 methefula1400 afoundered?a1425 tewedc1440 travailedc1440 wearisomec1460 fatigate1471 defatigatec1487 tired1488 recreant1490 yolden?1507 fulyeit?a1513 traiked?a1513 tavert1535 wearied1538 fatigated1552 awearya1555 forwearied1562 overtired1567 spenta1568 done1575 awearied1577 stank1579 languishinga1586 bankrupt?1589 fordone1590 spent1591 overwearied1592 overworn1592 outworn1597 half-dead1601 back-broken1603 tiry1611 defatigated1612 dog-wearya1616 overweary1617 exhaust1621 worn-out1639 embossed1651 outspent1652 exhausted1667 beaten1681 bejaded1687 harassed1693 jaded1693 lassate1694 defeata1732 beat out1758 fagged1764 dog-tired1770 fessive1773 done-up1784 forjeskit1786 ramfeezled1786 done-over1789 fatigued1791 forfoughten1794 worn-up1812 dead1813 out-burnta1821 prostrate1820 dead beat1822 told out1822 bone-tireda1825 traiky1825 overfatigued1834 outwearied1837 done like (a) dinner1838 magged1839 used up1839 tuckered outc1840 drained1855 floored1857 weariful1862 wappered1868 bushed1870 bezzled1875 dead-beaten1875 down1885 tucked up1891 ready (or fit) to drop1892 buggered-up1893 ground-down1897 played1897 veal-bled1899 stove-up1901 trachled1910 ragged1912 beat up1914 done in1917 whacked1919 washy1922 pooped1928 shattered1930 punchy1932 shagged1932 shot1939 whipped1940 buggered1942 flaked (out)1942 fucked1949 sold-out1958 wiped1958 burnt out1959 wrung out1962 juiced1965 hanging1971 zonked1972 maxed1978 raddled1978 zoned1980 cream crackered1983 a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 42 Birdis..lattis thair fulȝeit feiris flie quhair thai pleis. a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 43 Nother febill nor fant nor fulȝeit in labour. 1579 Edinb. Test. VII. 75 in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Fulʒeit Foure auld fuilȝeit hattis. fulyear n. a person who dishonours or violates women. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman > one who deflowererc1540 fulyearc1540 defiler1551 debaucher1631 undoer1703 dishonourer1755 devirginator1889 c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. viii. vii. f. 98/1 He wes ane..fulȝear of matronis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹c1480n.²c1485v.1488
随便看	root truth root tuber root tubercle root vegetable root virtue root vowel root weed root woman root word root work root worker root zone root-about root-accented root-alcohol root-balled root-bitten root-bound root-built root-coloured root-devourer root-devouring root-digging root-eaten root-eater

fulyien.1

Compounds

† fulyien.2

† fulyiev.

Derivatives

fulyien.¹

† fulyien.²