fulminaten.
/ˈfʊlmᵻneɪt/, /ˈfʌlmᵻneɪt/, U.S. /ˈfʊlməˌneɪt/, /ˈfəlməˌneɪt/ Chemistry.
Any of a series of salts of fulminic acid with metals, typically highly unstable substances which explode when subjected to percussion, friction, or heat.Fulminates contain the anion CNO−.mercury fulminate: see mercury n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic salts > [noun] > miscellaneous others
alum zucarinea1425
white precipitate1588
volatile salt or salts1639
malate1788
oxalate1788
sebate1788
succinate1789
camphorate1800
suberate1800
tannate1802
formate1807
zymate1817
uranate1819
ambreate1820
fungate1821
hydriodide1823
sorbate1823
fulminate1824
uraniate1824
pinate1829
oleate1831
pectate1831
resinate1831
xanthate1831
formobenzoate1834
racemate1835
indigotate1838
japonate1838
oxalhydrate1838
oxalovinate1838
palmate1838
pyruvate1838
roccellate1838
rubinate1838
verdite1838
oxalurate1839
sesquisalt1839
palmitate1840
rhabarbarate1840
hippurate1841
palmitin1841
sericate1841
stearate1841
oenanthylate1843
humate1844
parabanate1844
urethylane1844
angelate1846
fungiate1847
nitroprusside1849
sodium nitroprusside1849
fulminurate1855
igasurate1855
inosinate1855
phenate1857
sinapate1857
styphnate1857
anchoate1858
parellate1858
toluate1860
piperate1862
fumarate1864
glycollate1864
hydurilate1865
hyoglycocholate1865
isamates1865
itaconates1865–72
paralactate1866
porphyrate1866
usnate1866
thebolactate1867
oxalonitrate1868
rhodanate1868
stearerate1868
terebate1868
terephthalate1868
thymotate1868
turpetholate1868
violurate1868
viridate1868
xanthide1868
glycocholate1872
xylate1872
xylidate1872
tiglate1875
peptonate1876
hydracrylate1877
thymolate1880
formamidine1882
carboxylate1884
nucleate1896
phytin1905
cacodylate1908
cupferron1910
protamine sulphate1915
metallic soap1918
pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923
phosphagen1927
phosphocreatine1927
viologen1933
pentachlorophenate1938
hyaluronate1946
tetraethylpyrophosphate1947
pteroylglutamate1948
inosate-
1824 Q. Jrnl. Sci. & Arts Apr. 155 Researches were then made into the nature of this acid: the term fulminate, has been applied to the salts containing it.
1864 H. Watts Dict. Chem. II. 732 Fulminate of Copper is obtained in green crystals.
1889 Overland Monthly Oct. 433/2 I'm very nervous about that lot of fulminate—the percussion powder—I put in there today.
1917 A. G. Empey Over Top xii. 85 This ignites the fuse, which burns down and sets off the detonator, charged with fulminate of mercury.
1972 R. Akehurst World of Guns 8 Detonating powders, such as gold and mercury fulminates, had been known since the seventeenth century.
2008 Evening Chron. (Newcastle) (Nexis) 22 Dec. 14 The bang in a Christmas cracker is made by a high explosive called Silver Fulminate.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† fulminateadj.
Obsolete. rare.
That has been fulminated.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > [adjective] > done or passed in fury
fulminate1645
1645 W. Prynne Hidden Workes Darkenes 202 They [sc. the Iesuits] were the only cause..that incensed the Pope to send so many fulminate Breeves [sc. letters] to these Kingdomes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
fulminatev.
/ˈfʊlmᵻneɪt/, /ˈfʌlmᵻneɪt/, U.S. /ˈfʊlməˌneɪt/, /ˈfəlməˌneɪt/ I. Senses relating to censure or condemnation.
1. transitive. To pronounce, to publish (a formal condemnation or censure). Hence (more generally): to utter, to deliver (a denunciation, a curse, etc.). With against (occasionally on).Frequently used with reference to excommunications or other condemnatory edicts issued by ecclesiastical authorities.In quot. 1930 figurative (with reference to the etymology of the verb: cf. fulmen n.).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > denunciation > denounce [verb (transitive)] > violently > utter (violent denunciation)
thunderc1380
fulminate?a1475
?a1475 (?a1425) in tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. App. 501 We..desyre your hihenesse [sc. Richard II] to fulminate a sentence ageyne the seide archebischoppe condigne to suche a traytoure.
?a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Sheep & Dog l. 1225 in Poems (1981) 50 The arbiteris..The sentence gaue, and proces fulminait.
1532–3 Act 24 Henry VIII c. 12 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 428 Notwithstaundyng..it shuld happen any excommengemente..to be fulmynate provulged declared or putt in execucion.
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus iii. f. 36 The mater was to be fulminat.
1606 Declar. Variance betweene Pope & Segniory of Venice 18 A Sentence fulminated against him that sinnes not, is no Sentence for defect in the matter.
1609 C. H. tr. J. Beringer Romane Conclave 57 Now hath the Pope found an occasion by the taking of this Bishop, to fulminate his long-conceiued displeasure against the Emperor.
1682 Let. in G. Burnet News from France 37 The..Pope sent..a Bull of Excommunication, which he required him to carry into the Assembly, and there to fulminate in his Name against all the Assembly.
1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 157 All Ecclesiastical Persons..to whom an Ordinary Jurisdiction is given..may fulminate these Church-Censures.
1763 W. Warburton Doctr. Grace I. ii. 147 Judgments..fulminated with the air of one who had the divine Vengeance at his disposal.
1815 J. Scott Visit to Paris (ed. 2) Pref. p. xxvii The maledictions he [sc. Napoleon] fulminated against our Island.
1832 J.-C.-L. S. de Sismondi Hist. Ital. Republics xii. 272 The pope fulminated a bull against him..for having hanged an archbishop.
1842 Mechanics' Mag. 36 6 Denunciation on denunciation has been fulminated from the press.
1871 G. H. Napheys Prevention & Cure Dis. i. iii. 112 Kings have fulminated their decrees against it.
1928 Story of Inquisition 111 The Inquisition took a hand, and on October 2, 1484, fulminated a decree confiscating to the crown all the offices in Teruel.
1930 Princeton Alumni Weekly 2 May 780/1 [He] fulminates terrific thunderbolts against the menace of science.
2014 C. Whatley in J. S. Hamilton Fourteenth Cent. Eng. VIII. 67 For their interference, Grandisson fulminated a sentence of greater excommunication on the group of messengers.
2. intransitive. To issue a formal censure (against a person or thing); (hence) to rail or speak violently; to inveigh, to rage. Also (occasionally) with upon or at. Also transitive with direct speech as object.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > excommunication > excommunicate [verb (intransitive)]
anathemize1585
anathematize1614
fulminate1620
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > denunciation > denounce [verb (intransitive)] > denounce violently
fulminate1620
thunder1722
1620 W. Barlow tr. Two Lett. or Embassies sig. C The Emperour himselfe proued the Churches Champion, and tooke vpon him for Romes sake, to Curse and fulminate against Zealous professors.
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xxx. 162 Before his time the Imperiall majesty..was never fulminated against with excommunication.
1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 215 in Justice Vindicated Pope Paul..after he had fulminated so dreadfully against him, proposed him for an Example to be imitated.
1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica (ed. 2) ii. 65 The Vatican from whence the holy father used..to fulminate with serious effect against the greatest powers in Europe.
1797 S. J. Pratt Family Secrets V. xxix. 348 I have fulminated at him like an anathematising pope.
1809 Antijacobin Rev. Aug. 432 Put your heart and soul into the act, and fulminate upon the darling topic.
1841 Edinb. Rev. July 331 Nouet, the great advocate of the society, returned again and again to the assault. Pulpits fulminated, presses groaned.
1919 C. Wood Living Christ & Some Probl. of To-day iv. 136 The Church fulminated and thundered, excommunicated and tortured.
1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four 56 Fulminating against the atrocities of the Eurasian army.
1976 A. Richards Penguin Bk. Welsh Short Stories 307 ‘On whose behalf, if I may ask?’ fulminated Abe in his vintage county council English.
1991 J. Waters Jiving at Crossroads xiv. 142 This was usually..for the bovine readers of the British Sunday glossies to fulminate over.
2012 Independent 31 Aug. 15/3 We can fulminate against corruption in Russia as we like.
3. transitive. To censure, to condemn; to denounce vehemently or in scathing terms; (occasionally) spec. to subject to ecclesiastical censure.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > denunciation > denounce [verb (transitive)] > violently
thunder1677
fulminate1687
society > faith > worship > excommunication > excommunicate [verb (transitive)]
waryc725
cursec1050
amanseOE
accurselOE
forcurse1154
mansec1175
ban1303
sequester1395
maledighta1400
anathematize?1473
excommune1483
excommenge1502
excommunicate1526
precide1529
aban1565
anathemize1585
malison1588
consecrate1589
inknot1611
shammatize1613
anathemate1615
unchurcha1620
innodate1630
discommon1639
to swear at ——1680
devote1749
maledict1780
comminate1801
fulminate1806
imban1807
dischurch1990
1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther ii. 64 For all of ancient that you had before..Was Errour fulminated o'er and o'er.
1688 T. Brown Reasons Mr. Bays 15 I fulminated Johnsons affected Style.
1760 Bp. Hurd Let. Oct. in Early Lett. (1995) 360 Burnet's Exposition was fulminated.
1806 W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. 4 263 The catholic church..fulminates without hesitation a Julian or an Elizabeth.
1812 Burke's Speech on Bill for Relief of Dissenters, 1773 in Wks. V. 348 I would have the Laws rise in all their majesty of terrours, to fulminate such vain and impious wretches.
1826 Bayle's Hist. & Crit. Dict. Abridged II. 317 The Nestorians..had been fulminated by the first council of Ephesus.
1916 A. Castle & E. Castle Wind's Will iii. viii. 373 Geoffrey had risen and fulminated him in a fit of wrath.
1988 R. Rosenthal tr. A. Busi Standard Life of Temporary Pantyhouse Salesman i. 210 Angelo fulminated him with a glance.
II. Senses relating to lightning, explosion, etc.† 7. intransitive. Metallurgy. Of metal: to become bright in colour during refining. Cf. fulmination n. 2. Obsolete. rare.
4.
a. intransitive. To emit thunder and lightning; (of thunder, lightning, or a thunderbolt) to make a violent or startling manifestation. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > thunder and lightning > [verb (intransitive)]
fulminate?1605
?1605 J. Davies Wittes Pilgrimage sig. I4v With a firy Wreathe bind thou my Brow, That mak'st the Muse in Flames to fulminate.
1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Fulminate, to thunder.
1624 T. Heigham tr. G. de Chevalier Ghosts Deceased Sieurs 76 There it is, where magnanimity should thunder, and fulminate; it is there, that a man should surmount all the infirmities of man.
1656 S. Holland Don Zara ii. iii. 85 It tonitruated horribly, fulminating promiscuously from all parts of the troubled Hemisphere.
1745 E. Young Consolation 25 Loud Ætnas fulminate in Love to Man.
1861 J. G. Sheppard Fall of Rome iv. 164 It was on the latter body that the bolt of Roman vengeance first fell, and it was as sudden and as terrible in its effects as if it had really fulminated from the throne of Capitolian Jove.
1988 M. Hocking Irrelevant Woman (1989) iii. 39 Thunder fulminated around the house and then went grumbling away over the fields.
2012 D. Miller Can Last Fiddler Dance? vii. 96 A flash of early evening lightning fulminated through the office window, followed almost immediately by a deafening thunderclap.
b. transitive. To strike (with lightning). Also figurative. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > thunder and lightning > [verb (transitive)] > strike with lightning
levina1400
fulminate1666
1666 W. Sancroft Lex Ignea 40 Shall our Mountain..be fulminated, and thunder-strook.
1877 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 129/2 May God fulminate him!
1891 Illustr. Amer. 18 Apr. 418/1 Thunder does not roll through his sentences, nor lightning fulminate them.
2010 G. H. Bell-Villada García Márquez ii. xii. 239 A Spaniard, doña Olalla de Mendoza, who on a group outing was unfortunately fulminated by lightning.
5. transitive. In extended use. To cause (words, vengeance, trouble, etc.) to flash forth; to unleash, to wreak.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > naturally occurring light > emit beams (of a luminary) [verb (transitive)] > flash lightning
levina1400
fulminate1630
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > violently
to break outOE
shonk1488
belch1581
burst1590
fulminate1630
vomit1632
bust1837
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)] > burst violently from rest or restraint
abreakOE
outburstOE
outbreaka1450
reboil1477
to break forth1535
burst1542
to break out1574
go1583
fulminate1630
break1693
lasha1716
to rage out1720
rip1856
outflame1890
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > thunder and lightning > [verb (intransitive)] > lighten > issue as a thunderbolt
fulminate1630
1630 T. Randolph Panegyr. to Shirley's Gratef. Serv. A iij I cannot fulminate or tonitruate words.
1824 Morning Post 21 Apr. A stranger ascended the rostrum, and fulminated a strong dose of ‘fire and brimstone’.
1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters ii. 46 The one [sc. Beatrice's wit] is fulminated in brilliant coruscations..the other [sc. Rosalind's wit] shines with gentle, genial radiance.
1875 G. B. Malleson Stud. from Genoese Hist. iii. 104 Our arms in our hands, oh Corsicans! let us rush to the holy undertaking; let your swords fulminate extermination.
1907 J. Cantello Star of Bethlehem iii. 69 The gods..would not be adored as they are, were they not ever more inclined to confer benefits than to fulminate vengeance.
1988 S. S. Tepper Gate to Women's Country (1989) xxxi. 279 Chernon had been left alive among the Holylanders to fulminate more trouble.
2010 T. R. Roberts Under Obligation x. 133 He fulminated his answer to her, ‘You are not going to work, you are going to stay home and take care of the kids.’
6. intransitive. Chemistry. To explode with a loud report; to undergo explosive decomposition, to detonate. Also transitive: to cause to explode in this way.Now rare except as fulminating adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)] > explode or go off (of firearms, gunpowder, etc.)
to go off1560
fulminate1651
springa1658
explode1673
displode1812
to go up1950
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sudden or violent sound > explosive sound > [verb (intransitive)]
clap1509
bounce1552
fulminate1651
explode1673
detonate1729
detonize1731
chunk1890
chunk-chunk1898
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > make (more) violent [verb (transitive)] > act upon by means of explosion > cause to explode
fulminate1651
detonate1801
1651 J. French tr. J. R. Glauber Descr. New Philos. Furnaces ii. 83 The gold falling or precipitating into a heavy calx,..doth not fulminate well [L. ritè non fulminantis].
1667 T. Henshaw in T. Sprat Hist. Royal-Soc. 275 If you fulminate it [sc. salt-petre] in a Crucible.
1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory v. 133 The Saltpetre and Tartar will soon begin to fulminate.
1853 W. Gregory Inorg. Chem. (ed. 3) 255 A dark powder is formed, which fulminates violently when heated.
1927 U.S. Patent 1,631,419 1/2 The charge of explosive is fulminated by closing the battery circuit through the switch.
1985 S. C. Dhamija tr. A. A. Chernigovskii Applic. Directional Blasting in Mining & Civil Engin. (ed. 2) vii. 177 The whole system of charges was fulminated from the left side and the time delay between successive blasts was less than the critical value for the given conditions.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > precious metal > yield precious metal [verb (intransitive)] > of gold: become bright and uniform in colour
fulminate1727
1727 P. Shaw & E. Chambers tr. H. Boerhaave New Method Chem. 67 Till..the gold have fulminated, as the refiners affect to call it.
III. In medical use.
8. intransitive. Medicine. Esp. of a disease or pathological process: to become very severe or life-threatening, esp. in a short period of time. Cf. fulminating adj. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > become diseased [verb (intransitive)] > arise > suddenly
explode1793
fulminate1872
1872 Med. & Surg. Reporter 8 June 504/2 The disease commenced on Monday or Tuesday, and fulminated on Wednesday.
1905 Lancet 17 June 1642/2 All of the patients in the other wards of the hospital..were receiving similar diets to those which were prescribed for the subjects of the cases which fulminated.
1953 D. B. Cater Basic Pathol. & Morbid Histol. 76 (caption) Early phthisis fulminates to acute caseous tuberculosis.
2013 Jrnl. Invertebr. Pathol. 114 354/1 Infections of O[rchitophrya] stellarum fulminated rapidly in blue crabs and fiddler crabs.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1824
adj.1645
v.?a1475