Friedreichn.

/ˈfriːdrʌɪk/

/ˈfriːdrʌɪx/

Etymology: < the name of Nikolaus Friedreich (1825–82), German neurologist.

Used attributively and in the possessive to designate:

a. Hereditary locomotor ataxia, an inherited disease of the central nervous system marked by an unsteady gait and an inability to co-ordinate voluntary movements; also its accompanying deformity, Friedreich('s) foot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > ataxia or apraxia

Romberg's symptom1870

static ataxia1877

locomotor ataxy1878

Friedreich1883

Romberg's sign1884

apraxia1888

creeping paralysis1913

the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > of foot

club-foota1552

baker feet1656

valgus1800

varus1800

inversion1825

talipes1842

pommel foot1857

inturn1860

talus1864

flat-foot1870

spurious valgus1872

flat-footedness1882

Friedreich('s) foot1940

1883 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 Mar. 627/2 The term ‘hereditary ataxy’ is, therefore, a misnomer. ‘Family ataxy’, although more correct, does not sound well; and, under these circumstances, we may provisionally accept Browne's [? an error for Brousse's] proposal to call the malady in question ‘Friedreich's disease’.

1890 Brain 13 503 Tabes is an affection of adult age; Friedreich's ataxy a disease of childhood.

1910 W. Osler & T. McCrae Syst. Med. VII. 131 Friedreich's ataxia.

1940 S. A. K. Wilson Neurol. II. xlix. 950 Time of appearance is variable for the ‘Freidreich [sic] foot’ may have been present from the outset.

1964 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 14) xxxiv. 545 In Hereditary Ataxia (Friedreich's Disease) optic atrophy and paralyses of the ocular muscles are very rare.

1970 Sunday Times 13 Dec. 34/6 (advt.) Friedreich's ataxia is a crippling disease of the Nervous System which starts in childhood or adolescence.

b. Paramyoclonus multiplex, a rare disease characterized by involuntary twitching of the muscles, esp. of the limbs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp > type of spasm > tic or twitch > disease characterized by

Friedreich1888

myokymia1901

1888 Brain 11 417 Friedreich's paramyoclonus, a fibrillar twitching insufficient to move the limb.

1903 Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. 30 365 In his opinion, the distinguishing feature of myoclonus of the Friedreich type was the occurrence of contractions of individual muscles not under the control of the will.

1967 Brain 90 673 Similar families have been reported previously, often under the title of Friedreich's paramyoclonus multiplex.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

单词	friedreich
释义	Friedreichn. /ˈfriːdrʌɪk//ˈfriːdrʌɪx/ Etymology: < the name of Nikolaus Friedreich (1825–82), German neurologist. Used attributively and in the possessive to designate: a. Hereditary locomotor ataxia, an inherited disease of the central nervous system marked by an unsteady gait and an inability to co-ordinate voluntary movements; also its accompanying deformity, Friedreich('s) foot. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > ataxia or apraxia Romberg's symptom1870 static ataxia1877 locomotor ataxy1878 Friedreich1883 Romberg's sign1884 apraxia1888 creeping paralysis1913 the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > of foot club-foota1552 baker feet1656 valgus1800 varus1800 inversion1825 talipes1842 pommel foot1857 inturn1860 talus1864 flat-foot1870 spurious valgus1872 flat-footedness1882 Friedreich('s) foot1940 1883 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 Mar. 627/2 The term ‘hereditary ataxy’ is, therefore, a misnomer. ‘Family ataxy’, although more correct, does not sound well; and, under these circumstances, we may provisionally accept Browne's [? an error for Brousse's] proposal to call the malady in question ‘Friedreich's disease’. 1890 Brain 13 503 Tabes is an affection of adult age; Friedreich's ataxy a disease of childhood. 1910 W. Osler & T. McCrae Syst. Med. VII. 131 Friedreich's ataxia. 1940 S. A. K. Wilson Neurol. II. xlix. 950 Time of appearance is variable for the ‘Freidreich [sic] foot’ may have been present from the outset. 1964 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 14) xxxiv. 545 In Hereditary Ataxia (Friedreich's Disease) optic atrophy and paralyses of the ocular muscles are very rare. 1970 Sunday Times 13 Dec. 34/6 (advt.) Friedreich's ataxia is a crippling disease of the Nervous System which starts in childhood or adolescence. b. Paramyoclonus multiplex, a rare disease characterized by involuntary twitching of the muscles, esp. of the limbs. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp > type of spasm > tic or twitch > disease characterized by Friedreich1888 myokymia1901 1888 Brain 11 417 Friedreich's paramyoclonus, a fibrillar twitching insufficient to move the limb. 1903 Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. 30 365 In his opinion, the distinguishing feature of myoclonus of the Friedreich type was the occurrence of contractions of individual muscles not under the control of the will. 1967 Brain 90 673 Similar families have been reported previously, often under the title of Friedreich's paramyoclonus multiplex. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2019). < n.1883
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