frankincensen.

Brit.

/ˈfraŋk(ᵻ)nsɛns/, U.S.

/ˈfræŋkənˌsɛns/

Forms: Middle English franke ensens, Middle English frank encens, frankensence, frankynsens, 1500s frankenscence, frankinsence, (1500s–1600s fran(c)kumsence), 1500s– frankincense.

Etymology: < Old French franc encens: see frank adj.² and incense n. The special meaning of the adjective in this combination seems to be ‘of high quality’: see frank adj.² 5.

1. An aromatic gum resin, yielded by trees of the genus Boswellia, used for burning as incense; olibanum; occasionally the smoke from the same.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > incense

rechelseOE

storc1000

incensec1290

censea1382

guma1382

olibanuma1398

thus1398

frankincensea1400

frank14..

thurec1425

mascle thure?1440

olibanc1440

smoke1530

perfume1542

masculine frankincense1555

tacamahac1577

cayolac1588

masculine gum1604

candle1628

pastille1630

Spanish coal1631

incense-frank1633

thymiama1697

censery1823

punk1844

joss-stick1845

god-stick1874

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] > gum (resin) > specific

myrrheOE

balsamc1000

galbanec1000

draganta1300

sandragon1334

gum arabica1350

storaxa1382

galbanum1382

asafœtidaa1398

cinnabara1398

guttaa1398

frankincensea1400

labdanuma1400

opopanaxa1400

gum-arabicc1400

sarcocolc1400

ammoniacc1420

gristle?1537

ladanum1551

dragon's blood1555

benzoin1558

styrax1558

tragacanth1558

gum tragacanth1562

amber1565

anime1577

laser1578

benjamin1580

sarcocolla1584

bdellium1585

sagapenum1597

liquidambar1598

red gum1614

gamboge1615

laudanum1616

gum ammoniac1627

male incense1647

sandarac1655

flesh-glue1659

adragant1696

dammar1698

sagapen1712

gum-dragon1718

courbaril1753

gum-senegal1760

Jew's frankincense1760

guggul1813

angico1821

gum-kino1830

butea gum1832

piney varnish1832

Kuteera gum1838

acaroid1839

bumbo1839

thus1842

gum-juniper1844

piney dammar1846

acacine1855

mochras1856

talha1857

copalm balsam1858

gum benjamin1859

wattle-gum1863

Senegal gum1867

Suakin1874

Barbary gum1875

oliva1882

ledon1885

jatoba1890

mimosa gum1890

xylan1894

gum accroides1909

karaya1916

a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 42 Thus album, i. olibanum, franke ensens.

c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 8 Kynges iij With gold, myrre, and ffrankynsens.

?c1475 Sqr. lowe Degre 849 Cloves that be swete smellyng, Frankensence, and olibanum.

1552 H. Latimer Serm. Gospels vi. 188 Franckumsence to signify his priesthoode.

1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times iii. xix. 178 He sent Leonidas a Present of five hundred Talents weight of Frankincense.

1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity ii, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 465 Curling frankincense ascends to Baal.

1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii II. iv. iii. 235 Odour of myrrh and frankincense.

2. Resin resembling this, obtained from firs or pines. Also, the tree itself.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] > oleoresins from coniferous trees

pitcheOE

turpentine1322

alkitranc1400

cedriac1420

perrosin?a1425

pitch-rosinc1450

terebinth1483

alchitrean1562

frankincense1577

Venice turpentine1577

terebinthine1578

Venetian turpentine1598

Burgundy pitch1678

Strasbourg turpentine1683

terebinthina1693

Scio turpentine1710

rhinehurst1724

Canada balsam1754

Canada turpentine1762

galipot1791

Canada pitch1831

dipping1832

pine gum1853

dip1856

scrape1856

virgin dip1856

pinol1889

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xxii. i. 342 The firre, frankincense, and pine we doo not altogither want.

1620 J. Mason Briefe Disc. New-found-land B iij Tarre, Tirpintine, Frank-Incense.

1858 J. A. Warder Hedges & Evergreens 249 Pinus taeda, the Frankincense or Loblolly, is a lofty American tree.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Frankincense..European, a resinous exudation of the spruce fir. The name is also applied to Pinus Tæda.

3. More fully, as frankincense pine, frankincense tree.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > pines and allies

pine treeeOE

pineOE

pine-nut treec1330

pineapplec1390

pineapple treea1398

mountain pine1597

pine1597

mountain pine1601

frankincense1611

rosin flower?1611

black pine1683

Scotch pine1706

yellow pine1709

Jersey pine1743

loblolly pine1760

mugoa1768

Scots pine1774

Scotch fir1777

arrow plant1779

scrub pine1791

Georgia pine1796

old field pine1797

tamarack1805

grey pine1810

pond pine1810

New Jersey pine1818

loblolly1819

Corsican pine1824

celery-top pine1827

toatoa1831

heavy-wooded pine1836

nut pine1845

celery pine1851

celery-topped pine1851

sugar-pine1853

western white pine1857

Jeffrey1858

Korean pine1858

lodge-pole pine1859

jack pine1863

whitebark pine1864

twisted pine1866

Monterey pine1868

tanekaha1875

chir1882

slash-pine1882

celery-leaved pine1883

knee-pine1884

knobcone pine1884

matsu1884

meadow pine1884

Alaska pine1890

limber pine1901

bristlecone pine1908

o-matsu1916

insignis1920

radiata1953

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > trees or shrubs > incense- or frankincense-tree

thus1398

incense-tree1587

frankincense1611

1611 Bible (King James) Ecclus. l. 8 As the branches of the frankincense tree in the time of summer.

1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 436 Frankincense tree.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxviii. 445 Frankincense Pine has three leaves coming out of the same sheath.

1803 A. B. Lambert Descr. Genus Pinus I. 23 Frankincense Pine. Plains consisting of dry sand, and sea coasts, in N.A., are abundantly stocked with this species of pine.

c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 106/1 The Frankincense pine of Virginia (Pinus tæda).

Derivatives

ˈfrankincensed adj. perfumed with frankincense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [adjective] > smelling of specific things

rosat?c1425

rosetc1450

rosed1559

musked1576

musky1580

rosya1586

myrrhed1591

muskifiedc1600

roseal1601

olibian1605

roseate1611

honeysuckled1640

myrrhate1659

muscatelline1673

myrrhy1686

muskish1706

thymy1746

rose-scented1759

civeted1785

lily-scented1796

ottoed1810

citron-scented1817

camphory1826

camphoraceous1845

tea-scented1845

frankincensed1860

rose-like1866

sagey1871

camphorous1881

osier-odoured1881

lemony1894

lavendery1896

patchoulied1925

1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 204 No velvet-bound missal, nor frankincensed manuscript.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	frankincense
释义	frankincensen. Brit. /ˈfraŋk(ᵻ)nsɛns/, U.S. /ˈfræŋkənˌsɛns/ Forms: Middle English franke ensens, Middle English frank encens, frankensence, frankynsens, 1500s frankenscence, frankinsence, (1500s–1600s fran(c)kumsence), 1500s– frankincense. Etymology: < Old French franc encens: see frank adj.² and incense n. The special meaning of the adjective in this combination seems to be ‘of high quality’: see frank adj.² 5. 1. An aromatic gum resin, yielded by trees of the genus Boswellia, used for burning as incense; olibanum; occasionally the smoke from the same. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > incense rechelseOE storc1000 incensec1290 censea1382 guma1382 olibanuma1398 thus1398 frankincensea1400 frank14.. thurec1425 mascle thure?1440 olibanc1440 smoke1530 perfume1542 masculine frankincense1555 tacamahac1577 cayolac1588 masculine gum1604 candle1628 pastille1630 Spanish coal1631 incense-frank1633 thymiama1697 censery1823 punk1844 joss-stick1845 god-stick1874 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] > gum (resin) > specific myrrheOE balsamc1000 galbanec1000 draganta1300 sandragon1334 gum arabica1350 storaxa1382 galbanum1382 asafœtidaa1398 cinnabara1398 guttaa1398 frankincensea1400 labdanuma1400 opopanaxa1400 gum-arabicc1400 sarcocolc1400 ammoniacc1420 gristle?1537 ladanum1551 dragon's blood1555 benzoin1558 styrax1558 tragacanth1558 gum tragacanth1562 amber1565 anime1577 laser1578 benjamin1580 sarcocolla1584 bdellium1585 sagapenum1597 liquidambar1598 red gum1614 gamboge1615 laudanum1616 gum ammoniac1627 male incense1647 sandarac1655 flesh-glue1659 adragant1696 dammar1698 sagapen1712 gum-dragon1718 courbaril1753 gum-senegal1760 Jew's frankincense1760 guggul1813 angico1821 gum-kino1830 butea gum1832 piney varnish1832 Kuteera gum1838 acaroid1839 bumbo1839 thus1842 gum-juniper1844 piney dammar1846 acacine1855 mochras1856 talha1857 copalm balsam1858 gum benjamin1859 wattle-gum1863 Senegal gum1867 Suakin1874 Barbary gum1875 oliva1882 ledon1885 jatoba1890 mimosa gum1890 xylan1894 gum accroides1909 karaya1916 a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 42 Thus album, i. olibanum, franke ensens. c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 8 Kynges iij With gold, myrre, and ffrankynsens. ?c1475 Sqr. lowe Degre 849 Cloves that be swete smellyng, Frankensence, and olibanum. 1552 H. Latimer Serm. Gospels vi. 188 Franckumsence to signify his priesthoode. 1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times iii. xix. 178 He sent Leonidas a Present of five hundred Talents weight of Frankincense. 1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity ii, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 465 Curling frankincense ascends to Baal. 1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii II. iv. iii. 235 Odour of myrrh and frankincense. 2. Resin resembling this, obtained from firs or pines. Also, the tree itself. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] > oleoresins from coniferous trees pitcheOE turpentine1322 alkitranc1400 cedriac1420 perrosin?a1425 pitch-rosinc1450 terebinth1483 alchitrean1562 frankincense1577 Venice turpentine1577 terebinthine1578 Venetian turpentine1598 Burgundy pitch1678 Strasbourg turpentine1683 terebinthina1693 Scio turpentine1710 rhinehurst1724 Canada balsam1754 Canada balsam1754 Canada turpentine1762 galipot1791 Canada pitch1831 dipping1832 pine gum1853 dip1856 scrape1856 virgin dip1856 pinol1889 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xxii. i. 342 The firre, frankincense, and pine we doo not altogither want. 1620 J. Mason Briefe Disc. New-found-land B iij Tarre, Tirpintine, Frank-Incense. 1858 J. A. Warder Hedges & Evergreens 249 Pinus taeda, the Frankincense or Loblolly, is a lofty American tree. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. Frankincense..European, a resinous exudation of the spruce fir. The name is also applied to Pinus Tæda. 3. More fully, as frankincense pine, frankincense tree. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > pines and allies pine treeeOE pineOE pine-nut treec1330 pineapplec1390 pineapple treea1398 mountain pine1597 pine1597 mountain pine1601 frankincense1611 rosin flower?1611 black pine1683 Scotch pine1706 yellow pine1709 Jersey pine1743 loblolly pine1760 mugoa1768 Scots pine1774 Scotch fir1777 arrow plant1779 scrub pine1791 Georgia pine1796 old field pine1797 tamarack1805 grey pine1810 pond pine1810 New Jersey pine1818 loblolly1819 Corsican pine1824 celery-top pine1827 toatoa1831 heavy-wooded pine1836 nut pine1845 celery pine1851 celery-topped pine1851 sugar-pine1853 western white pine1857 Jeffrey1858 Korean pine1858 lodge-pole pine1859 jack pine1863 whitebark pine1864 twisted pine1866 Monterey pine1868 tanekaha1875 chir1882 slash-pine1882 celery-leaved pine1883 knee-pine1884 knobcone pine1884 matsu1884 meadow pine1884 Alaska pine1890 limber pine1901 bristlecone pine1908 o-matsu1916 insignis1920 radiata1953 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > trees or shrubs > incense- or frankincense-tree thus1398 incense-tree1587 frankincense1611 1611 Bible (King James) Ecclus. l. 8 As the branches of the frankincense tree in the time of summer. View more context for this quotation 1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 436 Frankincense tree. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxviii. 445 Frankincense Pine has three leaves coming out of the same sheath. 1803 A. B. Lambert Descr. Genus Pinus I. 23 Frankincense Pine. Plains consisting of dry sand, and sea coasts, in N.A., are abundantly stocked with this species of pine. c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 106/1 The Frankincense pine of Virginia (Pinus tæda). Derivatives ˈfrankincensed adj. perfumed with frankincense. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [adjective] > smelling of specific things rosat?c1425 rosetc1450 rosed1559 musked1576 musky1580 rosya1586 myrrhed1591 muskifiedc1600 roseal1601 olibian1605 roseate1611 honeysuckled1640 myrrhate1659 muscatelline1673 myrrhy1686 muskish1706 thymy1746 rose-scented1759 civeted1785 lily-scented1796 ottoed1810 citron-scented1817 camphory1826 camphoraceous1845 tea-scented1845 frankincensed1860 rose-like1866 sagey1871 camphorous1881 osier-odoured1881 lemony1894 lavendery1896 patchoulied1925 1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 204 No velvet-bound missal, nor frankincensed manuscript. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1400
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