angern.

Brit.

/ˈaŋɡə/, U.S.

/ˈæŋɡər/

Forms: Middle English angur, Middle English angure, Middle English (1700s nonstandard) hanger, Middle English–1500s angar, Middle English–1500s angyr, Middle English–1600s angre, Middle English– anger; Scottish pre-1700 angger, pre-1700 angir, pre-1700 angre, pre-1700 angyr, pre-1700 1700s– anger.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic angr trouble, affliction, Old Danish anger (Danish (now literary) anger ), Old Swedish anger (Swedish ånger ), also in the senses ‘grief’, ‘contrition’) < the same Germanic base as Old Icelandic ǫngur (plural noun) anguish, distress (see ange adv. and n.). Compare earlier anger v., ange n.In early use this word is sometimes difficult to distinguish from angor n. Although it occasionally translates classical Latin angor angor n. (e.g. in quot. c1520 at sense 1), the subsequent semantic development of the word shows no evidence of influence from the Latin noun.

†1. A feeling or state of distress; sorrow, anguish; trouble, suffering, affliction. Obsolete (chiefly Scottish in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun]

sorec888

teeneOE

sorrowOE

workOE

wrakeOE

careOE

gramec1000

harmOE

howc1000

trayOE

woweOE

angec1175

derfnessc1175

sytec1175

unwinc1175

wosithc1200

ail?c1225

barrat?c1225

derf?c1225

grief?c1225

misease?c1225

misliking?c1225

ofthinkingc1225

passion?c1225

troublec1230

pinec1275

distress1297

grievancea1300

penancea1300

cumbermentc1300

languorc1300

cumbering1303

were1303

angera1325

strifea1325

sweama1325

woea1325

painc1330

tribulationc1330

illa1340

threst1340

constraintc1374

troublenessc1380

afflictiona1382

bruisinga1382

miseasetya1382

pressurec1384

exercisec1386

miscomfortc1390

mislikea1400

smarta1400

thronga1400

balec1400

painfulnessc1400

troublancec1400

smartness?c1425

painliness1435

perplexity?a1439

penalty?1462

calamity1490

penality1496

cumber?a1513

sussy1513

tribule1513

afflict?1529

vexation of spirit1535

troublesomeness1561

hoe1567

grievedness1571

tribulance1575

languishment1576

thrall1578

tine1590

languorment1593

aggrievedness1594

obturbation1623

afflictedness1646

erumny1657

pathos1684

shock1705

dree1791

vex1815

wrungnessa1875

dukkha1886

thinkache1892

sufferation1976

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction

teeneOE

harmOE

sourc1000

trayOE

angec1175

wosithc1200

ail?c1225

barrat?c1225

misease?c1225

passion?c1225

troublec1230

sorenessc1275

grievancea1300

cumbermentc1300

cumbering1303

thro1303

angera1325

strifea1325

sweama1325

encumbrancec1330

tribulationc1330

threst1340

mischiefa1375

pressc1375

unhend1377

miseasetya1382

angernessc1390

molestc1390

troublancec1400

notea1425

miseasenessc1450

cumber?a1513

tribule1513

unseasonableness?1523

troublesomeness1561

tribulance1575

tine1590

trials and tribulations1591

pressure1648

difficulty1667

hell to pay1758

dree1791

trial and tribulation1792

Queer Street1811

Sturm und Drang1857

a thin time1924

shit1929

crap1932

shtook1936

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [noun]

sorrowOE

ail?c1225

scorpion?c1225

dolec1290

angera1325

anguishc1330

cupa1340

aggrievancea1400

discomfortc1405

afflictionc1429

sytec1440

pressurea1500

constraint1509

tenterhook1532

grief1535

annoying1566

troubler1567

griper1573

vexation1588

infliction1590

trouble1591

temptationc1595

load1600

torment1600

wringer1602

sorance1609

inflicting1611

brusha1616

freighta1631

woe-heart1637

ordeala1658

cut-up1782

unpleasure1792

iron maiden1870

mental cruelty1899

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 972 Ghe held hire hard in ðralles wune, And dede hire sorge and anger mune.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxii. l. 291 To suffren al þat god sente, syknesses and angres.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 102 For the deth of whiche childe the anger & sorow was moche the more.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 321 Thir angrys may I na mar drey.

1509 tr. A. de la Sale Fyftene Ioyes of Maryage (de Worde) (new ed.) vii. sig. H.j^v He suffreth anger trouble peyne and wo.

c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1903) II. Rom. ii. 9 In occasione of angre [L. angoribus] maist bittir..ay happie sche schew her selfe.

a. A strong feeling of displeasure, dissatisfaction, or annoyance, generally combined with antagonism or hostility towards a particular cause or object; the state of experiencing such feelings; wrath, rage, fury.Now the usual sense.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [noun]

irrec825

gramec1000

brathc1175

wrathc1175

mooda1225

ortha1225

felonyc1290

irea1300

greme13..

thro1303

wrathhead1303

errorc1320

angera1325

gremth1340

iroura1380

brethc1380

couragec1386

heavinessc1386

felona1400

follya1400

wrathnessc1440

choler1530

blast1535

malice1538

excandescency1604

stomachosity1656

bad blood1664

corruption1799

needle1874

irateness1961

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1216 Ysmael pleide hard gamen. Sarra was ðor-fore often wroð, Hir was ysmaeles anger loð.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 102 Ne cowthe I after that be wroth, Bot al myn Anger overgoth.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope f. xxiiij Therfore thou shalt fyrst loue god, and shalle kepe thy self fro the wrath and angre of thy kynge.

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Eph. iv. f. x Restrayn your angre, whan it would barst out.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. i. ii. viii. 38 Anger, which is a desire of revenge, Hatred which is inveterate anger.

1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 168 Anger is a vehement heat of the minde, which brings palenesse to the countenance, burning to the eyes, and trembling to the parts of the body.

1712 A. Pope tr. Statius Thebais in Misc. Poems 46 The Nymph, her Father's Anger to evade, Now flies from Argos.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia III. v. ii. 34 He was almost out of his senses with anger that we had acquainted you with his distress, and he said it was publishing his misery.

1835 W. Beckford Recoll. Monasteries Alcobaça & Batalha 146 Anger pervaded his every look and gesture.

1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost xiv. 393 Anger has its proper use. Anger is the executive power of justice.

1912 C. Young Mil. Morale Nations & Places ii. i. 147 The German..is as easily led into extremes..anger rouses into fury, just resentment turns into rancor.

1962 Life 23 Feb. 77/3 His moods deteriorate from friendliness to black anger so quickly.

2012 N.Y. Times 24 Nov. a20/3 I am filled with sorrow and anger at the senseless loss of life..in the Hurricane Sandy tragedy.

†b. A fit or bout of anger (in sense 2a). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > [noun] > fit(s) or outburst(s) of anger

wratha1200

wrethea1400

hatelc1400

angerc1425

braida1450

fumea1529

passion1530

fustian fume1553

ruff1567

pelt1573

spleen1590

blaze1597

huff1599

blustera1616

dog-flawa1625

overboiling1767

explosion1769

squall1807

blowout1825

flare-up1837

fit1841

bust-up1842

wax1854

Scot1859

pelter1861

ructions1862

performance1864

outfling1865

rise1877

detonation1878

flare-out1879

bait1882

paddy1894

paddywhack1899

wingding1927

wing-dinger1933

eppie1987

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 2611 Priam spak vn-to þe quene In an anger, and gan hir to abreide.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. clxxxv^v/2 In an angre [he] toke his swerde and smote of the heed of thys holy man.

1562 Certayn Serm. preached in Lincs. in H. Latimer 27 Serm. ii. f. 28 There was a man slain of an other man in an anger, it was done openly.

a1600 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 303 He tuik ane anger and tuike wpe his campe.

1614 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 302 He hard Robert say in ane anger [etc.].

1679 T. Hobbes Behemoth (unauthorized ed.) 74 If the King upon the refusal, should fall upon them in an Anger, [etc.].

c. Dissatisfaction with or outrage against existing social and political structures, esp. as expressed in a literary work. Cf. angry adj. 5.With direct or implicit reference to John Osborne's play Look Back in Anger (first performed 1956), and the social realism and anti-establishment attitudes characterizing the work of Osborne and a number of other British writers of the 1950s (see note at angry young man n. at angry adj. Compounds 2).Quot. 1937 represents an unconnected and apparently isolated early example of the word used in a similar sense.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > [noun] > discontent with prevailing state of affairs

anger1957

1937 H. G. Wells Brynhild vii. 100 It brings my Anger back. I am an Angry Man... Almost professionally.]

1957 J. Holloway in Hudson Rev. 10 424 Notes on the ‘School of Anger’.

1957 J. Holloway in Hudson Rev. 10 426 The anger of Sassoon's war poem was not, of course, the kind..of Amis, Wain, Osborne, etc.

1979 C. P. Bendau C. Wilson 26 Denying the presence of any shared purpose among these writers, he [sc. Kenneth Allsop] went on to accuse the public of misreading and misnaming anger for dissentience.

2003 S. Brook in D. Lea & B. Schoene Posting Male 19 Most critics of the ‘Angry Young Men’ have been more interested in the ‘anger’ than the ‘young men’.

3. Physical pain or illness; spec. the condition of being abnormally red and hot (as a result of inflammation or infection); = angriness n. 2. Cf. angry adj. 10a. Now rare (chiefly English regional (northern) in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun]

sorec825

acheeOE

wrakeOE

trayOE

woe?a1200

pinec1200

sorrowc1225

teenc1225

grievousness1303

dolec1320

balea1325

painc1330

warkingc1340

dolour?c1370

sufferance1422

offencea1425

angerc1440

sufferingc1450

penalty?1462

penality1496

grief1509

stress1533

sufferance1597

somatalgia1607

suffering1609

tort1632

miserya1825

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > inflammation > [noun]

heatc1000

fireOE

burning1382

phlegmona1398

disdainc1400

angerc1440

scaldingc1450

brounes1528

inflaming1530

combustion?1541

inflammation1541

incension1598

fieriness1600

angriness1612

exustion1657

phlogosis1666

phlegmasia1706

scald1882

c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 61 (MED) Anoynte hym firste with popilion if he hafe anger in his lyuer.

1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid ii. xiv. 110 Many times there is a grim anger in the Hand or Finger.

1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (lviii. 9 Annot.) 298/1 Rawness and anger (in that dialect, wherein we call a sore angry).

1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale (at cited word) ‘My leg's full o' anger’, i.e. of heat and redness.

1897 S. Baring-Gould Guavas the Tinner xiv. 139 He would need attention..until the anger of the wound and the convulsive spasms of his strained muscles had abated.

1997 W. Rollinson Dict. Cumbrian Dial. 3/2 Anger, inflammation.

4. In extended use with reference to the sea, sky, wind, etc.: the condition of being violent, raging, or stormy. Cf. angered adj. 3; angry adj. 11.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > stormy weather > storminess

troublenessc1380

anger1566

storminess1587

tempestuousness1648

troublesomeness1648

stormfulness1834

1566 J. Studley tr. Seneca Agamemnon iii. sig. C.ii^v It doth me good, to mayster thus the anger of the skye, with Pallas wrath, the lightnyng flames and floods tumultyng hye.

1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim i. 2 He committed himself not once or twice to the anger of the Sea.

a1721 M. Prior tr. Tibullus 4th Elegy in Misc. Wks. (1739) 292 Much rather wou'd I be stone, and lie Expos'd to all the anger of the sky.

1819 W. Wordsworth Waggoner ii. 73 The utmost anger of the sky.

1850 M. F. Tupper tr. King Alfred's Poems xii. 53 The stark wind East by North Lately rush'd in anger forth.

1913 Times 11 Oct. 4/1 The chorus moralizes about the sea becoming calm again when the anger of the wind abates.

1972 Transcript (North Adams, Mass.) 9 Oct. 12/4 (caption) Heavy waves..gnaw at Plum Island's beaches... About 12,000 empty sandbags were..placed in position to blunt the sea's anger.

2018 Herald Express (Torquay) (Nexis) 14 Feb. 30 We sometimes need to guard against the occasional anger of the seas surrounding us.

Phrases

in anger.

a. As an expression, manifestation, or consequence of anger; when angry.more-in-sorrow-than-in-anger: see sorrow n. and adj. Phrases 4.

ΚΠ

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 320 So depe was hir wo bigonnen And eek hir hert in angre Ronnen A sorowful thyng wel semed she.

1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) iii. xi. f. 66 Apollodorus the phylosopher, taught to the emperour Octauian, that before he speake or do any thynge in anger, he do recite in order, al the letters of the A, B, C.

1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 230 Ham. How look't he, frowningly? Hor. A countenance more in sorrow than in anger.

1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 198 Sometimes he's pleas'd, sometimes in anger frowns.

1841 Bentley's Misc. 8 332 ‘Sit down, Richard,’ he said on perceiving me, ‘and whatever you do, don't speak to me hastily, or in anger. I cannot bear it.’

1937 J. F. Dobie in J. F. Dobie & M. C. Boatright Straight Texas 26 He tried to ride the horse, mounting three times to be thrown each time. In anger he shot the horse.

2011 Leader-Post (Regina, Sask.) (Nexis) 27 Oct. aa4 The old-school discipliner who bangs his hands on his desk in anger and tosses papers around.

b. With serious or hostile intent; not as a practice or drill; in earnest.

ΚΠ

1612 I. M. tr. Most Famous Hist. Meruine i. xxii. 145 The army..ouerthrew a thousand Pagans that neuer rose againe to draw sword in anger.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xviii. 216 Cowards are generally stout when Dangers are at a Distance, and so was our General, who had never seen a Sword drawn in Anger.

1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. iii. 106 A boy, who had seldom smelled powder fired in anger before.

1885 Times 23 Jan. 9/2 A man who had never commanded a regiment or fired a shot in anger.

1977 G. Nicholson Great Bike Race (1978) i. 23 He is the only one of us to have ridden a bicycle in anger, and was on the point of turning professional when he was offered a job on Cycling magazine.

2012 Daily Tel. 12 Oct. 33/1 The nuclear-powered attack submarine..that year became the first of her kind to fire in anger.

2014 R. Newman Motor Racing Heroes 124 No other woman would drive a Formula 1 car in anger again until 1974.

Compounds

(In sense 2a.)

C1. General use as a modifier.

ΚΠ

1654 J. Ellistone & J. Sparrow tr. J. Böhme Mysterium Magnum xliii. 299 Gods Love-Eye doth not see essentially into the wicked rebellious Apostate Soul..but his Anger-Eye, seeth thereinto.

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xxxvi. 181 My heat has melted thee to anger-glow.

1860 ‘M. Harland’ Nemesis v. 71 With the passing of the anger-fit, came a burst of contrite tears.

1918 R. F. Richardson Psychol. & Pedagogy Anger iv. 90 This side of anger expression is educationally important.

1997 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 15 Sept. a8/5 To attend anger-control counseling..in exchange for having the misdemeanor assault charge dismissed.

2009 Vanity Fair May 66 A portrait of a self-destructive fighter struggling with what might charitably be called ‘anger issues’.

C2. With participles, forming compounds in which anger expresses the object of the underlying verb, as anger-kindling, etc., adjs.

ΚΠ

1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 76 Anger-kindling Taunt, the certain Bane Of well-knit Fellowship.

1874 S. B. James Morals Mottoes i. 3 ‘I serve’, is indeed a love-causing, and not an anger-causing, motto.

1901 ‘L. Malet’ Hist. Richard Calmady v. i. 384 Actuality of rain-blurred, wind-scourged town without, and anger-begetting memories of Brockhurst within.

1991 Family Pract. 8 419/2 Smoking and eating behaviour, stress logs, anger-engendering incidents..have been assessed.

2005 El Paso (Texas) Times (Nexis) 12 Feb. b9 Animal Control's latest foray into the Realm of Ultimate Insensitivity is not so much anger-kindling as it is depressing.

C3. As a modifier, with the sense ‘by or with anger’, as anger-burning, anger-swollen, etc., adjs.

ΚΠ

1603 T. Winter tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Second Day of First Weeke 13 She..might the anger-swollen cheekes disdaine Of Auster, who in parching heate delighteth.

1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect ii. vii. 74 Angrer-boyling blood.

1647 J. Cleveland Poems in Char. London-diurnall (Wing C4662) 16 Ajax with his anger-quodl'd braine.

1844 Ainsworth's Mag. 6 385/2 The veins were swollen high By the anger-driven flood.

1869 J. M. Leavitt Afranius 136 Why rides the Son with anger-burning eye Upon the trembling circles of the sky?

1879 Spectator 6 Sept. 1128/2 The sea had scarcely a wrinkle on the salt face which but a night or two before had looked anger-lined and wind-worn.

1912 Eau Claire (Wisconsin) Leader 26 Mar. 2/2 Picture man..turning his insolent, anger-swollen face to that God and His celestial court and crying out, ‘To hell with creation’.

2004 J. L. Moore Once upon Homestead li. 170 He looked at her anger lined face and reached up and rubbed his jaw.

C4.

anger management n. originally U.S. control of one's anger, esp. when the emotion is frequently felt and is likely to result in violent behaviour; frequently attributive, esp. designating a course, support group, etc., which helps achieve this control.

ΚΠ

1975 R. W. Novaco Anger Control 8 Once a set of principles for anger management is developed, the self-instruction format provides for the direct translation of those principles in an educational-therapeutic context whereby the person gains self-control and personal effectiveness.

1984 Washington Post (Nexis) 20 Dec. (Virginia Weekly section) 15 An anger-management group for men who have emotionally or physically abused their spouses.

2018 Bangor (Maine) Daily News (Nexis) 21 Aug. Most offenders have been required as part of their probation to attend anger management classes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

angerv.

Brit.

/ˈaŋɡə/, U.S.

/ˈæŋɡər/

Forms: early Middle English anngrenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English ongre, Middle English (in a late copy) angar, Middle English angir, Middle English angrye, Middle English angur, Middle English–1600s angre, Middle English– anger; also Scottish pre-1700 anger, pre-1700 angir, pre-1700 angryit (past tense).

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Probably partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: anger n.

Etymology: Originally < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic angra to grieve, vex) < the same Germanic base as anger n. In later use probably independently < anger n. Compare later angry v.In sense 3 after classical Latin irrītāre irritate v.¹

†1.

a. transitive. To distress or trouble (a person); to cause harm or offence to (a person). Also reflexive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > cause mental pain or suffering to [verb (transitive)]

heavyc897

pineeOE

aileOE

sorryeOE

traya1000

sorrowOE

to work (also do) (a person) woeOE

angerc1175

smarta1200

to work, bake, brew balec1200

derve?c1225

grieve?c1225

sitc1225

sweam?c1225

gnawc1230

sughc1230

troublec1230

aggrievea1325

to think sweama1325

unframea1325

anguish1340

teen1340

sowa1352

distrainc1374

to-troublea1382

strain1382

unglad1390

afflicta1393

paina1393

distressa1400

hita1400

sorea1400

assayc1400

remordc1400

temptc1400

to sit (or set) one sorec1420

overthrow?a1425

visit1424

labour1437

passionc1470

arraya1500

constraina1500

misgrievea1500

attempt1525

exagitate1532

to wring to the worse1542

toil1549

lament1580

adolorate1598

rankle1659

try1702

to pass over ——1790

upset1805

to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823

to put (a person) through it1855

bludgeon1888

to get to ——1904

to put through the hoop(s)1919

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > upset or perturb [verb (transitive)]

to-wendc893

mingeOE

dreveOE

angerc1175

sturb?c1225

worec1225

troublec1230

sturble1303

disturbc1305

movea1325

disturblec1330

drubblea1340

drovec1350

distroublec1369

tempestc1374

outsturba1382

unresta1382

stroublec1384

unquietc1384

conturb1393

mismaya1400

unquemea1400

uneasec1400

discomfita1425

smite?a1425

perturbc1425

pertrouble?1435

inquiet1486

toss1526

alter1529

disquiet1530

turmoil1530

perturbate1533

broil1548

mis-set?1553

shake1567

parbruilyiec1586

agitate1587

roil1590

transpose1594

discompose1603

harrow1609

hurry1611

obturb1623

shog1636

untune1638

alarm1649

disorder1655

begruntlea1670

pother1692

disconcert1695

ruffle1701

tempestuate1702

rough1777

caddle1781

to put out1796

upset1805

discomfort1806

start1821

faze1830

bother1832

to put aback1833

to put about1843

raft1844

queer1845

rattle1865

to turn over1865

untranquillize1874

hack1881

rock1881

to shake up1884

to put off1909

to go (also pass) through a phase1913

to weird out1970

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 432 Nan þing..Þatt mihhte ohht anngrenn oþre.

a1300 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Jesus Oxf.) (1935) l. 1588 (MED) & is þat gode wif vnbliþe..& hire sore an heorte ongreþ [c1275 Calig. ongred].

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiv. l. 244 Þough auarice wolde angre [c1400 C text angrye] þe pore.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 3526 Is it youre ese Hym forto angre or disese?

?a1518 H. Watson Ualentyne & Orson (1555) cv. sig. Yy.v^v The traytours dyd it for to angre the kyng.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 113 He angurt hym full euyll..ffor the dethe of þe dere his dole was þe more.

b. intransitive. To experience distress or anxiety; to grieve. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > feel sorrow or grief [verb (intransitive)]

sorroweOE

sorryeOE

careOE

heavyOE

mournOE

rueOE

murkenOE

dole13..

likec1330

wailc1374

ensorrowc1384

gloppen?a1400

sytea1400

teena1400

grievec1400

angera1425

erme1481

yearna1500

aggrieve1559

discomfort?a1560

melancholyc1580

to eat one's (own) heart1590

repent1590

passion1598

sigh1642

a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 5^v Anxior, to angur.

a. intransitive. To become angry. Also with prepositional complement indicating the cause or object of the anger.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)]

wrethec900

anbelgheOE

wratha1225

wrakea1300

grievec1350

angera1400

sweata1400

smoke1548

to put or set up the back1728

to have (also get) one's monkey up1833

to get (also have) the pricker1871

to have, get a cob on1937

grrra1963

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 3984 (MED) Enuyus men, euyl þey sowe..Ȝyf þey se þat one doþ more, Enuyus þan angreþ sore.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3883 (MED) What vaylith it..to angir or to curs?

1547 J. Wilkinson tr. Aristotle Ethiques xiii. sig. C.ii A man that angreth with a thing so much as it behoueth, is called meke.

1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins Iests to make you Merie 34 The maide accused for it, and the maister and mistres angring against her.

1786 R. Burns Poems 26 When neebors anger at a plea.

1819 J. Burness Plays, Poems 201 My muse will nae assist me langer, The dorty jade sometimes does anger.

1871 tr. J. C. Du Boys Countess of Monte-Cristo liii. 209/1 The count was at the moment in an apathy, during which he angered at nothing.

1938 H. Lee Fox in Cloak vii. 40 Alec reddened. When he had had a drink he angered quickly.

2009 S. P. Thomas Transforming Nurses' Stress & Anger viii. 173 Our research team found that the lower the self-esteem, the higher a woman's tendency to anger easily.

(a) transitive. To make (a person) angry, provoke (a person) to anger; to annoy, irritate, enrage, infuriate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (transitive)] > make angry

wrethec900

abelgheeOE

abaeileOE

teenOE

i-wrathec1075

wratha1200

awratha1250

gramec1275

forthcalla1300

excitea1340

grieve1362

movea1382

achafea1400

craba1400

angerc1400

mada1425

provokec1425

forwrecchec1450

wrothc1450

arage1470

incensea1513

puff1526

angry1530

despite1530

exasperate1534

exasper1545

stunt1583

pepper1599

enfever1647

nanger1675

to put or set up the back1728

roil1742

outrage1818

to put a person's monkey up1833

to get one's back up1840

to bring one's nap up1843

rouse1843

to get a person's shirt out1844

heat1855

to steam up1860

to get one's rag out1862

steam1922

to burn up1923

to flip out1964

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex

gremec893

dretchc900

awhenec1000

teenOE

fretc1290

annoyc1300

atrayc1320

encumberc1330

diseasec1340

grindc1350

distemperc1386

offenda1387

arra1400

avexa1400

derea1400

miscomforta1400

angerc1400

engrievec1400

vex1418

molesta1425

entrouble?1435

destroublea1450

poina1450

rubc1450

to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450

disprofit1483

agrea1492

trouble1515

grig1553

mis-set?1553

nip?1553

grate1555

gripe1559

spitec1563

fike?1572

gall1573

corsie1574

corrosive1581

touch1581

disaccommodate1586

macerate1588

perplex1590

thorn1592

exulcerate1593

plague1595

incommode1598

affret1600

brier1601

to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603

discommodate1606

incommodate1611

to grate on or upon1631

disincommodate1635

shog1636

ulcerate1647

incommodiate1650

to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653

discommodiate1654

discommode1657

ruffle1659

regrate1661

disoblige1668

torment1718

pesta1729

chagrin1734

pingle1740

bothera1745

potter1747

wherrit1762

to tweak the nose of1784

to play up1803

tout1808

rasp1810

outrage1818

worrit1818

werrit1825

buggerlug1850

taigle1865

get1867

to give a person the pip1881

to get across ——1888

nark1888

eat1893

to twist the tail1895

dudgeon1906

to tweak the tail of1909

sore1929

to put up1930

wouldn't it rip you!1941

sheg1943

to dick around1944

cheese1946

to pee off1946

to honk off1970

to fuck off1973

to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977

to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983

to wind up1984

to dick about1996

to-teen-

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 117 Who-so hath more þan I, þat angreth me sore.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxxvii. f. xiiii^v Lyghtly he slewe all men y^t hym tened or angred.

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. iii. 193 I anger her sometimes, and tell her that Paris is the properer man.

a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) iii. i. sig. G3 Do not anger me, For by this hand Ile beate the buzard blind then.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 41 A person free from passion, whom none could anger out of his ordinary temper.

a1722 J. Lauder Jrnls. (1900) 121 Their was no way I could anger them [sc. Frenchmen] worse then to speak in Scots to them.

1765 N. Weekes Temptation 36 in Messiah Church-Instructions anger churchless men.

1841 E. Miall in Nonconformist 1 9 It would be difficult to anger the people just now.

1882 Athenæum No. 2831. 121 He angered every body who was affected by the project.

1920 S. Lewis Main St. ix. 101 No group angered her quite so much as these staring young roués.

1965 A. J. P. Taylor Eng. Hist. 1914–45 xiii. 441 Chamberlain..had been angered by the German annexation of Austria.

2014 Radio Times 23 Aug. (South/West ed.) 58/3 The increased use of off-road vehicles on the area's green lanes has angered many residents of local villages.

(b) transitive. With non-referential it as subject, or (in early use) impersonal.In quot. c1540 used intransitively with object implied.

ΚΠ

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 1662 Me angers at Arthure.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiv. l. 322 It angerit him..That twis in-to battell was he Discumfit with ane few menȝhe.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 71^v Hit angris to abide Or tary..when tulkes ben redy.

1615 S. Ward Coal from Altar 56 It angred Demosthenes to see a Smith earelier at his Anuile, then hee was at his Deske.

1652 J. Howell Hermeticall Banquet ii. 70 It angred me to hear a Philosopher so lost in Obstinacy.

1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight Dialogue II 11 It anger'd Turenne..To see a Footman kick'd that took his pay.

1809 R. Southey Lett. II. 165 It angers me when people..depreciate the Spaniards.

1869 Chambers's Jrnl. 1 May 277/1 It angers me to have to listen to their long-drawn stupid drawl.

1918 Everybody's Mag. 38 64/3 It angered her that she could not make either of these alternatives stick.

1992 Field & Stream Sept. 6/1 It angers me when I think about the ‘blue-ribbon’ waters that have been lost by man's intrusion in the form of a dam.

2011 M. Crow Stories Fear 24 It angered him how all of the campers were so happy and had such wonderful lives.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (reflexive)]

i-wrathec1075

wratha1225

wrethec1275

movec1300

grieve1377

wrothc1425

anger?c1450

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 20 Anger you not..of that that he saithe.

?1586 R. P. tr. D. Ortúñez de Calahorra Third Pt. First Bk. Mirrour of Knighthood xiv. f. 64^v They are in such a rage, that for euerie light thing they doe not onelie anger themselues against fortune, but also against themselues.

1670 W. Annand Pater Noster v. vi. 378 The Lyon is said to anger himself before fight, by beating his sides with his tail.

1813 D. W. Paynter Godfrey Ranger III. x. 172 I will, for the future, fret and anger myself about nothing, until I have turned it over in my mind with caution.

1864 H. Sandwith Hekim Bashi I. xi. 181 Don't anger yourself, Hekim Bashi, or you will spoil your digestion.

1920 E. Obecny tr. W. S. Reymont Comédienne x. 427 Only foolish people anger themselves or rejoice. A man ought merely to look on, observe, and go his own way.

2009 J. Gilstrap No Mercy xlii. 364 She wanted to sound bold, but angered herself with a tiny catch in her voice.

3. transitive. To irritate or inflame (a wound, etc.). Also figurative and in figurative contexts. Cf. angry adj. 10a. Now rare (archaic and regional in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > affect with type of pain [verb (transitive)] > irritate

anger?a1425

ranklec1450

exasperate1552

prorite1574

annoy1576

vellicate1604

proritate1620

irritate1674

aggravate1835

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 83^v (MED) Wondez angred [?c1425 Paris greuede; L. irritata] with mordificatiuez.

1591 R. Southwell Marie Magdalens Funeral Teares f. 27 What else soeuer you say of him, doth but draw more humors to her sore, and rather anger it, then any way asswage it.

a1626 F. Bacon Wks. (1861) VI. 411 He..maketh the wound bleed inwards, and angereth malign ulcers.

1676 W. H. Puritan Convert 3 God forbid, I should willingly anger those wounds, which with my Soul I desire to cure.

1733 A. Pope Impertinent 9 Itch most hurts, when anger'd to a Sore.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. iv. 25 Uncle Toby perceiving that [it]..angered his wound,..left off the study of projectiles.

1875 J. H. Nodal & G. Milner Gloss. Lancs. Dial.: Pt. I 11 Yon lad's foot gets no betther; he's bin walkin' this mornin', an his stockin' mun 'a angert it.

1891 J. Baron Blegburn Dickshonary in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1898) 57/2 When yo're towd nod to anger a soore place.

1986 M. George Autobiogr. Henry VIII 707 You would be angering the wound for nothing.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	anger
释义	angern. Brit. /ˈaŋɡə/, U.S. /ˈæŋɡər/ Forms: Middle English angur, Middle English angure, Middle English (1700s nonstandard) hanger, Middle English–1500s angar, Middle English–1500s angyr, Middle English–1600s angre, Middle English– anger; Scottish pre-1700 angger, pre-1700 angir, pre-1700 angre, pre-1700 angyr, pre-1700 1700s– anger. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic angr trouble, affliction, Old Danish anger (Danish (now literary) anger ), Old Swedish anger (Swedish ånger ), also in the senses ‘grief’, ‘contrition’) < the same Germanic base as Old Icelandic ǫngur (plural noun) anguish, distress (see ange adv. and n.). Compare earlier anger v., ange n.In early use this word is sometimes difficult to distinguish from angor n. Although it occasionally translates classical Latin angor angor n. (e.g. in quot. c1520 at sense 1), the subsequent semantic development of the word shows no evidence of influence from the Latin noun. †1. A feeling or state of distress; sorrow, anguish; trouble, suffering, affliction. Obsolete (chiefly Scottish in later use). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun] sorec888 teeneOE sorrowOE workOE wrakeOE careOE gramec1000 harmOE howc1000 trayOE woweOE angec1175 derfnessc1175 sytec1175 unwinc1175 wosithc1200 ail?c1225 barrat?c1225 derf?c1225 grief?c1225 misease?c1225 misliking?c1225 ofthinkingc1225 passion?c1225 troublec1230 pinec1275 distress1297 grievancea1300 penancea1300 cumbermentc1300 languorc1300 cumbering1303 were1303 angera1325 strifea1325 sweama1325 woea1325 painc1330 tribulationc1330 illa1340 threst1340 constraintc1374 troublenessc1380 afflictiona1382 bruisinga1382 miseasetya1382 pressurec1384 exercisec1386 miscomfortc1390 mislikea1400 smarta1400 thronga1400 balec1400 painfulnessc1400 troublancec1400 smartness?c1425 painliness1435 perplexity?a1439 penalty?1462 calamity1490 penality1496 cumber?a1513 sussy1513 tribule1513 afflict?1529 vexation of spirit1535 troublesomeness1561 hoe1567 grievedness1571 tribulance1575 languishment1576 thrall1578 tine1590 languorment1593 aggrievedness1594 obturbation1623 afflictedness1646 erumny1657 pathos1684 shock1705 dree1791 vex1815 wrungnessa1875 dukkha1886 thinkache1892 sufferation1976 the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction teeneOE harmOE sourc1000 trayOE angec1175 wosithc1200 ail?c1225 barrat?c1225 misease?c1225 passion?c1225 troublec1230 sorenessc1275 grievancea1300 cumbermentc1300 cumbering1303 thro1303 angera1325 strifea1325 sweama1325 encumbrancec1330 tribulationc1330 threst1340 mischiefa1375 pressc1375 unhend1377 miseasetya1382 angernessc1390 molestc1390 troublancec1400 notea1425 miseasenessc1450 cumber?a1513 tribule1513 unseasonableness?1523 troublesomeness1561 tribulance1575 tine1590 trials and tribulations1591 pressure1648 difficulty1667 hell to pay1758 dree1791 trial and tribulation1792 Queer Street1811 Sturm und Drang1857 a thin time1924 shit1929 crap1932 shtook1936 the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [noun] sorrowOE ail?c1225 scorpion?c1225 dolec1290 angera1325 anguishc1330 cupa1340 aggrievancea1400 discomfortc1405 afflictionc1429 sytec1440 pressurea1500 constraint1509 tenterhook1532 grief1535 annoying1566 troubler1567 griper1573 vexation1588 infliction1590 trouble1591 temptationc1595 load1600 torment1600 wringer1602 sorance1609 inflicting1611 brusha1616 freighta1631 woe-heart1637 ordeala1658 cut-up1782 unpleasure1792 iron maiden1870 mental cruelty1899 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 972 Ghe held hire hard in ðralles wune, And dede hire sorge and anger mune. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xxii. l. 291 To suffren al þat god sente, syknesses and angres. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 102 For the deth of whiche childe the anger & sorow was moche the more. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 321 Thir angrys may I na mar drey. 1509 tr. A. de la Sale Fyftene Ioyes of Maryage (de Worde) (new ed.) vii. sig. H.j^v He suffreth anger trouble peyne and wo. c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1903) II. Rom. ii. 9 In occasione of angre [L. angoribus] maist bittir..ay happie sche schew her selfe. 2. a. A strong feeling of displeasure, dissatisfaction, or annoyance, generally combined with antagonism or hostility towards a particular cause or object; the state of experiencing such feelings; wrath, rage, fury.Now the usual sense. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [noun] irrec825 gramec1000 brathc1175 wrathc1175 mooda1225 ortha1225 felonyc1290 irea1300 greme13.. thro1303 wrathhead1303 errorc1320 angera1325 gremth1340 iroura1380 brethc1380 couragec1386 heavinessc1386 felona1400 follya1400 wrathnessc1440 choler1530 blast1535 malice1538 excandescency1604 stomachosity1656 bad blood1664 corruption1799 needle1874 irateness1961 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1216 Ysmael pleide hard gamen. Sarra was ðor-fore often wroð, Hir was ysmaeles anger loð. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 102 Ne cowthe I after that be wroth, Bot al myn Anger overgoth. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope f. xxiiij Therfore thou shalt fyrst loue god, and shalle kepe thy self fro the wrath and angre of thy kynge. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Eph. iv. f. x Restrayn your angre, whan it would barst out. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. i. ii. viii. 38 Anger, which is a desire of revenge, Hatred which is inveterate anger. 1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 168 Anger is a vehement heat of the minde, which brings palenesse to the countenance, burning to the eyes, and trembling to the parts of the body. 1712 A. Pope tr. Statius Thebais in Misc. Poems 46 The Nymph, her Father's Anger to evade, Now flies from Argos. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia III. v. ii. 34 He was almost out of his senses with anger that we had acquainted you with his distress, and he said it was publishing his misery. 1835 W. Beckford Recoll. Monasteries Alcobaça & Batalha 146 Anger pervaded his every look and gesture. 1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost xiv. 393 Anger has its proper use. Anger is the executive power of justice. 1912 C. Young Mil. Morale Nations & Places ii. i. 147 The German..is as easily led into extremes..anger rouses into fury, just resentment turns into rancor. 1962 Life 23 Feb. 77/3 His moods deteriorate from friendliness to black anger so quickly. 2012 N.Y. Times 24 Nov. a20/3 I am filled with sorrow and anger at the senseless loss of life..in the Hurricane Sandy tragedy. †b. A fit or bout of anger (in sense 2a). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > [noun] > fit(s) or outburst(s) of anger wratha1200 wrethea1400 hatelc1400 angerc1425 braida1450 fumea1529 passion1530 fustian fume1553 ruff1567 pelt1573 spleen1590 blaze1597 huff1599 blustera1616 dog-flawa1625 overboiling1767 explosion1769 squall1807 blowout1825 flare-up1837 fit1841 bust-up1842 wax1854 Scot1859 pelter1861 ructions1862 performance1864 outfling1865 rise1877 detonation1878 flare-out1879 bait1882 paddy1894 paddywhack1899 wingding1927 wing-dinger1933 eppie1987 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 2611 Priam spak vn-to þe quene In an anger, and gan hir to abreide. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. clxxxv^v/2 In an angre [he] toke his swerde and smote of the heed of thys holy man. 1562 Certayn Serm. preached in Lincs. in H. Latimer 27 Serm. ii. f. 28 There was a man slain of an other man in an anger, it was done openly. a1600 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 303 He tuik ane anger and tuike wpe his campe. 1614 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 302 He hard Robert say in ane anger [etc.]. 1679 T. Hobbes Behemoth (unauthorized ed.) 74 If the King upon the refusal, should fall upon them in an Anger, [etc.]. c. Dissatisfaction with or outrage against existing social and political structures, esp. as expressed in a literary work. Cf. angry adj. 5.With direct or implicit reference to John Osborne's play Look Back in Anger (first performed 1956), and the social realism and anti-establishment attitudes characterizing the work of Osborne and a number of other British writers of the 1950s (see note at angry young man n. at angry adj. Compounds 2).Quot. 1937 represents an unconnected and apparently isolated early example of the word used in a similar sense. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > [noun] > discontent with prevailing state of affairs anger1957 1937 H. G. Wells Brynhild vii. 100 It brings my Anger back. I am an Angry Man... Almost professionally.] 1957 J. Holloway in Hudson Rev. 10 424 Notes on the ‘School of Anger’. 1957 J. Holloway in Hudson Rev. 10 426 The anger of Sassoon's war poem was not, of course, the kind..of Amis, Wain, Osborne, etc. 1979 C. P. Bendau C. Wilson 26 Denying the presence of any shared purpose among these writers, he [sc. Kenneth Allsop] went on to accuse the public of misreading and misnaming anger for dissentience. 2003 S. Brook in D. Lea & B. Schoene Posting Male 19 Most critics of the ‘Angry Young Men’ have been more interested in the ‘anger’ than the ‘young men’. 3. Physical pain or illness; spec. the condition of being abnormally red and hot (as a result of inflammation or infection); = angriness n. 2. Cf. angry adj. 10a. Now rare (chiefly English regional (northern) in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun] sorec825 acheeOE wrakeOE trayOE woe?a1200 pinec1200 sorrowc1225 teenc1225 grievousness1303 dolec1320 balea1325 painc1330 warkingc1340 dolour?c1370 sufferance1422 offencea1425 angerc1440 sufferingc1450 penalty?1462 penality1496 grief1509 stress1533 sufferance1597 somatalgia1607 suffering1609 tort1632 miserya1825 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > inflammation > [noun] heatc1000 fireOE burning1382 phlegmona1398 disdainc1400 angerc1440 scaldingc1450 brounes1528 inflaming1530 combustion?1541 inflammation1541 incension1598 fieriness1600 angriness1612 exustion1657 phlogosis1666 phlegmasia1706 scald1882 c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 61 (MED) Anoynte hym firste with popilion if he hafe anger in his lyuer. 1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid ii. xiv. 110 Many times there is a grim anger in the Hand or Finger. 1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (lviii. 9 Annot.) 298/1 Rawness and anger (in that dialect, wherein we call a sore angry). 1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale (at cited word) ‘My leg's full o' anger’, i.e. of heat and redness. 1897 S. Baring-Gould Guavas the Tinner xiv. 139 He would need attention..until the anger of the wound and the convulsive spasms of his strained muscles had abated. 1997 W. Rollinson Dict. Cumbrian Dial. 3/2 Anger, inflammation. 4. In extended use with reference to the sea, sky, wind, etc.: the condition of being violent, raging, or stormy. Cf. angered adj. 3; angry adj. 11. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > stormy weather > storminess troublenessc1380 anger1566 storminess1587 tempestuousness1648 troublesomeness1648 stormfulness1834 1566 J. Studley tr. Seneca Agamemnon iii. sig. C.ii^v It doth me good, to mayster thus the anger of the skye, with Pallas wrath, the lightnyng flames and floods tumultyng hye. 1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim i. 2 He committed himself not once or twice to the anger of the Sea. a1721 M. Prior tr. Tibullus 4th Elegy in Misc. Wks. (1739) 292 Much rather wou'd I be stone, and lie Expos'd to all the anger of the sky. 1819 W. Wordsworth Waggoner ii. 73 The utmost anger of the sky. 1850 M. F. Tupper tr. King Alfred's Poems xii. 53 The stark wind East by North Lately rush'd in anger forth. 1913 Times 11 Oct. 4/1 The chorus moralizes about the sea becoming calm again when the anger of the wind abates. 1972 Transcript (North Adams, Mass.) 9 Oct. 12/4 (caption) Heavy waves..gnaw at Plum Island's beaches... About 12,000 empty sandbags were..placed in position to blunt the sea's anger. 2018 Herald Express (Torquay) (Nexis) 14 Feb. 30 We sometimes need to guard against the occasional anger of the seas surrounding us. Phrases in anger. a. As an expression, manifestation, or consequence of anger; when angry.more-in-sorrow-than-in-anger: see sorrow n. and adj. Phrases 4. ΚΠ a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 320 So depe was hir wo bigonnen And eek hir hert in angre Ronnen A sorowful thyng wel semed she. 1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) iii. xi. f. 66 Apollodorus the phylosopher, taught to the emperour Octauian, that before he speake or do any thynge in anger, he do recite in order, al the letters of the A, B, C. 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 230 Ham. How look't he, frowningly? Hor. A countenance more in sorrow than in anger. 1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 198 Sometimes he's pleas'd, sometimes in anger frowns. 1841 Bentley's Misc. 8 332 ‘Sit down, Richard,’ he said on perceiving me, ‘and whatever you do, don't speak to me hastily, or in anger. I cannot bear it.’ 1937 J. F. Dobie in J. F. Dobie & M. C. Boatright Straight Texas 26 He tried to ride the horse, mounting three times to be thrown each time. In anger he shot the horse. 2011 Leader-Post (Regina, Sask.) (Nexis) 27 Oct. aa4 The old-school discipliner who bangs his hands on his desk in anger and tosses papers around. b. With serious or hostile intent; not as a practice or drill; in earnest. ΚΠ 1612 I. M. tr. Most Famous Hist. Meruine i. xxii. 145 The army..ouerthrew a thousand Pagans that neuer rose againe to draw sword in anger. 1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xviii. 216 Cowards are generally stout when Dangers are at a Distance, and so was our General, who had never seen a Sword drawn in Anger. 1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. iii. 106 A boy, who had seldom smelled powder fired in anger before. 1885 Times 23 Jan. 9/2 A man who had never commanded a regiment or fired a shot in anger. 1977 G. Nicholson Great Bike Race (1978) i. 23 He is the only one of us to have ridden a bicycle in anger, and was on the point of turning professional when he was offered a job on Cycling magazine. 2012 Daily Tel. 12 Oct. 33/1 The nuclear-powered attack submarine..that year became the first of her kind to fire in anger. 2014 R. Newman Motor Racing Heroes 124 No other woman would drive a Formula 1 car in anger again until 1974. Compounds (In sense 2a.) C1. General use as a modifier. ΚΠ 1654 J. Ellistone & J. Sparrow tr. J. Böhme Mysterium Magnum xliii. 299 Gods Love-Eye doth not see essentially into the wicked rebellious Apostate Soul..but his Anger-Eye, seeth thereinto. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xxxvi. 181 My heat has melted thee to anger-glow. 1860 ‘M. Harland’ Nemesis v. 71 With the passing of the anger-fit, came a burst of contrite tears. 1918 R. F. Richardson Psychol. & Pedagogy Anger iv. 90 This side of anger expression is educationally important. 1997 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 15 Sept. a8/5 To attend anger-control counseling..in exchange for having the misdemeanor assault charge dismissed. 2009 Vanity Fair May 66 A portrait of a self-destructive fighter struggling with what might charitably be called ‘anger issues’. C2. With participles, forming compounds in which anger expresses the object of the underlying verb, as anger-kindling, etc., adjs. ΚΠ 1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 76 Anger-kindling Taunt, the certain Bane Of well-knit Fellowship. 1874 S. B. James Morals Mottoes i. 3 ‘I serve’, is indeed a love-causing, and not an anger-causing, motto. 1901 ‘L. Malet’ Hist. Richard Calmady v. i. 384 Actuality of rain-blurred, wind-scourged town without, and anger-begetting memories of Brockhurst within. 1991 Family Pract. 8 419/2 Smoking and eating behaviour, stress logs, anger-engendering incidents..have been assessed. 2005 El Paso (Texas) Times (Nexis) 12 Feb. b9 Animal Control's latest foray into the Realm of Ultimate Insensitivity is not so much anger-kindling as it is depressing. C3. As a modifier, with the sense ‘by or with anger’, as anger-burning, anger-swollen, etc., adjs. ΚΠ 1603 T. Winter tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Second Day of First Weeke 13 She..might the anger-swollen cheekes disdaine Of Auster, who in parching heate delighteth. 1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect ii. vii. 74 Angrer-boyling blood. 1647 J. Cleveland Poems in Char. London-diurnall (Wing C4662) 16 Ajax with his anger-quodl'd braine. 1844 Ainsworth's Mag. 6 385/2 The veins were swollen high By the anger-driven flood. 1869 J. M. Leavitt Afranius 136 Why rides the Son with anger-burning eye Upon the trembling circles of the sky? 1879 Spectator 6 Sept. 1128/2 The sea had scarcely a wrinkle on the salt face which but a night or two before had looked anger-lined and wind-worn. 1912 Eau Claire (Wisconsin) Leader 26 Mar. 2/2 Picture man..turning his insolent, anger-swollen face to that God and His celestial court and crying out, ‘To hell with creation’. 2004 J. L. Moore Once upon Homestead li. 170 He looked at her anger lined face and reached up and rubbed his jaw. C4. anger management n. originally U.S. control of one's anger, esp. when the emotion is frequently felt and is likely to result in violent behaviour; frequently attributive, esp. designating a course, support group, etc., which helps achieve this control. ΚΠ 1975 R. W. Novaco Anger Control 8 Once a set of principles for anger management is developed, the self-instruction format provides for the direct translation of those principles in an educational-therapeutic context whereby the person gains self-control and personal effectiveness. 1984 Washington Post (Nexis) 20 Dec. (Virginia Weekly section) 15 An anger-management group for men who have emotionally or physically abused their spouses. 2018 Bangor (Maine) Daily News (Nexis) 21 Aug. Most offenders have been required as part of their probation to attend anger management classes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). angerv. Brit. /ˈaŋɡə/, U.S. /ˈæŋɡər/ Forms: early Middle English anngrenn ( Ormulum), early Middle English ongre, Middle English (in a late copy) angar, Middle English angir, Middle English angrye, Middle English angur, Middle English–1600s angre, Middle English– anger; also Scottish pre-1700 anger, pre-1700 angir, pre-1700 angryit (past tense). Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Probably partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: anger n. Etymology: Originally < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic angra to grieve, vex) < the same Germanic base as anger n. In later use probably independently < anger n. Compare later angry v.In sense 3 after classical Latin irrītāre irritate v.¹ †1. a. transitive. To distress or trouble (a person); to cause harm or offence to (a person). Also reflexive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > cause mental pain or suffering to [verb (transitive)] heavyc897 pineeOE aileOE sorryeOE traya1000 sorrowOE to work (also do) (a person) woeOE angerc1175 smarta1200 to work, bake, brew balec1200 derve?c1225 grieve?c1225 sitc1225 sweam?c1225 gnawc1230 sughc1230 troublec1230 aggrievea1325 to think sweama1325 unframea1325 anguish1340 teen1340 sowa1352 distrainc1374 to-troublea1382 strain1382 unglad1390 afflicta1393 paina1393 distressa1400 hita1400 sorea1400 assayc1400 remordc1400 temptc1400 to sit (or set) one sorec1420 overthrow?a1425 visit1424 labour1437 passionc1470 arraya1500 constraina1500 misgrievea1500 attempt1525 exagitate1532 to wring to the worse1542 toil1549 lament1580 adolorate1598 rankle1659 try1702 to pass over ——1790 upset1805 to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823 to put (a person) through it1855 bludgeon1888 to get to ——1904 to put through the hoop(s)1919 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > upset or perturb [verb (transitive)] to-wendc893 mingeOE dreveOE angerc1175 sturb?c1225 worec1225 troublec1230 sturble1303 disturbc1305 movea1325 disturblec1330 drubblea1340 drovec1350 distroublec1369 tempestc1374 outsturba1382 unresta1382 stroublec1384 unquietc1384 conturb1393 mismaya1400 unquemea1400 uneasec1400 discomfita1425 smite?a1425 perturbc1425 pertrouble?1435 inquiet1486 toss1526 alter1529 disquiet1530 turmoil1530 perturbate1533 broil1548 mis-set?1553 shake1567 parbruilyiec1586 agitate1587 roil1590 transpose1594 discompose1603 harrow1609 hurry1611 obturb1623 shog1636 untune1638 alarm1649 disorder1655 begruntlea1670 pother1692 disconcert1695 ruffle1701 tempestuate1702 rough1777 caddle1781 to put out1796 upset1805 discomfort1806 start1821 faze1830 bother1832 to put aback1833 to put about1843 raft1844 queer1845 rattle1865 to turn over1865 untranquillize1874 hack1881 rock1881 to shake up1884 to put off1909 to go (also pass) through a phase1913 to weird out1970 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 432 Nan þing..Þatt mihhte ohht anngrenn oþre. a1300 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Jesus Oxf.) (1935) l. 1588 (MED) & is þat gode wif vnbliþe..& hire sore an heorte ongreþ [c1275 Calig. ongred]. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiv. l. 244 Þough auarice wolde angre [c1400 C text angrye] þe pore. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 3526 Is it youre ese Hym forto angre or disese? ?a1518 H. Watson Ualentyne & Orson (1555) cv. sig. Yy.v^v The traytours dyd it for to angre the kyng. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 113 He angurt hym full euyll..ffor the dethe of þe dere his dole was þe more. b. intransitive. To experience distress or anxiety; to grieve. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > feel sorrow or grief [verb (intransitive)] sorroweOE sorryeOE careOE heavyOE mournOE rueOE murkenOE dole13.. likec1330 wailc1374 ensorrowc1384 gloppen?a1400 sytea1400 teena1400 grievec1400 angera1425 erme1481 yearna1500 aggrieve1559 discomfort?a1560 melancholyc1580 to eat one's (own) heart1590 repent1590 passion1598 sigh1642 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 5^v Anxior, to angur. 2. a. intransitive. To become angry. Also with prepositional complement indicating the cause or object of the anger. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] wrethec900 anbelgheOE wratha1225 wrakea1300 grievec1350 angera1400 sweata1400 smoke1548 to put or set up the back1728 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to have, get a cob on1937 grrra1963 a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 3984 (MED) Enuyus men, euyl þey sowe..Ȝyf þey se þat one doþ more, Enuyus þan angreþ sore. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3883 (MED) What vaylith it..to angir or to curs? 1547 J. Wilkinson tr. Aristotle Ethiques xiii. sig. C.ii A man that angreth with a thing so much as it behoueth, is called meke. 1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins Iests to make you Merie 34 The maide accused for it, and the maister and mistres angring against her. 1786 R. Burns Poems 26 When neebors anger at a plea. 1819 J. Burness Plays, Poems 201 My muse will nae assist me langer, The dorty jade sometimes does anger. 1871 tr. J. C. Du Boys Countess of Monte-Cristo liii. 209/1 The count was at the moment in an apathy, during which he angered at nothing. 1938 H. Lee Fox in Cloak vii. 40 Alec reddened. When he had had a drink he angered quickly. 2009 S. P. Thomas Transforming Nurses' Stress & Anger viii. 173 Our research team found that the lower the self-esteem, the higher a woman's tendency to anger easily. b. (a) transitive. To make (a person) angry, provoke (a person) to anger; to annoy, irritate, enrage, infuriate. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (transitive)] > make angry wrethec900 abelgheeOE abaeileOE teenOE i-wrathec1075 wratha1200 awratha1250 gramec1275 forthcalla1300 excitea1340 grieve1362 movea1382 achafea1400 craba1400 angerc1400 mada1425 provokec1425 forwrecchec1450 wrothc1450 arage1470 incensea1513 puff1526 angry1530 despite1530 exasperate1534 exasper1545 stunt1583 pepper1599 enfever1647 nanger1675 to put or set up the back1728 roil1742 outrage1818 to put a person's monkey up1833 to get one's back up1840 to bring one's nap up1843 rouse1843 to get a person's shirt out1844 heat1855 to steam up1860 to get one's rag out1862 steam1922 to burn up1923 to flip out1964 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex gremec893 dretchc900 awhenec1000 teenOE fretc1290 annoyc1300 atrayc1320 encumberc1330 diseasec1340 grindc1350 distemperc1386 offenda1387 arra1400 avexa1400 derea1400 miscomforta1400 angerc1400 engrievec1400 vex1418 molesta1425 entrouble?1435 destroublea1450 poina1450 rubc1450 to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450 disprofit1483 agrea1492 trouble1515 grig1553 mis-set?1553 nip?1553 grate1555 gripe1559 spitec1563 fike?1572 gall1573 corsie1574 corrosive1581 touch1581 disaccommodate1586 macerate1588 perplex1590 thorn1592 exulcerate1593 plague1595 incommode1598 affret1600 brier1601 to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603 discommodate1606 incommodate1611 to grate on or upon1631 disincommodate1635 shog1636 ulcerate1647 incommodiate1650 to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653 discommodiate1654 discommode1657 ruffle1659 regrate1661 disoblige1668 torment1718 pesta1729 chagrin1734 pingle1740 bothera1745 potter1747 wherrit1762 to tweak the nose of1784 to play up1803 tout1808 rasp1810 outrage1818 worrit1818 werrit1825 buggerlug1850 taigle1865 get1867 to give a person the pip1881 to get across ——1888 nark1888 eat1893 to twist the tail1895 dudgeon1906 to tweak the tail of1909 sore1929 to put up1930 wouldn't it rip you!1941 sheg1943 to dick around1944 cheese1946 to pee off1946 to honk off1970 to fuck off1973 to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977 to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983 to wind up1984 to dick about1996 to-teen- c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 117 Who-so hath more þan I, þat angreth me sore. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxxvii. f. xiiii^v Lyghtly he slewe all men y^t hym tened or angred. 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. iii. 193 I anger her sometimes, and tell her that Paris is the properer man. View more context for this quotation a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) iii. i. sig. G3 Do not anger me, For by this hand Ile beate the buzard blind then. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 41 A person free from passion, whom none could anger out of his ordinary temper. a1722 J. Lauder Jrnls. (1900) 121 Their was no way I could anger them [sc. Frenchmen] worse then to speak in Scots to them. 1765 N. Weekes Temptation 36 in Messiah Church-Instructions anger churchless men. 1841 E. Miall in Nonconformist 1 9 It would be difficult to anger the people just now. 1882 Athenæum No. 2831. 121 He angered every body who was affected by the project. 1920 S. Lewis Main St. ix. 101 No group angered her quite so much as these staring young roués. 1965 A. J. P. Taylor Eng. Hist. 1914–45 xiii. 441 Chamberlain..had been angered by the German annexation of Austria. 2014 Radio Times 23 Aug. (South/West ed.) 58/3 The increased use of off-road vehicles on the area's green lanes has angered many residents of local villages. (b) transitive. With non-referential it as subject, or (in early use) impersonal.In quot. c1540 used intransitively with object implied. ΚΠ c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 1662 Me angers at Arthure. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiv. l. 322 It angerit him..That twis in-to battell was he Discumfit with ane few menȝhe. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 71^v Hit angris to abide Or tary..when tulkes ben redy. 1615 S. Ward Coal from Altar 56 It angred Demosthenes to see a Smith earelier at his Anuile, then hee was at his Deske. 1652 J. Howell Hermeticall Banquet ii. 70 It angred me to hear a Philosopher so lost in Obstinacy. 1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight Dialogue II 11 It anger'd Turenne..To see a Footman kick'd that took his pay. 1809 R. Southey Lett. II. 165 It angers me when people..depreciate the Spaniards. 1869 Chambers's Jrnl. 1 May 277/1 It angers me to have to listen to their long-drawn stupid drawl. 1918 Everybody's Mag. 38 64/3 It angered her that she could not make either of these alternatives stick. 1992 Field & Stream Sept. 6/1 It angers me when I think about the ‘blue-ribbon’ waters that have been lost by man's intrusion in the form of a dam. 2011 M. Crow Stories Fear 24 It angered him how all of the campers were so happy and had such wonderful lives. (c) transitive (reflexive). To make oneself angry; to grow angry or cross. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (reflexive)] i-wrathec1075 wratha1225 wrethec1275 movec1300 grieve1377 wrothc1425 anger?c1450 ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 20 Anger you not..of that that he saithe. ?1586 R. P. tr. D. Ortúñez de Calahorra Third Pt. First Bk. Mirrour of Knighthood xiv. f. 64^v They are in such a rage, that for euerie light thing they doe not onelie anger themselues against fortune, but also against themselues. 1670 W. Annand Pater Noster v. vi. 378 The Lyon is said to anger himself before fight, by beating his sides with his tail. 1813 D. W. Paynter Godfrey Ranger III. x. 172 I will, for the future, fret and anger myself about nothing, until I have turned it over in my mind with caution. 1864 H. Sandwith Hekim Bashi I. xi. 181 Don't anger yourself, Hekim Bashi, or you will spoil your digestion. 1920 E. Obecny tr. W. S. Reymont Comédienne x. 427 Only foolish people anger themselves or rejoice. A man ought merely to look on, observe, and go his own way. 2009 J. Gilstrap No Mercy xlii. 364 She wanted to sound bold, but angered herself with a tiny catch in her voice. 3. transitive. To irritate or inflame (a wound, etc.). Also figurative and in figurative contexts. Cf. angry adj. 10a. Now rare (archaic and regional in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > affect with type of pain [verb (transitive)] > irritate anger?a1425 ranklec1450 exasperate1552 prorite1574 annoy1576 vellicate1604 proritate1620 irritate1674 aggravate1835 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 83^v (MED) Wondez angred [?c1425 Paris greuede; L. irritata] with mordificatiuez. 1591 R. Southwell Marie Magdalens Funeral Teares f. 27 What else soeuer you say of him, doth but draw more humors to her sore, and rather anger it, then any way asswage it. a1626 F. Bacon Wks. (1861) VI. 411 He..maketh the wound bleed inwards, and angereth malign ulcers. 1676 W. H. Puritan Convert 3 God forbid, I should willingly anger those wounds, which with my Soul I desire to cure. 1733 A. Pope Impertinent 9 Itch most hurts, when anger'd to a Sore. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. iv. 25 Uncle Toby perceiving that [it]..angered his wound,..left off the study of projectiles. 1875 J. H. Nodal & G. Milner Gloss. Lancs. Dial.: Pt. I 11 Yon lad's foot gets no betther; he's bin walkin' this mornin', an his stockin' mun 'a angert it. 1891 J. Baron Blegburn Dickshonary in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1898) 57/2 When yo're towd nod to anger a soore place. 1986 M. George Autobiogr. Henry VIII 707 You would be angering the wound for nothing. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1325v.c1175
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