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单词 fountain
释义

fountainn.

Brit. /ˈfaʊnt(ᵻ)n/, U.S. /ˈfaʊnt(ə)n/
Forms: Middle English–1500s fontayn(e, fonteyn(e, Middle English–1600s fontaine, fountayn(e, 1500s fontane, 1500s–1600s fountaine, 1600s– fountain.
Etymology: late Middle English fontayne , < Old French fontaine < late Latin fontāna (whence Provençal fontana , Spanish fontana , Portuguese fontana , Italian fontana , Welsh ffynnawn , -on ), feminine of Latin fontānus pertaining to a fount, < font- , fons fount n.1
1.
a. A spring or source of water issuing from the earth and collecting in a basin, natural or artificial; also, the head-spring or source of a stream or river. Now archaic or poetic exc. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > spring > [noun]
welleOE
walma897
spring?1316
spring wellc1340
water springc1450
source1477
fountain1490
quick-spring1530
eye1535
fountainhead1585
fount1594
springlet1661
keld1697
urn1726
spout head1733
spout1778
seep1824
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xviii. 400 A fore the gate sprange a quycke fontaine.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xix. 308 To this fountayn ofte tyme com nimiane for to disporte.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. viii. A The fountaynes of the depe and the wyndowes of heauen were stopte.
1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iv. 23 Like to a bubling Fountaine stirde with winde. View more context for this quotation
1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated ii. ix. 163 Some would haue the great river Tanais not to haue his head or fountaine in the Riphæan mountains.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 581 God who caus'd a fountain at thy prayer From the dry ground to spring. View more context for this quotation
1692 J. Ray Dissol. World (1732) ii. ii. 83 Making Rivers to ascend to their Fountains.
1726 J. Dyer Grongar Hill in New Misc. 82 So oft I have,..At the Fountain of a Rill, Sate upon a flowery Bed.
1814 H. M. Brackenridge Views Louisiana ii. ii. 105 The greatest objection to this country is the want of fountains and running streams.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Amphion in Poems (new ed.) II. 170 The vilest herb that runs to seed Beside its native fountain.
b. Used with reference to baptism (cf. font n.1).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > baptism > [noun]
fulloghteOE
fulghtningc1175
baptizing1297
Christendomc1300
christeningc1330
baptism1377
fullowinga1387
illumination1398
baptizea1400
to have Christenheada1450
baptiste1460
baptization1470
fountain1549
washinga1557
tincture1612
baptizement1818
baptistery1851
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Eph. v. 26 Clensed it in the fountayne of water thorowe the worde.]
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Priuate Baptisme f. viii* Them which at this fountayne forsake the deuill and all his workes.
c. transferred.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > formation of blood > [noun] > source of blood
fountain1526
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark v. f. lv And streyght waye her fountayne of bloude was dreyed vppe.
1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. i. 82 With purple fountaines issuing from your veines. View more context for this quotation
d. figurative. A spring, source, ‘well’. (Often in plural.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun]
welleOE
mothereOE
ordeOE
wellspringeOE
fathereOE
headeOE
oreOE
wellspringOE
rootc1175
morea1200
beginningc1200
head wella1325
sourcec1374
principlea1382
risinga1382
springinga1382
fountain14..
springerc1410
nativity?a1425
racinea1425
spring1435
headspring?a1439
seminaryc1440
originationc1443
spring wellc1450
sourdre1477
primordialc1487
naissance1490
wellhead?1492
offspringa1500
conduit-head1517
damc1540
springhead1547
principium1550
mint1555
principal1555
centre1557
head fountain1563
parentage1581
rise1589
spawna1591
fount1594
parent1597
taproot1601
origin1604
fountainhead1606
radix1607
springa1616
abundary1622
rist1622
primitive1628
primary1632
land-spring1642
extraction1655
upstart1669
progenerator1692
fontala1711
well-eye1826
first birth1838
ancestry1880
Quelle1893
14.. Balade to our Ladie in Chaucer's Wks. (1561) Fountain al filthlesse, as birell current clere.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. vi. 30 Parys Oxenford & Cambryge ben the fontayns where men may drawe out most science.
1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) i. sig. Aiijv/2 This holy trynyte is one god..fountayne of all godenesse and of all vertue.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxxiiv Almightie God, the fountayn of all wisdome.
1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Ciij This mischiefe hath many fountaines.
1714 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements (rev. ed.) Pref. Some principal Rules of practical Geometry, reducing them to their original Fountains.
1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 223 The French law, which is derived from the same feodal fountain.
1844 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. viii. 117 The Crown is the fountain of honour.
1861 J. Tulloch Eng. Puritanism i. 116 Long-practised craft had poisoned the very fountains of trust in him.
2.
a. A jet or stream of water made to rise or spout up artificially; the structure built for such a jet or stream to rise and fall in; also, an erection in a public place for a constant supply of fresh water for drinking (more fully, drinking fountain). Applied also to a natural jet of water, as that of a geyser.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > fountain > [noun] > artificial
wellc1300
conduit?a1400
fountain1509
conduit-head1517
waterworka1586
water feature1841
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > drinking place > [noun] > drinking fountain
water fountain?1557
watering stone1788
scuttlebutt1801
fountain1882
1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xviii. ix A dulcet spring and marvaylous fountaine Of golde and asure made all certaine.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. xii. sig. Aa7 In the midst of all, a fountaine stood, Of richest substance, that on earth might bee.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. ii. 77 My Statue, Which like a Fountaine, with an hundred spouts Did run pure blood. View more context for this quotation
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 274 Fountaines I intend to be of two Natures: The One that Sprinckleth or Spouteth Water; The Other a Faire Receipt of Water,..without Fish, or Slime, or Mud.
a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 23 A stone fountaine weeping out the yeare.
1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Apr. (1965) I. 313 There were 4 fountains of cold Water in this room.
1726 W. R. Chetwood Voy. & Adventures Capt. R. Boyle 28 It had been formerly a Fountain, but was only choak'd up..I ask'd..if he had ever known it to play.
1841–4 R. W. Emerson Art in Wks. (1906) I. 145 Let spouting fountains cool the air, Singing in the sun-baked square.
1882 Cassell at Drinking-fountain Modern drinking fountains began to be erected in Liverpool in 1857. The first one in London was opened to the public on April 12, 1859.
1886 A. Winchell Walks & Talks in Geol. Field 84 Instantly the fountain [of the Great Geyser of Iceland] began to play with the utmost violence.
b. A metal vessel containing aerated water for drinking; a box containing ice and a coil through which aerated water is drawn (= soda-fountain n.). U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > preparation of drinks > [noun] > utensil for effervescing drink
soda-fountain1824
fountain1843
seltzogene1860
sparklet1902
1843 ‘R. Carlton’ New Purchase I. viii. 52 I shall make no attempt to record their..puns—good things of the sort, like soda-water, had better be taken at the fountain.
1873 J. H. Beadle Undeveloped West xxxi. 675 A drink equal to the best soda from fountains.
1936 Amer. Speech 11 38 The craze for this sort of fountain entertainment seems to be on the wane.
1955 H. Roth Sleeper xvi. 131 He had neglected to tip the fountain man.
3. Heraldry. A roundel, barry wavy of six, argent and azure.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > less honourable charge > circular device > of specific tinctures
pelletc1425
plate1466
bezant1486
cake1486
gunstone1486
ogle1486
talent1486
torteau1486
tortlet1486
wastel1486
ogressa1550
golpe1562
guze1562
orange1562
pomeis1562
plat1592
fountain1610
tortey1688
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. iv. 96 He beareth..a Bend..betweene six Fountaines Proper.
1863 C. Boutell Man. Heraldry vi. 31 In representation, the Bezant, Plate, and Fountain, are flat.
1869 J. E. Cussans Handbk. Heraldry (rev. ed.) iv. 70 A Bend between six Fountains forms the Coat of the Stourton Family.
Categories »
4. A reservoir or compartment for holding oil, ink, etc., in an Argand lamp, a printing-press, etc.
5. Conchology. (See quot. 1895.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Mollusca > [noun] > miscellaneous types > species fountain
fountain1895
1895 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 355 Fountains and watering-pots..and helmet-shells..names which have been locally..applied to a few of the multitudinous species of Mollusca.

Compounds

C1. simple attributive (chiefly appositive and figurative = belonging to or of the nature of a spring or source, original).
ΚΠ
1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Trivmph of Faith (1845) 5 The fountain-love, the fountain-delight, the fountain-joy of men and angels.
1648 R. Boyle Seraphic Love (1700) xviii. 111 His Love is the first Original and Fountain-blessing.
a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) ix. vi. 415 The Universal Fountain-fulness of One Supreme Almighty Goodness.
1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 286 The Fountain-light of the soul.
1678 A. Marvell Def. John Howe in Wks. (1875) IV. 192 The original and fountain-Being.
1807 W. Wordsworth Ode in Poems II. 155 Those shadowy recollections, Which, be they what they may, Are yet the fountain light of all our day. View more context for this quotation
1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles vi. 187 In contact with him in whom was the fountain flame of all life.
C2. General attributive.
a.
fountain-brim n.
ΚΠ
1637 J. Milton Comus 5 By dimpled Brooke, and Fountaine brim.
fountain-side n.
ΚΠ
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 326 By a fresh Fountain side . View more context for this quotation
1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xv. 480 Descry'd By road frequented, or by fountain-side.
b.
fountain-fruitful adj.
ΚΠ
1641 G. Sandys Paraphr. Song Solomon iv. ii The Fountain-fruitfull Lebanon.
C3.
fountain-fish n. a ctenophoran.
fountain-pen n. a pen furnished with an ink-reservoir.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > writing materials > writing instrument > [noun] > pen > fountain pen
fountain-pen1712
Parker1906
1712 M. Henry Expos. Prophetical Bks. Old Test. (Zech. iv. 2) sig. Bbbbbbbbv/2 Without any further Care they [sc. lamps] received Oil as fast as they wasted it, (as in those which we call Fountain Inkhorns, or Fountain Pens).
1789 F. Burney Diary 18 Aug. (1842) V. 51 I took a fountain pen, and wrote my rough journal.
1823 J. Mitchell Dict. Math. & Physical Sci. Fountain-pen.
1833 Mechanics' Mag. 19 319/1 The introduction of this paper will go far to supersede the use of fountain-pens of all kinds.
1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 164 One silver pocket-knife and fountain-pen.
fountain-pipe n. a pipe which supplies a fountain with water.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube > pipe > for water > types of
suspiral1420
quillc1433
boss?1521
susper1532
fountain-pipe1664
pump log1816
wash-out1903
tie-line1949
dead leg1953
1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 81 in Sylva Look to your Fountain-pipes.
fountain-tree n. a name for the deodar ( Treasury Bot. 1866); also, ‘a tree in the Canary Isles which distills water from its leaves’ (W.).
fountain-water n. Obsolete fresh water from a spring, spring-water.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] > from a spring, fountain, or well
well watereOE
pit watera1398
spring-waterc1450
watersc1484
fountain-water1572
spa-water1589
1572 L. Mascall tr. in Bk. Plant & Graffe Trees 84 Mingled with a little fountayne or running water.
1612 P. Pomarius Enchiridion Med. (new ed.) ii. 7 Let it be boyled in foure pints of fountaine water.
1678 R. Russel tr. Jabir ibn Haiyan Wks. Geber iv. iv. 245 Common Salt is dissolved in clear Fountain Water.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

fountainv.

Brit. /ˈfaʊnt(ᵻ)n/, U.S. /ˈfaʊnt(ə)n/
Etymology: < fountain n.
a. intransitive. To rise like the waters of a fountain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > rise or go up [verb (intransitive)] > rise or go up in other manner
upsmite1446
spire1607
eruct1666
uptoss1828
upshoot1876
hulk1880
upwind1880
fountain1903
bob-up1935
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of squirting or issuing in a jet > squirt or issue in a jet [verb (intransitive)] > with quantity or force
spout?a1513
spout1561
fountain1903
1903 T. Hardy Dynasts i. i. iii. 27 Soon stars will shut..And sunbeams fountain forth.
1948 G. H. Johnston Death takes Small Bites vii. 174 And then a high log broke and dropped into the ashes of the fire and the sparks fountained.
1967 D. Knight Turning On 94 Fire fountained from the church spire, red sparks floating on the wind.
1969 Daily Tel. 16 May (Colour Suppl.) 45/3 Seven tons of water fountained up at 125 m.p.h. to a height of over 400 feet.
b. transitive. To cause to well up in the manner of a fountain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out of [verb (transitive)] > copiously or continuously
fountain1969
1969 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. (Colour Suppl.) 8/1 A water main..suddenly fountained 20,000 gallons of water down the Haymarket.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.14..v.1903
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