acquiredadj.

Brit.

/əˈkwʌɪəd/, U.S.

/əˈkwaɪ(ə)rd/

Forms: see acquire v. and -ed suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: acquire v., -ed suffix¹.

Etymology: < acquire v. + -ed suffix¹.With acquired immune deficiency syndrome, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome n. at Compounds compare AIDS n.

1. Gained; obtained or secured, esp. through concerted effort or over a period of time; (of a characteristic, etc.) developed without intent, picked up.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > [adjective] > obtained or acquired

yfetc893

begottenOE

conquestc1330

gottena1400

achieveda1460

obtent?a1475

acquired?1483

obtained1520

acquisite1528

got?1548

adepted1553

won1553

gained1598

acquisited1613

acquisted1613

gleaneda1616

attained1861

the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > coming or operating from outside or extraneous

strangec1386

alienate1533

extern1533

unnative1568

extrinsical1578

implanted1595

adventitious1603

intervenient1605

acquired1609

extrinsic1613

foreign1621

extraneous1638

adnate1642

acquisititiousa1652

external1651

adventual1656

forinsecal1658

adventine1755

extranate1856

?1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton ii. sig. fiij^v Thou oughtest to dyspende and to vse of thyn acquyred and goten thynges by mesure and attemperatly.

1598 I. D. tr. L. Le Roy Aristotles Politiques i. ii. 18 Vertue and wisedome which is naturall, or certaine habits acquired, like vnto them..may be vsed both towares vice and vertue.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 189 No: this thrice worthy and right valiant Lord, Shall not so staule his palme nobly acquird.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. viii. 35 Acquired Wit, I mean acquired by method and instruction.

1715 G. Cheyne Philos. Princ. Relig. (ed. 2) i. ii. 49 The acquired Principle of Dissimilarity must repel these Beings..from their Centre.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 65 Illustrious in rank, in descent, in hereditary and in acquired opulence.

1827 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey V. vii. viii. 117 His natural feelings as a boy, and his acquired habits as a courtier.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets ii. 63 Empedocles possessed more acquired and original knowledge than any of his contemporaries.

1928 J. K. Folsom Culture & Social Progress i. ii. 20 There is no people, so far as we know, where fear of dogs is a tradition... It is an acquired personal trait.

2008 Art Q. Spring 47 An irresistible opportunity for the nouveaux riche to show off their newly acquired wealth.

2. Medicine. Of a disease, condition, etc.: developing after birth; not congenital; not inherited.In figurative context in quot. 1660.

ΚΠ

1660 J. Tombes True Old Light 28 That this pravity of mens imaginations, is an hereditary and not meerly voluntary, or an acquired disease by use, custome, or imitation, the speech of Job doth intimate.

1746 tr. H. Boerhaave Acad. Lect. Theory Physic V. 366 Acquired diseases are those introduced in the Body after the Birth by various Causes.

1762 C. Bisset Ess. Med. Constit. Great Brit. vi. 66 The fetid smell of putrid animal substances, hath given rise malignant fevers, in persons who could hardly be supposed to have any uncommon predisposition to the acquired disease.

1842 Lancet 5 Mar. 790/1 He is no more responsible for the unfortunate tendency he may labour under to violence, excess, &c., than he is for a congenital bad habit of body, or for acquired disease in any organ.

1910 Practitioner June 809 It is a familial defect rather than an acquired disease.

2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten x. 102 He [sc. Robert Boyle] provided the first case history of acquired achromatopsia, a total loss of color vision following a brain infection.

3. Biology. Of a characteristic of an individual organism or cell type: developed during its lifetime through the influence of the environment; not inherited; esp. in acquired character, acquired characteristic. Cf. Lamarckian adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > morphogenesis > derivation or appearance of characters

acquired1794

neomorph1886

paedomorphism1892

neotenia1896

habitat form1902

caenogenesis1909

fetalization1922

paedomorphosis1922

hominization1953

synapomorphy1966

synapomorph1969

1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. §xxxix. 503 Many of these acquired forms or properties are transmitted to their posterity.

1876 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel Hist. Creation I. ix. 204 We may first divide all the different phenomena of inheritance into two groups, which we may distinguish as the transmission of inherited characters, and the transmission of acquired characters.

1893 W. N. Parker & H. Rönnfeldt tr. A. Weismann Germ-plasm iv. xiii. 392 By acquired characters I mean those which are not preformed in the germ, but which arise only through special influences affecting the body or individual parts of it.

1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. ii. 22 So-called ‘acquired characters’, in other words modifications caused by the environment..are not inherited at all, or else to such a slight degree as not to be of any great importance in heredity and evolution.

1958 Times 1 July 11/7 Since acquired characters are not inherited, the supply of heritable variation is indeterminate and blind.

2007 M. M. Chan & D. Fong in L. S. Torres Cancer Drug Resistance Res. Perspectives xiii. 181 It has been hypothesized that drug sensitivity is an acquired characteristic of cancer cells.

Compounds

acquired immune deficiency syndrome Medicine = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > viral disorders > Aids

acquired immune deficiency syndrome1982

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome1982

AIDS1982

gay plague1982

slim1985

1982 N.Y. Times (Electronic ed.) 8 Aug. The disease—called acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or A.I.D.S.—produces a suppression of the body's natural defenses.

1991 Health & Fitness Jan. 38/2 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can lead to the cluster of potentially fatal conditions known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

2003 L. Uys in L. Uys & S. Cameron Home-based HIV/AIDS Care i. 3 Medical management of patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), ideally delivered through dedicated AIDS clinics.

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome n. Medicine the disorder resulting from infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), characterized by a reduction in the number of helper T lymphocytes with fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and the occurrence of opportunistic infections and malignant tumours; abbreviated AIDS.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > viral disorders > Aids

acquired immune deficiency syndrome1982

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome1982

AIDS1982

gay plague1982

slim1985

1982 Ophthalmology 89 797 (title) Culture-proven cytomegalovirus retinitis in a homosexual man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

1992 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 458/2 Over 20% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) usually present with KS [= Kaposi's sarcoma] as the initial complaint.

2003 J. R. Cooper et al. Biochem. Basis Neuropharmacol. (ed. 8) vi. 142 The observation..that quinolinate levels were dramatically elevated in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was a major advance toward understanding the pathobiology of quinolinate.

acquired taste n. a liking gained gradually, through experience or repeated exposure; (hence) a person who or thing which is not immediately appealing, but which one comes to enjoy or appreciate over a period of time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [noun] > acquired taste

acquired tastea1792

the mind > emotion > love > liking or favourable regard > [noun] > fact of being to one's taste > that for which a taste is acquired

acquired tastea1792

a1792 J. Reynolds in Wks. (1797) I. p. xii I am now clearly of opinion, that a relish for the higher excellencies of art is an acquired taste, which no man ever possessed without long cultivation.

1858 Illustr. News of World 24 July 55/3 A yielding to the acquired taste of tobacco cannot be gratified for any length of time without..affecting the breath.

1885 W. S. Gilbert Mikado ii. 43 He would have loved me in time. I am an acquired taste.

1928 Daily Express 12 Dec. 10/5 It is not really bad wine... It is an acquired taste.

1998 Time Out N.Y. 22 Jan. 91/4 Her..elliptical song structures are a bit of an acquired taste.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	acquired
释义	acquiredadj. Brit. /əˈkwʌɪəd/, U.S. /əˈkwaɪ(ə)rd/ Forms: see acquire v. and -ed suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: acquire v., -ed suffix¹. Etymology: < acquire v. + -ed suffix¹.With acquired immune deficiency syndrome, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome n. at Compounds compare AIDS n. 1. Gained; obtained or secured, esp. through concerted effort or over a period of time; (of a characteristic, etc.) developed without intent, picked up. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > [adjective] > obtained or acquired yfetc893 begottenOE conquestc1330 gottena1400 achieveda1460 obtent?a1475 acquired?1483 obtained1520 acquisite1528 got?1548 adepted1553 won1553 gained1598 acquisited1613 acquisted1613 gleaneda1616 attained1861 the world > existence and causation > existence > extrinsicality or externality > [adjective] > coming or operating from outside or extraneous strangec1386 alienate1533 extern1533 unnative1568 extrinsical1578 implanted1595 adventitious1603 intervenient1605 acquired1609 extrinsic1613 foreign1621 extraneous1638 adnate1642 acquisititiousa1652 external1651 adventual1656 forinsecal1658 adventine1755 extranate1856 ?1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton ii. sig. fiij^v Thou oughtest to dyspende and to vse of thyn acquyred and goten thynges by mesure and attemperatly. 1598 I. D. tr. L. Le Roy Aristotles Politiques i. ii. 18 Vertue and wisedome which is naturall, or certaine habits acquired, like vnto them..may be vsed both towares vice and vertue. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 189 No: this thrice worthy and right valiant Lord, Shall not so staule his palme nobly acquird. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. viii. 35 Acquired Wit, I mean acquired by method and instruction. 1715 G. Cheyne Philos. Princ. Relig. (ed. 2) i. ii. 49 The acquired Principle of Dissimilarity must repel these Beings..from their Centre. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 65 Illustrious in rank, in descent, in hereditary and in acquired opulence. View more context for this quotation 1827 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey V. vii. viii. 117 His natural feelings as a boy, and his acquired habits as a courtier. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets ii. 63 Empedocles possessed more acquired and original knowledge than any of his contemporaries. 1928 J. K. Folsom Culture & Social Progress i. ii. 20 There is no people, so far as we know, where fear of dogs is a tradition... It is an acquired personal trait. 2008 Art Q. Spring 47 An irresistible opportunity for the nouveaux riche to show off their newly acquired wealth. 2. Medicine. Of a disease, condition, etc.: developing after birth; not congenital; not inherited.In figurative context in quot. 1660. ΚΠ 1660 J. Tombes True Old Light 28 That this pravity of mens imaginations, is an hereditary and not meerly voluntary, or an acquired disease by use, custome, or imitation, the speech of Job doth intimate. 1746 tr. H. Boerhaave Acad. Lect. Theory Physic V. 366 Acquired diseases are those introduced in the Body after the Birth by various Causes. 1762 C. Bisset Ess. Med. Constit. Great Brit. vi. 66 The fetid smell of putrid animal substances, hath given rise malignant fevers, in persons who could hardly be supposed to have any uncommon predisposition to the acquired disease. 1842 Lancet 5 Mar. 790/1 He is no more responsible for the unfortunate tendency he may labour under to violence, excess, &c., than he is for a congenital bad habit of body, or for acquired disease in any organ. 1910 Practitioner June 809 It is a familial defect rather than an acquired disease. 2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten x. 102 He [sc. Robert Boyle] provided the first case history of acquired achromatopsia, a total loss of color vision following a brain infection. 3. Biology. Of a characteristic of an individual organism or cell type: developed during its lifetime through the influence of the environment; not inherited; esp. in acquired character, acquired characteristic. Cf. Lamarckian adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > morphogenesis > derivation or appearance of characters acquired1794 neomorph1886 paedomorphism1892 neotenia1896 habitat form1902 caenogenesis1909 fetalization1922 paedomorphosis1922 hominization1953 synapomorphy1966 synapomorph1969 1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. §xxxix. 503 Many of these acquired forms or properties are transmitted to their posterity. 1876 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel Hist. Creation I. ix. 204 We may first divide all the different phenomena of inheritance into two groups, which we may distinguish as the transmission of inherited characters, and the transmission of acquired characters. 1893 W. N. Parker & H. Rönnfeldt tr. A. Weismann Germ-plasm iv. xiii. 392 By acquired characters I mean those which are not preformed in the germ, but which arise only through special influences affecting the body or individual parts of it. 1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. ii. 22 So-called ‘acquired characters’, in other words modifications caused by the environment..are not inherited at all, or else to such a slight degree as not to be of any great importance in heredity and evolution. 1958 Times 1 July 11/7 Since acquired characters are not inherited, the supply of heritable variation is indeterminate and blind. 2007 M. M. Chan & D. Fong in L. S. Torres Cancer Drug Resistance Res. Perspectives xiii. 181 It has been hypothesized that drug sensitivity is an acquired characteristic of cancer cells. Compounds acquired immune deficiency syndrome Medicine = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > viral disorders > Aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome1982 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome1982 AIDS1982 gay plague1982 slim1985 1982 N.Y. Times (Electronic ed.) 8 Aug. The disease—called acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or A.I.D.S.—produces a suppression of the body's natural defenses. 1991 Health & Fitness Jan. 38/2 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can lead to the cluster of potentially fatal conditions known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). 2003 L. Uys in L. Uys & S. Cameron Home-based HIV/AIDS Care i. 3 Medical management of patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), ideally delivered through dedicated AIDS clinics. acquired immunodeficiency syndrome n. Medicine the disorder resulting from infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), characterized by a reduction in the number of helper T lymphocytes with fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and the occurrence of opportunistic infections and malignant tumours; abbreviated AIDS. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [noun] > viral disorders > Aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome1982 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome1982 AIDS1982 gay plague1982 slim1985 1982 Ophthalmology 89 797 (title) Culture-proven cytomegalovirus retinitis in a homosexual man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 1992 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 458/2 Over 20% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) usually present with KS [= Kaposi's sarcoma] as the initial complaint. 2003 J. R. Cooper et al. Biochem. Basis Neuropharmacol. (ed. 8) vi. 142 The observation..that quinolinate levels were dramatically elevated in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was a major advance toward understanding the pathobiology of quinolinate. acquired taste n. a liking gained gradually, through experience or repeated exposure; (hence) a person who or thing which is not immediately appealing, but which one comes to enjoy or appreciate over a period of time. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [noun] > acquired taste acquired tastea1792 the mind > emotion > love > liking or favourable regard > [noun] > fact of being to one's taste > that for which a taste is acquired acquired tastea1792 a1792 J. Reynolds in Wks. (1797) I. p. xii I am now clearly of opinion, that a relish for the higher excellencies of art is an acquired taste, which no man ever possessed without long cultivation. 1858 Illustr. News of World 24 July 55/3 A yielding to the acquired taste of tobacco cannot be gratified for any length of time without..affecting the breath. 1885 W. S. Gilbert Mikado ii. 43 He would have loved me in time. I am an acquired taste. 1928 Daily Express 12 Dec. 10/5 It is not really bad wine... It is an acquired taste. 1998 Time Out N.Y. 22 Jan. 91/4 Her..elliptical song structures are a bit of an acquired taste. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.?1483
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