folliclen.

Brit.

/ˈfɒlᵻkl/, U.S.

/ˈfɑlək(ə)l/

Forms:

α. late Middle English follikel, late Middle English follikell, 1600s–1700s folliacle, 1600s– follicle.

β. late Middle English 1600s–1800s follicule.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin folliculus.

Etymology: < classical Latin folliculus bag or sack, inflated ball, envelope of a seed, husk, sheath, seed-pod, (in animals) bladder or sac, (of a ram) testicular sac (in a 2nd-cent. grammarian), in post-classical Latin also cocoon (13th cent. in a British source) < follis bellows (see fool n.¹) + -culus -cle suffix.Compare Middle French folicule , Middle French, French follicule (early 14th cent. in botany, 1560 in anatomy), Italian follicolo (14th cent. in anatomy, 1561 in botany). With the β. forms compare -cule suffix.

†a. Surgery and Anatomy. Originally: a layer of tissue surrounding an abscess, cyst, or tumour. In later use also: a sac-like organ, esp. the gall bladder. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [noun] > depression or cavity

pita1275

holec1300

cella1398

den1398

follicle?a1425

purse?a1425

pocketa1450

fossac1475

cystis1543

trench1565

conceptory1576

vesike1577

vesicle1578

vault1594

socket1601

bladderet1615

cistern1615

cavern1626

ventricle1641

bladder1661

antrum1684

conceptaculum1691

capsule1693

cellule1694

loculus1694

sinus1704

vesicula1705

vesica1706

fosse1710

pouch1712

cyst1721

air chamber1725

fossula1733

alveole1739

sac1741

sacculus1749

locule1751

compartment1772

air cell1774

fossule1803

umbilicus1811

conceptacle1819

cœlia1820

utricle1822

air sac1835

saccule1836

ampulla1845

vacuole1853

scrobicule1880

faveolus1882

?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 107^v, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Knotte Nodus, þat is to seie, a knotte, is heled in þis maner: þou schalt kitte þe skinne euen olengþe apon þe knotte & drawe him oute with alle his follikel &, ȝif þer leue enye þing of þe knot oþer of his follikel, corrode it wiþ þe strengest vnguentum viride.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 48^v (MED) After ward to consume þe follicule .i. huske [L. folliculum], I put to a litel of arsenic with cotoun. And after þe fallyng of þe escare I consolde it & faste sigille yt.

1598 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Praxis Med. Vniuersalis iii. xii. 397 All which causes doe so obstruct the Liuer, that such matter (like as behooueth) cannot be conueyed into the follicle of the Gall whereby it is inflamed.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. ii. 108 Although there be no eminent and circular follicle, no round bagge or vesicle which long containeth this humor.

1744 tr. H. Boerhaave Acad. Lect. Theory Physic III. 57 There is a second Emissary, the Ureter, which receives the Urine from the Pelvis, and conveys it into the general Follicle belonging to both Kidneys, namely, the Bladder.

1746 S. Mihles Elements Surg. 36 But in the incysted Tumor there is no Sense at all; except in its Follicle or including Cyst.

1816 E. A. Atlee tr. J. Lieutaud Synopsis Universal Pract. Med. 389 Extirpation seems safer and more expeditious, especially for adipose Tumours, if the entire follicle, loosened by a skilful hand, can be taken away from its adhesion to the neighbouring parts.

b. Zoology. A castor sac of a beaver (cf. cod n.¹ 3b). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > [noun] > family Castoridae (beaver) > inguinal sac(s)

cod1551

codlings1605

follicle1646

beaver-stones1697

oilstone1799

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. iv. 113 These cods or follicles are found in both sexes.

1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 54 Castor.—This is a substance secreted in a follicle situated near the anus of the beaver, perhaps the inguinal gland.

1911 Amer. Jrnl. Clin. Med. 18 644/1 We use in medicine..the dried follicles of the boring beaver.

2009 D. E. Moerman Native Amer. Medicinal Plants 389/2 Castor or castorecum is a strong-smelling, brown, concrete substance from the preputial follicles of the beaver, Castor fiber.

c. Anatomy and Histology. Any of various small rounded or tubular structures within the body, often located in the skin or a mucous membrane and having (or originally believed to have) a secretory function.hair follicle, lymph follicle, ovarian follicle, etc.: see the first element.Esp. in popular and non-technical use often spec. denoting a hair follicle or ovarian follicle.

ΚΠ

1715 J. Delacoste tr. H. Boerhaave Aphorisms 337 The Follicle of every Glandule may be invaded with the like Distemper.

1721 tr. L. Heister Compend. Anat. 84 Which vasculous Part is contain'd in a Follicle or small Bag, very perceptible in Bristles and the larger Hairs.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 36 The follicules, or the membrane covering the eggs contained in the ovary.

1783 Crit. Rev. Feb. 103 Between the villi, at the base, are little globular bodies, which our author found to be glandular, and these are probably the follicles which separate the mucus of the intestines.

1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 38 The membranous stomach, furnished with numerous secreting follicles.

1842 J. C. Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 95 The hair issues from follicles, by a club-shaped root or bulb.

1866 G. Harley Histol. Demonstr. 114 The arrangements of the various coats, and also the villi and Lieberkühn's follicles, can be seen under a low power.

1932 S. Zuckerman Social Life Monkeys & Apes v. 75 In both the rat and the mouse, as in the dog and other multiparous species, a number of large-sized follicles rupture at every œstrus.

1993 Sci. Amer. Sept. 24/2 Activated B cells become antibody-producing plasma cells in areas such as the germinal centers of the lymphoid follicles.

2012 Independent 23 Mar. 31/1 Seven million British men with failing follicles now have something to blame.

†2. Entomology. The protective covering of an insect in its pupal stage; a cocoon. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > cocoon

clew1599

cod1600

husk1600

patella1671

follicle1681

dop1700

scabbard1714

cone1774

cocoon1815

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. 155 A Long-Oval Follicle (perhaps of a sort of Hornet), with this peculiar, That the Silk is cover'd with a kind of brown Crust, marbled with blackish Veins.

1758 T. Flloyd & J. Hill tr. J. Swammerdam Bk. Nature 130/2 The Vermicles of Ants, as well as the Silk-worms, form a bag or follicle.

1802 W. Turton tr. C. Linnaeus Gen. Syst. Nature III. 192 Pupa quiescent, more or less cylindrical, pointed at the tip or at both ends, and is generally inclosed in a follicle.

1856–8 W. Clark tr. J. van der Hoeven Handbk. Zool. I. 397 Pupa inclosed in a thin follicle.

1870 Amer. Entomologist & Botanist 2 37/1 It is well known that certain European species [of moth] never quit their follicles.

3. Botany.

a. Originally: a dry covering of a seed; a dry (non-fleshy) fruit. In later use spec.: a type of dry fruit formed from a single carpel, which dehisces (splits) along one side only.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > [noun] > simple

follicle1687

conceptaculum1691

conceptacle1760

1687 Philos. Trans. 1686–7 (Royal Soc.) 16 287 Mr. Ray takes those for naked Seeds whose Follicules or Covers (if they seem to have any) are not cast off, but fall with the Seeds from the mother Plant.

1706 J. Evelyn Silva (ed. 4) i. xi. 74 They [sc. Maples] are all produced of Seeds contain'd in the Folliacles and Keys, or Birds-Tongues.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvi. 219 In most of the genera these fruits are follicles.

1848 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (ed. 4) II. 19 The fruit of these plants is better understood to be a union of several follicules within a single flower.

?1877 F. E. Hulme Familiar Wild Flowers I. Summary p. x Fruit a follicle of two elongated capsules.

1905 A. E. Knight & E. Step Living Plant in Leaf, Flower, & Fruit xiii. 360 As a rule, several follicles are collected in a cluster at the end of the flower-stalk.

2014 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 141 295 Follicles begin to dehisce between late August and early September.

†b. A small sac or bladder containing air, found on parts of plants growing in water or wet soil. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > vessel(s)

vesicle1670

vessel1672

air vessel1673

tubule1677

vesicula1705

absorbent1734

follicle1760

vital vessels1832

spiral1837

vas1843

vacuole1853

cyst1866

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. iii. xix. 210 Follicles, are Vessels distended with Air.

1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. H6 Follicles..are vessels distended with air: as at the root in Utricularia, and on the leaves in Aldrovanda.

1816–20 T. Green Universal Herbal II. 784 Two-celled follicles in whorls, in order to support the scape in the water.

1863 M. J. Berkeley Handbk. Brit. Mosses Gloss. 312 Follicle, a little bladder on the leaves, as in Pottia cavifolia.

Compounds

follicle-stimulating adj. Physiology that stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles; spec. designating a glycoprotein produced by the anterior pituitary that performs this function, esp. in follicle-stimulating hormone.

ΚΠ

1929 A. S. Parkes Internal Secretions Ovary ix. 171 The factor governing the law of follicular constancy, variously called ‘generative ferment’ or X-substance, is merely the follicle-stimulating principle of the anterior pituitary.

1931 Endocrinology 15 43 The follicle-stimulating hormone and the luteinizing hormone are often considered together as the ‘master sex hormone’.

1993 Q. Rev. Biol. 68 508/2 The chorionic gonadotropin/luteinizing hormone of horses..has follicle-stimulating activity in pigs, rats, and donkeys.

2017 Daily Mirror (N. Ireland) (Nexis) 29 Aug. 29 Your doctor may want to run a blood test to measure the level of follicle stimulating hormone.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	follicle
释义	folliclen. Brit. /ˈfɒlᵻkl/, U.S. /ˈfɑlək(ə)l/ Forms: α. late Middle English follikel, late Middle English follikell, 1600s–1700s folliacle, 1600s– follicle. β. late Middle English 1600s–1800s follicule. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin folliculus. Etymology: < classical Latin folliculus bag or sack, inflated ball, envelope of a seed, husk, sheath, seed-pod, (in animals) bladder or sac, (of a ram) testicular sac (in a 2nd-cent. grammarian), in post-classical Latin also cocoon (13th cent. in a British source) < follis bellows (see fool n.¹) + -culus -cle suffix.Compare Middle French folicule , Middle French, French follicule (early 14th cent. in botany, 1560 in anatomy), Italian follicolo (14th cent. in anatomy, 1561 in botany). With the β. forms compare -cule suffix. 1. †a. Surgery and Anatomy. Originally: a layer of tissue surrounding an abscess, cyst, or tumour. In later use also: a sac-like organ, esp. the gall bladder. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [noun] > depression or cavity pita1275 holec1300 cella1398 den1398 follicle?a1425 purse?a1425 pocketa1450 fossac1475 cystis1543 trench1565 conceptory1576 vesike1577 vesicle1578 vault1594 socket1601 bladderet1615 cistern1615 cavern1626 ventricle1641 bladder1661 antrum1684 conceptaculum1691 capsule1693 cellule1694 loculus1694 sinus1704 vesicula1705 vesica1706 fosse1710 pouch1712 cyst1721 air chamber1725 fossula1733 alveole1739 sac1741 sacculus1749 locule1751 compartment1772 air cell1774 fossule1803 umbilicus1811 conceptacle1819 cœlia1820 utricle1822 air sac1835 saccule1836 ampulla1845 vacuole1853 scrobicule1880 faveolus1882 ?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 107^v, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Knotte Nodus, þat is to seie, a knotte, is heled in þis maner: þou schalt kitte þe skinne euen olengþe apon þe knotte & drawe him oute with alle his follikel &, ȝif þer leue enye þing of þe knot oþer of his follikel, corrode it wiþ þe strengest vnguentum viride. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 48^v (MED) After ward to consume þe follicule .i. huske [L. folliculum], I put to a litel of arsenic with cotoun. And after þe fallyng of þe escare I consolde it & faste sigille yt. 1598 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Praxis Med. Vniuersalis iii. xii. 397 All which causes doe so obstruct the Liuer, that such matter (like as behooueth) cannot be conueyed into the follicle of the Gall whereby it is inflamed. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. ii. 108 Although there be no eminent and circular follicle, no round bagge or vesicle which long containeth this humor. View more context for this quotation 1744 tr. H. Boerhaave Acad. Lect. Theory Physic III. 57 There is a second Emissary, the Ureter, which receives the Urine from the Pelvis, and conveys it into the general Follicle belonging to both Kidneys, namely, the Bladder. 1746 S. Mihles Elements Surg. 36 But in the incysted Tumor there is no Sense at all; except in its Follicle or including Cyst. 1816 E. A. Atlee tr. J. Lieutaud Synopsis Universal Pract. Med. 389 Extirpation seems safer and more expeditious, especially for adipose Tumours, if the entire follicle, loosened by a skilful hand, can be taken away from its adhesion to the neighbouring parts. b. Zoology. A castor sac of a beaver (cf. cod n.¹ 3b). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > [noun] > family Castoridae (beaver) > inguinal sac(s) cod1551 codlings1605 follicle1646 beaver-stones1697 oilstone1799 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. iv. 113 These cods or follicles are found in both sexes. View more context for this quotation 1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 54 Castor.—This is a substance secreted in a follicle situated near the anus of the beaver, perhaps the inguinal gland. 1911 Amer. Jrnl. Clin. Med. 18 644/1 We use in medicine..the dried follicles of the boring beaver. 2009 D. E. Moerman Native Amer. Medicinal Plants 389/2 Castor or castorecum is a strong-smelling, brown, concrete substance from the preputial follicles of the beaver, Castor fiber. c. Anatomy and Histology. Any of various small rounded or tubular structures within the body, often located in the skin or a mucous membrane and having (or originally believed to have) a secretory function.hair follicle, lymph follicle, ovarian follicle, etc.: see the first element.Esp. in popular and non-technical use often spec. denoting a hair follicle or ovarian follicle. ΚΠ 1715 J. Delacoste tr. H. Boerhaave Aphorisms 337 The Follicle of every Glandule may be invaded with the like Distemper. 1721 tr. L. Heister Compend. Anat. 84 Which vasculous Part is contain'd in a Follicle or small Bag, very perceptible in Bristles and the larger Hairs. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 36 The follicules, or the membrane covering the eggs contained in the ovary. 1783 Crit. Rev. Feb. 103 Between the villi, at the base, are little globular bodies, which our author found to be glandular, and these are probably the follicles which separate the mucus of the intestines. 1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 38 The membranous stomach, furnished with numerous secreting follicles. 1842 J. C. Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 95 The hair issues from follicles, by a club-shaped root or bulb. 1866 G. Harley Histol. Demonstr. 114 The arrangements of the various coats, and also the villi and Lieberkühn's follicles, can be seen under a low power. 1932 S. Zuckerman Social Life Monkeys & Apes v. 75 In both the rat and the mouse, as in the dog and other multiparous species, a number of large-sized follicles rupture at every œstrus. 1993 Sci. Amer. Sept. 24/2 Activated B cells become antibody-producing plasma cells in areas such as the germinal centers of the lymphoid follicles. 2012 Independent 23 Mar. 31/1 Seven million British men with failing follicles now have something to blame. †2. Entomology. The protective covering of an insect in its pupal stage; a cocoon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > cocoon clew1599 cod1600 husk1600 patella1671 follicle1681 dop1700 scabbard1714 cone1774 cocoon1815 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. 155 A Long-Oval Follicle (perhaps of a sort of Hornet), with this peculiar, That the Silk is cover'd with a kind of brown Crust, marbled with blackish Veins. 1758 T. Flloyd & J. Hill tr. J. Swammerdam Bk. Nature 130/2 The Vermicles of Ants, as well as the Silk-worms, form a bag or follicle. 1802 W. Turton tr. C. Linnaeus Gen. Syst. Nature III. 192 Pupa quiescent, more or less cylindrical, pointed at the tip or at both ends, and is generally inclosed in a follicle. 1856–8 W. Clark tr. J. van der Hoeven Handbk. Zool. I. 397 Pupa inclosed in a thin follicle. 1870 Amer. Entomologist & Botanist 2 37/1 It is well known that certain European species [of moth] never quit their follicles. 3. Botany. a. Originally: a dry covering of a seed; a dry (non-fleshy) fruit. In later use spec.: a type of dry fruit formed from a single carpel, which dehisces (splits) along one side only. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > [noun] > simple follicle1687 conceptaculum1691 conceptacle1760 1687 Philos. Trans. 1686–7 (Royal Soc.) 16 287 Mr. Ray takes those for naked Seeds whose Follicules or Covers (if they seem to have any) are not cast off, but fall with the Seeds from the mother Plant. 1706 J. Evelyn Silva (ed. 4) i. xi. 74 They [sc. Maples] are all produced of Seeds contain'd in the Folliacles and Keys, or Birds-Tongues. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvi. 219 In most of the genera these fruits are follicles. 1848 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (ed. 4) II. 19 The fruit of these plants is better understood to be a union of several follicules within a single flower. ?1877 F. E. Hulme Familiar Wild Flowers I. Summary p. x Fruit a follicle of two elongated capsules. 1905 A. E. Knight & E. Step Living Plant in Leaf, Flower, & Fruit xiii. 360 As a rule, several follicles are collected in a cluster at the end of the flower-stalk. 2014 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 141 295 Follicles begin to dehisce between late August and early September. †b. A small sac or bladder containing air, found on parts of plants growing in water or wet soil. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > vessel(s) vesicle1670 vessel1672 air vessel1673 tubule1677 vesicula1705 absorbent1734 follicle1760 vital vessels1832 spiral1837 vas1843 vacuole1853 cyst1866 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. iii. xix. 210 Follicles, are Vessels distended with Air. 1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. H6 Follicles..are vessels distended with air: as at the root in Utricularia, and on the leaves in Aldrovanda. 1816–20 T. Green Universal Herbal II. 784 Two-celled follicles in whorls, in order to support the scape in the water. 1863 M. J. Berkeley Handbk. Brit. Mosses Gloss. 312 Follicle, a little bladder on the leaves, as in Pottia cavifolia. Compounds follicle-stimulating adj. Physiology that stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles; spec. designating a glycoprotein produced by the anterior pituitary that performs this function, esp. in follicle-stimulating hormone. ΚΠ 1929 A. S. Parkes Internal Secretions Ovary ix. 171 The factor governing the law of follicular constancy, variously called ‘generative ferment’ or X-substance, is merely the follicle-stimulating principle of the anterior pituitary. 1931 Endocrinology 15 43 The follicle-stimulating hormone and the luteinizing hormone are often considered together as the ‘master sex hormone’. 1993 Q. Rev. Biol. 68 508/2 The chorionic gonadotropin/luteinizing hormone of horses..has follicle-stimulating activity in pigs, rats, and donkeys. 2017 Daily Mirror (N. Ireland) (Nexis) 29 Aug. 29 Your doctor may want to run a blood test to measure the level of follicle stimulating hormone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1425
随便看	durabliest durably duracine durag durain dural duraler duralest duraller durallest duralumin duralumins duramen duramens durance durances durancy durangite durant durante durante beneplacito durante vita duras duration duration-block