Annameseadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌanəˈmiːz/, U.S.

/ˌænəˈmiz/

Inflections: Plural unchanged;

Forms: 1800s– Anamese (now nonstandard), 1800s– Annamese.

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Annam , -ese suffix.

Etymology: < Annam, †Anam (Vietnamese An Nam , French Annam : see note), the name of a region in what is now central Vietnam (compare the discussion at sense A. 1) + -ese suffix. Compare German Annamese native or inhabitant of Annam (1817 as †Anamese , or earlier), annamesisch , adjective (1822 as †anamesisch , or earlier), and also †Annamer , noun (in J. Klaproth Asia polyglotta (1823), the work reviewed in quot. 1824); compare further French (rare) †annamois , noun (1824 in a review of Klaproth's work). Compare earlier Annamite adj., Annamite n., Annamitic adj., and Annamitic n. Compare also earlier Tonkinese adj. and later Vietnamese adj.The name originally denoted a province of Tang-dynasty China and derives < a Middle Chinese phrase, literally ‘pacified South’ (7th cent.; compare Chinese ān peaceful, safe, and nán south). Compare Chinese ānnán dūhùfǔ , literally ‘protectorate of the pacified south’, the modernized form of the full name of the Tang-era province (hence Vietnamese an nam đô hộ phủ ). In Europe, the place name Annam is attested in French and Latin contexts from the mid 17th cent. (in French earliest as †Annan ), and in English in the later 17th cent. Compare the following earlier example of the place name, used as a modifier with reference to the Vietnamese language (compare sense B. 2):1808 Asiatick Researches 10 267 The Anam language has neither genders, numbers, nor cases.

A. adj.

1. Of or relating to either of the historical or modern regions of mainland South-east Asia known as Annam (see note) or their inhabitants. Also and in earliest use more generally: of, belonging to, or relating to Vietnam; Vietnamese. Now chiefly historical.The province of Annam, now part of northern Vietnam, was established as the southernmost province of Imperial China in 679 a.d. until Vietnam gained independence in 939 a.d. In 1887 the name Annam was given by French colonists to a protectorate in the central region of French Indo-China, which was incorporated into the newly formed State of Vietnam in 1948.Now considered offensive by many Vietnamese people, esp. when used to designate a person from outside Annam province.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Indo-China > [adjective] > Vietnamese > parts of

Annamitic1820

Annamite1823

Annamese1824

Tonkinese1885

1824 Oriental Herald July 392 The classification of the people of Asia by families. The author [sc. Julius Klaproth] admits 24 of these,..19. Chinese; 20. Annamese; 21. Siamese.

1826 J. Conder Mod. Traveller: Birmah, Siam & Anam 322 Adrian..was interred..with all the pomp and ceremonies prescribed by the Anamese religion.

1879 J. H. Gray Journey round World i. 13 The first object of interest..was an ancient Annamese fortification.

1931 H. G. Wells Work, Wealth & Happiness Mankind (1932) vii. 278 It is a description of brutal compulsion and unhappiness, inflicted in this case upon Annamese victims.

1967 Mariner's Mirror 53 41 Both the Annamese and Formosan rafts have multiple dagger-boards.

1995 S. Corbett Hats off to Hats 20 The Annamese people of central Vietnam wear an open form of the turban.

2002 H. Hahn in A. Bingaman et al. Embodied Utopias iv. 83 The French councillors' refusal to raise the number of Annamese councillors.

2. Designating the most widely spoken Mon-Khmer language of Vietnam; of or relating to the Vietnamese language.A language of the Mon-Khmer family within the Austro-Asiatic superfamily, Vietnamese shows considerable influence from both Chinese and French.

ΚΠ

1848 A. H. Palmer Mem. Siberia, Manchuria, & Asiatic Islands Northern Pacific 72 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (30th Congr., 1st Sess.: Senate Misc. Doc. 80) I Annamese language.

1888 North-China Herald 2 Mar. 235/3 This alphabetising of sounds has been found adaptable to Annamese sounds.

1910 Encycl. Brit. II. 62/1 The Annamese language is composed of monosyllables.

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tonkinese, the Annamese dialect of Tonkin.

1947 Language 23 240 They are usually incompletely assimilated borrowings from Chinese and frequently occur in constructions that are also non-free, i.e. different from the usual Annamese constructions and not freely usable.

1994 Jrnl. Asian Stud. 53 872 With his knowledge of the Annamese language, Alexandre de Rhodes (1593–1660) developed a successful mission for several years in Hanoi until the king expelled him.

B. n.

1. With the and plural agreement: the people of either of the historical or modern regions of mainland South-east Asia known as Annam (see note at sense A. 1), considered collectively; (more generally) the Vietnamese people. Also: a native or inhabitant of Annam; (more generally) a Vietnamese person. Now chiefly historical.Now considered offensive by many Vietnamese people, esp. when used to denote a person from outside Annam province.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Indo-China > [noun] > Vietnam > parts of

Annamite1709

Tonkinese1726

Annamese1826

Charley1965

Saigonese1967

1826 J. Conder Mod. Traveller: Birmah, Siam & Anam 332 The Anamese employ several sounds..which are incapable of being pronounced by a Chinese.

1888 E. C. Browne Coming Great Queen ii. 417 The Tongkinese claim to be the elder branch and ancestors of the Annamese, who, previous to the arrival of the French, ruled the roost.

1910 G. M. Vassal On & Off Duty in Annam viii. 134 The birth of a son..confers a celestial benediction on an Annamese.

1933 H. G. Wells Bulpington of Blup ix. 349 All these poor devils from the ends of the earth, Polynesians, Annamese, Coolies, Gurkhas.

1988 China Q. No. 115 425 The Annamese were hated for serving as collaborators with the foreigners.

2001 S. H. Tsai Perpetual Happiness ix. 184 Under Ming rule the Annamese were required to adopt Chinese dress and hairstyles.

2. The most widely spoken Mon-Khmer language of Vietnam; Vietnamese.A language of the Mon-Khmer family within the Austro-Asiatic superfamily, Vietnamese shows considerable influence from both Chinese and French.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austroasiatic > Mon-Khmer > northern languages > Annamese

Annamitic1796

Annamese1837

Annamite1842

1837 Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 6 ii. 1037 (table) Shewing the proportion of words in 100, which, in any two of the languages mentioned below, are found to be the same..Anamese.

1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth Lang. xii. 239 The various languages of Farther India—as the Annamese or Cochin-Chinese, the Siamese, and the Burmese.

1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. xi. 417 Annamese, spoken along the eastern coast of Tonkin.

1989 F. Coulmas Writing Syst. of World (2003) 44 Unlike Greek or the Semitic languages, Annamese, for example, is a tone language.

2011 B. A. Weightman Dragons & Tigers 394/1 Austro-Asiatic [languages] (e.g., Khmer and Annamese, or Vietnamese).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	annamese
释义	Annameseadj.n. Brit. /ˌanəˈmiːz/, U.S. /ˌænəˈmiz/ Inflections: Plural unchanged; Forms: 1800s– Anamese (now nonstandard), 1800s– Annamese. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Annam , -ese suffix. Etymology: < Annam, †Anam (Vietnamese An Nam , French Annam : see note), the name of a region in what is now central Vietnam (compare the discussion at sense A. 1) + -ese suffix. Compare German Annamese native or inhabitant of Annam (1817 as †Anamese , or earlier), annamesisch , adjective (1822 as †anamesisch , or earlier), and also †Annamer , noun (in J. Klaproth Asia polyglotta (1823), the work reviewed in quot. 1824); compare further French (rare) †annamois , noun (1824 in a review of Klaproth's work). Compare earlier Annamite adj., Annamite n., Annamitic adj., and Annamitic n. Compare also earlier Tonkinese adj. and later Vietnamese adj.The name originally denoted a province of Tang-dynasty China and derives < a Middle Chinese phrase, literally ‘pacified South’ (7th cent.; compare Chinese ān peaceful, safe, and nán south). Compare Chinese ānnán dūhùfǔ , literally ‘protectorate of the pacified south’, the modernized form of the full name of the Tang-era province (hence Vietnamese an nam đô hộ phủ ). In Europe, the place name Annam is attested in French and Latin contexts from the mid 17th cent. (in French earliest as †Annan ), and in English in the later 17th cent. Compare the following earlier example of the place name, used as a modifier with reference to the Vietnamese language (compare sense B. 2):1808 Asiatick Researches 10 267 The Anam language has neither genders, numbers, nor cases. A. adj. 1. Of or relating to either of the historical or modern regions of mainland South-east Asia known as Annam (see note) or their inhabitants. Also and in earliest use more generally: of, belonging to, or relating to Vietnam; Vietnamese. Now chiefly historical.The province of Annam, now part of northern Vietnam, was established as the southernmost province of Imperial China in 679 a.d. until Vietnam gained independence in 939 a.d. In 1887 the name Annam was given by French colonists to a protectorate in the central region of French Indo-China, which was incorporated into the newly formed State of Vietnam in 1948.Now considered offensive by many Vietnamese people, esp. when used to designate a person from outside Annam province. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Indo-China > [adjective] > Vietnamese > parts of Annamitic1820 Annamite1823 Annamese1824 Tonkinese1885 1824 Oriental Herald July 392 The classification of the people of Asia by families. The author [sc. Julius Klaproth] admits 24 of these,..19. Chinese; 20. Annamese; 21. Siamese. 1826 J. Conder Mod. Traveller: Birmah, Siam & Anam 322 Adrian..was interred..with all the pomp and ceremonies prescribed by the Anamese religion. 1879 J. H. Gray Journey round World i. 13 The first object of interest..was an ancient Annamese fortification. 1931 H. G. Wells Work, Wealth & Happiness Mankind (1932) vii. 278 It is a description of brutal compulsion and unhappiness, inflicted in this case upon Annamese victims. 1967 Mariner's Mirror 53 41 Both the Annamese and Formosan rafts have multiple dagger-boards. 1995 S. Corbett Hats off to Hats 20 The Annamese people of central Vietnam wear an open form of the turban. 2002 H. Hahn in A. Bingaman et al. Embodied Utopias iv. 83 The French councillors' refusal to raise the number of Annamese councillors. 2. Designating the most widely spoken Mon-Khmer language of Vietnam; of or relating to the Vietnamese language.A language of the Mon-Khmer family within the Austro-Asiatic superfamily, Vietnamese shows considerable influence from both Chinese and French. ΚΠ 1848 A. H. Palmer Mem. Siberia, Manchuria, & Asiatic Islands Northern Pacific 72 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (30th Congr., 1st Sess.: Senate Misc. Doc. 80) I Annamese language. 1888 North-China Herald 2 Mar. 235/3 This alphabetising of sounds has been found adaptable to Annamese sounds. 1910 Encycl. Brit. II. 62/1 The Annamese language is composed of monosyllables. 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tonkinese, the Annamese dialect of Tonkin. 1947 Language 23 240 They are usually incompletely assimilated borrowings from Chinese and frequently occur in constructions that are also non-free, i.e. different from the usual Annamese constructions and not freely usable. 1994 Jrnl. Asian Stud. 53 872 With his knowledge of the Annamese language, Alexandre de Rhodes (1593–1660) developed a successful mission for several years in Hanoi until the king expelled him. B. n. 1. With the and plural agreement: the people of either of the historical or modern regions of mainland South-east Asia known as Annam (see note at sense A. 1), considered collectively; (more generally) the Vietnamese people. Also: a native or inhabitant of Annam; (more generally) a Vietnamese person. Now chiefly historical.Now considered offensive by many Vietnamese people, esp. when used to denote a person from outside Annam province. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Indo-China > [noun] > Vietnam > parts of Annamite1709 Tonkinese1726 Annamese1826 Charley1965 Saigonese1967 1826 J. Conder Mod. Traveller: Birmah, Siam & Anam 332 The Anamese employ several sounds..which are incapable of being pronounced by a Chinese. 1888 E. C. Browne Coming Great Queen ii. 417 The Tongkinese claim to be the elder branch and ancestors of the Annamese, who, previous to the arrival of the French, ruled the roost. 1910 G. M. Vassal On & Off Duty in Annam viii. 134 The birth of a son..confers a celestial benediction on an Annamese. 1933 H. G. Wells Bulpington of Blup ix. 349 All these poor devils from the ends of the earth, Polynesians, Annamese, Coolies, Gurkhas. 1988 China Q. No. 115 425 The Annamese were hated for serving as collaborators with the foreigners. 2001 S. H. Tsai Perpetual Happiness ix. 184 Under Ming rule the Annamese were required to adopt Chinese dress and hairstyles. 2. The most widely spoken Mon-Khmer language of Vietnam; Vietnamese.A language of the Mon-Khmer family within the Austro-Asiatic superfamily, Vietnamese shows considerable influence from both Chinese and French. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austroasiatic > Mon-Khmer > northern languages > Annamese Annamitic1796 Annamese1837 Annamite1842 1837 Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 6 ii. 1037 (table) Shewing the proportion of words in 100, which, in any two of the languages mentioned below, are found to be the same..Anamese. 1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth Lang. xii. 239 The various languages of Farther India—as the Annamese or Cochin-Chinese, the Siamese, and the Burmese. 1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. xi. 417 Annamese, spoken along the eastern coast of Tonkin. 1989 F. Coulmas Writing Syst. of World (2003) 44 Unlike Greek or the Semitic languages, Annamese, for example, is a tone language. 2011 B. A. Weightman Dragons & Tigers 394/1 Austro-Asiatic [languages] (e.g., Khmer and Annamese, or Vietnamese). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < adj.n.1824
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