Florentineadj.n.
/ˈflɒrəntʌɪn/, /ˈflɒrn̩tʌɪn/, /ˈflɒrəntiːn/, /ˈflɒrn̩tiːn/, U.S. /ˈflɔrənˌtin/ A. adj.
Of or pertaining to Florence, the chief city of Tuscany.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Italians > [adjective] > other Italian towns
jean1495
Venetian1554
Milanese1569
Pisan1570
Neapolitan1580
Salerne1598
Florentine1603
Salernitan1621
Amalfitan1625
Paduan1633
Pavian1633
Modenese1693
Veronese1757
Sienese1814
Torinese1864
Lucchese1883
Patavine1929
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 292 Francis the Florentine Cardinall.
1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. II. 185 Antonio del Pollajuolo, a Florentine painter, who died in 1498.
1877 Nicol in Encycl. Brit. VII. 166 The third [diamond] in weight is the Florentine or Grand Duke.
B. n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Florence. Also a Florentine ship.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels from specific country or region > [noun] > vessel from specific town or province
Florentine1591
Gallego1596
Lubecker1627
Flushinger1689
Newfoundlander1744
Londoner1765
novy1897
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Italians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Italy > other Italian towns
Genowayc1400
Neapolitanc1425
Venetian1432
milliner1449
Milanese1484
Genevois1521
Genoeses1553
Pisan1559
Ferrarese1573
Florentine1591
Paduana1592
Amalfitan1600
Bergamask1602
Genovese1603
Genoan1608
Salernitan1608
Patavine1611
Vicentine1611
White Moors1617
Perugian1620
Genoesian1624
Lucchese1660
Veronese1673
Modenese1711
Pavian1712
Sienese1756
Patavinian1771
Livornese1789
Bolognese1818
Torinese1864
Assisian1870
Triestine1905
Luccan1911
Padovan1953
Cassinese1957
1591 W. Raleigh Rep. Fight Iles of Açores sig. A3v Their Nauy..strengthened with..Florentines and huge Hulkes of other countries.
1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 45 The woorke-menne, beinge florentynes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. ii. 1 The Florentines and Senoys are by th'eares. View more context for this quotation
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 353 London was, to the Londoner..what Florence was to the Florentine of the fifteenth century.
2. A textile fabric of silk or †wool, used for wearing apparel. Cf. Florence n.1 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from choice of fibres > [noun] > silk or woollen
dornick1489
caddis1536
Florentine1545
rash1578
shag1592
prunella1656
brocatellea1684
crown rash1710
crépon1887
1545 Rates Custome House sig. diijv Florentynes [printed -tyse] for a clothe.
1819 A. Rees Cycl. XIV Florentine.. a species of satin or tweeled silk.
1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 211/1 Florentine..is a twilled silk, thicker than Florence, which latter is, however, sometimes called by the same name.
3. Cookery. A kind of pie or tart; esp. meat baked in a dish with a cover of paste.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pie > [noun] > meat-pie
rafiolea1425
shred-pie1573
Florentine1579
marrowbone pie1595
marrow pie1598
meat pie1607
mutton pie1607
olive pie1615
venison piea1616
flesh-pie1616
veal (and ham) piea1625
godiveau1653
lumber-pie1656
mermaid pie1661
umble-pie1663
humble piea1665
trotter-pie1693
stump pie1695
mugget pie1696
pot-pie1702
squab-pie1708
pork pie1723
steak pie1723
Perigord pie1751
pasticcio1772
fidget pie1790
muggety pie1800
numble pie1822
Florentine pie1823
pastilla1834
kidney-pie1836
beef-steak pie1841
stand pie1872
Melton Mowbray1875
timbale1880
pâté en croûte1929
tourtière1953
growler1989
1579 E. Hake Newes out of Powles Churchyarde newly Renued iv. sig. D3 With Custards, Tarts, and Florentines, the bancquet to amende.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Florentine, a made Dish of Minced Meats, Currans, Spice, Eggs, &c., Bak'd.
1727 E. Smith Compl. Housewife 114 (heading) To make a Florendine of Veal.
1870 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 18) v. 126 A florentine (an excellent old Scottish dish composed of veal).
4. The Florentine dialect of Italian.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Romance > Italian > varieties of
courtesan1549
Roman1561
Tuscan1568
Lombard1598
Neapolitan1598
Venetian1598
Lucchese1642
Milanese1642
Piedmontese1642
Romanesco1792
Sicilian1818
Ligurian1835
Bolognese1839
Corsican1855
Florentine1855
Veronese1872
Emilian1878
Romanaccio1963
Torinese1975
1855 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity VI. xiv. v. 516 That exquisite, all admired Florentine..has secured its undying fame.
Compounds
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > iris and related flowers > irises
gladdona700
gladiolusc1000
flaga1387
fleur-de-lisc1390
regworta1400
yellow flag1526
lug1538
yellow lily1555
spurge-wort1562
swordling1562
garden flag1578
ireos1578
iris1578
stinking iris1578
water flag1578
yellow iris1578
fane1597
Florentine flower-de-luce1597
stinking gladdon1597
stinking sedge1597
velvet flower-de-luce1597
orris1609
sisyrinchium1629
luce1642
Florence iris1664
cuttle-haft1688
blue flag1732
snake's-head iris1739
flag-flower1753
roast-beef plant1800
shalder1825
flag-leaf1827
sweet sedge1839
poison flag1840
flagger1842
wedding-flower1869
mourning iris1874
flagon1878
Rocky Mountain iris1880
Florentine iris1882
Japanese iris1883
flag-lily1884
sword-flag1884
blue iris1886
thunderbolt1898
scorpion iris1900
1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 48 The white Flower de-luce is like vnto the Florentine Flower de-luce.
Florentine fresco n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > a mural painting > fresco > types of fresco
scratch-work1710
sgraffito1730
fresco secco1843
secco1852
Florentine fresco1854
spirit fresco1864
1854 F. W. Fairholt Dict. Terms Art Florentine Fresco, Like common fresco, the lime is used wet, but in this mode it can be moistened and kept damp, and fit for painting on.
Florentine iris n. the white or pale-blue iris ( I. Florentina).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > iris and related flowers > irises
gladdona700
gladiolusc1000
flaga1387
fleur-de-lisc1390
regworta1400
yellow flag1526
lug1538
yellow lily1555
spurge-wort1562
swordling1562
garden flag1578
ireos1578
iris1578
stinking iris1578
water flag1578
yellow iris1578
fane1597
Florentine flower-de-luce1597
stinking gladdon1597
stinking sedge1597
velvet flower-de-luce1597
orris1609
sisyrinchium1629
luce1642
Florence iris1664
cuttle-haft1688
blue flag1732
snake's-head iris1739
flag-flower1753
roast-beef plant1800
shalder1825
flag-leaf1827
sweet sedge1839
poison flag1840
flagger1842
wedding-flower1869
mourning iris1874
flagon1878
Rocky Mountain iris1880
Florentine iris1882
Japanese iris1883
flag-lily1884
sword-flag1884
blue iris1886
thunderbolt1898
scorpion iris1900
1882 Garden 20 May 353/1 A large table bouquet..of tall white Florentine Iris.
Florentine lake n. (see quot. 1854).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > other red pigments
rosetc1450
crimson?a1475
patise1589
sandyx1601
lake1616
lac1682
red lac1682
light red1692
carmine1712
rose pink1732
Venetian red1753
fire-red1798
pink saucer1804
chica1818
Florentine lake1822
French red1844
Antwerp red1851
Paris lake1866
carajura1874
cadmium red1886
Chinese vermilion1886
Chinese red1892
terra rosa1897
vermilionette1897
Derby red1904
Monastral1936
1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 411 Florentine lake.
1854 F. W. Fairholt Dict. Terms Art Florentine Lake, a pigment prepared from cochineal. It is now obsolete.
Florentine marble n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > marble > others
Florentine marble1706
Carraraa1728
rosso antico1730
giallo antico1741
campan1794
dolomite1794
ruin marble1798
turquin1811
picrite1814
landscape marble1816
snow1848
Irish green1850
palombino1859
Tennessee marble1875
corallite1883
stalagmite marble1895
Piastraccia1909
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Florentine or Landskip-Marble, a kind of Marble in which the Figures of Mountains, Rivers, Towers..and even whole Cities are naturally represented.
Florentine mosaic n. a kind of mosaic made by inlaying precious stones in marble or the like.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > mosaic > [noun] > type of mosaic
opus alexandrinum1852
Florentine mosaic1854
glass-mosaic1854
1854 F. W. Fairholt Dict. Terms Art Florentine Mosaic.
Florentine pie n. = B. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pie > [noun] > meat-pie
rafiolea1425
shred-pie1573
Florentine1579
marrowbone pie1595
marrow pie1598
meat pie1607
mutton pie1607
olive pie1615
venison piea1616
flesh-pie1616
veal (and ham) piea1625
godiveau1653
lumber-pie1656
mermaid pie1661
umble-pie1663
humble piea1665
trotter-pie1693
stump pie1695
mugget pie1696
pot-pie1702
squab-pie1708
pork pie1723
steak pie1723
Perigord pie1751
pasticcio1772
fidget pie1790
muggety pie1800
numble pie1822
Florentine pie1823
pastilla1834
kidney-pie1836
beef-steak pie1841
stand pie1872
Melton Mowbray1875
timbale1880
pâté en croûte1929
tourtière1953
growler1989
1823 J. Galt Entail III. vii. 65 A jigot o' mutton, a fine young poney cock, and a florentine pye.
Derivatives
ˈFlorentine v. (transitive) to cook or prepare in the manner of a florentine ( B. 3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > prepare food [verb (transitive)] > in regional style
Florentine1769
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper iv. 122 To florendine Rabbits.
Draft additions 1993
[In senses Compounds and B. 3, < or influenced by French florentin(e in same sense.]
a. Now usually /ˈflɒrəntiːn/. Cookery. Prepared in a style characteristic of Florence. Of eggs, fish, etc.: served on a bed of spinach; more generally, applied to other dishes involving spinach. Frequently postpositively, and as à la Florentine.
/ˈflɒrəntiːn/. Cookery. Prepared in a style characteristic of Florence. Of eggs, fish, etc.: served on a bed of spinach; more generally, applied to other dishes involving spinach. Frequently postpositively, and as à la Florentine.ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > [adjective] > prepared in regional style
Florentine1747
Provençale1841
polonaise1843
Lyonnais1846
Provençal1876
Strasbourgeois1878
Niçoise1884
Portugaise1907
Szechuan1945
Perigourdine1951
caprese1970
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > [adverb] > prepared in specific style
à la reine1723
à la Portugaise1793
au naturel1817
à la polonaise1834
à la Florentine1911
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 113 To make a Cheesecurd Florendine. Take two Pounds of Cheesecurd,..Almonds,..Rose-water,..Currans,..some stewed Spinage cut small.
1911 M. A. Fairclough Ideal Cookery Bk. 557 Oeufs à la Florentine... Break the eggs upon the spinach, dust with salt and pepper, coat the eggs with Mornay sauce.
1950 E. David Bk. Mediterranean Food 106 Cambacérés is one of the sign-posts, like parmentier (potatoes) or florentine (spinach).
1970 V. Canning Great Affair ii. 14 There was a pair of fresh Torbay soles..and some packets of frozen spinach, so..I made the basis of a sole Florentine.
1985 D. Smith One is Fun! vi. 145 Florentine eggs. This favourite classic egg dish is usually either baked in the oven or else the eggs are poached separately and served with a spinach and cheese sauce.
b. Of embroidery: worked using Florentine stitch.
ΚΠ
1909 Embroidery iv. 109/1 Florentine stitch..is the stitch used in the well-known Florentine work.
1976 Oxf. Times 3 Sept. 9/3 I promise my pupils they will be able to do Florentine embroidery by the end of the evening.
1980 Pract. Needlework 230/1 Shown here are a few of the most popular Florentine patterns—zigzag, ogee, flame.
Draft additions 1993
Florentine stitch n. an embroidery stitch creating a repeated zigzag or interlocking pattern by counting threads, either horizontally or diagonally, in contrasting or shaded colours; cf. Bargello n.
ΚΠ
c1890 tr. T. de Dillmont Encycl. Needlework 133 Florentine stitch is worked in slanting lines, the thread being carried, diagonally first over one and then over two double threads of the canvas.
1960 B. L. Snook Eng. Hist. Embroidery 86 The tiny things she made include two pincushions in cross stitch and Florentine stitch, needle and bodkin cases, [etc.].
Draft additions 1993
Now usually /ˈflɒrəntiːn/. (a) [ < French (gâteau) florentin.] A variety of almond cake. (b) A thin biscuit coated on one side with chocolate, and consisting chiefly of pieces of flaked nuts and preserved fruit.
/ˈflɒrəntiːn/. (a) [ < French (gâteau) florentin.] A variety of almond cake. (b) A thin biscuit coated on one side with chocolate, and consisting chiefly of pieces of flaked nuts and preserved fruit.ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > biscuit > [noun] > other biscuits
dorcake14..
cracknelc1440
hard breada1500
crackling1598
Naples biscuit1650
gingerbread man1686
chocolate biscuit1702
biscotin1723
sponge biscuit1736
maple biscuita1753
butter biscuit1758
nut1775
Oliver biscuit1786
funeral biscuit1790
rock biscuit?1790
ratafia1801
finger biscuit1812
Savoy drop1816
lady's finger1818
snap1819
Abernethy1830
pretzel1831
wine-biscuit1834
gingersnap1838
captain's biscuit1843
lebkuchen1847
simnel1854
sugar cookie1854
peppernut1862
McClellan pie1863
Savoy ring1866
Brown George1867
beaten biscuit1876
digestive1876
Osborne1876
Bath Oliver1878
marie1878
boer biscuit1882
charcoal biscuit1885
biscotti1886
fairing1888
snickerdoodle1889
pfeffernuss1891
zwieback1894
Nice1895
Garibaldi biscuit1896
Oswegoc1900
squashed fly1900
amaretto1905
boerebeskuit1905
Romary1905
petit beurre1906
Oswego biscuit1907
soetkoekie1910
Oreo1912
custard cream1916
Anzac1923
sweet biscuit1929
langue de chat1931
Bourbon biscuit1932
Afghan1934
flapjack1935
Florentine1936
chocolate chip cookie1938
choc chip cookie1940
Toll House cookie1940
tuile1943
pizzelle1949
black and white1967
Romany Cream1970
papri1978
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes
honey appleeOE
barley-cake1393
seed cakea1400
cake?a1425
pudding-cake?1553
manchet1562
biscuit cake1593
placent1598
poplin1600
jumbal1615
bread pudding1623
semel1643
wine-cakea1661
Shrewsbury cake1670
curd cake1675
fruitcake1687
clap-bread1691
simnel cake1699
orange-flower cake1718
banana cake1726
sweet-cake1726
torte1748
Naples cake1766
Bath cake1769
gofer1769
yeast-cake1795
nutcake1801
tipsy-cake1806
cruller1808
baba1813
lady's finger1818
coconut cake1824
mint cake1825
sices1825
cup-cake1828
batter-cake1830
buckwheat1830
Dundee seed cake1833
fat-cake1839
babka1846
wonder1848
popover1850
cream-cake1855
sly-cake1855
dripping-cake1857
lard-cake1858
puffet1860
quick cake1865
barnbrack1867
matrimony cake1871
brioche1873
Nelson cake1877
cocoa cake1883
sesame cake1883
marinade1888
mystery1889
oblietjie1890
stuffed monkey1892
Greek bread1893
Battenberg1903
Oswego cake1907
nusstorte1911
dump cake1912
Dobos Torte1915
lekach1918
buckle1935
Florentine1936
hash cake1967
space cake1984
1936 A. R. Daniel Up-to-date Confectionery xxvi. 306 Florentines, this delicious Continental dainty is another almond cake that may be used for special occasions or for general café trade.
1959 T. E. Thompson Fancies, Small Cakes & Chocolate Goods xii. 187 Florentines... Melt the butter, milk and sugar in a pan..then stir in the almonds and fruit... Leave the mixture to cool.
1968 Guardian 16 Dec. 7/5 52 guineas buys the..Luxury Hamper containing one bottle of champagne..one tin of florentines..[etc.].
1981 N.Y. Times 30 Sept. c20/3 ‘Why do you call it a biscuit, rather than a cookie?’ asked one woman as lacy Florentines were being made.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1545