fontanellefontaneln.

Brit.

/ˌfɒntəˈnɛl/, U.S.

/ˌfɑntnˈɛl/

Forms: late Middle English fontynellez (plural), late Middle English fountynell, late Middle English 1600s–1700s fontinell, 1500s fontynelle, 1500s–1700s fontenelle, 1500s– fontanelle, 1600s fontenel, 1600s fountenell, 1600s funtanell, 1600s–1800s fontanell, 1600s–1800s fontinel, 1600s– fontanel (now chiefly U.S.), 1700s– fountanel (now rare and nonstandard).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin fontanella, fontinella; French fontenele, fontenelle, fontinele.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin fontanella, fontinella hollow of the neck (from 13th cent. in British sources), hollow between two muscles (1363 in Chauliac), and its etymon (ii) Anglo-Norman fontinele, funteinele, Anglo-Norman and Middle French fontenele, fontenelle (Old French fontanele , fontenele ; French fontanelle ) small spring (12th cent. in Old French), hollow of the neck (13th cent. in Anglo-Norman, 14th cent. in continental French), one of several membranous spaces in the head of an infant (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 1b; the sense ‘top of the skull’ is attested c1200 in Old French), artificial ulcer (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 2a) < fontaine fountain n. + -elle -elle suffix.Compare Italian fontanella (a1300, earliest in the sense ‘small spring’), Dutch fontanelle artificial ulcer (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 2a). With sense 2b compare Anglo-Norman funteinele outlet (13th cent.).

1. Anatomy.

†a. A natural hollow on the surface of the body, typically one located between two muscles or tendons. Cf. well n.¹ 7. Obsolete.Used with reference to sites for the placement of a cautery or seton; cf. sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > parts of muscle > [noun]

wella1400

fontanelle?a1425

head?a1425

belly1591

venter1615

tail1719

myotome1857

sclerotome1857

myomere1868

muscle spindle1894

spindle1894

Z line1916

Z band1950

dyad1957

triad1957

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 (MED) Þer beþ not vsed to me bot cauteriez punctualez or rotund of þe fontynellez [L. fontinellarum], i. wellez of þe armez & leggez.

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pj For that cause be the cetons & canteres [sic] done (behynde the necke,) and in the fontenelles [Fr. fontenelles] of the lacertes where as one is deuyded from the other.

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pij On the fontynelles [Fr. fontinelles] vnder y^e knee.

b. Any of the membranous gaps between the bones of the skull in human infants and young children, which close by ossification in early childhood; esp. (more fully anterior fontanelle) the largest (and last to close) of these, located between the frontal and parietal bones. Also: a similar gap, sometimes persistent throughout life, in the skull of various other animals.In the human infant there are six fontanelles, the anterior and posterior fontanelles in the midline of the skull, and a mastoid and sphenoidal fontanelle on each side.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > parietal bones > fontanelle

moulda1398

closure1569

fontanelle1598

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. ii. iv. f. 11/2 Nether may we trepane on the fontanelle [Fr. la fontenelle de la teste], or openinge of the heade in yonge Children.

1699 tr. de La Vauguion Compl. Body Chirurg. Operations 159 Aristotle thinks the Fontanel [Fr. fontenelle] Ossifies, about the time Children begin to speak.

1741 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) 71 That Part of the parietal and frontal Bones, where the Fontanelle is in Children.

1752 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. 292 No perceiveable pulsation at the Fontanelle.

1813 M. Baillie in New Eng. Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 2 92 (note) In two children, I opened the head at the anterior fontanel.

1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. iii. 127 The transitory fontanelle of man is permanent in some animals, as..certain Sharks.

1875 T. H. Huxley in Encycl. Brit. I. 755/1 A large space (fontanelle) covered in by membrane, which lies in the interorbital region [of the frog].

1949 H. Bailey Demonstr. Physical Signs Clin. Surg. (ed. 11) viii. 86 Delayed closure of the fontanelle is seen in several metabolic diseases, especially rickets, of which it is good confirmatory evidence.

2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 195 Dehydrated children tend to be listless and quiet, with dry, sunken eyes and, in babies, a sagging, flaccid fontanelle, or ‘soft spot’.

a. Medicine. An artificially created or naturally occurring opening in the skin through which pus or other body fluids can drain; = issue n. 4a. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > [noun]

chimney1398

emuncture?1541

emunctuary1572

fontanelle1598

emunctory1601

emissary1657

excretory1715

excreter1849

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. viii. iv. f. 43/1 If soe be the Cauterye be applyed to make a fontanelle [Du. Fontanelle; Fr. Fontenelle], we must then cause the Escara throughe the sayed remedves [sic] to separate, and keep open the hole, or the foresayed vlceration, as greate as the rotunditye of a bullet.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 10 The cautrizing Irons..are good to make a funtanell or Issue in the hinder part of the head.

1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 742 Fontinels or Issues naturally arising in the Arms and Feet.

1779 S. Johnson Let. 3 Aug. (1992) III. 179 He has a fontanel in his back.

2006 J. Kirkup Evol. Surg. Instruments xxv. 403/1 Issues and fontanels were supposed remedies for joint diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other chronic conditions.

†b. An outlet or opening through which something flows or is discharged. Frequently figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit > specific for things

emissary1601

outcast1601

vent1602

fontanelle1649

pass-port1682

vomitory1822

emissory1858

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar i. 36 Why hath nature given to Women two exuberant fontinells which..drop milk like dew?

1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living ii. 91 Widows, the fontinel of whose desires hath been opened by the former permissions of the marriage-bed.

1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 126 An Orator (who has a noble and notable confidence, and whose fontenel sends forth matter with words).

1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 12 Nature..purgeth it by Fontanels and Issues of running waters in its irriguous Valleys.

1848 R. E. Landor Fountain of Arethusa I. iii. ii. 74 The velocity with which we descended through this narrow fontanel of perforated rock, round and round twenty fathoms deep.

1882 S. L. Fleishman tr. H. Heine Romantic School 259 The Suabian school..attracted to itself all the sickly, chlorotic, mawkishly-pious, clumsy votaries of the German muse. Stuttgart was the fontanel, as it were, for the German muse.

c. Music. A protective, usually perforated cover placed over part of the mechanism of one or more of the keys of a wind instrument. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1898 Proc. Musical Assoc. (24th Sess., 1897–8) 164 In the drawing of the bass flute.., the cusps only are visible, the other parts of the key being concealed from view by a perforated box, or fontanelle, with which it is covered.

1965 Music Educators Jrnl. Nov. 96/2 The open key was protected by a fontanelle, a perforated cover slipped over the bore, necessary because of the wider spacing of the finger holes.

2007 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 60 16/2 He has apparently misunderstood the function of the fontanelle or key cover.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	fontanelle
释义	fontanellefontaneln. Brit. /ˌfɒntəˈnɛl/, U.S. /ˌfɑntnˈɛl/ Forms: late Middle English fontynellez (plural), late Middle English fountynell, late Middle English 1600s–1700s fontinell, 1500s fontynelle, 1500s–1700s fontenelle, 1500s– fontanelle, 1600s fontenel, 1600s fountenell, 1600s funtanell, 1600s–1800s fontanell, 1600s–1800s fontinel, 1600s– fontanel (now chiefly U.S.), 1700s– fountanel (now rare and nonstandard). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin fontanella, fontinella; French fontenele, fontenelle, fontinele. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin fontanella, fontinella hollow of the neck (from 13th cent. in British sources), hollow between two muscles (1363 in Chauliac), and its etymon (ii) Anglo-Norman fontinele, funteinele, Anglo-Norman and Middle French fontenele, fontenelle (Old French fontanele , fontenele ; French fontanelle ) small spring (12th cent. in Old French), hollow of the neck (13th cent. in Anglo-Norman, 14th cent. in continental French), one of several membranous spaces in the head of an infant (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 1b; the sense ‘top of the skull’ is attested c1200 in Old French), artificial ulcer (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 2a) < fontaine fountain n. + -elle -elle suffix.Compare Italian fontanella (a1300, earliest in the sense ‘small spring’), Dutch fontanelle artificial ulcer (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 2a). With sense 2b compare Anglo-Norman funteinele outlet (13th cent.). 1. Anatomy. †a. A natural hollow on the surface of the body, typically one located between two muscles or tendons. Cf. well n.¹ 7. Obsolete.Used with reference to sites for the placement of a cautery or seton; cf. sense 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > parts of muscle > [noun] wella1400 fontanelle?a1425 head?a1425 belly1591 venter1615 tail1719 myotome1857 sclerotome1857 myomere1868 muscle spindle1894 spindle1894 Z line1916 Z band1950 dyad1957 triad1957 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 (MED) Þer beþ not vsed to me bot cauteriez punctualez or rotund of þe fontynellez [L. fontinellarum], i. wellez of þe armez & leggez. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pj For that cause be the cetons & canteres [sic] done (behynde the necke,) and in the fontenelles [Fr. fontenelles] of the lacertes where as one is deuyded from the other. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pij On the fontynelles [Fr. fontinelles] vnder y^e knee. b. Any of the membranous gaps between the bones of the skull in human infants and young children, which close by ossification in early childhood; esp. (more fully anterior fontanelle) the largest (and last to close) of these, located between the frontal and parietal bones. Also: a similar gap, sometimes persistent throughout life, in the skull of various other animals.In the human infant there are six fontanelles, the anterior and posterior fontanelles in the midline of the skull, and a mastoid and sphenoidal fontanelle on each side. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > parietal bones > fontanelle moulda1398 closure1569 fontanelle1598 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. ii. iv. f. 11/2 Nether may we trepane on the fontanelle [Fr. la fontenelle de la teste], or openinge of the heade in yonge Children. 1699 tr. de La Vauguion Compl. Body Chirurg. Operations 159 Aristotle thinks the Fontanel [Fr. fontenelle] Ossifies, about the time Children begin to speak. 1741 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) 71 That Part of the parietal and frontal Bones, where the Fontanelle is in Children. 1752 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. 292 No perceiveable pulsation at the Fontanelle. 1813 M. Baillie in New Eng. Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 2 92 (note) In two children, I opened the head at the anterior fontanel. 1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. iii. 127 The transitory fontanelle of man is permanent in some animals, as..certain Sharks. 1875 T. H. Huxley in Encycl. Brit. I. 755/1 A large space (fontanelle) covered in by membrane, which lies in the interorbital region [of the frog]. 1949 H. Bailey Demonstr. Physical Signs Clin. Surg. (ed. 11) viii. 86 Delayed closure of the fontanelle is seen in several metabolic diseases, especially rickets, of which it is good confirmatory evidence. 2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 195 Dehydrated children tend to be listless and quiet, with dry, sunken eyes and, in babies, a sagging, flaccid fontanelle, or ‘soft spot’. 2. a. Medicine. An artificially created or naturally occurring opening in the skin through which pus or other body fluids can drain; = issue n. 4a. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > [noun] chimney1398 emuncture?1541 emunctuary1572 fontanelle1598 emunctory1601 emissary1657 excretory1715 excreter1849 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. viii. iv. f. 43/1 If soe be the Cauterye be applyed to make a fontanelle [Du. Fontanelle; Fr. Fontenelle], we must then cause the Escara throughe the sayed remedves [sic] to separate, and keep open the hole, or the foresayed vlceration, as greate as the rotunditye of a bullet. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 10 The cautrizing Irons..are good to make a funtanell or Issue in the hinder part of the head. 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 742 Fontinels or Issues naturally arising in the Arms and Feet. 1779 S. Johnson Let. 3 Aug. (1992) III. 179 He has a fontanel in his back. 2006 J. Kirkup Evol. Surg. Instruments xxv. 403/1 Issues and fontanels were supposed remedies for joint diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other chronic conditions. †b. An outlet or opening through which something flows or is discharged. Frequently figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit > specific for things emissary1601 outcast1601 vent1602 fontanelle1649 pass-port1682 vomitory1822 emissory1858 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar i. 36 Why hath nature given to Women two exuberant fontinells which..drop milk like dew? 1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living ii. 91 Widows, the fontinel of whose desires hath been opened by the former permissions of the marriage-bed. 1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 126 An Orator (who has a noble and notable confidence, and whose fontenel sends forth matter with words). 1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 12 Nature..purgeth it by Fontanels and Issues of running waters in its irriguous Valleys. 1848 R. E. Landor Fountain of Arethusa I. iii. ii. 74 The velocity with which we descended through this narrow fontanel of perforated rock, round and round twenty fathoms deep. 1882 S. L. Fleishman tr. H. Heine Romantic School 259 The Suabian school..attracted to itself all the sickly, chlorotic, mawkishly-pious, clumsy votaries of the German muse. Stuttgart was the fontanel, as it were, for the German muse. c. Music. A protective, usually perforated cover placed over part of the mechanism of one or more of the keys of a wind instrument. Now historical. ΚΠ 1898 Proc. Musical Assoc. (24th Sess., 1897–8) 164 In the drawing of the bass flute.., the cusps only are visible, the other parts of the key being concealed from view by a perforated box, or fontanelle, with which it is covered. 1965 Music Educators Jrnl. Nov. 96/2 The open key was protected by a fontanelle, a perforated cover slipped over the bore, necessary because of the wider spacing of the finger holes. 2007 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 60 16/2 He has apparently misunderstood the function of the fontanelle or key cover. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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