单词 | fontanelle |
释义 | fontanellefontaneln. 1. Anatomy. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > parts of muscle > [noun] wella1400 fontanelle?a1425 head?a1425 belly1591 venter1615 tail1719 myotome1857 sclerotome1857 myomere1868 muscle spindle1894 spindle1894 Z line1916 Z band1950 dyad1957 triad1957 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 (MED) Þer beþ not vsed to me bot cauteriez punctualez or rotund of þe fontynellez [L. fontinellarum], i. wellez of þe armez & leggez. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pj For that cause be the cetons & canteres [sic] done (behynde the necke,) and in the fontenelles [Fr. fontenelles] of the lacertes where as one is deuyded from the other. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pij On the fontynelles [Fr. fontinelles] vnder ye knee. b. Any of the membranous gaps between the bones of the skull in human infants and young children, which close by ossification in early childhood; esp. (more fully anterior fontanelle) the largest (and last to close) of these, located between the frontal and parietal bones. Also: a similar gap, sometimes persistent throughout life, in the skull of various other animals.In the human infant there are six fontanelles, the anterior and posterior fontanelles in the midline of the skull, and a mastoid and sphenoidal fontanelle on each side. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > parietal bones > fontanelle moulda1398 closure1569 fontanelle1598 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. ii. iv. f. 11/2 Nether may we trepane on the fontanelle [Fr. la fontenelle de la teste], or openinge of the heade in yonge Children. 1699 tr. de La Vauguion Compl. Body Chirurg. Operations 159 Aristotle thinks the Fontanel [Fr. fontenelle] Ossifies, about the time Children begin to speak. 1741 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) 71 That Part of the parietal and frontal Bones, where the Fontanelle is in Children. 1752 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. 292 No perceiveable pulsation at the Fontanelle. 1813 M. Baillie in New Eng. Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 2 92 (note) In two children, I opened the head at the anterior fontanel. 1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. iii. 127 The transitory fontanelle of man is permanent in some animals, as..certain Sharks. 1875 T. H. Huxley in Encycl. Brit. I. 755/1 A large space (fontanelle) covered in by membrane, which lies in the interorbital region [of the frog]. 1949 H. Bailey Demonstr. Physical Signs Clin. Surg. (ed. 11) viii. 86 Delayed closure of the fontanelle is seen in several metabolic diseases, especially rickets, of which it is good confirmatory evidence. 2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 195 Dehydrated children tend to be listless and quiet, with dry, sunken eyes and, in babies, a sagging, flaccid fontanelle, or ‘soft spot’. 2. a. Medicine. An artificially created or naturally occurring opening in the skin through which pus or other body fluids can drain; = issue n. 4a. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > [noun] chimney1398 emuncture?1541 emunctuary1572 fontanelle1598 emunctory1601 emissary1657 excretory1715 excreter1849 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. viii. iv. f. 43/1 If soe be the Cauterye be applyed to make a fontanelle [Du. Fontanelle; Fr. Fontenelle], we must then cause the Escara throughe the sayed remedves [sic] to separate, and keep open the hole, or the foresayed vlceration, as greate as the rotunditye of a bullet. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 10 The cautrizing Irons..are good to make a funtanell or Issue in the hinder part of the head. 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 742 Fontinels or Issues naturally arising in the Arms and Feet. 1779 S. Johnson Let. 3 Aug. (1992) III. 179 He has a fontanel in his back. 2006 J. Kirkup Evol. Surg. Instruments xxv. 403/1 Issues and fontanels were supposed remedies for joint diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other chronic conditions. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit > specific for things emissary1601 outcast1601 vent1602 fontanelle1649 pass-port1682 vomitory1822 emissory1858 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar i. 36 Why hath nature given to Women two exuberant fontinells which..drop milk like dew? 1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living ii. 91 Widows, the fontinel of whose desires hath been opened by the former permissions of the marriage-bed. 1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 126 An Orator (who has a noble and notable confidence, and whose fontenel sends forth matter with words). 1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 12 Nature..purgeth it by Fontanels and Issues of running waters in its irriguous Valleys. 1848 R. E. Landor Fountain of Arethusa I. iii. ii. 74 The velocity with which we descended through this narrow fontanel of perforated rock, round and round twenty fathoms deep. 1882 S. L. Fleishman tr. H. Heine Romantic School 259 The Suabian school..attracted to itself all the sickly, chlorotic, mawkishly-pious, clumsy votaries of the German muse. Stuttgart was the fontanel, as it were, for the German muse. c. Music. A protective, usually perforated cover placed over part of the mechanism of one or more of the keys of a wind instrument. Now historical. ΚΠ 1898 Proc. Musical Assoc. (24th Sess., 1897–8) 164 In the drawing of the bass flute.., the cusps only are visible, the other parts of the key being concealed from view by a perforated box, or fontanelle, with which it is covered. 1965 Music Educators Jrnl. Nov. 96/2 The open key was protected by a fontanelle, a perforated cover slipped over the bore, necessary because of the wider spacing of the finger holes. 2007 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 60 16/2 He has apparently misunderstood the function of the fontanelle or key cover. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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