请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 fontanelle
释义

fontanellefontaneln.

Brit. /ˌfɒntəˈnɛl/, U.S. /ˌfɑntnˈɛl/
Forms: late Middle English fontynellez (plural), late Middle English fountynell, late Middle English 1600s–1700s fontinell, 1500s fontynelle, 1500s–1700s fontenelle, 1500s– fontanelle, 1600s fontenel, 1600s fountenell, 1600s funtanell, 1600s–1800s fontanell, 1600s–1800s fontinel, 1600s– fontanel (now chiefly U.S.), 1700s– fountanel (now rare and nonstandard).
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin fontanella, fontinella; French fontenele, fontenelle, fontinele.
Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin fontanella, fontinella hollow of the neck (from 13th cent. in British sources), hollow between two muscles (1363 in Chauliac), and its etymon (ii) Anglo-Norman fontinele, funteinele, Anglo-Norman and Middle French fontenele, fontenelle (Old French fontanele , fontenele ; French fontanelle ) small spring (12th cent. in Old French), hollow of the neck (13th cent. in Anglo-Norman, 14th cent. in continental French), one of several membranous spaces in the head of an infant (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 1b; the sense ‘top of the skull’ is attested c1200 in Old French), artificial ulcer (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 2a) < fontaine fountain n. + -elle -elle suffix.Compare Italian fontanella (a1300, earliest in the sense ‘small spring’), Dutch fontanelle artificial ulcer (1598 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense 2a). With sense 2b compare Anglo-Norman funteinele outlet (13th cent.).
1. Anatomy.
a. A natural hollow on the surface of the body, typically one located between two muscles or tendons. Cf. well n.1 7. Obsolete.Used with reference to sites for the placement of a cautery or seton; cf. sense 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > parts of muscle > [noun]
wella1400
fontanelle?a1425
head?a1425
belly1591
venter1615
tail1719
myotome1857
sclerotome1857
myomere1868
muscle spindle1894
spindle1894
Z line1916
Z band1950
dyad1957
triad1957
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 (MED) Þer beþ not vsed to me bot cauteriez punctualez or rotund of þe fontynellez [L. fontinellarum], i. wellez of þe armez & leggez.
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pj For that cause be the cetons & canteres [sic] done (behynde the necke,) and in the fontenelles [Fr. fontenelles] of the lacertes where as one is deuyded from the other.
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Pij On the fontynelles [Fr. fontinelles] vnder ye knee.
b. Any of the membranous gaps between the bones of the skull in human infants and young children, which close by ossification in early childhood; esp. (more fully anterior fontanelle) the largest (and last to close) of these, located between the frontal and parietal bones. Also: a similar gap, sometimes persistent throughout life, in the skull of various other animals.In the human infant there are six fontanelles, the anterior and posterior fontanelles in the midline of the skull, and a mastoid and sphenoidal fontanelle on each side.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > parietal bones > fontanelle
moulda1398
closure1569
fontanelle1598
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. ii. iv. f. 11/2 Nether may we trepane on the fontanelle [Fr. la fontenelle de la teste], or openinge of the heade in yonge Children.
1699 tr. de La Vauguion Compl. Body Chirurg. Operations 159 Aristotle thinks the Fontanel [Fr. fontenelle] Ossifies, about the time Children begin to speak.
1741 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) 71 That Part of the parietal and frontal Bones, where the Fontanelle is in Children.
1752 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. 292 No perceiveable pulsation at the Fontanelle.
1813 M. Baillie in New Eng. Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 2 92 (note) In two children, I opened the head at the anterior fontanel.
1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. iii. 127 The transitory fontanelle of man is permanent in some animals, as..certain Sharks.
1875 T. H. Huxley in Encycl. Brit. I. 755/1 A large space (fontanelle) covered in by membrane, which lies in the interorbital region [of the frog].
1949 H. Bailey Demonstr. Physical Signs Clin. Surg. (ed. 11) viii. 86 Delayed closure of the fontanelle is seen in several metabolic diseases, especially rickets, of which it is good confirmatory evidence.
2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 195 Dehydrated children tend to be listless and quiet, with dry, sunken eyes and, in babies, a sagging, flaccid fontanelle, or ‘soft spot’.
2.
a. Medicine. An artificially created or naturally occurring opening in the skin through which pus or other body fluids can drain; = issue n. 4a. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > [noun]
chimney1398
emuncture?1541
emunctuary1572
fontanelle1598
emunctory1601
emissary1657
excretory1715
excreter1849
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. viii. iv. f. 43/1 If soe be the Cauterye be applyed to make a fontanelle [Du. Fontanelle; Fr. Fontenelle], we must then cause the Escara throughe the sayed remedves [sic] to separate, and keep open the hole, or the foresayed vlceration, as greate as the rotunditye of a bullet.
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 10 The cautrizing Irons..are good to make a funtanell or Issue in the hinder part of the head.
1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 742 Fontinels or Issues naturally arising in the Arms and Feet.
1779 S. Johnson Let. 3 Aug. (1992) III. 179 He has a fontanel in his back.
2006 J. Kirkup Evol. Surg. Instruments xxv. 403/1 Issues and fontanels were supposed remedies for joint diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other chronic conditions.
b. An outlet or opening through which something flows or is discharged. Frequently figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit > specific for things
emissary1601
outcast1601
vent1602
fontanelle1649
pass-port1682
vomitory1822
emissory1858
1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar i. 36 Why hath nature given to Women two exuberant fontinells which..drop milk like dew?
1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living ii. 91 Widows, the fontinel of whose desires hath been opened by the former permissions of the marriage-bed.
1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 126 An Orator (who has a noble and notable confidence, and whose fontenel sends forth matter with words).
1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 12 Nature..purgeth it by Fontanels and Issues of running waters in its irriguous Valleys.
1848 R. E. Landor Fountain of Arethusa I. iii. ii. 74 The velocity with which we descended through this narrow fontanel of perforated rock, round and round twenty fathoms deep.
1882 S. L. Fleishman tr. H. Heine Romantic School 259 The Suabian school..attracted to itself all the sickly, chlorotic, mawkishly-pious, clumsy votaries of the German muse. Stuttgart was the fontanel, as it were, for the German muse.
c. Music. A protective, usually perforated cover placed over part of the mechanism of one or more of the keys of a wind instrument. Now historical.
ΚΠ
1898 Proc. Musical Assoc. (24th Sess., 1897–8) 164 In the drawing of the bass flute.., the cusps only are visible, the other parts of the key being concealed from view by a perforated box, or fontanelle, with which it is covered.
1965 Music Educators Jrnl. Nov. 96/2 The open key was protected by a fontanelle, a perforated cover slipped over the bore, necessary because of the wider spacing of the finger holes.
2007 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 60 16/2 He has apparently misunderstood the function of the fontanelle or key cover.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.?a1425
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/3/22 1:03:22