fleamn.¹

/fliːm/

Forms: 1500s fleume, 1600s flame, fleame, fleme, (1700s fleem, flegme), 1700s, 1800s dialect flem, ( fleyam, vlem), 1600s– fleam. Also 1600s, 1800s phleme, 1700s phleam, 1800s (irregular) phlegme. See also flue n.¹

Etymology: < Old French flieme (French flamme ) = Provençal flecme , Spanish fleme , Italian fiama , representing medieval Latin fletoma (Wright-Wülcker 400), flēdomum (Leiden Gloss. OET. 114), from late Latin flebotomum , < Greek ϕλεβοτόμον : see phlebotomy v. From the medieval Latin forms were adopted Old English flýtme , Old High German flietuma , fliedema (Middle High German fliedeme , vliete(n , vliedene , modern German fliete ); compare also Middle Dutch vlîme , vlieme . The modern French use = sense 2 below.

1. A surgical instrument for letting blood or for lancing the gums; a lancet. In Great Britain Obsolete or archaic; the U.S. dictionaries c1897 treated it as still current for a gum-lancet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > knife, lancet, or scalpel

blood iron1401

phlebotomec1425

lancentc1440

lancet1474

phlebotomy1477

lancer1537

fleam1552

racer1570

lancelet1574

lance1575

lance-knife1610

catling1617

incision-knife1617

bistort1655

scalpel1742

bistoury1748

dissector1841

scarificator1879

thumb-lancet1903

a1000 Aldhelm Gl. in Zeitschr. f. d. A. IX. 453 Flebotomo, blodsexe vel flytman.]

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bloude lettynge..the instrumente wherwyth bloude is letten, called a fleume.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Deschaussoir, a Fleame; the toole wherewith Barbers diuide the gum from the tooth which they would draw out.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 17 Phlemes..to launch & cut the Gummes.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. xiii. 481/2 An..Ancient Flegme, or Fleame.

1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 76 A little Fleem made of a Flint.

1790 ‘P. Pindar’ Complimentary Epist. J. Bruce 18 Nor scotch'd with fleams, a scepter'd lady's hide.

1850 R. Gordon-Cumming Five Years Hunter's Life S. Afr. II. xviii. 23 Before starting I gave Johannus my phlegme, and a hasty lesson in the art of bleeding.

1859 W. M. Thackeray Virginians xl Get a fleam, Gumbo, and bleed him.

1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind viii. 219 The sharp stone with which the native phleme used to be armed.

1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 881/2 Fleam, a gum-lancet.

2. A kind of lancet used for bleeding horses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > veterinary medicine and surgery > [noun] > veterinary equipment > bloodletting instruments

cornet1566

rosenet1566

fleam1616

cornet-horn1736

flue1790

1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) i. xxviii. 123 The Carter or Horse-keeper..must neuer be vnprouided..with tooles..as..fleame to let bloud with [etc.].

1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses 46 You shall Strike into it a Fleam made of hard steel.

1769 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 7) III. 104 The principal Manufactures here [i.e. in Sheffield] are..Razors, Lancets, Phleams [etc.].

1831 W. Youatt Horse x. 179 Bleeding..is performed with a fleam or a lancet.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

fleam-shaped adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] > slender and

spear-like1567

styliform1578

styliformed1578

lance-like1579

arrowy1637

needle-like1672

needly1694

spiculated1745

lanceolated1752

subulated1752

subulate1757

lanceolate1760

toothpick1761

spear-shaped1763

lance-shaped1776

hastate1777

needle-formed1784

needled1786

needle-shaped1786

subuliform1804

aciform?a1808

needle-form1807

spicular1813

hastiformc1820

speary1821

splintery1836

aiguillesque1856

fleam-shaped1856

toothpick-shaped1905

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvii. 206 The fleam-shaped tips of their lances were of unmistakable steel.

C2.

fleam-stick n. (see quot. 1842).

ΚΠ

1842 J. Y. Akerman Gloss. Provinc. Words Wilts. Flem-stick, the small staff used to strike the flem into the vein.

fleam-tooth n. a fleam-shaped tooth of a saw.

ΚΠ

1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 881/2 Fleam-tooth.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

fleamn.²

/fliːm/

Forms: In Middle English–1600s fleme, Middle English, 1800s dialect flem.

Etymology: Apparently a variant of flume n. (Middle English flum), which has both senses; but the phonology is obscure; there may be some confusion with a Germanic word, Old English *fléam < *flaumo- < root of Old High German flawen to wash.

†1. A stream, river. Chiefly in flem Jordan = Latin flumen Jordanis. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > [noun] > river

floodc825

streamc875

eaeOE

water streamOE

flumec1175

fleamc1300

riverc1300

currentc1380

reea1500

ford1563

fluent1598

draught1601

nymph1605

amnic1623

flux1637

nullah1656

R1692

currency1758

silent highway1841

c1300 St. Margarete lviii Ant let the folewen in holi fonston, Ase ihū christ was ymself y the flem iurdan.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 309 Þe grete flem of þy flod folded me vmbe.

a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 142 To fleme Jordon and to bedlem.

1516 Lyfe St. Birgette in Kalendre Newe Legende Eng. (Pynson) f. cxxiii The water of fleme Iordane was stopped ayenst þ^e natural course.

2. An artificial channel, watercourse, mill-stream. Now only dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water

water leatOE

water lade1224

leat1279

watergang1293

sow1316

trough1398

wissinga1400

lanec1420

waterway1431

water leasow1440

watercoursea1450

fleam1523

lead1541

cut1548

aqueducta1552

lake1559

strand1565

race1570

channel1581

watergauge1597

gout1598

server1610

carriage1669

runnel1669

aquage1706

shoot1707

tewel1725

run1761

penstock1763

hulve1764

way-gang1766

culvert1774

flume1784

shute1790

pentrough1793

raceway1793

water carriage1793

carrier1794

conductor1796

water carrier1827

penchute1875

chute1878

by-cut1883

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 50^v By a mylne fleme made with mannes hande.

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. ix. 356 Cutting a fleme or main carriage 18 foot broad.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Flem, a mill-stream i.e. the channel of water from the main-stream to the mill.

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Fleam, a ‘mill-tail’, the stream that flows from a watermill after having turned the wheel.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

fleamv.¹

/fliːm/

Etymology: < fleam n.²

Obsolete exc. dialect.

intransitive. To flow, stream. Also, transferred to drift away.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)]

runeOE

flowa1000

fleetc1175

stretchc1275

slide1390

fleamc1465

pour1538

slip1596

streek1598

strain1612

put1670

rindle1863

slosha1953

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)]

runeOE

flowa1000

fledec1175

farea1325

yern1340

fleamc1465

coursea1533

cool1545

roll1697

spend1735

the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > move with current of water or air [verb (intransitive)]

drivec1275

sail1377

drift?a1600

voyage1835

fleam1863

c1465 Eng. Chron. 92 His trew blode has flemed bothe be swerde and exyle.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xxv. 10004 Blode flemyt o fer in flattes aboute.

1863 R. W. Buchanan Undertones 120 As the vapours fleam'd away, behold! I saw..A nymph.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

† fleamv.²

Forms: In Middle English flym.

Etymology: < Old French flime-r, flieme-r, < flieme fleam n.¹

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. To cut with a lancet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > incision > make an incision in or cut [verb (transitive)] > with specific instrument

fleam1483

scalpel1748

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. 434^v/1 Anone the same lytel whelke beganne to blede as one had flymed hit.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.¹1552

n.²c1300

v.¹c1465

v.²1483

单词	fleam
释义	fleamn.¹ /fliːm/ Forms: 1500s fleume, 1600s flame, fleame, fleme, (1700s fleem, flegme), 1700s, 1800s dialect flem, ( fleyam, vlem), 1600s– fleam. Also 1600s, 1800s phleme, 1700s phleam, 1800s (irregular) phlegme. See also flue n.¹ Etymology: < Old French flieme (French flamme ) = Provençal flecme , Spanish fleme , Italian fiama , representing medieval Latin fletoma (Wright-Wülcker 400), flēdomum (Leiden Gloss. OET. 114), from late Latin flebotomum , < Greek ϕλεβοτόμον : see phlebotomy v. From the medieval Latin forms were adopted Old English flýtme , Old High German flietuma , fliedema (Middle High German fliedeme , vliete(n , vliedene , modern German fliete ); compare also Middle Dutch vlîme , vlieme . The modern French use = sense 2 below. 1. A surgical instrument for letting blood or for lancing the gums; a lancet. In Great Britain Obsolete or archaic; the U.S. dictionaries c1897 treated it as still current for a gum-lancet. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > knife, lancet, or scalpel blood iron1401 phlebotomec1425 lancentc1440 lancet1474 phlebotomy1477 lancer1537 fleam1552 racer1570 lancelet1574 lance1575 lance-knife1610 catling1617 incision-knife1617 bistort1655 scalpel1742 bistoury1748 dissector1841 scarificator1879 thumb-lancet1903 a1000 Aldhelm Gl. in Zeitschr. f. d. A. IX. 453 Flebotomo, blodsexe vel flytman.] 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bloude lettynge..the instrumente wherwyth bloude is letten, called a fleume. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Deschaussoir, a Fleame; the toole wherewith Barbers diuide the gum from the tooth which they would draw out. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 17 Phlemes..to launch & cut the Gummes. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. xiii. 481/2 An..Ancient Flegme, or Fleame. 1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 76 A little Fleem made of a Flint. 1790 ‘P. Pindar’ Complimentary Epist. J. Bruce 18 Nor scotch'd with fleams, a scepter'd lady's hide. 1850 R. Gordon-Cumming Five Years Hunter's Life S. Afr. II. xviii. 23 Before starting I gave Johannus my phlegme, and a hasty lesson in the art of bleeding. 1859 W. M. Thackeray Virginians xl Get a fleam, Gumbo, and bleed him. 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind viii. 219 The sharp stone with which the native phleme used to be armed. 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 881/2 Fleam, a gum-lancet. 2. A kind of lancet used for bleeding horses. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > veterinary medicine and surgery > [noun] > veterinary equipment > bloodletting instruments cornet1566 rosenet1566 fleam1616 cornet-horn1736 flue1790 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) i. xxviii. 123 The Carter or Horse-keeper..must neuer be vnprouided..with tooles..as..fleame to let bloud with [etc.]. 1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses 46 You shall Strike into it a Fleam made of hard steel. 1769 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 7) III. 104 The principal Manufactures here [i.e. in Sheffield] are..Razors, Lancets, Phleams [etc.]. 1831 W. Youatt Horse x. 179 Bleeding..is performed with a fleam or a lancet. Compounds C1. General attributive. fleam-shaped adj. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] > slender and spear-like1567 styliform1578 styliformed1578 lance-like1579 arrowy1637 needle-like1672 needly1694 spiculated1745 lanceolated1752 subulated1752 subulate1757 lanceolate1760 toothpick1761 spear-shaped1763 lance-shaped1776 hastate1777 needle-formed1784 needled1786 needle-shaped1786 subuliform1804 aciform?a1808 needle-form1807 spicular1813 hastiformc1820 speary1821 splintery1836 aiguillesque1856 fleam-shaped1856 toothpick-shaped1905 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvii. 206 The fleam-shaped tips of their lances were of unmistakable steel. C2. fleam-stick n. (see quot. 1842). ΚΠ 1842 J. Y. Akerman Gloss. Provinc. Words Wilts. Flem-stick, the small staff used to strike the flem into the vein. fleam-tooth n. a fleam-shaped tooth of a saw. ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 881/2 Fleam-tooth. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022). fleamn.² /fliːm/ Forms: In Middle English–1600s fleme, Middle English, 1800s dialect flem. Etymology: Apparently a variant of flume n. (Middle English flum), which has both senses; but the phonology is obscure; there may be some confusion with a Germanic word, Old English fléam < flaumo- < root of Old High German flawen to wash. †1. A stream, river. Chiefly in flem Jordan = Latin flumen Jordanis. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > [noun] > river floodc825 streamc875 eaeOE water streamOE flumec1175 fleamc1300 riverc1300 currentc1380 reea1500 ford1563 fluent1598 draught1601 nymph1605 amnic1623 flux1637 nullah1656 R1692 currency1758 silent highway1841 c1300 St. Margarete lviii Ant let the folewen in holi fonston, Ase ihū christ was ymself y the flem iurdan. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 309 Þe grete flem of þy flod folded me vmbe. a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 142 To fleme Jordon and to bedlem. 1516 Lyfe St. Birgette in Kalendre Newe Legende Eng. (Pynson) f. cxxiii The water of fleme Iordane was stopped ayenst þ^e natural course. 2. An artificial channel, watercourse, mill-stream. Now only dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water water leatOE water lade1224 leat1279 watergang1293 sow1316 trough1398 wissinga1400 lanec1420 waterway1431 water leasow1440 watercoursea1450 fleam1523 lead1541 cut1548 aqueducta1552 lake1559 strand1565 race1570 channel1581 watergauge1597 gout1598 server1610 carriage1669 runnel1669 aquage1706 shoot1707 tewel1725 run1761 penstock1763 hulve1764 way-gang1766 culvert1774 flume1784 shute1790 pentrough1793 raceway1793 water carriage1793 carrier1794 conductor1796 water carrier1827 penchute1875 chute1878 by-cut1883 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xi. f. 50^v By a mylne fleme made with mannes hande. 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. ix. 356 Cutting a fleme or main carriage 18 foot broad. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Flem, a mill-stream i.e. the channel of water from the main-stream to the mill. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Fleam, a ‘mill-tail’, the stream that flows from a watermill after having turned the wheel. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021). fleamv.¹ /fliːm/ Etymology: < fleam n.² Obsolete exc. dialect. intransitive. To flow, stream. Also, transferred to drift away. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] runeOE flowa1000 fleetc1175 stretchc1275 slide1390 fleamc1465 pour1538 slip1596 streek1598 strain1612 put1670 rindle1863 slosha1953 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] runeOE flowa1000 fledec1175 farea1325 yern1340 fleamc1465 coursea1533 cool1545 roll1697 spend1735 the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > move with current of water or air [verb (intransitive)] drivec1275 sail1377 drift?a1600 voyage1835 fleam1863 c1465 Eng. Chron. 92 His trew blode has flemed bothe be swerde and exyle. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xxv. 10004 Blode flemyt o fer in flattes aboute. 1863 R. W. Buchanan Undertones 120 As the vapours fleam'd away, behold! I saw..A nymph. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2019). † fleamv.² Forms: In Middle English flym. Etymology: < Old French flime-r, flieme-r, < flieme fleam n.¹ Obsolete. rare. transitive. To cut with a lancet. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > incision > make an incision in or cut [verb (transitive)] > with specific instrument fleam1483 scalpel1748 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. 434^v/1 Anone the same lytel whelke beganne to blede as one had flymed hit. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹1552n.²c1300v.¹c1465v.²1483
随便看	satisfaction satisfaction money satisfaction note satisfaction piece satisfaction theory satisfactional satisfactionar satisfactionary satisfactionist satisfactionless satisfactions satisfactive satisfactor satisfactorily satisfactoriness satisfactorinesses satisfactorious satisfactoriously satisfactory satisfiability satisfiable satisfice satisficed satisficer satisfices

fleamn.1

Compounds

fleamn.2

fleamv.1

† fleamv.2

fleamn.¹

fleamn.²

fleamv.¹

† fleamv.²