anterioradj.

Brit.

/anˈtɪərɪə/, U.S.

/ænˈtɪriər/

Forms: 1500s–1600s anteriour, 1600s– anterior.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin anterior.

Etymology: < classical Latin anterior earlier, previous (2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also situated in front (4th cent.) < ante before (see ante- prefix) + -rior (in posterior posterior adj.); compare -ior -ior suffix² and the earlier synonym prior prior adj. Compare Middle French anterieur , French antérieur situated in front (1488), earlier, previous (1531). Compare posterior adj.

1. Opposed to posterior.

a. Anatomy and Zoology. Located in the front part of the body or an organ; occupying such a position relative to another structure; designating the foremost of two or more similar or related structures.In humans and certain animals with an upright posture, the front of the body is considered to be the ventral surface; in other animals it is the cephalic end.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adjective] > specific

rightOE

lefta1200

lowera1400

furtherc1400

lateral?a1425

sinistera1500

upper1528

anterior?1541

inferior1563

superior1566

oblique1578

high1588

ascendant1611

prone1646

peripherial1653

internal1657

supine1661

peripherical1690

gawk1703

ascending1713

adducent1722

submental1722

adductory1752

subdorsal1783

syntropic18..

atlantal1803

mesiad1803

mesial1803

proximal1803

sternal1803

distal1808

peripheral1808

peripheric1818

ventripetal1819

submedial1825

anteriormostc1826

subvertebral1827

afferent1828

sinistral1828

rostral1834

interganglionic1835

submedian1836

mesian1837

haemal1839

supravaginal1844

neural1846

symmetrical1851

suprameatal1853

paraxial1861

posterial1866

hypaxial1873

postaxial1873

preaxial1873

transmedial1876

transmedian1876

mediad1878

horizontal1881

mesal1881

prosomatic1882

dextrad1883

paramedian1890

prorsal1890

ventro-dorsal1895

midsagittal1898

ventro-axial1902

ventro-posterior1903

ipsilateral1907

parasagittal1907

ventromedial1908

homolateral1910

suprasellar1912

supratemporal1975

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. E.i^v Fyrste y^e brayne in length hath thre ventrycles, that is to wyte, the ventrycle afore, that behynde, & that in the myddes, and the anteriour and meane.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 21 The articulation of the precedent Vertebres is most apt to bow the backe towardes y^e Anteriour partes.

1669 Philos. Trans. 1668 (Royal Soc.) 3 887 Only in the anterior surface of them [sc. kidneys] there were found some aqueous or serous..abscesses.

1726 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones 137 These unguiform Bones compose the anterior internal Parts of the Orbites.

1741 J. Stockton tr. C. de Saint-Yves New Treat. Dis. Eyes Pref. p. xi I shew my Method of operating, when the Cataract is lodged in the anterior Chamber of the Eye.

1841 R. E. Grant Outl. Compar. Anat. 84 Anterior to the mastoid bones are the upper portions of the tympanic bones.

1888 J. Lubbock Senses, Instincts & Intelligence Anim. vi. 117 In the cricket, for instance, the sense of hearing appears to be seated partly in the antennæ, and partly in the anterior legs.

1937 Discovery Jan. 16/2 The cortex of the hemispheres, the so called anterior brain.

1977 A. J. Prater et al. Guide Identification & Ageing Holarctic Waders 17 Where reference is made to the inner median coverts.., we refer to the innermost feathers anterior to the inner tertials.

2011 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 14 Mar. d9/3 St. John's lost its leading rebounder..to a torn anterior cruciate ligament.

b. Facing forward; front.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > front > [adjective]

furtherc1000

foremostc1275

formerc1384

farther1398

fornec1440

fore?a1513

forme1523

anterior1611

first1647

head1691

vanward1820

leading1825

forwardmost1834

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Anterieur, Anterior, fore, former..that goeth, or is set, before.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §115 Where the anteriour body giveth way, as fast as the posteriour cometh on, it maketh no noise.

1748 J. Colson tr. J. A. Nollet Lect. in Exper. Philos. ii. §3. iii.157 This Quantity should be measured by the anterior Surface of the Body in Motion, and by the Space, which we make it pass through.

1797 J. Robison in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 100/1 The water heaps up a little on the anterior surface of the floating body.

1906 Pop. Astron. 14 227 The Sun's rays were reflected from the anterior surface of a lens mounted on the summit of the meteorological tower.

2014 G. P. Borden Process: Material & Representation in Archit. 153 This set of voids is bridged with a continuous diffusing light shelf that masks the anterior subdivisions.

c. Botany. Positioned at the front, or in front of another structure; (also) turned away from or more remote from the axis, esp. of a flower or inflorescence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > situated above or below

anterior1754

superior1763

subtending1777

inferior1785

the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > anterior or posterior

anterior1754

posticous1866

postical1882

posterior1914

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. at Acanthus The flower of the acanthus consists of one leaf, the anterior part of which is divided into three segments.

1787 E. Darwin et al. tr. C. Linnaeus et al. Families of Plants I. 87 Perianth [of Crucita] three leaved: (the anterior leaf linear, acute; the lateral ones egg'd, concave) permanent.

1826 R. Brown in D. Denham et al. Narr. Trav. North & Central Afr. (new ed.) Appendix 85 But in those Rosaceæ, in which the pistillum is solitary and placed within the anterior petal, its relation to the axis of the spike is the same as that of the Leguminosæ, in which it is in the anterior division of the calyx.

1897 D. H. Scott Struct. Bot. (ed. 4) i. 23 The two outer sepals are so placed that one lies next the axis (posterior), and the other remote from it (anterior).

1908 A. H. Church Types Floral Mechanism 96 To an insect, for example, facing the flower as it is suspended obliquely forwards in the vertical plane, the anterior petal appears as a spoon-shaped landing stage.

1952 P. Mann Systematics Flowering Plants 176 In Toadflax the anterior lobe [of the corolla] is spurred.

2011 Novon 21 20/2 The column [of the flower of the orchid Odontochilus tetrapterus] has anterior stigma lobes (vs. lateral in Anoectochilus).

2. That comes before in time or logical order; preceding, former, earlier, prior.

a. attributive.

ΚΠ

1591 Edinb. Test. XXIII. f. 268, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Anteriour Scho rewokis..all anteriour testamentis.

1674 in M. T. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decis. Court of Session (1826) III. 468 By an anterior clause, the liferent of all other conquest..is provided to her.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. xiv. 250 All perishes almost then, even to the memory of anterior ages.

1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) iii. i. 277 The mind has not only the power of action, but the anterior..power of choice.

1880 Pop. Sci. June 163 The visions of the insane, whatever they may be, generally have no immediate relation to anterior events.

1905 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Mar. 281 It was with some misgivings that I donned my evening suit but on coming downstairs I found the colonel arrayed in one of an anterior date.

1972 C. Wendell Evol. Egyptian National Image Pref. p. xiii They had..far more ready and direct access to the minds of their generations than the writers of any anterior age in the history of Islam.

2010 N. Rescher Philos. Inq. vi. 81 There is a nonzero probability that any of the three outcomes will result—at no anterior time is the outcome a foregone conclusion.

b. In predicative use, chiefly with to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [adjective]

ererc888

fernOE

oldOE

formerc1160

ratherc1330

before-goingc1384

formerc1384

forenexta1400

formea1400

while1399

antecedentc1400

precedentc1400

anteceding?a1425

late1446

whilom1452

preceding?a1475

forne1485

fore1490

heretofore1491

foregoing1530

toforegoing1532

further1557

firster1571

then1584

elder1594

quondam1598

forehand1600

previant1601

preallable1603

prior1607

anterior1608

previal1613

once1620

previous1621

predecessivea1627

antecedaneous?1631

preventive1641

prior1641

precedaneous1645

preventional1649

antegredient1652

senior1655

prevenient1656

precedential1661

antecedental1763

past-gone1784

antevenient1800

aforetime1835

one-time1850

onewhile1882

foretime1894

erstwhile1903

antecedane-

ere-

1608 F. Knollys Informations 9 The Institution of Christ was anterior to this Preheminence of Bishops.

1695 J. Dalrymple Vindic. Divine Perfections ii. 18 God's being a Spirit is the only Attribute of God, that presupposeth nothing anterior.

1729 A. Pope Prolegomena Scriblerus in Dunciad (new ed.) 23 The first Dunciad was the first Epic poem..anterior even to the Iliad or Odyssey.

1793 J. Williams Calm Exam. 88 The..property of a Debtor, whether acquired anterior or posterior to his insolvence.

1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith v. i. §1. 243 Intuition is logically anterior to metaphysic.

1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 341/2 All the ancient plate..was melted down and converted into money, which fact explains why there are few examples of gold and silver work anterior to the dynasty of the Romanoffs.

1904 H. A. A. Kennedy St. Paul's Concept. Last Things ii. 65 The pseudepigraphal literature of Judaism anterior to and contemporary with St. Paul.

1979 New York Mag. 2 Apr. 85/3 To speak poetry demands a whole separate technique anterior to the technique of acting.

2001 Third Way July 19/1 Anterior to the possibility of embracing Christianity, I would have to consider the idea of becoming Jewish.

3. Phonetics. Sounded or articulated by placing the blade of the tongue against or towards the hard palate; = palatal adj. 2. Cf. front n. Compounds 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [adjective] > palatal

palatine1656

linguapalatal1668

palatal1668

palatic1669

linguopalatal1818

anterior1830

soft1832

mouillé1833

palato-dental1844

palatalized1872

palato-velar1895

postpalatal1898

medio-palatal1900

clear1918

alveolo-palatal1928

lamino-palatal1966

1830 D. K. Sandford tr. F. Thiersch Greek Gram. §xv. 34 A diphthong is formed when one of the posterior vowels, α, ε, ο..is blended in pronunciation with one of the anterior [Ger. vordern], ι, υ, or υ with ι, so as to produce a single sound.

1866 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 92 317 The side teeth..are..a sort of buttress against which the tongue may brace itself in position for the open anterior vowels.

1902 E. W. Scripture Elements Exper. Phonetics xxiii. 316 The n contact involves an anterior occlusion.

1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. vi. 99 One distinguishes, usually, between anterior or palatal position and posterior or velar position.

1973 H. J. Silverman tr. M. Merleau-Ponty Consciousness & Acquisition of Lang. i. 27 Anterior consonants always appear before posterior consonants.

2007 M. E. Gordon-Brannan & C. E. Weiss Clin. Managem. Articulatory & Phonologic Disorders iii. 53/1 When assessing children, fronting is identified only when an anterior consonant replaces a posterior consonant.

Compounds

anterior commissure n. [after scientific Latin commissura anterior (1767 in the source translated in quot. 1779), itself after French commissure antérieure ( J. Lieutaud Essais Anatomiques (1742) 392)] Anatomy and Zoology a bundle of nerve fibres located anterior to the third ventricle, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres, esp. the temporal lobes.

ΚΠ

1779 tr. A. von Haller First Lines Physiol. Index 509/2 The anterior commissure.

1784 Syst. Anat. II. vi. i. 48 We observe a large, white, short, medullary rope stretched transversely between the two hemispheres, and commonly called the anterior commissure of the cerebrum.

1892 W. R. Gowers Man. Dis. Nerv. Syst. (ed. 2) I. iii. 488 There is also degeneration of the fibres of the anterior commissure.

1992 Boston Herald 1 Aug. 11/4 In autopsy studies they found a brain structure called the anterior commissure to be 34 percent larger in homosexual males than in heterosexual males.

2009 Psychol. Sci. 20 76/1 Anatomical and functional images consisted of 34 contiguous slices parallel to the anterior commissure–posterior commissure plane.

anterior mediastinum n. Anatomy the portion of the mediastinum extending from the pericardium to the sternum, containing the thymus gland or its remnants, lymph nodes, and blood vessels.

ΚΠ

1777 W. Hewson Exper. Inq.: Pt. Third iii. 71 The Thymus is situated in the superior part of the chest, in that space called the anterior mediastinum.

1851 Provinc. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 15 102/2 There was a large tumour in the anterior mediastinum.

1950 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 21 Jan. 145/1 X-ray examination disclosed a mass in the anterior mediastinum.

2005 Radiation Res. 164 488/1 After exposure of the anterior mediastinum under strict aseptic conditions, the tracheas were separated from the surrounding tissues.

anterior pituitary adj. and n. Anatomy and Zoology (a) adj. designating the anterior glandular part of the pituitary gland (the adenohypophysis), which secretes hormones having a trophic effect on other glands of the endocrine system; of or relating to this; (b) n. this part of the pituitary gland.

ΚΠ

1898 Jrnl. Anat. & Physiol. 32 389 Other epithelial organs, such, for example, as the adrenal, the anterior pituitary lobe, and the embryonic thyroid.

1903 C. E. de M. Sajous Internal Secretions I. v. 221 It would seem, if the anterior pituitary is the center of the suprarenal glands, as if these organs should cease to functionate.

1964 News (Frederick, Maryland) 18 Feb. 10 Adrenalin secreted by the anterior pituitary gland when the cow is excited blocks the secretion of the letdown hormone oxytocin.

2009 A. L. Pang et al. in Molecular Pathol. xxii. 436/2 Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD)..is characterized by pituitary malformation and a concomitant or sequential loss of multiple anterior pituitary hormones.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	anterior
释义	anterioradj. Brit. /anˈtɪərɪə/, U.S. /ænˈtɪriər/ Forms: 1500s–1600s anteriour, 1600s– anterior. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin anterior. Etymology: < classical Latin anterior earlier, previous (2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also situated in front (4th cent.) < ante before (see ante- prefix) + -rior (in posterior posterior adj.); compare -ior -ior suffix² and the earlier synonym prior prior adj. Compare Middle French anterieur , French antérieur situated in front (1488), earlier, previous (1531). Compare posterior adj. 1. Opposed to posterior. a. Anatomy and Zoology. Located in the front part of the body or an organ; occupying such a position relative to another structure; designating the foremost of two or more similar or related structures.In humans and certain animals with an upright posture, the front of the body is considered to be the ventral surface; in other animals it is the cephalic end. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > positions or directions in body > [adjective] > specific rightOE lefta1200 lowera1400 furtherc1400 lateral?a1425 sinistera1500 upper1528 anterior?1541 inferior1563 superior1566 oblique1578 high1588 ascendant1611 prone1646 peripherial1653 internal1657 supine1661 peripherical1690 gawk1703 ascending1713 adducent1722 submental1722 adductory1752 subdorsal1783 syntropic18.. atlantal1803 mesiad1803 mesial1803 proximal1803 sternal1803 distal1808 peripheral1808 peripheric1818 ventripetal1819 submedial1825 anteriormostc1826 subvertebral1827 afferent1828 sinistral1828 rostral1834 interganglionic1835 submedian1836 mesian1837 haemal1839 supravaginal1844 neural1846 symmetrical1851 suprameatal1853 paraxial1861 posterial1866 hypaxial1873 postaxial1873 preaxial1873 transmedial1876 transmedian1876 mediad1878 horizontal1881 mesal1881 prosomatic1882 dextrad1883 paramedian1890 prorsal1890 ventro-dorsal1895 midsagittal1898 ventro-axial1902 ventro-posterior1903 ipsilateral1907 parasagittal1907 ventromedial1908 homolateral1910 suprasellar1912 supratemporal1975 ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. E.i^v Fyrste y^e brayne in length hath thre ventrycles, that is to wyte, the ventrycle afore, that behynde, & that in the myddes, and the anteriour and meane. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 21 The articulation of the precedent Vertebres is most apt to bow the backe towardes y^e Anteriour partes. 1669 Philos. Trans. 1668 (Royal Soc.) 3 887 Only in the anterior surface of them [sc. kidneys] there were found some aqueous or serous..abscesses. 1726 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones 137 These unguiform Bones compose the anterior internal Parts of the Orbites. 1741 J. Stockton tr. C. de Saint-Yves New Treat. Dis. Eyes Pref. p. xi I shew my Method of operating, when the Cataract is lodged in the anterior Chamber of the Eye. 1841 R. E. Grant Outl. Compar. Anat. 84 Anterior to the mastoid bones are the upper portions of the tympanic bones. 1888 J. Lubbock Senses, Instincts & Intelligence Anim. vi. 117 In the cricket, for instance, the sense of hearing appears to be seated partly in the antennæ, and partly in the anterior legs. 1937 Discovery Jan. 16/2 The cortex of the hemispheres, the so called anterior brain. 1977 A. J. Prater et al. Guide Identification & Ageing Holarctic Waders 17 Where reference is made to the inner median coverts.., we refer to the innermost feathers anterior to the inner tertials. 2011 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 14 Mar. d9/3 St. John's lost its leading rebounder..to a torn anterior cruciate ligament. b. Facing forward; front. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > front > [adjective] furtherc1000 foremostc1275 formerc1384 farther1398 fornec1440 fore?a1513 forme1523 anterior1611 first1647 head1691 vanward1820 leading1825 forwardmost1834 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Anterieur, Anterior, fore, former..that goeth, or is set, before. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §115 Where the anteriour body giveth way, as fast as the posteriour cometh on, it maketh no noise. 1748 J. Colson tr. J. A. Nollet Lect. in Exper. Philos. ii. §3. iii.157 This Quantity should be measured by the anterior Surface of the Body in Motion, and by the Space, which we make it pass through. 1797 J. Robison in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 100/1 The water heaps up a little on the anterior surface of the floating body. 1906 Pop. Astron. 14 227 The Sun's rays were reflected from the anterior surface of a lens mounted on the summit of the meteorological tower. 2014 G. P. Borden Process: Material & Representation in Archit. 153 This set of voids is bridged with a continuous diffusing light shelf that masks the anterior subdivisions. c. Botany. Positioned at the front, or in front of another structure; (also) turned away from or more remote from the axis, esp. of a flower or inflorescence. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > situated above or below anterior1754 superior1763 subtending1777 inferior1785 the world > plants > part of plant > (defined by) distribution, arrangement, or position > [adjective] > anterior or posterior anterior1754 posticous1866 postical1882 posterior1914 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. at Acanthus The flower of the acanthus consists of one leaf, the anterior part of which is divided into three segments. 1787 E. Darwin et al. tr. C. Linnaeus et al. Families of Plants I. 87 Perianth [of Crucita] three leaved: (the anterior leaf linear, acute; the lateral ones egg'd, concave) permanent. 1826 R. Brown in D. Denham et al. Narr. Trav. North & Central Afr. (new ed.) Appendix 85 But in those Rosaceæ, in which the pistillum is solitary and placed within the anterior petal, its relation to the axis of the spike is the same as that of the Leguminosæ, in which it is in the anterior division of the calyx. 1897 D. H. Scott Struct. Bot. (ed. 4) i. 23 The two outer sepals are so placed that one lies next the axis (posterior), and the other remote from it (anterior). 1908 A. H. Church Types Floral Mechanism 96 To an insect, for example, facing the flower as it is suspended obliquely forwards in the vertical plane, the anterior petal appears as a spoon-shaped landing stage. 1952 P. Mann Systematics Flowering Plants 176 In Toadflax the anterior lobe [of the corolla] is spurred. 2011 Novon 21 20/2 The column [of the flower of the orchid Odontochilus tetrapterus] has anterior stigma lobes (vs. lateral in Anoectochilus). 2. That comes before in time or logical order; preceding, former, earlier, prior. a. attributive. ΚΠ 1591 Edinb. Test. XXIII. f. 268, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Anteriour Scho rewokis..all anteriour testamentis. 1674 in M. T. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decis. Court of Session (1826) III. 468 By an anterior clause, the liferent of all other conquest..is provided to her. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. xiv. 250 All perishes almost then, even to the memory of anterior ages. 1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) iii. i. 277 The mind has not only the power of action, but the anterior..power of choice. 1880 Pop. Sci. June 163 The visions of the insane, whatever they may be, generally have no immediate relation to anterior events. 1905 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Mar. 281 It was with some misgivings that I donned my evening suit but on coming downstairs I found the colonel arrayed in one of an anterior date. 1972 C. Wendell Evol. Egyptian National Image Pref. p. xiii They had..far more ready and direct access to the minds of their generations than the writers of any anterior age in the history of Islam. 2010 N. Rescher Philos. Inq. vi. 81 There is a nonzero probability that any of the three outcomes will result—at no anterior time is the outcome a foregone conclusion. b. In predicative use, chiefly with to. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [adjective] ererc888 fernOE oldOE oldOE formerc1160 ratherc1330 before-goingc1384 formerc1384 forenexta1400 formea1400 while1399 antecedentc1400 precedentc1400 anteceding?a1425 late1446 whilom1452 preceding?a1475 forne1485 fore1490 heretofore1491 foregoing1530 toforegoing1532 further1557 firster1571 then1584 elder1594 quondam1598 forehand1600 previant1601 preallable1603 prior1607 anterior1608 previal1613 once1620 previous1621 predecessivea1627 antecedaneous?1631 preventive1641 prior1641 precedaneous1645 preventional1649 antegredient1652 senior1655 prevenient1656 precedential1661 antecedental1763 past-gone1784 antevenient1800 aforetime1835 one-time1850 onewhile1882 foretime1894 erstwhile1903 antecedane- ere- 1608 F. Knollys Informations 9 The Institution of Christ was anterior to this Preheminence of Bishops. 1695 J. Dalrymple Vindic. Divine Perfections ii. 18 God's being a Spirit is the only Attribute of God, that presupposeth nothing anterior. 1729 A. Pope Prolegomena Scriblerus in Dunciad (new ed.) 23 The first Dunciad was the first Epic poem..anterior even to the Iliad or Odyssey. 1793 J. Williams Calm Exam. 88 The..property of a Debtor, whether acquired anterior or posterior to his insolvence. 1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith v. i. §1. 243 Intuition is logically anterior to metaphysic. 1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 341/2 All the ancient plate..was melted down and converted into money, which fact explains why there are few examples of gold and silver work anterior to the dynasty of the Romanoffs. 1904 H. A. A. Kennedy St. Paul's Concept. Last Things ii. 65 The pseudepigraphal literature of Judaism anterior to and contemporary with St. Paul. 1979 New York Mag. 2 Apr. 85/3 To speak poetry demands a whole separate technique anterior to the technique of acting. 2001 Third Way July 19/1 Anterior to the possibility of embracing Christianity, I would have to consider the idea of becoming Jewish. 3. Phonetics. Sounded or articulated by placing the blade of the tongue against or towards the hard palate; = palatal adj. 2. Cf. front n. Compounds 1b. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [adjective] > palatal palatine1656 linguapalatal1668 palatal1668 palatic1669 linguopalatal1818 anterior1830 soft1832 mouillé1833 palato-dental1844 palatalized1872 palato-velar1895 postpalatal1898 medio-palatal1900 clear1918 alveolo-palatal1928 lamino-palatal1966 1830 D. K. Sandford tr. F. Thiersch Greek Gram. §xv. 34 A diphthong is formed when one of the posterior vowels, α, ε, ο..is blended in pronunciation with one of the anterior [Ger. vordern], ι, υ, or υ with ι, so as to produce a single sound. 1866 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 92 317 The side teeth..are..a sort of buttress against which the tongue may brace itself in position for the open anterior vowels. 1902 E. W. Scripture Elements Exper. Phonetics xxiii. 316 The n contact involves an anterior occlusion. 1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. vi. 99 One distinguishes, usually, between anterior or palatal position and posterior or velar position. 1973 H. J. Silverman tr. M. Merleau-Ponty Consciousness & Acquisition of Lang. i. 27 Anterior consonants always appear before posterior consonants. 2007 M. E. Gordon-Brannan & C. E. Weiss Clin. Managem. Articulatory & Phonologic Disorders iii. 53/1 When assessing children, fronting is identified only when an anterior consonant replaces a posterior consonant. Compounds anterior commissure n. [after scientific Latin commissura anterior (1767 in the source translated in quot. 1779), itself after French commissure antérieure ( J. Lieutaud Essais Anatomiques (1742) 392)] Anatomy and Zoology a bundle of nerve fibres located anterior to the third ventricle, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres, esp. the temporal lobes. ΚΠ 1779 tr. A. von Haller First Lines Physiol. Index 509/2 The anterior commissure. 1784 Syst. Anat. II. vi. i. 48 We observe a large, white, short, medullary rope stretched transversely between the two hemispheres, and commonly called the anterior commissure of the cerebrum. 1892 W. R. Gowers Man. Dis. Nerv. Syst. (ed. 2) I. iii. 488 There is also degeneration of the fibres of the anterior commissure. 1992 Boston Herald 1 Aug. 11/4 In autopsy studies they found a brain structure called the anterior commissure to be 34 percent larger in homosexual males than in heterosexual males. 2009 Psychol. Sci. 20 76/1 Anatomical and functional images consisted of 34 contiguous slices parallel to the anterior commissure–posterior commissure plane. anterior mediastinum n. Anatomy the portion of the mediastinum extending from the pericardium to the sternum, containing the thymus gland or its remnants, lymph nodes, and blood vessels. ΚΠ 1777 W. Hewson Exper. Inq.: Pt. Third iii. 71 The Thymus is situated in the superior part of the chest, in that space called the anterior mediastinum. 1851 Provinc. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 15 102/2 There was a large tumour in the anterior mediastinum. 1950 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 21 Jan. 145/1 X-ray examination disclosed a mass in the anterior mediastinum. 2005 Radiation Res. 164 488/1 After exposure of the anterior mediastinum under strict aseptic conditions, the tracheas were separated from the surrounding tissues. anterior pituitary adj. and n. Anatomy and Zoology (a) adj. designating the anterior glandular part of the pituitary gland (the adenohypophysis), which secretes hormones having a trophic effect on other glands of the endocrine system; of or relating to this; (b) n. this part of the pituitary gland. ΚΠ 1898 Jrnl. Anat. & Physiol. 32 389 Other epithelial organs, such, for example, as the adrenal, the anterior pituitary lobe, and the embryonic thyroid. 1903 C. E. de M. Sajous Internal Secretions I. v. 221 It would seem, if the anterior pituitary is the center of the suprarenal glands, as if these organs should cease to functionate. 1964 News (Frederick, Maryland) 18 Feb. 10 Adrenalin secreted by the anterior pituitary gland when the cow is excited blocks the secretion of the letdown hormone oxytocin. 2009 A. L. Pang et al. in Molecular Pathol. xxii. 436/2 Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD)..is characterized by pituitary malformation and a concomitant or sequential loss of multiple anterior pituitary hormones. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.?1541
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