animationn.

Brit.

/ˌanᵻˈmeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌænəˈmeɪʃən/

Forms: 1500s anymacyon, 1500s–1600s animacion, 1500s– animation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French animation; Latin animātiōn-, animātiō.

Etymology: < Middle French, French animation vital principle, animal spirit (14th cent.), anger, violent emotion (a1471), act of imparting with life, fact of possessing life (a1481) and its etymon classical Latin animātiōn-, animātiō form of life, in post-classical Latin also zeal (Vetus Latina), action of imparting life (6th cent.) < animāt- , past participial stem of animāre animate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish animación (15th cent.), Portuguese animação (15th cent.), Italian animazione (14th cent.). With the sense development in English compare animate v. Compare also animacy n., animateness n.

The action of animating, or state of being animated.

I. Senses relating to inspiration, vivacity, liveliness. Cf. animate v. I.

†1.

a. Inspiration with courage; encouragement; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > inspiring

inspiringa1340

breathing?a1425

infusionc1450

animation1534

afflatus1649

1534 Stat. 26 Hen. VIII c. 6 §11 The same Offendours wente unpunyshed, to the anymacyon and encouragynge of other [yll] disposed people.

c1616 R. C. Certaine Poems Ad Lectorem in Times' Whistle (1871) 111 A great animation of my subsequent endeavours.

1632 E. Reynolds Explic. 110th Psalme 349 Hee hath beene pleased both to mingle with his service great joy, liberty, and tranquillity here, and also to set before it a full, a sure, and a great reward, for my further animation and encouragement thereunto.

1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 303 An intimation and animation to us to follow his example.

1727 R. Roach Imperial Standard Messiah Triumphant p. xvii The Encouragement and Animation of the Spiritual Warriors under their great and long Conflicts.

1798 W. Godwin Memoirs i. 2 The justice which is thus done to the illustrious dead, converts into the fairest source of animation and encouragement to those who would follow them.

1827 J. Sanderson Biogr. Signers Declar. Independence IX. vi. 176 Richard Henry Lee..stood forth with a firmness and zeal, which gave animation to all around him.

1849 Gentleman's Mag. May 461 The anticipation of the attack, the certainty of victory, and the risks and profits, were united causes of intense animation to all.

b. The action of inspiring or filling with any impulse; inspiration, influence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun] > imparting of

inspiringa1340

animation1612

inspirement1616

spiriting1661

visitation1791

1612 S. Daniel First Pt. Hist. Eng. iii. 179 The disobedience, in his youth,..which yet might proceed from a rough hand borne ouer him, and the animation of others, rather then his owne nature.

1613 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. 135 [The legate] now by the Kings animation, presumes more peremptorily to vrge them.

1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 286 She by her counsel and animation stirs up the Seven-headed Beast to this Murther.

2. Liveliness of aspect or manner; vivacity, sprightliness, brightness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness

jollinessc1386

liveliheadc1425

quicknessc1425

vyfnes1475

ramagec1485

couragea1498

liveliness1534

spritec1540

livelihood1566

life1583

sprightliness1599

sprightfulness1602

ruach1606

sprightiness1607

sparkle1611

airiness1628

vivacy1637

spiritfulness1644

spirit1651

vivacity1652

spiritedness1654

brightness1660

sprightness1660

ramageness1686

race1690

friskiness1727

spirituousness1727

vivaciousness1727

brio1731

raciness1759

phlogiston1789

animation1791

lifefulness1829

pepper-and-salt1842

corkiness1845

aliveness1853

vitality1858

music1859

virtu1876

liveness1890

zippiness1907

bounce1909

zing1917

radioactivity1922

oomph1937

pizzazz1937

zinginess1938

hep1946

vavoom1962

welly1977

masala1986

the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [noun]

jollinessc1386

liveliheadc1425

quicknessc1425

vyfnes1475

couragea1498

liveliness1534

livelihood1566

life1583

sprightliness1599

sprightfulness1602

sprightiness1607

airiness1628

vivacy1637

spirit1651

vivacity1651

spiritedness1654

brightness1660

friskiness1727

spirituousness1727

vivaciousness1727

animoseness1730

brio1731

animation1791

lifefulness1829

corkiness1845

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 462 Johnson was in high spirits..talked with great animation and success.

1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. x. 202 She..discussed the possibility of improvements with much animation .

1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. viii. 595 The substitution of the anapæst for the iambic..gives them [sc. ballads] a remarkable elasticity and animation.

1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks I. i. 15 Little fishing-boats on the water gave animation to the scene.

1938 D. Du Maurier Rebecca vii. 88 Her voice, which had hitherto..been dull and toneless, was harsh now with unexpected animation, with life and meaning.

1976 W. Stegner Spectator Bird ii. ii. 83 Up till then I had never seen her unprotected by the smile and the excessive animation.

1997 GQ Sept. 209/2 It's a photo shoot,..and the snapper is trying in vain to cajole a spark of animation from their millionaire clothes horse.

3. The action of filling with liveliness, enlivenment; the result of this; enlivening operation or influence. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > [noun]

eschaufingc1386

excitinga1387

excitationc1400

flustering1422

exagitation1603

upstirring1613

suscitation1646

exsuscitation1692

flushing1775

animation1817

excitement1830

piquing1855

the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > [noun] > one who or that which excites

fermentc1420

exciter1617

incendiary1628

electrifier1791

excitor1814

animation1817

shocker1824

hair-raiser1897

heartthrobber1903

heart-stopper1906

sizzler1942

turn-on1969

G-spot1983

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness > imparting vigour or liveliness

vigorating1670

animation1817

warm-up1883

pepping up1916

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy I. v. 94 The animation of the chase and the glow of the exercise.

1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound iv. i. 139 Ha! ha! the animation of delight Which wraps me.

1852 Reynolds's Misc. 31 Jan. 181/3 The animation of joy lighted up St. Louis' countenance, which had grown serious and moody-looking.

1912 S. A. Beadle Lyrics of Under World 5 They feel the animation of her bouyancy [sic] and zeal.

II. Senses relating to life, quickening, bringing into action. Cf. animate v. II.

a. The action or process of imparting life, vitality, or (as a sign of life) motion; quickening, vitalizing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > giving of life > [noun]

life-giving1573

animation1597

enliving1602

quickenancea1617

vivification1626

information1630

enlivening1674

vitalization1846

vivifying1860

interanimation1925

1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xxvi. 348 They are not simply waues,..not simply surges, but such as are strengthned by the arme and animation of God, his waues.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxix. 101 The fourth Act that goeth to make man, and is calld Animation.

1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe I. i. 5 His Person was of the tallest Make..lofty by the Animation of the noble Sentiments within.

1793 J. Ogilvie Theol. Plato vi. 186 The soul..is the principle of animation in all bodies whatever, and is properly denominated life.

1858 J. E. Ryland tr. A. Neander Lect. Hist. Christian Dogmas I. 198 Irenæus..compares the animation of the body of Christ by the Logos with the animation of the body of Adam by his soul.

1923 T. Whittaker Macrobius 52 Animation of the body is caused and directed from the brain and the spinal marrow through the nerves, by means of the spiramentum.

1989 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Nov. 1202/3 Thomas Aquinas..believed that animation (ensoulment) occurred in progressive stages that were completed around forty days after conception in the case of males.

1998 D. N. Baker in S. J. McEntire Julian of Norwich 49 The substance's animation by God.

†b. A bringing into active or legal operation. Cf. animate v. 8. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > [noun] > bringing into action

animation1605

actuation1623

inactuation1662

actuating1710

energizing1841

activation1883

activating1902

derepression1960

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Eee2^v The administration, and (as I may tearme it) animation of Lawes.

†5. The imparting of an active quality or a particular power, esp. to a substance (cf. animate v. 3a). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. xli. 117 We are now speaking of the animation of gold.

1668 Philos. Trans. 1667 (Royal Soc.) 2 604 The animation of the Voyce of Man by his Masculine and Generative power.

1763 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 75 Some of the chemists speak of an animation of mercury, by which its activity on gold is greatly increased.

1829 London Encycl. II. 334/2 Animation, in alchemy, the operation of fermenting any metal by its conjunction with mercury.

6. The state of being animate or alive; life, vitality. Now rare and passing into sense 4a.With spirit of animation in quot. 1794 cf. animal spirit n. 1.suspended animation: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > condition or state of being alive

lifeOE

liveliness1540

livelihead1557

livelihood1566

animation1615

vivency1646

livingness1656

lifesomeness1674

animateness1731

animacy1871

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > [noun]

heartingOE

coolingc1350

refreshinga1382

recreationa1393

easement?a1400

rehetinga1400

freshing1422

refrigery?a1425

refectionc1450

refreshmenta1470

refrigeration1502

corroborating1530

recreating1538

comfortation1543

repast1546

rousing?a1563

refocillation1570

refresh1592

inanimationa1631

recruita1643

irrigationa1660

quicking1661

invigoration1662

reinvigoration1663

recuperation1703

rally1826

recruiting1840

energizing1841

recreance1842

inspiriting1846

animation1855

recruitment1862

inspiritment1886

pepping up1916

1615 T. Adams White Deuill (ed. 4) 116 Men of our own flesh, of the same animation with our selues.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iii. 169 Aristotle himself held the Worlds Animation, or a Mundane Soul.

1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady i. x. 90 Mere Mechanism..can never account for Animation, or the animal Life even of the lowest Insect.

1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. 32 The spirit of animation has four different modes of action, or in other words the animal sensorium possesses four different faculties, which are occasionally exerted, and cause all the contractions of the fibrous parts of the body.

1818 M. W. Shelley Frankenstein I. iii. 85 Capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xiii. 283 Even now the stimulants which he applied to his torpid and feeble party produced some faint symptoms of returning animation.

1920 L. F. Ward Dynamic Sociol. II. x. 256 The simple differentiation of the conception of humanity, as the higher form of animation, to that of animation in general.

1972 Life 4 Feb. 14/2 Most people will see..a clockwork orange, an imitation of a living object, given a semblance of animation by mechanical means.

†7. Representation of things as alive. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > representation as alive

animation?1637

?1637 T. Hobbes tr. Aristotle Briefe Art Rhetorique iii. 172 Animation is that expression which makes us seeme to see the thing before our eyes.

8. Originally Film.

a. The process or technique of capturing acted or real-life action with a cinematographic camera; (also) a film produced in this way, a motion picture (= film n. 10a). Now disused.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > [noun] > films or the cinema

cinematograph1896

animation1897

cinema1908

movies1909

movie screen1912

pic1913

big screen1914

film1915

motion pictures1915

picture1915

screen1915

seventh art1921

celluloid1922

silver screen1924

flick1926

flickers1927

pix1932

1897 Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Dec. 178 Ordinary photography can depict for us only isolated phases in the varied phenomena of life or Nature... But the charm of animation may henceforth be added to our portrayals of historic scenes.

1912 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures 284 In Australasia, Canada, India, and the smaller British colonies, the idea of giving the week's news in animation has met with a remarkably hearty reception.

b. The process or technique of filming successive drawings or positions of puppets or models to create an illusion of movement when the film is shown as a sequence; a film produced in this way. Later also: the creation of an appearance of movement from still images by other means, typically involving a computer (cf. computer animation n. at computer n. Compounds 5); moving images produced in this way.cel animation: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special techniques > [noun] > animation

animation1919

1919 A. C. Lescarboura Behind Motion-pict. Screen xvi. 302 The animation of a picture calls for a large number of separate drawings.

1939 Pop. Sci. Monthly June 80/2 It was necessary to create hundreds of different models of each character to take care of the animation.

1958 Observer 9 Mar. 8/5 Commercial television has brought a boom in animation, with comic men and goofy animals bouncing out from everywhere.

1975 Lang. for Life (Dept. Educ. & Sci.) xxii. 326 It used animations, puppets, film-clips, and adult actors.

1990 Newsweek 12 Mar. 69/1 The software features not only games, but also animation, slick graphics and other interactive features.

2004 Webactive 14 Oct. 126/4 Flash. An application used to create high-quality animations on websites.

Compounds

General attributive in sense 8, as animation cel, animation software, animation sequence, animation technique, etc.

ΚΠ

1940 Pop. Mech. Jan. 22/2 The whale was first drawn in pencil on regular animation paper.

1954 Billboard 25 Sept. 6/4 Animation studios in Hollywood.

1957 A. R. Manvell & J. Huntley Technique Film Music iii. 167 By applying an animation technique to the movements of actors, he produced ‘pixilation’ and used it to tell a serious story.

1976 J. Belzer et al. Encycl. Computer Sci. & Technol. V. 430 Much of the animation software..was designed to produce data on magnetic tape.

1993 USA Weekend 27 June 22/1 Collectors are busy buying..animation cels (painted scenes on acetate, used in cartoons).

2007 Guardian (Nexis) 1 June 17 A lone American in the English Monty Python troupe, Gilliam provided animation sequences for the television series.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	animation
释义	animationn. Brit. /ˌanᵻˈmeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌænəˈmeɪʃən/ Forms: 1500s anymacyon, 1500s–1600s animacion, 1500s– animation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French animation; Latin animātiōn-, animātiō. Etymology: < Middle French, French animation vital principle, animal spirit (14th cent.), anger, violent emotion (a1471), act of imparting with life, fact of possessing life (a1481) and its etymon classical Latin animātiōn-, animātiō form of life, in post-classical Latin also zeal (Vetus Latina), action of imparting life (6th cent.) < animāt- , past participial stem of animāre animate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish animación (15th cent.), Portuguese animação (15th cent.), Italian animazione (14th cent.). With the sense development in English compare animate v. Compare also animacy n., animateness n. The action of animating, or state of being animated. I. Senses relating to inspiration, vivacity, liveliness. Cf. animate v. I. †1. a. Inspiration with courage; encouragement; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > inspiring inspiringa1340 breathing?a1425 infusionc1450 animation1534 afflatus1649 1534 Stat. 26 Hen. VIII c. 6 §11 The same Offendours wente unpunyshed, to the anymacyon and encouragynge of other [yll] disposed people. c1616 R. C. Certaine Poems Ad Lectorem in Times' Whistle (1871) 111 A great animation of my subsequent endeavours. 1632 E. Reynolds Explic. 110th Psalme 349 Hee hath beene pleased both to mingle with his service great joy, liberty, and tranquillity here, and also to set before it a full, a sure, and a great reward, for my further animation and encouragement thereunto. 1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 303 An intimation and animation to us to follow his example. 1727 R. Roach Imperial Standard Messiah Triumphant p. xvii The Encouragement and Animation of the Spiritual Warriors under their great and long Conflicts. 1798 W. Godwin Memoirs i. 2 The justice which is thus done to the illustrious dead, converts into the fairest source of animation and encouragement to those who would follow them. 1827 J. Sanderson Biogr. Signers Declar. Independence IX. vi. 176 Richard Henry Lee..stood forth with a firmness and zeal, which gave animation to all around him. 1849 Gentleman's Mag. May 461 The anticipation of the attack, the certainty of victory, and the risks and profits, were united causes of intense animation to all. b. The action of inspiring or filling with any impulse; inspiration, influence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun] > imparting of inspiringa1340 animation1612 inspirement1616 spiriting1661 visitation1791 1612 S. Daniel First Pt. Hist. Eng. iii. 179 The disobedience, in his youth,..which yet might proceed from a rough hand borne ouer him, and the animation of others, rather then his owne nature. 1613 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. 135 [The legate] now by the Kings animation, presumes more peremptorily to vrge them. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 286 She by her counsel and animation stirs up the Seven-headed Beast to this Murther. 2. Liveliness of aspect or manner; vivacity, sprightliness, brightness. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness jollinessc1386 liveliheadc1425 quicknessc1425 vyfnes1475 ramagec1485 couragea1498 liveliness1534 spritec1540 livelihood1566 life1583 sprightliness1599 sprightfulness1602 ruach1606 sprightiness1607 sparkle1611 airiness1628 vivacy1637 spiritfulness1644 spirit1651 vivacity1652 spiritedness1654 brightness1660 sprightness1660 ramageness1686 race1690 friskiness1727 spirituousness1727 vivaciousness1727 brio1731 raciness1759 phlogiston1789 animation1791 lifefulness1829 pepper-and-salt1842 corkiness1845 aliveness1853 vitality1858 music1859 virtu1876 liveness1890 zippiness1907 bounce1909 zing1917 radioactivity1922 oomph1937 pizzazz1937 zinginess1938 hep1946 vavoom1962 welly1977 masala1986 the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [noun] jollinessc1386 liveliheadc1425 quicknessc1425 vyfnes1475 couragea1498 liveliness1534 livelihood1566 life1583 sprightliness1599 sprightfulness1602 sprightiness1607 airiness1628 vivacy1637 spirit1651 vivacity1651 spiritedness1654 brightness1660 friskiness1727 spirituousness1727 vivaciousness1727 animoseness1730 brio1731 animation1791 lifefulness1829 corkiness1845 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 462 Johnson was in high spirits..talked with great animation and success. 1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. x. 202 She..discussed the possibility of improvements with much animation . View more context for this quotation 1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. viii. 595 The substitution of the anapæst for the iambic..gives them [sc. ballads] a remarkable elasticity and animation. 1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks I. i. 15 Little fishing-boats on the water gave animation to the scene. 1938 D. Du Maurier Rebecca vii. 88 Her voice, which had hitherto..been dull and toneless, was harsh now with unexpected animation, with life and meaning. 1976 W. Stegner Spectator Bird ii. ii. 83 Up till then I had never seen her unprotected by the smile and the excessive animation. 1997 GQ Sept. 209/2 It's a photo shoot,..and the snapper is trying in vain to cajole a spark of animation from their millionaire clothes horse. 3. The action of filling with liveliness, enlivenment; the result of this; enlivening operation or influence. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > [noun] eschaufingc1386 excitinga1387 excitationc1400 flustering1422 exagitation1603 upstirring1613 suscitation1646 exsuscitation1692 flushing1775 animation1817 excitement1830 piquing1855 the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > [noun] > one who or that which excites fermentc1420 exciter1617 incendiary1628 electrifier1791 excitor1814 animation1817 shocker1824 hair-raiser1897 heartthrobber1903 heart-stopper1906 sizzler1942 turn-on1969 G-spot1983 the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness > imparting vigour or liveliness vigorating1670 animation1817 warm-up1883 pepping up1916 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy I. v. 94 The animation of the chase and the glow of the exercise. 1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound iv. i. 139 Ha! ha! the animation of delight Which wraps me. 1852 Reynolds's Misc. 31 Jan. 181/3 The animation of joy lighted up St. Louis' countenance, which had grown serious and moody-looking. 1912 S. A. Beadle Lyrics of Under World 5 They feel the animation of her bouyancy [sic] and zeal. II. Senses relating to life, quickening, bringing into action. Cf. animate v. II. 4. a. The action or process of imparting life, vitality, or (as a sign of life) motion; quickening, vitalizing. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > giving of life > [noun] life-giving1573 animation1597 enliving1602 quickenancea1617 vivification1626 information1630 enlivening1674 vitalization1846 vivifying1860 interanimation1925 1597 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas xxvi. 348 They are not simply waues,..not simply surges, but such as are strengthned by the arme and animation of God, his waues. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxix. 101 The fourth Act that goeth to make man, and is calld Animation. 1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe I. i. 5 His Person was of the tallest Make..lofty by the Animation of the noble Sentiments within. 1793 J. Ogilvie Theol. Plato vi. 186 The soul..is the principle of animation in all bodies whatever, and is properly denominated life. 1858 J. E. Ryland tr. A. Neander Lect. Hist. Christian Dogmas I. 198 Irenæus..compares the animation of the body of Christ by the Logos with the animation of the body of Adam by his soul. 1923 T. Whittaker Macrobius 52 Animation of the body is caused and directed from the brain and the spinal marrow through the nerves, by means of the spiramentum. 1989 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Nov. 1202/3 Thomas Aquinas..believed that animation (ensoulment) occurred in progressive stages that were completed around forty days after conception in the case of males. 1998 D. N. Baker in S. J. McEntire Julian of Norwich 49 The substance's animation by God. †b. A bringing into active or legal operation. Cf. animate v. 8. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > [noun] > bringing into action animation1605 actuation1623 inactuation1662 actuating1710 energizing1841 activation1883 activating1902 derepression1960 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Eee2^v The administration, and (as I may tearme it) animation of Lawes. †5. The imparting of an active quality or a particular power, esp. to a substance (cf. animate v. 3a). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. xli. 117 We are now speaking of the animation of gold. 1668 Philos. Trans. 1667 (Royal Soc.) 2 604 The animation of the Voyce of Man by his Masculine and Generative power. 1763 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 75 Some of the chemists speak of an animation of mercury, by which its activity on gold is greatly increased. 1829 London Encycl. II. 334/2 Animation, in alchemy, the operation of fermenting any metal by its conjunction with mercury. 6. The state of being animate or alive; life, vitality. Now rare and passing into sense 4a.With spirit of animation in quot. 1794 cf. animal spirit n. 1.suspended animation: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > condition or state of being alive lifeOE liveliness1540 livelihead1557 livelihood1566 animation1615 vivency1646 livingness1656 lifesomeness1674 animateness1731 animacy1871 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > [noun] heartingOE coolingc1350 refreshinga1382 recreationa1393 easement?a1400 rehetinga1400 freshing1422 refrigery?a1425 refectionc1450 refreshmenta1470 refrigeration1502 corroborating1530 recreating1538 comfortation1543 repast1546 rousing?a1563 refocillation1570 refresh1592 inanimationa1631 recruita1643 irrigationa1660 quicking1661 invigoration1662 reinvigoration1663 recuperation1703 rally1826 recruiting1840 energizing1841 recreance1842 inspiriting1846 animation1855 recruitment1862 inspiritment1886 pepping up1916 1615 T. Adams White Deuill (ed. 4) 116 Men of our own flesh, of the same animation with our selues. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iii. 169 Aristotle himself held the Worlds Animation, or a Mundane Soul. 1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady i. x. 90 Mere Mechanism..can never account for Animation, or the animal Life even of the lowest Insect. 1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. 32 The spirit of animation has four different modes of action, or in other words the animal sensorium possesses four different faculties, which are occasionally exerted, and cause all the contractions of the fibrous parts of the body. 1818 M. W. Shelley Frankenstein I. iii. 85 Capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xiii. 283 Even now the stimulants which he applied to his torpid and feeble party produced some faint symptoms of returning animation. 1920 L. F. Ward Dynamic Sociol. II. x. 256 The simple differentiation of the conception of humanity, as the higher form of animation, to that of animation in general. 1972 Life 4 Feb. 14/2 Most people will see..a clockwork orange, an imitation of a living object, given a semblance of animation by mechanical means. †7. Representation of things as alive. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun] > representation as alive animation?1637 ?1637 T. Hobbes tr. Aristotle Briefe Art Rhetorique iii. 172 Animation is that expression which makes us seeme to see the thing before our eyes. 8. Originally Film. a. The process or technique of capturing acted or real-life action with a cinematographic camera; (also) a film produced in this way, a motion picture (= film n. 10a). Now disused. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > [noun] > films or the cinema cinematograph1896 animation1897 cinema1908 movies1909 movie screen1912 pic1913 big screen1914 film1915 motion pictures1915 picture1915 screen1915 seventh art1921 celluloid1922 silver screen1924 flick1926 flickers1927 pix1932 1897 Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Dec. 178 Ordinary photography can depict for us only isolated phases in the varied phenomena of life or Nature... But the charm of animation may henceforth be added to our portrayals of historic scenes. 1912 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures 284 In Australasia, Canada, India, and the smaller British colonies, the idea of giving the week's news in animation has met with a remarkably hearty reception. b. The process or technique of filming successive drawings or positions of puppets or models to create an illusion of movement when the film is shown as a sequence; a film produced in this way. Later also: the creation of an appearance of movement from still images by other means, typically involving a computer (cf. computer animation n. at computer n. Compounds 5); moving images produced in this way.cel animation: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special techniques > [noun] > animation animation1919 1919 A. C. Lescarboura Behind Motion-pict. Screen xvi. 302 The animation of a picture calls for a large number of separate drawings. 1939 Pop. Sci. Monthly June 80/2 It was necessary to create hundreds of different models of each character to take care of the animation. 1958 Observer 9 Mar. 8/5 Commercial television has brought a boom in animation, with comic men and goofy animals bouncing out from everywhere. 1975 Lang. for Life (Dept. Educ. & Sci.) xxii. 326 It used animations, puppets, film-clips, and adult actors. 1990 Newsweek 12 Mar. 69/1 The software features not only games, but also animation, slick graphics and other interactive features. 2004 Webactive 14 Oct. 126/4 Flash. An application used to create high-quality animations on websites. Compounds General attributive in sense 8, as animation cel, animation software, animation sequence, animation technique, etc. ΚΠ 1940 Pop. Mech. Jan. 22/2 The whale was first drawn in pencil on regular animation paper. 1954 Billboard 25 Sept. 6/4 Animation studios in Hollywood. 1957 A. R. Manvell & J. Huntley Technique Film Music iii. 167 By applying an animation technique to the movements of actors, he produced ‘pixilation’ and used it to tell a serious story. 1976 J. Belzer et al. Encycl. Computer Sci. & Technol. V. 430 Much of the animation software..was designed to produce data on magnetic tape. 1993 USA Weekend 27 June 22/1 Collectors are busy buying..animation cels (painted scenes on acetate, used in cartoons). 2007 Guardian (Nexis) 1 June 17 A lone American in the English Monty Python troupe, Gilliam provided animation sequences for the television series. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1534
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