animateadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈanᵻmət/, U.S.

/ˈænəmət/

Forms: Middle English 1600s animat, Middle English– animate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin animātus.

Etymology: < classical Latin animātus animated, spirited, disposed, inclined, living, alive, use as adjective of past participle of animāre animate v. Compare animate v., animated adj., and inanimate adj. and n.

A. adj.

1. Endowed with life, living, alive; (esp. in later use) alive and having the power of movement, like an animal.In quot. a1398 ‘animat virtu’ = animal spirit n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > [adjective] > opposed to inanimate

quickeOE

livelyOE

animatea1398

quick and queathing?a1475

vitala1513

animated1568

animal1599

animant1678

inanimated1689

vivified1767

animastic1794

vitalic1848

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xxvi. 335 Wakinge is nouȝt elles but fre [MS from] schedinge of spiritis into þe lymes of felynge and of meuynge, and doinge þe worchinge of þe animat vertu [L. animalis virtutis] in þe body.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 51 (MED) [Woundes] made of bodiez inanimate, as swerd..Or of animate, as of puncture of venenous bestez.

c1475 Court of Sapience (Trin. Cambr.) (1927) l. 1126 (MED) Good watyr, that noble element..Hys dropes swete eke byn most nutrytyf And cause of lyfe to eche thyng animate.

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 51/4 Mans bodye is the most delicatest amongst all the animate bodyes.

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. i. 102 Phylosophers..have affirmed the magnet or loadstone to be animate.

1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 580 Corruption of Bodies Inanimat and Animat.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) In Mechanicks, Animate Power is used to denote a Man or Brute.

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 45 They apply the word heart, only to animate beings.

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes i. 5 That men should have worshipped..stocks and stones, and all manner of animate and inanimate objects.

1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 83 The American Indian distinction of animate and inanimate objects.

1922 T. A. Coward Bird Haunts & Nature Memories 141 Jizz may be applied to or possessed by any animate and some inanimate objects, yet we cannot clearly define it.

1944 Americas 1 211 It distinguishes between animate and non-animate being.

2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 13/1 Inanimate objects as well as animate ones have a lifeforce or energy quite distinct from the physical form.

†2. As past participle: animated, inspired. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [adjective] > inciting or instigating > inspiring > inspired

animate1536

animated1660

inspired1667

instinct1667

inblown1678

1536 T. Elyot Let. to Cromwell in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. xxxv. 263 (modernized text) I am animate to importune your good Lordship with most hearty Desires to continure..in augmenting the King's good Estimation of me.

1640 Canterbur. Self-Conv. Pref. 11 That..your Honours [may be] the more animate to deny your power.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. sig. Ee3^v Of Creatures animate with gradual life of Growth.

3. Grammar. Of a syntactic or grammatical feature: relating to or denoting living beings.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > gender > [adjective] > animate

animate1666

1666 J. Eliot Indian Gram. Begun 9 The Animate form or declension is, when the thing signified is a living Creature.

1765 J. Elphinston Princ. Eng. Lang. Digested I. 246 Any word or assemblage of words may figuratively assume a masculine or feminine idea, and so become common to the neuter, and..either of the animate genders.

1827 T. L. McKenney Sketches Tour to Lakes 487 This word is derived from the animate verb, ozheau, to initiate, to make.

1852 H. R. Schoolcraft Information Indian Tribes U.S. II. 366 Animate nouns require animate verbs for their nominatives.

1902 Amer. Anthropologist 4 27 The distinction between animate and inanimate gender is still preserved in both Penobscot and Abenaki.

1939 S. C. Boyanus Spoken Russian ii. 5 The Accusative of masculine animate nouns is identical with the Genitive in the singular and plural.

1991 Word 42 320 Intransitive verbs can..be classified as animate intransitive or inanimate intransitive, depending on the animacy of the subject.

4. Lively; with the full activity of life; = animated adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > lively, vivacious, or animated

jollyc1325

lightsomea1382

kedgec1440

fledge?1461

crank1499

frisky?a1500

sprightya1522

frisk1528

sprightful1550

quick-spirited1552

cranking1567

lively1567

quick-sprighted1579

aleger1590

bright-eyed1590

firking1594

sprightly1594

spirituous1601

great-stomached1607

spirity1615

spiritous1628

lifesomec1635

vivacious1645

rattlingc1650

quick-set1653

airy1654

animated1660

sparklinga1704

bob1721

vivace1721

animate1801

high-lifed1859

sassy1859

chippy1865

sparky1883

high-keyed1893

high life1903

peppy1914

pepful1915

jazzy1917

upbeat1947

zappy1969

sparkly1979

1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. vi. 4 Lo! by his side a courser stood! More animate of eye, Of form more faultless never had he seen.

1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism iii. 59 The enthusiasm of the very meanest member of a warrior-clan is tenfold more animate.

1935 T. Wolfe Of Time & River i. 23 He could feel, taste, smell, and see everything with an instant still intensity, the animate fixation of a vision seen instantly.

1975 H.Moss Buried City iv. 38 It is too bad that fires end—Cinders, embers, ashes—all Animate vividness born to stop.

1991 C. Paglia Sex, Art, & Amer. Culture (1992) 188 Very animate,..but visibly strained socialites hold out brimming flûtes from jammed banquettes.

5. Of a disease or infestation: caused by animals, esp. parasites. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > other characteristics

hoteOE

redeOE

foulOE

elvishc1386

dryc1400

whitec1450

Naples1507

shaking1528

cold1569

exquisite1583

unpure1583

waterish1583

wandering1585

legitimate1615

sulphureous1625

tetrous1637

cagastrical1662

medical1676

ambulatory1684

ebullient1684

frantic1709

animated1721

progressive1736

cagastric1753

vegetative1803

left-handed1804

specific1804

subacute1811

animate1816

gregarious1822

vernal1822

ambilateral1824

subchronic1831

regressive1845

nummular1866

postoperative1872

ambulant1873

non-surgical1888

progredient1891

spodogenous1897

spodogenic19..

non-invasive1932

early-onset1951

adult-onset1957

non-specific1964

1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (new ed.) I. iv. 94 Is scabies always produced by these insects? Or, if this be not the case, Is the animate scabies a distinct disease from the inanimate?

1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (new ed.) I. iv. 96 If they were both animate diseases, but derived from two distinct species of animals.., they would properly be considered as distinct species.

1831 A. Neal Res. Animate Contagions xxxiii. 223 We find it a most excellent remedy in all cases of animate diseases, as even the tape worm (Tænia) is unable to survive one or two doses of it.

1998 Technol. & Culture 39 562 Historians of medicine will be interested in her examination of the microscopists' arguments over animate contagion.

B. n.

†1. An animate being; a living thing. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > [noun]

shaftc888

blooda1325

livera1382

creaturea1387

live-wight1610

animate1642

life form1850

vitality1851

bioform1958

1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. L Magnetick might doth so combine Earth, Water, Aire, into one Animate.

a1706 J. Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) I. 15 From whose casual motions there proceed all animates and inanimates.

1770 T. Wright in J. Partridge Almanack f. A1^v Few are ignorant of the usual prognostics of rain and change of weather from fire, water, animates, and inanimates.

1823 C. V. Ramasswami tr. Supta-sati 4 By her the universe consisting of animates and inanimates, was created.

1862 M. T. Wheat Progress & Intelligence Americans 287 The existences of color, he [sc. God] formed as they are, in the same manner as other animates and inanimates are formed as they are.

2. Grammar. An animate word; the referent of an animate word. Also: the classification to which such words belong.

ΚΠ

1828 N. Amer. Rev. 27 107 This rule separating, as it does, all substantives into animates and inanimates.

1844 J. Howse Gram. Cree Lang. 182 Many Inanimate nouns, however, from possessing some real or imaginary Excellence, are personified or class as Animates.

1903 Amer. Jrnl. Semitic Langs. & Lit. 19 206 Amiaud believed that the ni was the third personal ending for animates and bi for inanimates, but such a supposition is not justified by the facts.

1912 T. Michelson in 28th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1906–7 245 The Micmac conjunctive agrees partially with Peoria in having forms for the third person plural animate.

1964 R. H. Robins Gen. Linguistics vii. 281 What are called ‘anomalous’ genders are found, animates whose sex is known being referred to by nouns of a non-corresponding gender.

2004 B. Wiese in G. Müller et al. Explor. Nominal Inflection 341 Both types of animates are rare, anyway, obviously so for neuters.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

animatev.

Brit.

/ˈanᵻmeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈænəˌmeɪt/

Forms: late Middle English–1500s anymate, 1500s anymat, 1500s– animate; Scottish pre-1700 animat, pre-1700 1700s– animate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin animāt-, animāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin animāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of animāre to give life to, make to live, quicken, to bring to life, to refresh, revive, to endow with a specified temperament or disposition, to rouse, to give life to (in painting or sculpture), to inspire (inanimate things) with life or movement, in post-classical Latin also to inspire with courage or resolve, to incite (3rd cent.) < anima air, breath, life, soul, mind (see anima n.). Compare Middle French, French animer to encourage or excite (someone to do something) (1358; end of the 16th cent. in reflexive use), to give life to (1361, earliest in figurative use), to inflame, fire, inspire (the heart, the spirit, etc.) (c1377), to irritate, enrage (someone) (a1544), to stimulate, inspire (someone) (1549), to give the appearance of life to (a1585), to put into motion (1600), to give liveliness or vivacity (to something) (1611 in Cotgrave), (in reflexive use) to become bold or courageous (a1630); compare also Catalan animar (15th cent.), Spanish animar (14th cent.), Portuguese animar (1440), Italian animare (a1363). Compare animate adj.

I. To give spirit, inspiration, or impulse.

a. transitive. To fill with boldness, courage, spirit; to encourage. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)]

hearteOE

bieldc897

hardenc1175

elnea1225

hardyc1225

boldc1275

hardishc1325

endurec1384

assurec1386

emboldc1400

recomfortc1405

enharda1450

support1479

enhardy1483

animatec1487

encourage1490

emboldishc1503

hearten1524

bolden1526

spright1531

raise1533

accourage1534

enheart1545

to hearten on1555

hearten?1556

alacriate1560

bespirit1574

bebrave1576

to put in heart1579

to hearten up1580

embolden1583

bravea1593

enhearten1610

inspiritc1610

rehearten1611

blood1622

mana1625

valiant1628

flush1633

firm1639

buoy1645

embrave1648

reinhearten1652

reanimate1655

reinspirit1660

to give mettle to1689

warm1697

to lift (up) a person's spirits1711

reman1715

to make a man of1722

respirit1725

elate1726

to cocker up1762

enharden1779

nerve1799

boost1815

brace1816

high-mettle1831

braven1865

brazen1884

c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica v. 390 And lyke a noble captayn, he anymated their corages that they were voyde of ferdful cowardyse.

a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Radegunde (c1525) sig. ciiii She broyled her body with the sayd fyre materiall To anymat and refresshe the soule in reason To stand as a martyr.

1536 King Henry VIII Let. 19 Oct. in Camden Misc. (1992) XXXI. 54 Willinge you further to animate and encourage our true and faithfull subjectes..to continue theire..fidelities towardes us.

1583 J. Whitgift Let. in T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. (1655) ix. 158 Such as animate them in their disobedience.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 135 The Dogges are animated by the winding of horns, and voices of the hunters.

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Animate, to encourage or hearten on.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 866 Animated by his manly prowesse, they tooke heart to grasse, as the prouerbe is.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 111 The shouting animates their hearts.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §294 The progress we had made this season could not fail to animate our further proceedings.

1839 J. Yeowell Anc. Brit. Church (1847) iii. 29 The few moments which preceded the decisive battle were employed..in animating his soldiers.

1863 Edinb. Vet. Rev. 5 374 I believe that arises entirely from the zeal that animates every individual who is connected with a regiment or a part of a regiment.

1990 B. E. Burgoyne tr. J. C. Döhla Hessian Diary Amer. Revol. 178 All courage and bravery that animates soldiers at times had left us.

†b. transitive (reflexive). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica v. 391 Hercules..anymated hym-self to pourueye a redresse.

1530 G. Joye tr. M. Bucer Psalter of Dauid f. 38^v Dauid sunge this Psalme: beynge in sum grete perell in the which he remembrynge the promyse of god dyd animate hym selfe strongly ageinste so present and stormy tempestes.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxv^v Let euery man, woman or chylde anymate them self vpon god.

c1650 Don Bellianis 210 Faint not, Usurpress of anothers heart, but animate yourself.

a1681 R. Allestree Whole Duty Divine Medit. (1694) xx. 131 If the Fight seem difficult, animate thy self with this Assurance, That the Conquest will be Glorious.

1693 G. Hamond Good Minister Jesus Christ 58 Let him therefore animate himself with the Apostle's Spirit and Resolution.

1765 T. Percy Reliques III. pref. p. vii When William the Conqueror with his Normans marched down to the battle of Hastings, they animated themselves by singing..the exploits of Roland.

1788 A. Kippis Life Capt. J. Cook ii. 74 They returned, as if with a fixed resolution to provoke our voyagers to a battle, animating themselves by their song as they had done before.

†c. intransitive. To become animated, brighten up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > be or become excited [verb (intransitive)]

stira1000

resea1250

to move one's blood (also mood)c1330

fluster1613

fever1632

foment1646

ferment1671

animate1779

self-excite1832

effervesce1850

to turn on1966

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > act or do vigorously [verb (intransitive)] > act in spirited manner > become lively

quickena1400

animate1779

waken1825

sprightle1896

smarten1899

to be (get, etc.) hopping1960

percolate1962

1779 F. Burney Diary & Lett. (1842) I. 256 She..alternately softens and animates just like her.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia I. i. vi. 83 Mr. Arnott, animating at this speech, glided behind her chair.

2. transitive. To move mentally, to excite to action of any kind; to inspire, actuate, incite, stir up. Usually in passive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate

stirc897

putOE

sputc1175

prokec1225

prickc1230

commovec1374

baitc1378

stingc1386

movea1398

eager?a1400

pokec1400

provokea1425

tollc1440

cheera1450

irritec1450

encourage1483

incite1483

harden1487

attice1490

pricklea1522

to set on1523

incense1531

irritate1531

animate1532

tickle1532

stomach1541

instigate1542

concitea1555

upsteer1558

urge1565

instimulate1570

whip1573

goad1579

raise1581

to set upa1586

to call ona1592

incitate1597

indarec1599

alarm1602

exstimulate1603

to put on1604

feeze1610

impulse1611

fomentate1613

emovec1614

animalize1617

stimulate1619

spura1644

trinkle1685

cite1718

to put up1812

prod1832

to jack up1914

goose1934

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndales Answere iii. p. cccv Hys perpetuall apostle the catholyke chyrche of Cryste, anymated and instructed accordynge to hys promyse wyth hys owne spyryte this xv.C. yeres.

a1593 C. Marlowe Massacre at Paris (c1600) sig. C4^v Animated by Religious zeale.

1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales i. vii. 12 He..was thought to animate Drusus against the souldiers.

1603 S. Daniel Def. Ryme in Panegyrike sig. H5 Let no writer in Ryme be any way discouraged in his endeuour by this braue allarum, but rather animated to bring vp all the best of their powers.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. iv. §1. 587 They departed home rich, and well animated to returne againe.

1658 O. Cromwell in Lett. & Speeches (1871) V. 119 Designs which are animated every day from Flanders and Spain.

1673 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 92 [This] animated all those persons who were mutinous & discontented..to raise wrangles & cavills at what ever I did.

1710 A. Mainwaring Medley No. 6, in F. H. Ellis Swift vs. Mainwaring (1985) 18 So many Persons..could not fail of having Friends and Creatures who wou'd animate the People against the Marquiss D'Ancre.

1743 J. Morris Serm. iii. 74 The same spirit of opposition and cruelty animated the Gentiles.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxi. 299 The Novatian peasants, animated by despair and religious fury, boldly encountered the invaders of their country.

1816 W. Scott Old Mortality x, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 251 Desperate men..animated by the presence of two or three of the actors in the primate's murder.

1859 S. Smiles Self-help ii. 41 He worked..animated by the determination to excel.

1877 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (ed. 3) i. 14 The motives which animated that wonderful and mysterious man.

1913 C. Pettman Africanderisms 23 That section of the people of South Africa animated by the Africander spirit and ideals.

1939 P. W. Ward Short Hist. Polit. Thinking v. 50 Whatever the motives which animated the rebels, all their blows fell on Rome.

1994 S. Ganguly Origins War S. Asia (ed. 2) vi. 130 The increasing availability of radio and television news has had some impact in terms of animating the insurgents.

†3.

a. transitive. To impart an active quality or a particular power to (a substance). Cf. animated adj. 2a. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. iv. 15 Mercurie, sulphur, and salt..do animate and adorne it with their properties.

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. v. sig. R3 ^v Thou shalt be able to separate from gold (already phylosophically dissolued and animated) thy phylosophical dissoluing, which wil continually serue for newe dissolutions.

1682 G. Hartman Digby's Choice Coll. Rare Secrets 25 You must continue the digestion as is said above, and at the end strong Δ. The ☉ will serve for to animate the ☿, and to melt it, and reduce it into a Calx.

1733 H. Bradley Treat. Mercury 6 Some call the first Principles of all Metals Sal, Sulphur, and Mercury... The Sal, they say, is the Body of the Metal, the Sulphur is the Principle which tinges, and the Mercury animates it, or acts in it.

b. transitive. To make magnetic, magnetize. Cf. animated adj. 2b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetize [verb (transitive)]

excitate?1549

touch?1574

excite1646

magnetify1649

magnetize1792

animate1807

1807 O. Gregory tr. R. J. Haüy Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. II. vi. 88 The action..of the first two poles, as well as the action..of the two next, is equivalent to that of a single austral pole animated by a force equal to the excess of a′ above b.

1820 Ann. Philos. 16 304 We see then that in this state of inclination the bar is found suddenly animated with the magnetic influence of the terrestrial globe.

†4. transitive. To cause to move or to act; to give motion or action to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)]

stira1023

icchec1175

wawc1290

movea1382

remble1579

rouse1582

agitate1592

act1597

to put in (also into, to) motion1597

activate1624

actuate1641

animate1646

ferment1667

to feague away1671

to carry about1680

excite1694

jee1722

bestir1813

emotion1831

to set on1855

send1864

motion1929

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate

enter1563

inact1583

active1620

activate1624

yoke1630

animate1646

inactuate1651

to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799

to put onc1842

to bring on1860

mobilize1871

derepress1962

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 59 That extreme which is next the earth is animated unto the North, and the contrary unto the South.

1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 33 The Syphon..shall make the Air breath forth of it, and animate the two Organ Pipes.

1705 J. Beaumont Hist. Treat. Spirits x. 280 They denoted..by the Circle, the circular motion of the Celestial Bodies, whereby it in some sort animates them, and renders them apt for influencing Inferiours.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. §1. 225 Motion..which animates the bullet projected from the gun.

5. transitive. To give (an image, character, film, etc.) the appearance of movement using animation techniques; to make an animated film of. Cf. animation n. 8.

ΚΠ

1916 Sci. Amer. 14 Oct. 354/1 Knowledge of motion is a requisite in properly animating a drawing, in spite of the seeming simplicity of the cartoons when viewed on the screen.

1947 N.Y. Times 21 Sept. 60/3 Mickey lost his tail; a canny production man had figured that thousands of dollars would be saved by not having to animate that eloquent little appendage.

1958 D. Disney Muller Walt Disney v. 66 Working at night, Father and his young apprentices began to animate fairy stories.

1992 Independent 23 Mar. 23/2 His research..identified a need for computer systems that could create and animate realistic three-dimensional graphics.

2006 Wired May 78/1 The same motion-capture technology used to animate Hollywood heavies like King Kong.

II. To give life to, make alive or active.

6. transitive. To breathe life into, to endow with life, give life to or sustain in life; to quicken, vivify. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > giving of life > give life [verb (transitive)]

wrecchec897

quickOE

soulOE

aquicka1000

quickena1382

vivificate?a1475

live1483

envive1523

embreathea1529

instruct1532

animate1533

vivify1545

enlive1593

inanimate1610

vegetate1620

interanimatea1631

pre-inanimatea1631

enliven1631

vive1637

suscitate1646

1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. i. xxi. f. xciii You shall eate it [sc. my flesh]..animated wyth my soule, and ioyned with the spyrite of my godhed.

1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xvi. sig. J.i^v [Venison] doth anymate hym to be as he is..stronge and hardy.

1596 Knacke to know Honest Man sig. B4^v Wealth is the bodies slaue, but beauty guids the mind And feeds the sense, and animates the wit.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 151 Male and Femal Light, Which two great Sexes animate the World.

1694 J. Howe Let. to Friend 14 A Spirit may assume a Body and animate it pro tempore without being substantially united with it.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. i. 17 We may hereafter animate these same or new Bodies.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. lii. 522 When the coals are animated by a bellows.

1835 Knickerbocker Jan. 8 It was the opinion of Pythagoras, that heat or fire was the principle of life, animating the whole system of nature.

1870 H. Macmillan Bible Teachings viii. 156 The breath of God animates his frame.

1925 C. D. Broad Mind & its Place viii. 393 At such times the mind known as ‘Smith’ is not in control of the organism known as ‘Smith's body’, even though it be still animating the latter.

1962 H. Hotema Man's Higher Consciousness (ed. 3) 28 When the Breath of Life no longer animates the body, it disintegrates and its atomic elements return to their original source.

2004 T. Claire Yoga for Men v. 209 A vital life energy that animates the entire universe.

7. transitive. To impart liveliness, vividness, or interest to; to enliven.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)]

akeleOE

restOE

comfort1303

ease1330

quickc1350

recurea1382

refresha1382

refetec1384

restorec1384

affilea1393

enforcec1400

freshc1405

revigour?a1425

recomfortc1425

recreatec1425

quicken?c1430

revive1442

cheerc1443

refection?c1450

refect1488

unweary1530

freshen1532

corroborate1541

vige?c1550

erect?1555

recollect?1560

repose1562

respite1565

rouse1574

requicken1576

animate1585

enlive1593

revify1598

inanimate1600

insinew1600

to wind up1602

vigorize1603

inspiritc1610

invigour1611

refocillate1611

revigorate1611

renovate1614

spriten1614

repaira1616

activate1624

vigour1636

enliven1644

invigorate1646

rally1650

reinvigorate1652

renerve1652

to freshen up1654

righta1656

re-enlivena1660

recruita1661

enlighten1667

revivify1675

untire1677

reanimate1694

stimulate1759

rebrace1764

refreshen1780

brisken1799

irrigate1823

tonic1825

to fresh up1835

ginger1844

spell1846

recuperate1849

binge1854

tone1859

innerve1880

fiercen1896

to tone up1896

to buck up1909

pep1912

to zip up1927

to perk up1936

to zizz up1944

hep1948

to zing up1948

juice1964

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > carry on vigorously [verb (transitive)] > make lively > specifically a thing

animate1585

spirit1600

to breathe through ——1606

exagitate1621

ferment1667

vitalize1805

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > imbue with vigour or force [verb (transitive)] > make more lively

animate1585

livena1628

smarten1782

vivify1833

light1854

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. iii. 52 The litle cubbes perhaps are animated by reason of their wilinesse.

1670 R. Flecknoe in C. M. Ingleby & L. T. Smith Shakespeare's Cent. Prayse (1879) 345 Much less inimitable Shakspears way, Promethian-like to animate a play.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. ii. vii. 238 These might have animated a dull Relation.

1737 A. Pope Imit. Ode of Horace iv. i. 5 Exalt the Dance, or animate the Song.

1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism vi. 201 To have thrown off every sympathy with what animates the open world.

c1844 S. Smith in F. Bishop Illustr. London Cookery Bk. (1852) §871, 231 Let onion atoms lurk within the bowl, And, scarce suspected, animate the whole.

1925 R. Cortissoz Personalities in Art xxix. 416 Mere delight in life seems to animate the entire body of laughing worshippers.

1943 J. D. Carr Emperor's Snuff-Box (1953) i. 6 You would have sworn that butter wouldn't melt in Ned's mouth. His famous charm..animated the sunny room.

2005 K. MacNeil Stornoway Way 187 The wooden tables are animated by an energetic amalgam of bikers, goths, crusties, yahs, indie kids and even some normal people.

†8. transitive. To bring into active or legal operation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into practice or performance

animatea1586

to give life to1593

to give effect to1845

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. iv. sig. Ll2 No small errour winkt at, lest greater should be animated.

1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 214 The Bill..having past both Houses was animated with the Royall assent.

1714 Peace-maker 12 Royal Majesty, who undoubtedly by Virtue of Her Prerogative, might refuse the Royal Assent to that, as well as any other Bill, whose Fiat only, animated a Bill, and gives it Life and Spirit.

9. transitive. To represent as alive, give the appearance of life to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > [verb (transitive)] > represent as alive

animate1612

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xxi. 247 That we forget not to animate that which we remember by: that is, to conceiue of it in our minde, as being liuely and stirring.

1688 Bp. G. Burnet Three Lett. State of Italy 110 That adored picture of the Virgin, which, as the fond people there believe, was finished by an Angel, while the Painter that was working at it, and that could not animate it as he desired, fell asleep, who as soon as he awaked, saw his piece finished.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 168. ⁋5 Poetry, that force which..animates matter.

1777 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad., 1776 5 That Promethean fire, which animates the canvass and vivifies the marble.

1830 tr. J. Duschesne Mus. Painting & Sculpt. VII. 459 The strong light that animates the picture.

1903 J. La Farge Great Masters (1968) 143 The deep religious feeling animating the great painting is not that of a mystical or of a self-inquiring or sentimental mind.

1968 A. Lingis tr. M. Merleau-Ponty Visible & Invisible 190 What is it that, from my side, comes to animate the perceived world and language?

1979 E. H. Gombrich Sense of Order x. 259 The tendency to ‘animate’ vessels [by painting or carving faces on them] is universal.

1994 W. Craven Amer. Art iii. 45/2 The face is beautifully rendered and possesses a spark of life that animates the image.

†10. transitive. To convert into living creatures. Formerly also: to infest with insects or vermin. Usually in passive. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1630 T. Randolph Aristippus 26 I gave the Dutches of Austria a receipt to keep her Smocke from being animated when she had not shifted of a twelve moneth.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. vi. 95 The corrupt and excrementous humors in man are animated into lyce.

1690 R. Clark Vermiculars Destroyed 9 The great Plague that fell..at Millain..the very Dust of the Earth Animated into such kind of Virmiculars.

1734 I. Watts Reliquiæ Juveniles 122 He, who could animate the Dust of the Earth into Lice..can command all the Sands of the Sea into swarms of Hornets.

1753 N. Bailey tr. Ovid Metamorphoses (ed. 2) iv. 162 Bloody Drops of the Gorgon's Head fell down, which the Ground receiving, animated into various Snakes.

1830 Ann. Mag. Hist. Mar. 196 That spawn is not animated into a fish the size of a samlet until the following March or April.

1861 J. Dodds Fifty Years Struggle of Sc. Covenanters (ed. 3) viii. 272 ‘All those hills’ became animated into living creatures with eyes of flame.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	animate
释义	animateadj.n. Brit. /ˈanᵻmət/, U.S. /ˈænəmət/ Forms: Middle English 1600s animat, Middle English– animate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin animātus. Etymology: < classical Latin animātus animated, spirited, disposed, inclined, living, alive, use as adjective of past participle of animāre animate v. Compare animate v., animated adj., and inanimate adj. and n. A. adj. 1. Endowed with life, living, alive; (esp. in later use) alive and having the power of movement, like an animal.In quot. a1398 ‘animat virtu’ = animal spirit n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [adjective] > opposed to inanimate quickeOE livelyOE animatea1398 quick and queathing?a1475 vitala1513 animated1568 animal1599 animant1678 inanimated1689 vivified1767 animastic1794 vitalic1848 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xxvi. 335 Wakinge is nouȝt elles but fre [MS from] schedinge of spiritis into þe lymes of felynge and of meuynge, and doinge þe worchinge of þe animat vertu [L. animalis virtutis] in þe body. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 51 (MED) [Woundes] made of bodiez inanimate, as swerd..Or of animate, as of puncture of venenous bestez. c1475 Court of Sapience (Trin. Cambr.) (1927) l. 1126 (MED) Good watyr, that noble element..Hys dropes swete eke byn most nutrytyf And cause of lyfe to eche thyng animate. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 51/4 Mans bodye is the most delicatest amongst all the animate bodyes. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. i. 102 Phylosophers..have affirmed the magnet or loadstone to be animate. 1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 580 Corruption of Bodies Inanimat and Animat. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) In Mechanicks, Animate Power is used to denote a Man or Brute. 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 45 They apply the word heart, only to animate beings. 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes i. 5 That men should have worshipped..stocks and stones, and all manner of animate and inanimate objects. 1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 83 The American Indian distinction of animate and inanimate objects. 1922 T. A. Coward Bird Haunts & Nature Memories 141 Jizz may be applied to or possessed by any animate and some inanimate objects, yet we cannot clearly define it. 1944 Americas 1 211 It distinguishes between animate and non-animate being. 2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 13/1 Inanimate objects as well as animate ones have a lifeforce or energy quite distinct from the physical form. †2. As past participle: animated, inspired. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [adjective] > inciting or instigating > inspiring > inspired animate1536 animated1660 inspired1667 instinct1667 inblown1678 1536 T. Elyot Let. to Cromwell in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. xxxv. 263 (modernized text) I am animate to importune your good Lordship with most hearty Desires to continure..in augmenting the King's good Estimation of me. 1640 Canterbur. Self-Conv. Pref. 11 That..your Honours [may be] the more animate to deny your power. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. sig. Ee3^v Of Creatures animate with gradual life of Growth. View more context for this quotation 3. Grammar. Of a syntactic or grammatical feature: relating to or denoting living beings. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > gender > [adjective] > animate animate1666 1666 J. Eliot Indian Gram. Begun 9 The Animate form or declension is, when the thing signified is a living Creature. 1765 J. Elphinston Princ. Eng. Lang. Digested I. 246 Any word or assemblage of words may figuratively assume a masculine or feminine idea, and so become common to the neuter, and..either of the animate genders. 1827 T. L. McKenney Sketches Tour to Lakes 487 This word is derived from the animate verb, ozheau, to initiate, to make. 1852 H. R. Schoolcraft Information Indian Tribes U.S. II. 366 Animate nouns require animate verbs for their nominatives. 1902 Amer. Anthropologist 4 27 The distinction between animate and inanimate gender is still preserved in both Penobscot and Abenaki. 1939 S. C. Boyanus Spoken Russian ii. 5 The Accusative of masculine animate nouns is identical with the Genitive in the singular and plural. 1991 Word 42 320 Intransitive verbs can..be classified as animate intransitive or inanimate intransitive, depending on the animacy of the subject. 4. Lively; with the full activity of life; = animated adj. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > lively, vivacious, or animated jollyc1325 lightsomea1382 kedgec1440 fledge?1461 crank1499 frisky?a1500 sprightya1522 frisk1528 sprightful1550 quick-spirited1552 cranking1567 lively1567 quick-sprighted1579 aleger1590 bright-eyed1590 firking1594 sprightly1594 spirituous1601 great-stomached1607 spirity1615 spiritous1628 lifesomec1635 vivacious1645 rattlingc1650 quick-set1653 airy1654 animated1660 sparklinga1704 bob1721 vivace1721 animate1801 high-lifed1859 sassy1859 chippy1865 sparky1883 high-keyed1893 high life1903 peppy1914 pepful1915 jazzy1917 upbeat1947 zappy1969 sparkly1979 1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. vi. 4 Lo! by his side a courser stood! More animate of eye, Of form more faultless never had he seen. 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism iii. 59 The enthusiasm of the very meanest member of a warrior-clan is tenfold more animate. 1935 T. Wolfe Of Time & River i. 23 He could feel, taste, smell, and see everything with an instant still intensity, the animate fixation of a vision seen instantly. 1975 H.Moss Buried City iv. 38 It is too bad that fires end—Cinders, embers, ashes—all Animate vividness born to stop. 1991 C. Paglia Sex, Art, & Amer. Culture (1992) 188 Very animate,..but visibly strained socialites hold out brimming flûtes from jammed banquettes. 5. Of a disease or infestation: caused by animals, esp. parasites. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > other characteristics hoteOE redeOE foulOE elvishc1386 dryc1400 whitec1450 Naples1507 shaking1528 cold1569 exquisite1583 unpure1583 waterish1583 wandering1585 legitimate1615 sulphureous1625 tetrous1637 cagastrical1662 medical1676 ambulatory1684 ebullient1684 frantic1709 animated1721 progressive1736 cagastric1753 vegetative1803 left-handed1804 specific1804 subacute1811 animate1816 gregarious1822 vernal1822 ambilateral1824 subchronic1831 regressive1845 nummular1866 postoperative1872 ambulant1873 non-surgical1888 progredient1891 spodogenous1897 spodogenic19.. non-invasive1932 early-onset1951 adult-onset1957 non-specific1964 1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (new ed.) I. iv. 94 Is scabies always produced by these insects? Or, if this be not the case, Is the animate scabies a distinct disease from the inanimate? 1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (new ed.) I. iv. 96 If they were both animate diseases, but derived from two distinct species of animals.., they would properly be considered as distinct species. 1831 A. Neal Res. Animate Contagions xxxiii. 223 We find it a most excellent remedy in all cases of animate diseases, as even the tape worm (Tænia) is unable to survive one or two doses of it. 1998 Technol. & Culture 39 562 Historians of medicine will be interested in her examination of the microscopists' arguments over animate contagion. B. n. †1. An animate being; a living thing. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > [noun] shaftc888 blooda1325 livera1382 creaturea1387 live-wight1610 animate1642 life form1850 vitality1851 bioform1958 1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. L Magnetick might doth so combine Earth, Water, Aire, into one Animate. a1706 J. Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) I. 15 From whose casual motions there proceed all animates and inanimates. 1770 T. Wright in J. Partridge Almanack f. A1^v Few are ignorant of the usual prognostics of rain and change of weather from fire, water, animates, and inanimates. 1823 C. V. Ramasswami tr. Supta-sati 4 By her the universe consisting of animates and inanimates, was created. 1862 M. T. Wheat Progress & Intelligence Americans 287 The existences of color, he [sc. God] formed as they are, in the same manner as other animates and inanimates are formed as they are. 2. Grammar. An animate word; the referent of an animate word. Also: the classification to which such words belong. ΚΠ 1828 N. Amer. Rev. 27 107 This rule separating, as it does, all substantives into animates and inanimates. 1844 J. Howse Gram. Cree Lang. 182 Many Inanimate nouns, however, from possessing some real or imaginary Excellence, are personified or class as Animates. 1903 Amer. Jrnl. Semitic Langs. & Lit. 19 206 Amiaud believed that the ni was the third personal ending for animates and bi for inanimates, but such a supposition is not justified by the facts. 1912 T. Michelson in 28th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1906–7 245 The Micmac conjunctive agrees partially with Peoria in having forms for the third person plural animate. 1964 R. H. Robins Gen. Linguistics vii. 281 What are called ‘anomalous’ genders are found, animates whose sex is known being referred to by nouns of a non-corresponding gender. 2004 B. Wiese in G. Müller et al. Explor. Nominal Inflection 341 Both types of animates are rare, anyway, obviously so for neuters. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). animatev. Brit. /ˈanᵻmeɪt/, U.S. /ˈænəˌmeɪt/ Forms: late Middle English–1500s anymate, 1500s anymat, 1500s– animate; Scottish pre-1700 animat, pre-1700 1700s– animate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin animāt-, animāre. Etymology: < classical Latin animāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of animāre to give life to, make to live, quicken, to bring to life, to refresh, revive, to endow with a specified temperament or disposition, to rouse, to give life to (in painting or sculpture), to inspire (inanimate things) with life or movement, in post-classical Latin also to inspire with courage or resolve, to incite (3rd cent.) < anima air, breath, life, soul, mind (see anima n.). Compare Middle French, French animer to encourage or excite (someone to do something) (1358; end of the 16th cent. in reflexive use), to give life to (1361, earliest in figurative use), to inflame, fire, inspire (the heart, the spirit, etc.) (c1377), to irritate, enrage (someone) (a1544), to stimulate, inspire (someone) (1549), to give the appearance of life to (a1585), to put into motion (1600), to give liveliness or vivacity (to something) (1611 in Cotgrave), (in reflexive use) to become bold or courageous (a1630); compare also Catalan animar (15th cent.), Spanish animar (14th cent.), Portuguese animar (1440), Italian animare (a1363). Compare animate adj. I. To give spirit, inspiration, or impulse. 1. a. transitive. To fill with boldness, courage, spirit; to encourage. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] hearteOE bieldc897 hardenc1175 elnea1225 hardyc1225 boldc1275 hardishc1325 endurec1384 assurec1386 emboldc1400 recomfortc1405 enharda1450 support1479 enhardy1483 animatec1487 encourage1490 emboldishc1503 hearten1524 bolden1526 spright1531 raise1533 accourage1534 enheart1545 to hearten on1555 hearten?1556 alacriate1560 bespirit1574 bebrave1576 to put in heart1579 to hearten up1580 embolden1583 bravea1593 enhearten1610 inspiritc1610 rehearten1611 blood1622 mana1625 valiant1628 flush1633 firm1639 buoy1645 embrave1648 reinhearten1652 reanimate1655 reinspirit1660 to give mettle to1689 warm1697 to lift (up) a person's spirits1711 reman1715 to make a man of1722 respirit1725 elate1726 to cocker up1762 enharden1779 nerve1799 boost1815 brace1816 high-mettle1831 braven1865 brazen1884 c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica v. 390 And lyke a noble captayn, he anymated their corages that they were voyde of ferdful cowardyse. a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Radegunde (c1525) sig. ciiii She broyled her body with the sayd fyre materiall To anymat and refresshe the soule in reason To stand as a martyr. 1536 King Henry VIII Let. 19 Oct. in Camden Misc. (1992) XXXI. 54 Willinge you further to animate and encourage our true and faithfull subjectes..to continue theire..fidelities towardes us. 1583 J. Whitgift Let. in T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. (1655) ix. 158 Such as animate them in their disobedience. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 135 The Dogges are animated by the winding of horns, and voices of the hunters. 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Animate, to encourage or hearten on. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 866 Animated by his manly prowesse, they tooke heart to grasse, as the prouerbe is. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 111 The shouting animates their hearts. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §294 The progress we had made this season could not fail to animate our further proceedings. 1839 J. Yeowell Anc. Brit. Church (1847) iii. 29 The few moments which preceded the decisive battle were employed..in animating his soldiers. 1863 Edinb. Vet. Rev. 5 374 I believe that arises entirely from the zeal that animates every individual who is connected with a regiment or a part of a regiment. 1990 B. E. Burgoyne tr. J. C. Döhla Hessian Diary Amer. Revol. 178 All courage and bravery that animates soldiers at times had left us. †b. transitive (reflexive). Obsolete. ΚΠ c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica v. 391 Hercules..anymated hym-self to pourueye a redresse. 1530 G. Joye tr. M. Bucer Psalter of Dauid f. 38^v Dauid sunge this Psalme: beynge in sum grete perell in the which he remembrynge the promyse of god dyd animate hym selfe strongly ageinste so present and stormy tempestes. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxv^v Let euery man, woman or chylde anymate them self vpon god. c1650 Don Bellianis 210 Faint not, Usurpress of anothers heart, but animate yourself. a1681 R. Allestree Whole Duty Divine Medit. (1694) xx. 131 If the Fight seem difficult, animate thy self with this Assurance, That the Conquest will be Glorious. 1693 G. Hamond Good Minister Jesus Christ 58 Let him therefore animate himself with the Apostle's Spirit and Resolution. 1765 T. Percy Reliques III. pref. p. vii When William the Conqueror with his Normans marched down to the battle of Hastings, they animated themselves by singing..the exploits of Roland. 1788 A. Kippis Life Capt. J. Cook ii. 74 They returned, as if with a fixed resolution to provoke our voyagers to a battle, animating themselves by their song as they had done before. †c. intransitive. To become animated, brighten up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > be or become excited [verb (intransitive)] stira1000 resea1250 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 fluster1613 fever1632 foment1646 ferment1671 animate1779 self-excite1832 effervesce1850 to turn on1966 the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > act or do vigorously [verb (intransitive)] > act in spirited manner > become lively quickena1400 animate1779 waken1825 sprightle1896 smarten1899 to be (get, etc.) hopping1960 percolate1962 1779 F. Burney Diary & Lett. (1842) I. 256 She..alternately softens and animates just like her. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia I. i. vi. 83 Mr. Arnott, animating at this speech, glided behind her chair. 2. transitive. To move mentally, to excite to action of any kind; to inspire, actuate, incite, stir up. Usually in passive. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate stirc897 putOE sputc1175 prokec1225 prickc1230 commovec1374 baitc1378 stingc1386 movea1398 eager?a1400 pokec1400 provokea1425 tollc1440 cheera1450 irritec1450 encourage1483 incite1483 harden1487 attice1490 pricklea1522 to set on1523 incense1531 irritate1531 animate1532 tickle1532 stomach1541 instigate1542 concitea1555 upsteer1558 urge1565 instimulate1570 whip1573 goad1579 raise1581 to set upa1586 to call ona1592 incitate1597 indarec1599 alarm1602 exstimulate1603 to put on1604 feeze1610 impulse1611 fomentate1613 emovec1614 animalize1617 stimulate1619 spura1644 trinkle1685 cite1718 to put up1812 prod1832 to jack up1914 goose1934 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndales Answere iii. p. cccv Hys perpetuall apostle the catholyke chyrche of Cryste, anymated and instructed accordynge to hys promyse wyth hys owne spyryte this xv.C. yeres. a1593 C. Marlowe Massacre at Paris (c1600) sig. C4^v Animated by Religious zeale. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales i. vii. 12 He..was thought to animate Drusus against the souldiers. 1603 S. Daniel Def. Ryme in Panegyrike sig. H5 Let no writer in Ryme be any way discouraged in his endeuour by this braue allarum, but rather animated to bring vp all the best of their powers. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. iv. §1. 587 They departed home rich, and well animated to returne againe. 1658 O. Cromwell in Lett. & Speeches (1871) V. 119 Designs which are animated every day from Flanders and Spain. 1673 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 92 [This] animated all those persons who were mutinous & discontented..to raise wrangles & cavills at what ever I did. 1710 A. Mainwaring Medley No. 6, in F. H. Ellis Swift vs. Mainwaring (1985) 18 So many Persons..could not fail of having Friends and Creatures who wou'd animate the People against the Marquiss D'Ancre. 1743 J. Morris Serm. iii. 74 The same spirit of opposition and cruelty animated the Gentiles. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxi. 299 The Novatian peasants, animated by despair and religious fury, boldly encountered the invaders of their country. 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality x, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 251 Desperate men..animated by the presence of two or three of the actors in the primate's murder. 1859 S. Smiles Self-help ii. 41 He worked..animated by the determination to excel. 1877 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (ed. 3) i. 14 The motives which animated that wonderful and mysterious man. 1913 C. Pettman Africanderisms 23 That section of the people of South Africa animated by the Africander spirit and ideals. 1939 P. W. Ward Short Hist. Polit. Thinking v. 50 Whatever the motives which animated the rebels, all their blows fell on Rome. 1994 S. Ganguly Origins War S. Asia (ed. 2) vi. 130 The increasing availability of radio and television news has had some impact in terms of animating the insurgents. †3. a. transitive. To impart an active quality or a particular power to (a substance). Cf. animated adj. 2a. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. iv. 15 Mercurie, sulphur, and salt..do animate and adorne it with their properties. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. v. sig. R3 ^v Thou shalt be able to separate from gold (already phylosophically dissolued and animated) thy phylosophical dissoluing, which wil continually serue for newe dissolutions. 1682 G. Hartman Digby's Choice Coll. Rare Secrets 25 You must continue the digestion as is said above, and at the end strong Δ. The ☉ will serve for to animate the ☿, and to melt it, and reduce it into a Calx. 1733 H. Bradley Treat. Mercury 6 Some call the first Principles of all Metals Sal, Sulphur, and Mercury... The Sal, they say, is the Body of the Metal, the Sulphur is the Principle which tinges, and the Mercury animates it, or acts in it. b. transitive. To make magnetic, magnetize. Cf. animated adj. 2b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetize [verb (transitive)] excitate?1549 touch?1574 excite1646 magnetify1649 magnetize1792 animate1807 1807 O. Gregory tr. R. J. Haüy Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. II. vi. 88 The action..of the first two poles, as well as the action..of the two next, is equivalent to that of a single austral pole animated by a force equal to the excess of a′ above b. 1820 Ann. Philos. 16 304 We see then that in this state of inclination the bar is found suddenly animated with the magnetic influence of the terrestrial globe. †4. transitive. To cause to move or to act; to give motion or action to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] stira1023 icchec1175 wawc1290 movea1382 remble1579 rouse1582 agitate1592 act1597 to put in (also into, to) motion1597 activate1624 actuate1641 animate1646 ferment1667 to feague away1671 to carry about1680 excite1694 jee1722 bestir1813 emotion1831 to set on1855 send1864 motion1929 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate enter1563 inact1583 active1620 activate1624 yoke1630 animate1646 inactuate1651 to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799 to put onc1842 to bring on1860 mobilize1871 derepress1962 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 59 That extreme which is next the earth is animated unto the North, and the contrary unto the South. View more context for this quotation 1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 33 The Syphon..shall make the Air breath forth of it, and animate the two Organ Pipes. 1705 J. Beaumont Hist. Treat. Spirits x. 280 They denoted..by the Circle, the circular motion of the Celestial Bodies, whereby it in some sort animates them, and renders them apt for influencing Inferiours. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. §1. 225 Motion..which animates the bullet projected from the gun. 5. transitive. To give (an image, character, film, etc.) the appearance of movement using animation techniques; to make an animated film of. Cf. animation n. 8. ΚΠ 1916 Sci. Amer. 14 Oct. 354/1 Knowledge of motion is a requisite in properly animating a drawing, in spite of the seeming simplicity of the cartoons when viewed on the screen. 1947 N.Y. Times 21 Sept. 60/3 Mickey lost his tail; a canny production man had figured that thousands of dollars would be saved by not having to animate that eloquent little appendage. 1958 D. Disney Muller Walt Disney v. 66 Working at night, Father and his young apprentices began to animate fairy stories. 1992 Independent 23 Mar. 23/2 His research..identified a need for computer systems that could create and animate realistic three-dimensional graphics. 2006 Wired May 78/1 The same motion-capture technology used to animate Hollywood heavies like King Kong. II. To give life to, make alive or active. 6. transitive. To breathe life into, to endow with life, give life to or sustain in life; to quicken, vivify. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > giving of life > give life [verb (transitive)] wrecchec897 quickOE soulOE aquicka1000 quickena1382 vivificate?a1475 live1483 envive1523 embreathea1529 instruct1532 animate1533 vivify1545 enlive1593 inanimate1610 vegetate1620 interanimatea1631 pre-inanimatea1631 enliven1631 vive1637 suscitate1646 1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. i. xxi. f. xciii You shall eate it [sc. my flesh]..animated wyth my soule, and ioyned with the spyrite of my godhed. 1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xvi. sig. J.i^v [Venison] doth anymate hym to be as he is..stronge and hardy. 1596 Knacke to know Honest Man sig. B4^v Wealth is the bodies slaue, but beauty guids the mind And feeds the sense, and animates the wit. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 151 Male and Femal Light, Which two great Sexes animate the World. View more context for this quotation 1694 J. Howe Let. to Friend 14 A Spirit may assume a Body and animate it pro tempore without being substantially united with it. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. i. 17 We may hereafter animate these same or new Bodies. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. lii. 522 When the coals are animated by a bellows. 1835 Knickerbocker Jan. 8 It was the opinion of Pythagoras, that heat or fire was the principle of life, animating the whole system of nature. 1870 H. Macmillan Bible Teachings viii. 156 The breath of God animates his frame. 1925 C. D. Broad Mind & its Place viii. 393 At such times the mind known as ‘Smith’ is not in control of the organism known as ‘Smith's body’, even though it be still animating the latter. 1962 H. Hotema Man's Higher Consciousness (ed. 3) 28 When the Breath of Life no longer animates the body, it disintegrates and its atomic elements return to their original source. 2004 T. Claire Yoga for Men v. 209 A vital life energy that animates the entire universe. 7. transitive. To impart liveliness, vividness, or interest to; to enliven. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)] akeleOE restOE comfort1303 ease1330 quickc1350 recurea1382 refresha1382 refetec1384 restorec1384 affilea1393 enforcec1400 freshc1405 revigour?a1425 recomfortc1425 recreatec1425 quicken?c1430 revive1442 cheerc1443 refection?c1450 refect1488 unweary1530 freshen1532 corroborate1541 vige?c1550 erect?1555 recollect?1560 repose1562 respite1565 rouse1574 requicken1576 animate1585 enlive1593 revify1598 inanimate1600 insinew1600 to wind up1602 vigorize1603 inspiritc1610 invigour1611 refocillate1611 revigorate1611 renovate1614 spriten1614 repaira1616 activate1624 vigour1636 enliven1644 invigorate1646 rally1650 reinvigorate1652 renerve1652 to freshen up1654 righta1656 re-enlivena1660 recruita1661 enlighten1667 revivify1675 untire1677 reanimate1694 stimulate1759 rebrace1764 refreshen1780 brisken1799 irrigate1823 tonic1825 to fresh up1835 ginger1844 spell1846 recuperate1849 binge1854 tone1859 innerve1880 fiercen1896 to tone up1896 to buck up1909 pep1912 to zip up1927 to perk up1936 to zizz up1944 hep1948 to zing up1948 juice1964 the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > carry on vigorously [verb (transitive)] > make lively > specifically a thing animate1585 spirit1600 to breathe through ——1606 exagitate1621 ferment1667 vitalize1805 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > vigour or force > imbue with vigour or force [verb (transitive)] > make more lively animate1585 livena1628 smarten1782 vivify1833 light1854 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. iii. 52 The litle cubbes perhaps are animated by reason of their wilinesse. 1670 R. Flecknoe in C. M. Ingleby & L. T. Smith Shakespeare's Cent. Prayse (1879) 345 Much less inimitable Shakspears way, Promethian-like to animate a play. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. ii. vii. 238 These might have animated a dull Relation. 1737 A. Pope Imit. Ode of Horace iv. i. 5 Exalt the Dance, or animate the Song. 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism vi. 201 To have thrown off every sympathy with what animates the open world. c1844 S. Smith in F. Bishop Illustr. London Cookery Bk. (1852) §871, 231 Let onion atoms lurk within the bowl, And, scarce suspected, animate the whole. 1925 R. Cortissoz Personalities in Art xxix. 416 Mere delight in life seems to animate the entire body of laughing worshippers. 1943 J. D. Carr Emperor's Snuff-Box (1953) i. 6 You would have sworn that butter wouldn't melt in Ned's mouth. His famous charm..animated the sunny room. 2005 K. MacNeil Stornoway Way 187 The wooden tables are animated by an energetic amalgam of bikers, goths, crusties, yahs, indie kids and even some normal people. †8. transitive. To bring into active or legal operation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into practice or performance animatea1586 to give life to1593 to give effect to1845 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. iv. sig. Ll2 No small errour winkt at, lest greater should be animated. 1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 214 The Bill..having past both Houses was animated with the Royall assent. 1714 Peace-maker 12 Royal Majesty, who undoubtedly by Virtue of Her Prerogative, might refuse the Royal Assent to that, as well as any other Bill, whose Fiat only, animated a Bill, and gives it Life and Spirit. 9. transitive. To represent as alive, give the appearance of life to. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > [verb (transitive)] > represent as alive animate1612 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xxi. 247 That we forget not to animate that which we remember by: that is, to conceiue of it in our minde, as being liuely and stirring. 1688 Bp. G. Burnet Three Lett. State of Italy 110 That adored picture of the Virgin, which, as the fond people there believe, was finished by an Angel, while the Painter that was working at it, and that could not animate it as he desired, fell asleep, who as soon as he awaked, saw his piece finished. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 168. ⁋5 Poetry, that force which..animates matter. 1777 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad., 1776 5 That Promethean fire, which animates the canvass and vivifies the marble. 1830 tr. J. Duschesne Mus. Painting & Sculpt. VII. 459 The strong light that animates the picture. 1903 J. La Farge Great Masters (1968) 143 The deep religious feeling animating the great painting is not that of a mystical or of a self-inquiring or sentimental mind. 1968 A. Lingis tr. M. Merleau-Ponty Visible & Invisible 190 What is it that, from my side, comes to animate the perceived world and language? 1979 E. H. Gombrich Sense of Order x. 259 The tendency to ‘animate’ vessels [by painting or carving faces on them] is universal. 1994 W. Craven Amer. Art iii. 45/2 The face is beautifully rendered and possesses a spark of life that animates the image. †10. transitive. To convert into living creatures. Formerly also: to infest with insects or vermin. Usually in passive. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1630 T. Randolph Aristippus 26 I gave the Dutches of Austria a receipt to keep her Smocke from being animated when she had not shifted of a twelve moneth. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. vi. 95 The corrupt and excrementous humors in man are animated into lyce. View more context for this quotation 1690 R. Clark Vermiculars Destroyed 9 The great Plague that fell..at Millain..the very Dust of the Earth Animated into such kind of Virmiculars. 1734 I. Watts Reliquiæ Juveniles 122 He, who could animate the Dust of the Earth into Lice..can command all the Sands of the Sea into swarms of Hornets. 1753 N. Bailey tr. Ovid Metamorphoses (ed. 2) iv. 162 Bloody Drops of the Gorgon's Head fell down, which the Ground receiving, animated into various Snakes. 1830 Ann. Mag. Hist. Mar. 196 That spawn is not animated into a fish the size of a samlet until the following March or April. 1861 J. Dodds Fifty Years Struggle of Sc. Covenanters (ed. 3) viii. 272 ‘All those hills’ became animated into living creatures with eyes of flame. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.a1398v.c1487
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