| 单词 | final cause |
| 释义 | > as lemmasfinal cause b. final cause: a term introduced into philosophical language by the schoolmen as a transl. of Aristotle's fourth cause, τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα or τέλος, the end or purpose for which a thing is done, viewed as the cause of the act; esp. applied in Natural Theology to the design, purpose, or end of the arrangements of the universe. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [noun] > types of cause efficient cause1393 conjunct causec1400 final causec1400 meritorious cause1526 matter1570 deficient cause1581 effectrix1583 formal cause1586 material cause1586 final cause1587 conservant cause1588 efficient1593 effective1610 defective cause1624 proximate cause1641 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scholasticism > [noun] > causes material cause1393 final cause1587 vera causa1831 teleocracy1882 whyness1896 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Aristotelianism > elements of material cause1393 matterc1395 matter subjecta1398 predicamenta1425 quality?1537 first substance1551 predicable1551 property1551 proprium1551 transcendent1581 final cause1587 category1588 habit1588 ante-predicament?1596 postpredicament1599 entelechy1603 transumption1628 secondary1656 objective cause1668 transcendental1668 general substance1697 third man1801 thought-form1834 posterioristic universal1902 ousia1917 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. x. 170 Let us consequently see the final cause: that is to wit, how and to what ende he guydeth it. c1660 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes §1 Those that would exclude final causes from the consideration of the naturalist..either that, with Epicurus, they think..it is improper and vain to seek for final causes in the effects of chance: or..with Descartes, that..it is rash for men to think, that they know, or can investigate, what ends [God] proposed to Himself in His actings about His creatures. 1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 27 The continuation of these two motions of the Earth..upon Axes not parallel is resolvable into nothing but a Final and Mental Cause, or the τὸ Βέλτιστον, because it was best it should be so. 1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey I. 24 The efficient as well as the final causes of travelling. 1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. viii. 541 Descartes..was, of course, led to abandon the study of final causes. 1881 B. Sanderson in Nature No. 619. 439 The final cause of an animal..is muscular action, because it is by means of its muscles that it maintains its external relations. final cause The four causes of Aristotle were the efficient cause, the force, instrument, or agency by which a thing is produced; the formal cause (see quot. 1678); the material cause, the elements or matter from which it is produced; the final cause, the purpose or end for which it is produced (see 4b). The First Cause, the original cause or Creator of the Universe; secondary causes, those derived from a primary or first cause. occasional causes in Cartesian philosophy: see occasional adj. and n., occasionalism n.extracted from causen.final cause 4. Having regard to end or purpose: chiefly in final cause (see cause n. 4b); final clause (Gram.), a clause expressing purpose or intention. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [noun] > types of cause efficient cause1393 conjunct causec1400 final causec1400 meritorious cause1526 matter1570 deficient cause1581 effectrix1583 formal cause1586 material cause1586 final cause1587 conservant cause1588 efficient1593 effective1610 defective cause1624 proximate cause1641 the mind > will > intention > [adjective] > relating to intention or purpose > constituting purpose or object > ultimate finalc1400 terminative1624 ultimate1654 c1400 Test. Love (1560) ii. 281 b/2 Aristotle supposeth that the actes of every thing been in a manner his finall cause. 1583 Ld. Burghley Execution of Iustice sig. E.iiv The very causes final of these rebellions..haue bene to depose her Maiestie from her crowne. 1606 G. Chapman Sir Gyles Goosecappe iii. sig. F Wer't not for women, who of all mens pompes Are the true finall causes. 1878 J. Morley Condorcet Crit. Misc. 76 All predispositions are destined to develope themselves according to their final purpose. [See also cause n. 4b.] < as lemmas |
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