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单词 flaw
释义

flawn.1

Brit. /flɔː/, U.S. /flɔ/, /flɑ/
Forms: Middle English flay, Middle English–1600s flawe, (1500s flaa), Middle English– flaw.
Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse flaga.
Etymology: Perhaps < Old Norse flaga weak feminine, recorded in sense ‘slab of stone’ (Swedish flaga flake, also flaw in a casting, etc.; Danish flage may correspond either to this word or to flake n.2). The Old Norse word may have been used in wider senses derived from the various applications of the Germanic root *flah- , flag- parallel and synonymous with *flak- whence flake n.2; the close resemblance in sense between flaw and flake is noteworthy. It is possible that an Old English *flage, *flagu existed.
I. A detached piece of something.
†1. A flake (of snow); a flake or spark (of fire). Obsolete. (Cf. flake n.2 1, 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > snowflake
flotherc1275
flawc1325
flakec1384
flaught1483
flight1483
snow-blossom1676
snowflake1734
flaughen1811
spangle1862
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > flame or blaze > a detached portion of flame
flawc1325
flakec1400
flankc1400
c1325 Gloss W. de Biblesw. in Wright Voc. 160 La bouche me entra la aunf de neyf [gloss a flay of snow].
a1400–50 Alexander 1756 Riȝt as a flaw of fell snawe ware fallyn of a ryft.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 2556 Þe flawes of fyre flawmes one theire helmes.
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. vi. i. 78 Sternys..Wes sene, as flawys of fyre brynnand.
1483 Cath. Angl. 133/1 A flawe of fire.
1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados vii. i. 112 Hir crownell..Infirit all, of birnand, flawis schane.
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 35 As sodaine As flawes congealed in the spring of day. View more context for this quotation
2. A fragment; spec. Scottish ‘the point of a horsenail broken off by the smith after it has passed through the hoof’ (Jamieson). Hence in not worth a flaw. (Cf. flake n.2 3) Obsolete exc. Scottish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment
shreddingc950
brucheOE
shredc1000
brokec1160
truncheonc1330
scartha1340
screedc1350
bruisinga1382
morsel1381
shedc1400
stumpc1400
rag?a1425
brokalyc1440
brokeling1490
mammocka1529
brokelette1538
sheavec1558
shard1561
fragment1583
segment1586
brack1587
parcel1596
flaw1607
fraction1609
fracture1641
pash1651
frustillation1653
hoof1655
arrachement1656
jaga1658
shattering1658
discerption1685
scar1698
twitter1715
frust1765
smithereens1841
chitling1843
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > worthless
naughteOE
unworthc960
nought worthOE
unworthya1240
vaina1300
lewd1362
base?1510
to be nothing toc1520
stark naught1528
nothing worth1535
worthilessa1542
draffish1543
baggage1548
dunghill?1555
valureless1563
toyish1572
worthless1573
out (forth) of door (also doors)1574
leaden1577
riff-raff1577
drafty1582
fecklessc1586
dudgeon?1589
nought-worth1589
tenpenny1592
wanwordy?a1595
shotten herring1598
nugatory1603
unvalued1604
priceless1614
unvaluable1615
valuelessa1616
waste1616
trashya1620
draffy1624
stramineous1624
invaluable1640
roly-poly?1645
nugatorious1646
perquisquilian1647
niffling1649
lazy1671
wanworth1724
little wortha1754
flimsy1756
waff1788
null1790
nothingy1801
nothingly1802
twopenny-halfpenny1809
not worth a flaw1810
garbage1817
peanut1836
duffing1839
trash1843
no-account1845
no-count1851
punky1859
rummagy1872
junky1880
skilligalee1883
footle1894
punk1896
wherry-go-nimble1901
junk1908
rinky-dink1913
schlock1916
tripe1927
duff1938
chickenshit1940
sheg-up1941
expendable1942
(strictly) for the birds1943
tripey1955
schlocky1960
naff1964
dipshit1968
cack1978
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 415 It wil ranckle worse, by reason of the flaw of yron remaining in the flesh.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) ii. ii. 458 But this heart shal break into a hundred thousand flawes [1608 flowes].
1810 J. Sim Deil & M'Ommie in Harp Perthshire (1893) 96 Your reasons are no worth a flaw.
3. (Cf. flake n.2 4, 5, and flag n.2 1, 2.)
a. A turf, or collective turf. a flaw of peats: the quantity got in a season.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > sod
turfc725
flagc1440
clot1460
soda1475
shirrel1513
ploud1535
peat1570
clod1594
roughhead1631
pare1651
scurf1708
flaw1811
1811 A. Scott Poems (new ed.) 161 (Jam.) A lusty whid About what flaws o' peats they've casten, and sae gude.
1836 C. Richardson New Dict. Eng. Lang. I. (at cited word) Sods, flayed or stripped, from the top or surface of the earth, are in the North called flaws.
†b. A slab or layer of stone. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > stratum by constitution > layer of stones
flaw1576
bind1748
capstone1791
stone line1938
1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 136 [An alleged Saxon flostane] signifieth a rocke, or a flawe of stone.
II. A breach, broken or faulty place.
4.
a. A crack, breach, fissure, rent, rift.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [noun] > a crack or breach > a partial fracture or crack
crazing1388
fault?1518
craze1587
crack1590
flaw1615
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §79 Though the Vessell were whole, without any Flaw.
1685 J. Dryden Threnodia Augustalis i. 31 If..with a mighty Flaw, the flaming Wall Shou'd gape immense.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Flaw, a water-flaw and a crack in Chrystals.
1709 J. Swift Project Advancem. Relig. 62 He that would keep his House in Repair, must attend every little Breach or Flaw, and supply it immediately.
1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) ii. 16 Or some frail China Jar receive a Flaw.
1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 236 Where a flaw is observed [in their apparel], a patch is provided for it.
1843 H. W. Longfellow Spanish Student iii. vi. 170 The merest flaw that dents the horizon's edge.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xxiv. 355 On the closest examination no flaw is exhibited by the ice.
figurative.1615 G. Wither Shepherds Hunting iii, in Juvenilia (1633) 412 When to my minde griefe gives a flaw Best comforts doe but make my woes more fell.a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. xii. 34 Obserue how Anthony becomes his flaw . View more context for this quotation1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) To Parl. sig. A4v He will soder up the shifting flaws of his ungirt permissions.a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1869) III. v. 480 He has to be called in to alter the working of his own machine..to fill up its flaws.
†b. ‘A disease in which the skin recedes from the nail’ ( Cent. Dict.). Obsolete.The expression white flawe is one of the original forms of the word whitlow n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > disorders of nails > [noun]
wartwalec1325
flaw1574
liverage1598
pterygium1601
hangnail1678
mormal1685
agnail1737
onychia1814
defluvium1817
onychogryphosis1833
liver-sick1836
ingrowing1852
backfriend1864
onychomycosis1865
white lie1899
koilonychia1902
1574 J. Baret Aluearie F 639 A white Flawe. Rediuia.
1597 W. Langham Garden of Health 521 Rapes are good for white flawes and such like diseases of the nailes.
5. A defect, imperfection, fault, blemish.
a. in material things.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > disfigurement > [noun] > a disfigurement or blemish
tachec1330
vicec1386
flakec1400
plotc1400
offencec1425
defectc1450
disconformity1505
defection1526
blemish1535
fitch1550
blot1578
flaw1604
tainta1616
mulct1632
smitch1638
scarring1816
out1886
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [noun] > an imperfection > defect or fault or flaw
faultc1320
breckc1369
villainyc1400
offencec1425
defectc1450
defection1526
vitiosity1538
faintness1543
gall1545
eelist1549
mar1551
hole1553
blemish1555
wart1603
flaw1604
mulct1632
wound1646
failurea1656
misfeature1818
bug1875
out1886
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [noun] > an imperfection > defect or fault or flaw > material
wem?c1225
flaw1604
1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore iv. ii. 2 I warrant they are sound pistols, and without flawes.
a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 391 Thou hast a Crack, Flaw, soft Place in thy Skull.
1684 R. Howlett School Recreat. 149 The best sound Cork without Flaws or Holes.
1713 A. Philips in Guardian No. 16 The smallest Blemish in it, like a Flaw in a Jewel, takes off the whole Value of it.
1801 ‘P. Pindar’ Tears & Smiles 17 Grieve so fair a Diamond holds a flaw.
1869 J. J. Raven Church Bells Cambridgeshire 2 The bell was never good for anything, from the number of flaws in the casting.
1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 67 Grew..without a flaw anywhere, in feature, or limb, or body.
b. in immaterial things, and figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > state of having moral defects > moral defect
lackc1200
vice1338
default1340
fault1377
infirmity1382
wallet1528
flaw1586
failing1590
leak1597
delinquency1606
tare?1608
shortcominga1687
the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > disfigurement > [noun] > a disfigurement or blemish > trace of > in immaterial things
scar1583
flaw1586
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [noun] > an imperfection > defect or fault or flaw > immaterial
default1340
vicec1386
craze1534
crack1570
flaw1586
tincturea1640
mole1644
shortness1644
snag1830
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > reason, faculty of reasoning > lack of reasoning, illogicality > [noun] > instance of
reason1589
circularity1610
brain-squirt1654
flaw1667
alogism1679
pseudo-argument1872
illogicality1873
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > [noun] > weakness in argument
flaw1667
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > [noun] > in calculation > instance of
miscount1551
flaw1840
1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. I1 There is..but one craze or slender flaw in the touchstone of thy reputation.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 415 My loue to thee is sound, sance cracke or flaw . View more context for this quotation
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 209 Vsury is the certainest Meanes of Gaine..But yet Certaine though it be, it hath Flawes.
1667 M. Poole Dialogue between Popish Priest & Protestant (1735) 46 There is a Flaw in the very Foundation of your Argument.
1707–8 G. Berkeley Philos. Comm. (1989) 455 They discover flaws & imperfections in their Faculties.
1772 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) II. 291 We should have thought [it] a considerable flaw in their characters.
1840 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 146 No flaw was ever detected in his reckonings.
1853 C. Brontë Villette I. i. 2 He inherited..her health without flaw.
c. esp. In a legal document or procedure, a pedigree, title, etc.: An invalidating defect or fault.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > rule of law > illegality > [noun] > legal invalidity or faultiness > a cause of
flawc1616
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > imperfection > [noun] > an imperfection > defect or fault or flaw > other
fault1377
error1398
scar1583
flawc1616
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 2049 The lease, that hath noe flawe, For a whole hundred yeares is good in lawe.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 448 Some flaw or other must be found in his Relations and Pedigree.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 539 A Prince who knew there was a flaw in his title would always govern well.
1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) ii. 12 There seemed to be no flaw in the title of Polly Toodle.
1883 T. Martin Life Ld. Lyndhurst iv. 116 The evidence [was] clear, and a flaw in the indictment was the only chance of escape.
d. A failure in duty; a shortcoming in conduct, a fault.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > [noun] > failure in duty > instance of
defaulta1250
flaw1743
1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fifth 14 Each Salutation may slide in a Sin Unthought before, or fix a former [read firmer] Flaw.
1781 W. Cowper Truth 550 Life for obedience, death for every flaw.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth xiii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 347 That will not only cure spiritual flaws, but make us friends with the Church again.
6. Scottish. A ‘fib’, falsehood.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [noun] > a falsehood, lie > trivial
fib1611
story1648
flaw1725
fibbing1749
taradiddle1796
yed1808
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd ii. iii. 25 I shall tell ye a' That ilk an talks about you, but a Flaw.
1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 118 They taul sic flaws, An' wantet to mak' black o' white, Without a cause.

Compounds

flaw-seeking adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > a look or glance > [adjective] > piercing > searching for flaws
flaw-seeking1844
1844 J. R. Lowell Love 25 Not with flaw-seeking eyes like needle-points.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

flawn.2

Brit. /flɔː/, U.S. /flɔ/, /flɑ/
Etymology: Not found until 16th cent.; possibly < Old English *flagu = Middle Dutch vlāghe (Dutch vlaag ), Middle Low German vlage , Swedish flaga , of same meaning; the primary sense may be ‘stroke’ (Aryan root *plak- : see flay v.).
1.
a. A sudden burst or squall of wind; a sudden blast or gust, usually of short duration.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > blast or gust of
ghosteOE
blasta1000
blas?c1225
ragec1405
blorec1440
flaw1513
thud1513
flaga1522
fuddera1522
flake1555
flan1572
whid?1590
flirta1592
gust1594
berry1598
wind-catch1610
snuff1613
stress1625
flash1653
blow1655
fresh1662
scud1694
flurry1698
gush1704
flam1711
waff1727
flawer1737
Roger's Blasta1825
flaff1827
slat1840
scart1861
rodges-blast1879
huffle1889
slap1890
slammer1891
Sir Roger1893
the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck > instance of misfortune or ill-luck > severe or sudden > a stroke (of misfortune, etc.)
clapc1330
buffetc1400
flaw1513
wipe?1545
bolt1577
blow1608
attaint1655
bludgeoning1888
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid vii. Prol. 49 Flaggis of fyir, and mony felloun flawe.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xxvii. 14 A flawe off wynde out of the northeste.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xi. 13 Within a moment arose..a sodain Borasque or Flaa.
a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 51 Towardes night..wind..came vncertainely and by flawes.
1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 54 We have upon our Coast in England a Michaelmas flaw, that seldom fails.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 140 It blew..not only by Squals and sudden Flaws, but a settled terrible Tempest.
1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. II. vi. viii. 161 [He] was knocked overboard by the boom of a sloop, in a flaw of wind.
1841 H. W. Longfellow Wreck of Hesperus in Boston Bk. (ed. 3) 74 He..watched how the veering flaw did blow The smoke now West, now South.
1881 Scribner's Monthly 22 530/1 The playful breeze freshens in flaws.
figurative.1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams f. 48 Dispaire that grewe by frowarde fortunes flawes.1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. B2 The Church is ouertaken with such a flawe, that [etc.].1840 F. Marryat Olla Podrida III. 24 He would flounder and diverge away right and left, just as the flaws of ideas came into his head.1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xv. 375 Flatterers who shroud themselves from the first flaw of adversity that rocks the structure.
b. A fall of rain or snow accompanied by gusty winds; a short spell of rough weather.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > a disturbance of the elements > sudden and violent
pirrie1440
fuddera1522
fret1582
squall1719
flaw1791
williwaw1832
willy1832
line-squall1887
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > stormy weather > period of stormy weather > short
flaw1830
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun] > short spell of
flaw1892
weather window1974
1791 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. I. 422 The falls of snow, which generally happen in March all over Great Britain, is in this neighbourhood called St. Causnan's Flaw.
1830 W. Scott Jrnl. 7 July (1946) 116 I rather like a flaw of weather.
1892 R. L. Stevenson Across Plains vii. 209 The flaws of fine weather, that we pathetically call our summer.
1892 R. L. Stevenson Across Plains vii. 212 Scouring flaws of rain.
†2. figurative. A sudden rush or onset; a burst of feeling or passion; a sudden uproar or tumult. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > [noun] > sudden outburst or access of passion
heatc1200
gerec1369
accessc1384
braida1450
guerie1542
bursting1552
ruff1567
riot1575
suddentyc1575
pathaire1592
flaw1596
blaze1597
start1598
passion1599
firework1601
storm1602
estuation1605
gare1606
accession?1608
vehemency1612
boutade1614
flush1614
escapea1616
egression1651
ebullition1655
ebulliency1667
flushinga1680
ecstasy1695
gusta1704
gush1720
vehemence1741
burst1751
overboiling1767
explosion1769
outflaming1836
passion fit1842
outfly1877
Vesuvius1886
outflame1889
society > armed hostility > attack > [noun] > sudden or surprise attack
supprise1412
surprise1457
supprising1487
alarm1548
larum1549
canvasado1581
descent1587
surprisal1591
flaw1596
canvass1611
insult1710
swoop1824
flap1916
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [noun] > uproar or tumult
brack?c1200
ludea1275
ludingc1275
grede13..
to-doc1330
stevenc1385
ruitc1390
shoutingc1405
rumourc1425
dirdumc1440
shout1487
rippit?1507
glamer?a1513
rangat?a1513
reird?a1513
larumc1515
reirdour1535
uproar1544
clamouring1548
racket1565
baldare1582
rack jack1582
rufflery1582
pother1603
rut1607
clamorousnessa1617
hurricane1639
clutter1656
flaw1676
splutter1677
rout1684
hirdum-dirdum1724
fracas1727
collieshangie1737
racketing1760
hullabaloo1762
hurly1806
bobbery1816
trevally1819
pandemonium1827
hurly-burly1830
outroar1845
on-ding1871
tow-row1877
ruckus1885
molrowing1892
rookus1892
rux1918
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. v. sig. P8v She at the first encounter on him ran..But he..From that first flaw him selfe right well defended. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. iv. 62 O, these flawes and starts..would well become A womans story. View more context for this quotation
1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe v. 78 And deluges of Armies, from the Town, Come pow'ring in: I heard the mighty flaw, When first it broke.
3. Used as rendering of French fléau scourge.
ΘΠ
society > authority > punishment > [noun] > divine
visitationc1380
plaguea1382
flaw1481
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > a harmful thing or person > thing
thornc1230
plaguea1382
foea1393
evila1400
flaw1481
detriment?1504
tooth1546
fang1555
decay1563
bane1577
dagger1600
scourge1603
cursea1616
blighter1821
bacillus1883
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) 33 Suffred a grete flawe to come in to the contre, for to chastyse the peple.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
flaw-blown adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [adjective] > (of rain) driven by wind
drivingc1325
flaw-blown1820
blast-borne1830
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 101 Quick pattereth the flaw-blown sleet.
C2.
† flaw-flower n. Obsolete a name for Anemone Pulsatilla.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > anemones
anemone1548
rose parsley1548
windflower1551
agrimony1578
hepatica1578
liverwort1578
noble agrimony1578
noble liverwort1578
pasque flower1578
Coventry bells1597
flaw-flower1597
herb trinity1597
pulsatilla1597
emony1644
wood-anemone1657
Robin Hood1665
poppy anemone1731
Alpine anemone1774
liverleaf1820
Japan anemone1847
Pennsylvania wind flower1869
smell fox1892
prairie smoke1893
prairie crocus1896
St. Brigid anemone1902
Japanese anemonec1908
Spanish marigold-
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 309 Passe flower is called..after the Latin name Pulsatill, or Flawe flower.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† flawadj.

Etymology: ? < Latin flāvus.
Obsolete. rare.
? Yellow. (So in glossaries, but the meaning is doubtful.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective]
yelloweOE
blaykec1400
jaune1430
flawc1450
jaundiced1640
flaxed1652
flave1657
flavous1666
blake1691
gambogian1837
c1450 Crt. of Love 782 Lily forehede had this creature, With liveliche browes, flaw, of colour pure.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

flawv.1

Brit. /flɔː/, U.S. /flɔ/, /flɑ/
Etymology: < flaw n.1
1.
a. transitive. To make a flaw or crack in; to crack; to damage by a crack or fissure; to cause a defect in, mar.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)]
mareOE
shendOE
hinderc1000
amarOE
awemc1275
noyc1300
touchc1300
bleche1340
blemisha1375
spill1377
misdoa1387
grieve1390
damagea1400
despoil?a1400
matea1400
snapea1400
mankc1400
overthrowa1425
tamec1430
undermine1430
blunder1440
depaira1460
adommage?1473
endamage1477
prejudicec1487
fulyie1488
martyra1500
dyscrase?1504
corrupt1526
mangle1534
danger1538
destroy1542
spoil1563
ruinate1564
ruin1567
wrake1570
injury1579
bane1587
massacre1589
ravish1594
wrong1595
rifle1604
tainta1616
mutilea1618
to do violence toa1625
flaw1665
stun1676
quail1682
maul1694
moil1698
damnify1712
margullie1721
maul1782
buga1790
mux1806
queer1818
batter1840
puckeroo1840
rim-rack1841
pretty1868
garbage1899
savage1899
to do in1905
strafe1915
mash1924
blow1943
nuke1967
mung1969
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > crack (but not break)
crazec1386
crack1609
flaw1665
star1787
mill1825
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 34 The blunt end..seemed irregularly flawed with divers clefts.
1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 755 That stuns the Diamond and so flaws it.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 113 The brazen Cauldrons, with the Frost are flaw'd . View more context for this quotation
1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 362 [Glass] being reduced to powder, or otherwise flawed.
1800 E. Howard in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 208 The breech..was torn open and flawed in many directions.
1854 C. Dickens Hard Times ii. i. 131 They fell to pieces with such ease that you might suspect them of having been flawed before.
b. with immaterial object, or figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally
atterc885
hurtc1200
marc1225
appair1297
impair1297
spilla1300
emblemishc1384
endull1395
blemishc1430
depaira1460
depravea1533
deform1533
envenom1533
vitiate1534
quail1551
impeach1563
subvert1565
craze1573
taint1573
spoil1578
endamage1579
qualify1584
stain1584
crack1590
ravish1594
interess1598
invitiate1598
corrupt1602
venom1621
depauperate1623
detriment1623
flaw1623
embase1625
ungold1637
murder1644
refract1646
depress1647
addle1652
sweal1655
butcher1659
shade1813
mess1823
puckeroo1840
untone1861
blue1880
queer1884
dick1972
forgar-
the mind > attention and judgement > lack of beauty > disfigurement > disfigure [verb (transitive)] > impair the beauty of
blemisha1500
stain1584
flaw1623
scar1697
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 95 France hath flaw'd the League. View more context for this quotation
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. ii. 22 Which hath flaw'd the heart Of all their Loyalties. View more context for this quotation
1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall ii. sig. D4v He answerd, My worship needed not to flaw his right.
1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. vii. 162 It must be owned..that she had a fault of character, which flawed her perfections.
1887 A. C. Swinburne Locrine i. ii. 178 Have I not sinned already—flawed my faith?
†c. to flaw off: to break off in ‘flaws’ or small pieces. Obsolete. Cf. to flake off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > become detached [verb (intransitive)] > break off > split off
chinec1300
to flaw off1665
spall1853
sliver1880
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 98 By looking on the surface of a piece newly flaw'd off.
†d. slang. To make drunk. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1673 R. Head Canting Acad. 168 He that is flawed in the Company before the rest.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Flaw'd, drunk.
1725 in New Canting Dict.
2. intransitive. To become cracked. †Also, to break off in flakes or small pieces (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (intransitive)] > crack, split, or cleave
chinea700
to-chinec725
cleavea1225
to-cleavec1275
rivec1330
to-slentc1380
to-sundera1393
cracka1400
rifta1400
chapc1420
crevec1450
break1486
slave?1523
chink1552
chop1576
coame1577
cone1584
slat1607
cleft1610
splita1625
checka1642
chicka1642
flaw1648
shale1712
vent1721
spalt1731
star1842
seam1880
tetter1911
1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. F4v This round Is no where found To flaw.
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 33 Those that flaw'd off in large pieces were prettily branched.
1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 103 It hath crack'd, flaw'd, and rose in ridges.
1774 Projects in Ann. Reg. 112/1 No less fit for the inside of buildings, than tenacious and incapable of cracking or flawing.
1831 W. S. Landor Count Julian in Wks. (1846) II. 514 The original clay of coarse mortality Hardens and flaws around her.
1857 P. M. Colquhoun Compan. Oarsman's Guide 9 Elm is very apt to flaw and splinter short in the lans.
3. Scottish. To lie or fib. Cf. flaw n.1 6.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lie, tell lies [verb (intransitive)] > in trivial way
fib1690
flaw1725
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd ii. i. 18 But dinna flaw, Tell o'er your News again! and swear til't a'.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

flawv.2

Brit. /flɔː/, U.S. /flɔ/, /flɑ/
Etymology: < flaw n.2
a. intransitive. Of the wind: To blow in gusts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > blow (of the wind) [verb (intransitive)] > blow fitfully > in gusts
wapc1400
thud1513
flaw1806
to gust up1813
tuck1833
huffle1862
1806 M. Flinders in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 96 245 The wind..flawing from one side and the other.
b. transitive. To ruffle as a flaw of wind does. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > blow (a blast) (of the wind [verb (transitive)] > ruffle surface of water
wawc1380
cat's-paw1853
flawa1894
a1894 R. L. Stevenson In South Seas (1896) i. iii. 177 Long cats-paws flawed the face of the lagoon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1c1325n.21481adj.c1450v.11623v.21806
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