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单词 fifteenth
释义

fifteenthadj.n.

Brit. /ˌfɪfˈtiːnθ/, /ˈfɪftiːnθ/, U.S. /ˌfɪfˈtinθ/, /ˈfɪfˌtinθ/
Forms:

α. Old English fiftegða, Old English fifteið- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English fifteodan (inflected form, probably transmission error), Old English fifteogeþa, Old English fifteogeða, Old English fifteogþa, Old English fifteogða, Old English fifteoða, Old English fifteða, Old English fyfteoða, Old English–early Middle English fifteoþa, early Middle English fifteode, early Middle English fifteoðe, Middle English fifteþe, Middle English fyfteþe (perhaps transmission error), Middle English vifteþe; N.E.D. (1896) also records a form early Middle English vyfteoþe.

β. Middle English fifetende, Middle English fiftend, Middle English fiftende, Middle English fijftend, Middle English fyftend, Middle English fyftende, 1500s vifftend (Kent).

γ. early Middle English fiftenðe, Middle English ffiftenþe, Middle English ffyfftenþe, Middle English fifteenþe, Middle English fiftenþe, Middle English fiftynþe, Middle English fyftenethe, Middle English fyfteneþe, Middle English–1500s fifteneth, Middle English–1500s fiftenthe, Middle English–1500s fyfteneth, Middle English–1500s fyftenth, Middle English–1500s fyftenthe, Middle English–1600s fyfteenth, 1500s fifteenthe, 1500s fiftenethe, 1500s fiuetenth, 1500s fyuetenth, 1500s fyuetenthe, 1500s–1600s fiueteenth, 1500s–1700s fifteeneth, 1500s–1700s fiftenth, 1500s– fifteenth, 1600s fiveteenth, 1600s fivetenth; Scottish pre-1700 fiftinth, pre-1700 fiftinthe, pre-1700 fyfteinth, pre-1700 fyftinth, pre-1700 fyftinthe.

δ. Scottish pre-1700 fifteint, pre-1700 fiftent, pre-1700 fiftente, pre-1700 fyfteint, pre-1700 fyftent, pre-1700 fyifteint.

Also represented by the abbreviations 15th, 15th, xvth, xvth, XVth, XVth, and variants.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian fīftēnda (West Frisian fyftjinde ), Middle Dutch, Dutch vijftiende , Middle Low German vefteynde , vefteyde , Old High German fimftozehanto , fimftazehanto , fimfzehanto (Middle High German vünfzëhende , German fünfzehnte ), Old Icelandic fimtándi , Old Swedish fämtande (Swedish femtonde ), Old Danish fæmtændæ (Danish femtende ), Gothic fimftataihunda < the Germanic base of five adj. + the Germanic base of tenth adj. (compare discussion of form types at that entry and the note on ordinal numerals at -teen comb. form.).Old English forms showing -tēog- such as fīftēogeða , fīftēogða (see α. forms) occur in West Saxon sources showing Anglian (Mercian) influence (compare the α forms at tenth adj.); these sources also show the characteristically Anglian form fīftēgða . The β. forms probably reflect Scandinavian influence. The γ. and δ. forms show alteration after fifteen adj. and, respectively, -th suffix2 and -t (the usual suffix forming ordinal numerals in Scots and northern and north midland varieties of English: see -th suffix2).
The ordinal numeral corresponding to the cardinal numeral fifteen adj. and n.
A. adj.
1. With modified noun expressed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [adjective] > fifteen > fifteenth
fifteenthc900
fifteenc1430
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1891) iv. xxvii. [xxvi.] 358 Þy fiftegðan geare.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 190 Mone se fifteoða.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 9170 Onn hiss fiftende winnterr.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 522 The viftethe peni of hor god.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Num. xxviii. 17 In the fiftenthe day.
a1440 Sir Degrev. 1869 One the fyftethe day.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Kings xiv. 23 In the fyftenth yeare of Amasias.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones V. xv. xii. 294 And here we put an End to the fifteenth Book. View more context for this quotation
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. i. 30 Dull inventions of the 15th century.
2. With ellipsis of the noun.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > fifteen things, persons, etc. > that which is fifteenth
fifteenth1641
1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 25 A councell; from which by any thing that can be learnt from the fifteenth of the Acts, no faithfull Christian was debarr'd.
1753 N. Torriano tr. J. B. L. Chomel Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat 125 She having had a very bad Night from the Fourteenth to the Fifteenth.
3. fifteenth part n. one of fifteen equal parts into which a quantity may be divided.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > fifteen things, persons, etc. > a fifteenth
fifteenthc1380
fifteena1513
fifteenth part1626
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §798 A Fifteenth Part of Siluer.
1662 J. Graunt Nat. & Polit. Observ. Bills Mortality vii. 42 London..bear[s] the fifteenth part of the charge of the whole Nation in all Publick Taxes.
B. n.
1. A fifteenth part; esp. in English History. A tax of one-fifteenth formerly imposed on personal property.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > fixed proportion dues or taxes > [noun] > one-fifteenth
fifteenthc1380
quinzièmec1400
quinzine1451
quindecimc1475
fifteena1513
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > fifteen things, persons, etc. > a fifteenth
fifteenthc1380
fifteena1513
fifteenth part1626
c1380 J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 66 Men supposen alle þes passen þre fiftenþes.
1496–7 Act. Hen. VII c. 12 (title) An Acte for Fyftenthes and Tenthes.
1518 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) Payd for ij wrytys for alowans off þe vifftend.
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 214 He tooke a fifteenth which was granted to his father.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. i. viii. 298 Tenths and fifteenths were temporary aids..granted to the king by parliament.
1879 E. J. Castle Law of Rating 21 The collectors of the tenths and fifteenths granted to the King in the City of London.
2. Music.
a. (see quot. 1876.)
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > interval > [noun] > double octave
fifteenth1597
disdiapason1609
1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 71 An eight, a twelfth, a fifteenth..and so forth..be perfect cordes.
1609 J. Dowland tr. A. Ornithoparchus Micrologus 79 Others are tripled, to wit, a fifteenth, which is equall to the sound of an Vnison, and an Eight.
1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 165/2 Fifteenth, the interval of a double octave.
b. (see quot. 1880.)
ΚΠ
1613 in C. Beswick Organs Worcester Cathedral (2004) In the choir organ..1 smal principal or fiftenth of mettal.
1776 J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music IV. i. x. 149 Of the stops of an organ, the most usual are the Diapasons..Tenth, Twelfth, Fifteenth [etc.].
1880 G. Grove Dict. Music Fifteenth is a stop or set of pipes in an organ sounding 2 octaves or 15 notes above the Open diapason.

Derivatives

fifˈteenthly adv. in the fifteenth place.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [adverb] > fifteenthly
fifteenthlya1642
a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) iii. 322/1 Fifteenthly, they ought to take Account.
1693 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. III. 244 When he shall yet further consider Fifteenthly.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c900
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