ferruginousadj.

Brit.

/fᵻˈruːdʒᵻnəs/,

/fᵻˈruːdʒn̩əs/, U.S.

/fəˈrudʒənəs/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ferruginosus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin ferruginosus rusty (1515 or earlier), resembling iron rust in colour (1564 or earlier), containing iron rust (1591 or earlier) < classical Latin ferrūgin- , ferrūgō iron rust, rust-like substance, also denoting shades of colour, apparently ranging from a reddish purple to near black ( < ferrum iron (see ferro- comb. form) + -gō , suffix forming nouns) + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare earlier ferrugineous adj.In sense 2b after French ferrugineux (1766 in the passage translated in quot. 1778, or earlier, in this sense; 1589 in Middle French in sense ‘containing iron rust’, 1754 in sense ‘resembling iron rust in colour’); compare Anglo-Norman ferrugin (of colour) resembling iron rust, reddish brown (12th or 13th cent.)), reflecting semantic association directly with classical Latin ferrum rather than with ferrūgō (compare e.g. oleaginous adj.).

a. Resembling iron rust in colour; reddish brown.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > brownish-red

rustya1398

hepaticc1420

horseflesh1530

rubiginousa1538

iron1587

bricky1615

ferrugineous1633

sand-reda1639

brickish1648

ferruginous1656

lateritious1656

brick-coloured1675

blood bay1684

testaceous1688

rust-coloureda1691

brick-red1740

brick-dust-like1765

maroon1771

rufous1782

brick-dusty1817

rusted1818

worm red1831

brownish-red1832

brown-red1835

foxy1850

rust1854

henna-coloured1865

chestnut-red1882

terra-cotta1882

copper-red1883

fox-red1910

oxblood1918

tony1921

henna-brown1931

henna-red2002

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Ferruginous, like to, or of the colour of rusty iron.

1766 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. i. 50 The whole upper part of the body, is of a ferruginous color.

1789 A. Mills in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 80 93 The water..tinges the sides of a ferruginous hue.

1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 462 Root~stock..clothed with broad ferruginous scales.

1912 W. G. Smith in Man 12 197 It [sc. flint] is white in colour, but in parts very slightly stained ferruginous from adjacent red clay.

1992 Coleopterists Bull. 46 113 Posterior margin of fronts narrowly black; antennae ferruginous.

2011 Independent Extra (Nexis) 10 Mar. 20 You can easily imagine one of those tiny animated drones..rushing through a swag of boiling, ferruginous clouds.

b. In the names of animals, plants, and minerals.Recorded earliest in ferruginous duck n. at Compounds.

ΚΠ

1768 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) II. ii. 471 (heading) The ferruginous duck.

1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom V. 106 Ferruginous Tupaia.

1847 J. Craig New Universal Dict. Ferruginous opal, or Jasper opal.

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. V. 95 Ferruginous Sallow.

1907 King's Royal Rifle Corps Chron. 1906 94 Among the different varieties shot were:..mallard, widgeon, pintail, gadwall, golden eye, ferruginous pochard, red crested pochard [etc.].

1969 D. F. Costello Prairie World (1975) x. 186 Some of these..are only partially migratory, as are the green-winged teal..and the ferruginous rough-leg.

2010 C. Gooddie Jewel Hunter x. 183 The delicate peachy wash on the underparts contrasting with the cold, pencil-grey tones of the head told me that it was a Ferruginous Flycatcher.

a. Of, relating to, or of the nature of iron rust; (frequently of mineral springs, soils, etc.) containing hydrated iron oxides.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [adjective] > yielding a mineral or metal > iron

ironya1382

ferreous1646

ferruginous1659

ferrugineous1671

ironized1780

iron-shot1794

ferriferous1796

1659 tr. R. Fludd Mosaicall Philos. ii. ii. iv. 218 The Load-stone..may in some sort be esteemed dead, because it is divided from his ferruginous vein [L. a vena sua ferruginosa] in the earth.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Bristol 34 The Water thereof runneth through some Mineral of Iron, as appeareth by the rusty ferruginous taste.

1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters i. 13 Mineral waters, especially Ferruginous ones.

1792 A. Young Trav. France 290 Franche Compté abounds with red ferruginous loams.

1871 Daily News 21 Sept. A very insignificant ferruginous spring was the only one they came across.

1954 J. F. Kirkaldy Gen. Princ. Geol. xix. 286 The water..may be too ferruginous, a common cause of iron mould.

1986 Country Quest July 14/1 The neck and shoulders of stoneware bottles are often coloured with a brown or blue ferruginous slip.

2001 Oxoniensia 65 161 The area lies over oolite and marlstone beds capped by ferruginous, sandy and coarse loamy soils.

b. Containing iron as a chemical constituent.

ΚΠ

1778 J. Aikin tr. A. Beaumé Man. Chem. 161 If the alkali contains never so little earth, the ferruginous precipitate [Fr. précipité ferrugineux] only dissolves in very small quantity.

1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 342 Ferruginous prussiate of potash.

1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xxx. 319 A ferruginous body acquires polarity by the approach of either the south or north pole of a magnet.

1871 J. S. Blackie Four Phases Morals i. 122 The variations of the magnetic needle near ferruginous rocks.

1906 Westm. Gaz. 29 Aug. 2/2 The hæmoglobin of the blood of the chick is formed by certain cyanic ferruginous compounds.

1995 Compar. Biochem. & Physiol. 112 487 This expansion retains ferruginous compounds and globin polypeptides.

Compounds

ferruginous duck n. a Eurasian diving duck, Aythya nyroca, the male of which has rich chestnut plumage with a dark back and pale eyes.

ΚΠ

1768Ferruginous duck [see sense 1b].

1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 321 Ferruginous duck... Plumage dark olivaceous, with the head, neck, and breast chestnut; bill long; iris white.

1910 A. Chapman & W. L. Buck Unexplored Spain vii. 190 These ducks breed in numbers at Daimiel, as do also mallards, garganey, and ferruginous ducks.

1977 S. Cramp Handbk. Birds Europe, Middle East & N. Afr. I. 571 Aythya nyroca Ferruginous Duck (White-eyed Pochard).

2012 Birdwatch Apr. 57/1 As well as raptors, other species in the area should include wetland specialities like Ferruginous Duck.

ferruginous hawk n. a large hawk, Buteo regalis, of inland grasslands and shrub steppes in North America, occurring in a pale colour morph (which has rusty brown upperparts) and a dark morph (which is chiefly dark brown).

ΚΠ

1875 Ann. Rep. Chief of Engineers to Secretary of War (U.S.) ii. 1197 Archibuteo ferrugineus, Licht. Ferruginous Hawk. This handsome bird is abundant on the plains.

1976 D. Blood Rocky Mountain Wildlife i. ii. 146 The typical, widespread buteo of the Rockies is the red-tailed hawk, but others such as Swainson's or ferruginous hawks can be found in particular habitats.

2004 Nature Conservancy Fall 28 (sidebar) Buteo regalis, the ferruginous hawk, is the raptorial icon of the Western grasslands.

ferruginous pygmy owl n. a pygmy owl, Glaucidium brasilianum, found from the southern United States to Argentina, and varying from predominantly greyish to rust brown in colour.

ΚΠ

1886 Code Nomencl. & Check-list N. Amer. Birds (Amer. Ornithologists' Union) 205 Glaucidium Phalænoides Ferruginous Pygmy Owl. Strix phalœnoides.

1990 Birder's World Aug. 11/1 The monotonous ‘took-took-took’ of the Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl takes over.

2005 T. E. Corman & C. Wise-Gervais Arizona Breeding Bird Atlas 219/1 Young Ferruginous Pygmy-Owls disperse from their natal areas approximately 45-65 days following nest departure.

Derivatives

feˈrruginousness n. rare the state or quality of being ferruginous.

ΚΠ

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Ferruginousness, being like, or of the Nature of, rusty Iron.

1922 Internat. Med. & Surg. Surv. 3 No. 4. v. 839 Those qualities of the hemoglobin which have a constant relation to its coloring capacity..are: (1) The ferruginousness, [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ferruginous
释义	ferruginousadj. Brit. /fᵻˈruːdʒᵻnəs/, /fᵻˈruːdʒn̩əs/, U.S. /fəˈrudʒənəs/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin ferruginosus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin ferruginosus rusty (1515 or earlier), resembling iron rust in colour (1564 or earlier), containing iron rust (1591 or earlier) < classical Latin ferrūgin- , ferrūgō iron rust, rust-like substance, also denoting shades of colour, apparently ranging from a reddish purple to near black ( < ferrum iron (see ferro- comb. form) + -gō , suffix forming nouns) + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare earlier ferrugineous adj.In sense 2b after French ferrugineux (1766 in the passage translated in quot. 1778, or earlier, in this sense; 1589 in Middle French in sense ‘containing iron rust’, 1754 in sense ‘resembling iron rust in colour’); compare Anglo-Norman ferrugin (of colour) resembling iron rust, reddish brown (12th or 13th cent.)), reflecting semantic association directly with classical Latin ferrum rather than with ferrūgō (compare e.g. oleaginous adj.). 1. a. Resembling iron rust in colour; reddish brown. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > brownish-red rustya1398 hepaticc1420 horseflesh1530 rubiginousa1538 iron1587 bricky1615 ferrugineous1633 sand-reda1639 brickish1648 ferruginous1656 lateritious1656 brick-coloured1675 blood bay1684 testaceous1688 rust-coloureda1691 brick-red1740 brick-dust-like1765 maroon1771 rufous1782 brick-dusty1817 rusted1818 worm red1831 brownish-red1832 brown-red1835 foxy1850 rust1854 henna-coloured1865 chestnut-red1882 terra-cotta1882 copper-red1883 fox-red1910 oxblood1918 tony1921 henna-brown1931 henna-red2002 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Ferruginous, like to, or of the colour of rusty iron. 1766 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. i. 50 The whole upper part of the body, is of a ferruginous color. 1789 A. Mills in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 80 93 The water..tinges the sides of a ferruginous hue. 1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 462 Root~stock..clothed with broad ferruginous scales. 1912 W. G. Smith in Man 12 197 It [sc. flint] is white in colour, but in parts very slightly stained ferruginous from adjacent red clay. 1992 Coleopterists Bull. 46 113 Posterior margin of fronts narrowly black; antennae ferruginous. 2011 Independent Extra (Nexis) 10 Mar. 20 You can easily imagine one of those tiny animated drones..rushing through a swag of boiling, ferruginous clouds. b. In the names of animals, plants, and minerals.Recorded earliest in ferruginous duck n. at Compounds. ΚΠ 1768 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) II. ii. 471 (heading) The ferruginous duck. 1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom V. 106 Ferruginous Tupaia. 1847 J. Craig New Universal Dict. Ferruginous opal, or Jasper opal. 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. V. 95 Ferruginous Sallow. 1907 King's Royal Rifle Corps Chron. 1906 94 Among the different varieties shot were:..mallard, widgeon, pintail, gadwall, golden eye, ferruginous pochard, red crested pochard [etc.]. 1969 D. F. Costello Prairie World (1975) x. 186 Some of these..are only partially migratory, as are the green-winged teal..and the ferruginous rough-leg. 2010 C. Gooddie Jewel Hunter x. 183 The delicate peachy wash on the underparts contrasting with the cold, pencil-grey tones of the head told me that it was a Ferruginous Flycatcher. 2. a. Of, relating to, or of the nature of iron rust; (frequently of mineral springs, soils, etc.) containing hydrated iron oxides. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [adjective] > yielding a mineral or metal > iron ironya1382 ferreous1646 ferruginous1659 ferrugineous1671 ironized1780 iron-shot1794 ferriferous1796 1659 tr. R. Fludd Mosaicall Philos. ii. ii. iv. 218 The Load-stone..may in some sort be esteemed dead, because it is divided from his ferruginous vein [L. a vena sua ferruginosa] in the earth. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Bristol 34 The Water thereof runneth through some Mineral of Iron, as appeareth by the rusty ferruginous taste. 1685 R. Boyle Short Mem. Hist. Mineral Waters i. 13 Mineral waters, especially Ferruginous ones. 1792 A. Young Trav. France 290 Franche Compté abounds with red ferruginous loams. 1871 Daily News 21 Sept. A very insignificant ferruginous spring was the only one they came across. 1954 J. F. Kirkaldy Gen. Princ. Geol. xix. 286 The water..may be too ferruginous, a common cause of iron mould. 1986 Country Quest July 14/1 The neck and shoulders of stoneware bottles are often coloured with a brown or blue ferruginous slip. 2001 Oxoniensia 65 161 The area lies over oolite and marlstone beds capped by ferruginous, sandy and coarse loamy soils. b. Containing iron as a chemical constituent. ΚΠ 1778 J. Aikin tr. A. Beaumé Man. Chem. 161 If the alkali contains never so little earth, the ferruginous precipitate [Fr. précipité ferrugineux] only dissolves in very small quantity. 1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 342 Ferruginous prussiate of potash. 1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xxx. 319 A ferruginous body acquires polarity by the approach of either the south or north pole of a magnet. 1871 J. S. Blackie Four Phases Morals i. 122 The variations of the magnetic needle near ferruginous rocks. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 29 Aug. 2/2 The hæmoglobin of the blood of the chick is formed by certain cyanic ferruginous compounds. 1995 Compar. Biochem. & Physiol. 112 487 This expansion retains ferruginous compounds and globin polypeptides. Compounds ferruginous duck n. a Eurasian diving duck, Aythya nyroca, the male of which has rich chestnut plumage with a dark back and pale eyes. ΚΠ 1768Ferruginous duck [see sense 1b]. 1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 321 Ferruginous duck... Plumage dark olivaceous, with the head, neck, and breast chestnut; bill long; iris white. 1910 A. Chapman & W. L. Buck Unexplored Spain vii. 190 These ducks breed in numbers at Daimiel, as do also mallards, garganey, and ferruginous ducks. 1977 S. Cramp Handbk. Birds Europe, Middle East & N. Afr. I. 571 Aythya nyroca Ferruginous Duck (White-eyed Pochard). 2012 Birdwatch Apr. 57/1 As well as raptors, other species in the area should include wetland specialities like Ferruginous Duck. ferruginous hawk n. a large hawk, Buteo regalis, of inland grasslands and shrub steppes in North America, occurring in a pale colour morph (which has rusty brown upperparts) and a dark morph (which is chiefly dark brown). ΚΠ 1875 Ann. Rep. Chief of Engineers to Secretary of War (U.S.) ii. 1197 Archibuteo ferrugineus, Licht. Ferruginous Hawk. This handsome bird is abundant on the plains. 1976 D. Blood Rocky Mountain Wildlife i. ii. 146 The typical, widespread buteo of the Rockies is the red-tailed hawk, but others such as Swainson's or ferruginous hawks can be found in particular habitats. 2004 Nature Conservancy Fall 28 (sidebar) Buteo regalis, the ferruginous hawk, is the raptorial icon of the Western grasslands. ferruginous pygmy owl n. a pygmy owl, Glaucidium brasilianum, found from the southern United States to Argentina, and varying from predominantly greyish to rust brown in colour. ΚΠ 1886 Code Nomencl. & Check-list N. Amer. Birds (Amer. Ornithologists' Union) 205 Glaucidium Phalænoides Ferruginous Pygmy Owl. Strix phalœnoides. 1990 Birder's World Aug. 11/1 The monotonous ‘took-took-took’ of the Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl takes over. 2005 T. E. Corman & C. Wise-Gervais Arizona Breeding Bird Atlas 219/1 Young Ferruginous Pygmy-Owls disperse from their natal areas approximately 45-65 days following nest departure. Derivatives feˈrruginousness n. rare the state or quality of being ferruginous. ΚΠ 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Ferruginousness, being like, or of the Nature of, rusty Iron. 1922 Internat. Med. & Surg. Surv. 3 No. 4. v. 839 Those qualities of the hemoglobin which have a constant relation to its coloring capacity..are: (1) The ferruginousness, [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1656
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