| 释义 |
anchovyn. Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish anchova. Etymology: < Spanish anchova (1495; also earlier, and now usually, anchoa (1302)) < an early or regional Italian form (compare e.g. (Liguria) anciua , ancioa (perhaps > Italian acciuga (1347)) and (Sicily) anciova ) < an unattested post-classical Latin form *apiua (compare apyia , in an undated glossary) < a suffixed form (compare -ia suffix1) of ancient Greek ἀϕύη small fry of various fishes, of uncertain origin; perhaps < ἀ- a- prefix6 + the stem of ϕύειν to bring forth, to make grow (see physis n.).Parallels in other languages. Compare Old Occitan anchoia (1397), Catalan anxova (1383 in a Latin context), and also (perhaps reflecting an unattested Italian variant spelling using pl to represent /pj/) Old Occitan amplouo , Catalan †amploya (1317). Compare ( < Old Occitan anchoia ) Middle French anchues , anchoyes , plural (1420), Middle French, French anchois , singular (1479 as anchoix ), and ( < Spanish) Portuguese anchova , anchoa (1712), Dutch ansjovis (1518 as anchiovis , with alteration of the ending after vis fish n.1), †anchiove (1567 as †ansouwe ). Compare also Middle French afye (1582 in an apparently isolated attestation; apparently directly < Greek). Alternative suggestion. Basque antxu has been suggested as an alternative etymon of the Romance words, but this is now usually regarded as a borrowing < a Romance language; compare the discussion in J. Corominas Diccionario etimológico crítico castellano e hispánico (ed. 2, 1981) at anchoa. Variant forms. The β. forms apparently show a reinterpretation of plurals of the α. forms as singular, in some cases perhaps influenced by Dutch ansjovis, †anchiovis. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ̆ntʃōu·vi /ænˈtʃəʊvɪ/, occas[ionally] æ·ntʃŏvi /ˈæntʃəvɪ/). Pronunciation with stress on the first syllable is rarely recorded before the early 20th cent., after which it appears mainly as an alternative in British English. the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > other edible fish the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Engraulidae > engraulis encrasicholus (anchovy) 1578 A. Parkhurst Let. 13 Nov. in R. Hakluyt (1589) iii. 675 There are also other kinds of Shel fish..: also a fish like a *Smelt which commeth on shore. [margin] Called by the Spaniards Anchouas, and by the Portingals Capelinas.] 1582 A. Munday sig. E1v The first messe..is some fine meat to vrge them haue an appetite: as sometime the Spanish Anchouies, and sometime stued Prunes and Raysons of the Sun togeather. 1674 T. Flatman 100 To quicken appetite it will behoove ye To feed couragiously on good Anchovie. 1747 H. Glasse ii. 14 Have ready an Anchovy minc'd small. 1854 A. Soyer §411 Add two tablespoonsful of essence of anchovies. 1911 A. Filippini 144 Arrange a thin slice of lemon, with a twisted anchovy in oil placed over each slice of lemon, on top of each schnitzel. 2005 1 Dec. 44/3 They were constructed by Indians whose main sources of food were the anchovies..that come from the nutrient-rich Humboldt current. Compounds C1. General use as a modifier. 1728 E. Smith (ed. 2) 61 Take an Anchovy-barrel, or a deep glazed Pot. 1802 18 Sept. 645 I saw Alexander go into the cellar, and bring out something in a cloth, of the shape of an anchovy barrel. 2001 J. Harris (2002) xii. 193 I hid my supply of orange peel deep in the anchovy barrel and brought it out when necessary. 1799 18 May 1/1 To the Admirers of Anchovy Essence. W. Hickson only requests a comparison to be made between his and any other now sold. 1846 Lady Montefiore ii. 35 Pound it [sc. fish]..with a couple of anchovies, or a little anchovy essence. 1998 N. Lawson (1999) 393 Make the anchovy dressing the easy way by adding some drops of anchovy essence to an emulsion of olive oil and lemon juice. 1865 G. Hill ix. 135 By-dishes, Cold. Spanish Pickle. Pickled Smelts. Potted Rabbit. Anchovy Fillets. 1911 Jan. 94/1 Remove the stones from six large olives and fill them with a small piece of anchovy fillet and two or three capers. 2012 13 Jan. 38/3 Most go for the Marinara, topped with tomatoes, garlic, oregano and olive oil (with the option of a few anchovy fillets). the world > food and drink > food > additive > relish > [noun] > other relishes 1810 145 There is a very good anchovy paste sold at the oil-shops. 1911 F. M. Farmer iv. 80 Pound six sardines... Add one and one-half tablespoons butter worked until creamy, and two tablespoons Anchovy paste. 2011 16 Apr. (Mag.) 14/2 I still haven't come back from the spaghetti with anchovy paste and tinned tomatoes. the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > sauces made with fish 1654 E. Gayton iv. ix. 233 Breast with Anchovaes sawce and Claret,..Crabs, Lobsters, and the Trout of Trent, Were drest for Madam Corpulent. 1674 N. Fairfax 180 Such a Hoghen moghen Leviathan that..the one of Mr. Hobbes would never be enough to make Anchovy-sauce for it. 1778 Nov. 352 Serve it up with butter and mustard in one bason, and anchovy sauce in the other. 1850 C. Dickens xiii. 137 I am sure I tasted aniseed water, anchovy sauce, and salad dressing. 2000 M. Evans et al. 145 The local, thick, home-made spaghetti, is very satisfying, often served with a simple anchovy sauce. C2. the world > food and drink > food > additive > relish > [noun] > fish paste 1806 3 Apr. 1/3 Skill and Co.'s truly delicious Anchovy Butter, which consists of anchovies that have been boned and pounded in a marble mortar. 1959 13 Aug. 263/1 Mashed liver sausage, or anchovy butter, or any other favourite paste. 1999 A. Arensberg v. xii. 135 I often hung around to make sure they..remembered to dot the mushroom caps with specks of anchovy butter before running them under the broiler. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > fish-soup 1725 R. Bradley (at cited word) Anchovie-Cullices are frequently made and put into several Ragoos. 1737 xix. 363 Your Fowls being roasted, take them off the Spit, and dish them up, put your Anchovy-Cullis over them, [etc.]. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > bread with spread or filling > [noun] > bread with seafood 1769 J. Skeat at January Anchovy Toast. 1827 B. Disraeli III. v. xiii. 256 An after-dinner anecdote..as piquant as an anchovy toast. 1907 18 July 58/2 Hungrily, course by course, we follow them from the ox-tail soup to the anchovy toast. 2005 S. H. Loomis 20 Christian handed each of us a glass of Champagne and a warm anchovy toast. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). <  n.1582 |
