fenneln.
/ˈfɛnl/, U.S. /ˈfɛn(ə)l/ 1.
a. A fragrant perennial umbellifer ( Fæniculum vulgare) having yellow flowers, cultivated chiefly for its use in sauces eaten with salmon, etc.
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the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > fennel
fennela700
finklea1300
ferulaa1398
ferulec1420
finochio1723
Indian fennel1796
sweet fennel1796
fennel-flower1863
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > fennel
fennela700
finklea1300
ferulec1420
a700 Epinal Gloss. 451 Finiculus, finugl.
c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 322 Feniculum, fenol.
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 44 Þe fenyl ant þe fille.
1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 129 His herbe..The vertuous fenel.
1486 Bk. St. Albans B iv b Wassh the flesh..in ye Juce of fenell.
1538 W. Turner Libellus de re Herbaria at Fenicvlvm Fœnell.
1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 41 a Wyne..wherin the rootes of persely or fenel be stieped.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 179 There is fennell for you.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 581 A savorie odour..more pleas'd my sense Then smell of sweetest Fenel . View more context for this quotation
1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 260 Fennel..contains a subtil Spice.
1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 234 With aspen boughs, and flowers and fennel gay.
1796 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) xviii. 291 Garnish with fennel and parsley.
1841–6 H. W. Longfellow Goblet of Life v The fennel with its yellow flowers.
1879 R. Browning Pheidippides 82 This herbage I bear—Fennel, whatever it bode.
b. With qualifying words indicating different species; esp. Indian fennel n. Fæniculum Panmorium, an annual variety of F. vulgare employed in India in curries and for medicinal purposes. sweet fennel n. Fæniculum dulce or officinale, grown in kitchen-gardens for the sake of its leaves.
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the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > fennel
fennela700
finklea1300
ferulaa1398
ferulec1420
finochio1723
Indian fennel1796
sweet fennel1796
fennel-flower1863
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > fennel > types of
finochio1723
sweet fennel1796
1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening xvi. 331 Sweet fennel is an annual, cultivated for its seeds in medicine.
1811 A. T. Thomson London Dispensatory ii. 36 The root of..the common fennel, and the seed of..the sweet fennel, are officinal.
2.
a. Popularly applied to plants resembling the preceding, as dog fennel n. (or dog's fennel) Anthemis Cotula. hog's fennel n. Peucedanum officinale. horse fennel n. Seseli Hippomarathrum. sea fennel n. Crithmum maritimum. sow fennel n. = hog's fennel n. water fennel n. Callitriche verna.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > samphire
samphire1542
Crestmarine1565
pierce-stone1600
fasse-phierre1701
sea fennel1712
Peter's cress1866
rock cress1866
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiii Dogfenell..in the commyng vp is lyke fenell and bereth many white floures.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 73/1 The dog Fennel hath small deep dark leaves.
1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 7 Another kind of Fennel..bears the Name of Sea-Fennel.
1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants (1879) 77 Dog's Fennel.
b. fennel-flower n. a herb of the genus Nigella. Also with distinguishing epithets, as common fennel-flower, Spanish fennel-flower, small fennel-flower, wild fennel-flower.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > fennel
fennela700
finklea1300
ferulaa1398
ferulec1420
finochio1723
Indian fennel1796
sweet fennel1796
fennel-flower1863
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > buttercup and allied flowers > allied flowers
githa1382
nigellaa1398
gollana1400
pilewort?a1425
gold-knop1538
fig-wort1548
lucken gowan1548
melanthion1559
gold crap1571
bachelor's buttons1578
celandine1578
gold cup1578
Goldilocks1578
nigel1578
nigelweed1578
troll flower1578
peppergrass1587
golden cup1589
globe crowfoot1597
globeflower1597
winter aconite1597
kiss-me-twice-before-I-rise1664
devil-in-a-bush1722
globe ranunculus1731
turban1760
love-in-a-mist1787
love-in-a-puzzle1824
fair-grass1825
water buttercup1831
golden knobs1835
ficary1848
New Year's gift1856
bishop wort1863
fennel-flower1863
golden ball1875
1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants (1879) 77 Fennel-Flower, from its fennel-like finely divided leaves.
1868 S. Hereman Paxton's Bot. Dict. 392/2 The species of Fennel-flower are curious and ornamental.
c. fennel-giant n. ( Ferula communis) a plant of the genus Ferula; also with distinguishing epithets, as broad-leaved, furrowed, knotted, etc. = giant-fennel.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > giant fennel
ferulaa1398
fennel-giant1578
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxxxix. 269 The seconde kinde is called..wilde Fenell, and great Fenell: and of some Fenell Giant.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 100 Th' hearb Sagapen. [Note] Fenel gyant.
1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 70 A Ferula, or Fennel-giant, as some term it.
1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxii. 244 It [sc. Ferula] is so lofty and large a plant as to have acquired the name of Fennel-Giant.
1848 in J. Craig New Universal Dict.
3. As an emblem of flattery.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] > emblem for flattery
fennel1584
1584 J. Lyly Sapho & Phao ii. iv Fancy is a worme, that feedeth first upon fenell.
1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. B Womens weeds, Fenell I mean for flatterers.
1634 W. Lathum Phyala Lachrymarum 7 Nor Fennell-finkle, bring for flattery.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a.
fennel-plant n.
ΚΠ
1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Eclogues x, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 65 Blooming fennel-plants And giant lilies tossing to and fro.
fennel-root n.
fennel-seed n.
ΚΠ
c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 28 Finol sæd..gnid to duste.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. v. 156 I haue..A Ferþing-worþ of Fenel-seed for þis Fastyng dayes.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §528 Take Earth made with Marjoram..bruised, or stamped, and set in it Fennell-Seed.
fennel stalk n.
ΚΠ
1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 75 You can by no Culture..extend a Fennel Stalk to the stature and bigness of an Oak.
b.
fennel-rubbed adj.
ΚΠ
1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 29 To see clearer then any fenell rub'd Serpent.
C2. † fennel apple n. Obsolete the name of a variety of apple.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pome-paradise1601
French pippin1629
gillyflower1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
calville1691
passe-pomme1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
Sturmer Pippin1831
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Macoun1924
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
pippin?1435
pomewater?1435
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
sweeting1530
pomeroyal1534
renneta1568
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
russeting1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
reinette1582
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pomeroy1600
short-start1600
jenneting1601
pome-paradise1601
russet coat1602
John apple1604
honey apple1611
honeymeal1611
musk apple1611
short-shank1611
spice apple1611
French pippin1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
renneting1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
reinetting1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
white-wining1676
russet1686
calville1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
musk1708
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
wine apple1802
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
wine-sap1826
Jonathan1831
Sturmer Pippin1831
rusty-coat1843
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Cornish gilliflowerc1850
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
nutmeg pippin1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Melba apple1928
Melba1933
Mutsu1951
Newtown1953
discovery1964
1699 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 9) 144 Apples..Fennel Apple.
1721 in N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict.
Thesaurus »
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fennel oil n. ‘the oil of common fennel containing anethol and a terpene’ (Watts).
fennel water n. a spirituous liquor prepared from fennel seed, = fenouillette n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > other distilled liquor > [noun] > others
koumiss1598
nugs of balm1609
rakia1613
pariah-arrack1671
stalagma1684
fenouillette1706
aguardiente1752
fennel water1757
rakia1778
mahua1810
mahua-arrack1813
kirschwasser1819
mescal1826
still-spirit1832
mobbie1833
zibib1836
potato spirit1839
mowra1846
tequila1849
Jersey lightning1852
petit baume1858
kirsch1869
mastic1876
Hoochinoo1877
mastic brandy1883
mastika1889
hooch1897
ouzo1897
milk-whisky1906
mahua spirit1920
shochu1938
mirabelle1940
tsipouro1947
mahua liquor1961
Mao-tai1962
changaa1975
reposado1982
1757 A. Cooper Compl. Distiller ii. v. 126 Simple Waters now commonly made, are..Cinnamon-water, Fennel-water, [etc.].
1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 76/1 The fruits..are used for the preparation of oil of fennel and fennel water.
Derivatives
fennel-like adj.
ΚΠ
1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants (1879) 77 Fennel-Flower, from its fennel-like finely divided leaves.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.a700