fendern.
/ˈfɛndə/, U.S. /ˈfɛndər/ 1. = defender n. Obsolete exc. dialect.
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society > armed hostility > warrior > defender > [noun]
werea1325
defenderc1325
forfightera1382
defensorc1390
fendera1400
man of fencec1425
defendantc1475
rampire?1549
rampart1567
defensive1634
hyperaspist1638
a1400–50 Alexander 1839 Þe fendere of grece.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 155 Fendowre, or defendowre.
1678 W. Winstanley Four for a Penny 3 He [a Pawnbroker] is..the Common Fender of all Bulkers and Shoplifts in the Town.
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Fender, a defender in all senses.
2. Something that serves to fend or keep off something else:
a. in general sense.
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the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > putting or keeping at a distance > something that keeps another thing off
keep-off?1611
fender1615
1615 E. Sharpe Britaines Busse sig. B Fenders or long poles.
1825 Ann. Reg. 247* This bone constitutes a fin, or fender.
1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. v. 32 Protected with the shield or arrow fender.
1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 29 July The coal bunkers..in a state of repletion are the best kind of ‘fenders’ for the protection of the boilers from shot and shell.
1882 F. T. Buckland Notes & Jottings 159 The loose feathers of the neck forming a fender to the shoulder of the wing.
1893 Temple Bar 98 468 The fenders..the tiaras of the chaperones.
b. Nautical. A piece of old cable, or other yielding material, hung over a vessel's side to preserve it from chafing or collision with a wharf or with other vessels. Also (see quot. 1850).
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > fender
junk1528
puddinga1625
fender1626
fend1658
fend-bolt1678
bongrace1685
skid1743
pudding fender1883
sausage1968
1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 16 They serue for Iunkes, fendors and braded plackets for brests of defence.
1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. vii. 30 Fenders are peeces of old Hawsers called Iunkes hung ouer the ship sides to keepe them from brusing.
1821 A. Fisher Voy. Arctic Regions 1819–20 34 We were obliged to put fenders of junk over the ship's side to prevent her from being damaged by the ice.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 117 Fenders, two pieces of oak plank fayed edgewise, perpendicularly, against the top~sides abreast the main hatchway, to prevent the sides of the ship from being rubbed by the hoisting of anything on board.
1885 J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 212 A sailor slipped a cork fender over the side.
c. A large piece of timber placed as a guard in front of any structure, esp. a pier, dock-wall, etc. Also fender-pile (see Compounds 2).
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the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > a statue or object
telesm1597
talisman1638
fender1739
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > device or contrivance to protect a thing or person
guard1678
fender1739
safeguard1780
velum1781
protector1839
firewall1907
baffle1913
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > harbour or port > [noun] > timber or guard on pier or dock wall
fender1739
1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 19 The Use of these Fenders..was to secure the Works from the Approach of Barges.
1838 F. W. Simms Public Wks. Great Brit. ii. 7 The wing walls..of the lock are defended by detached guards or fenders of timber.
1856 in S. C. Brees Terms & Rules Archit.
1892 Daily News 27 Oct. 2/6 The wheel of his van struck a fender immediately outside some hoarding.
d. In various other technical uses (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Fender, an attachment to a cultivator-plow to keep clods from rolling on to the young corn. [Also,] A rub-plate on the bed of a wagon or carriage to take the rub of the wheel when the vehicle is turning short.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 331/1 Fender, a screen against a carriage or car-step to keep dirt or mud from being thrown upon it by the wheels. A fender board.
e. See quot. 1894 Cf. fence n. 4c.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > types of deer > [noun] > genus Alces (elk or moose) > parts of
fender1894
shovel1908
1894 M. Grant in Cent. Mag. 47 352/2 The double fenders or brow-antlers [of the moose] do the most damage.
f. A mudguard over a wheel of a motor vehicle. North American.
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society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > body or bodywork > bumper
bumper bar1862
fender1919
bumper1959
1919 S. Lewis Free Air 103 Claire..had enjoyed the sight of their duffle-bags stuck up between the sleek fenders and the hood.
1928 Punch 25 Apr. p. xxx/3 (advt.) Fender guards to match for rear.
1932 E. Wilson Devil take Hindmost viii. 47 A thousand-ton electric shear..reduces chassis, springs, wheels, fenders and all to a junk fodder of iron spines.
1960 Times 14 Sept. 12/6 When we hired a car in California we found that a car..bristles with surprises. You scrape the fender.
1963 H. Garner in R. Weaver Canad. Short Stories (1968) 2nd Ser. 41 There was no sign of a flat tire, but its left front fender was loose.
3.
a. A metal frame placed in front of a fire to keep falling coals from rolling out into the room.
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the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > fender or fire-guard
fender1688
fireguard1785
firewire1805
guard1845
fire screen1849
1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. Fender.
1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 24 Dec. (1948) I. 139 Only a mouse within the fender to warm himself.
1767 D. P. Layard in Philos. Trans. 1766 (Royal Soc.) 56 17 An iron fender.
1834 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 11 She actually borrowed one of the brass fenders.
1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations II. xi. 185 Sitting with our feet upon the fender.
b. A fireguard. ? U.S.
ΚΠ
1875 in E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II.
Categories »
c. Building. ‘A dwarf wall in the basement of a house, built up to carry the front hearth of a fireplace’ (Gwilt).
4. A sluice-gate. Sometimes applied to the whole sluice.
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the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice
hatchOE
clowa1250
lock1261
water lock1261
sluice1340
water gate1390
sewer-gate1402
spay1415
floodgatec1440
shuttlec1440
spayer1450
gate1496
falling gate1524
spoye1528
gote1531
penstock1542
ventil1570
drawgate1587
flood-hatch1587
turnpike1623
slaker1664
lock gate1677
hatchway1705
flash1768
turnpike-lock1771
sluice-gate1781
pound-lock1783
stop-gate1790
buck gate1791
slacker1797
aboiteau1802
koker1814
guard-lock1815
falling sluice1819
lasher1840
fender1847
tailgate1875
weir-hatch1875
wicket1875
1847 C. G. Addison Treat. Law Contracts (1883) ii. i. §i. 248 A sliding fender used to prevent the escape of water from a mill-stream.
1868 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench 3 289 In that part of the dam..is placed a fender, or set of fenders.
1884 Daily News 23 July 5/2 The paddler of a canoe got sucked under a fender into a swift stream.
5. A device made of rushes, leaves, or plaited paper, with which seals were sometimes encircled to secure them from injury.
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society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > sealing > [noun] > protection for seal
fender1864
1864 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 3) xxiv. §1. 399 ‘Fenders’ of this kind have been found attached to seals as early as 1380.
1891 J. P. Earwaker in Proc. Soc. Antiq. 19 Feb. 255 The seal is..protected by a twisted rush fender.
6. (See quot. 1682) ? Obsolete.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun]
teanela700
windlec725
spertc975
kipec1000
leapc1000
willyc1000
basketa1300
coopa1300
hoppera1300
ripc1300
skepc1340
coffinc1380
criba1387
skippetc1450
corfc1483
wisket1542
prickle1543
cleave1577
serpet1615
wicker1646
bascaud1647
shapeta1657
fender1682
canister1697
kist1724
calathus1753
voider1788
wick1802
skip1816
maeshie1822
1682 J. Collins Salt & Fishery 14 [Crude sea-salt is] carried in wicker Baskets or Fenders to Brine Wells.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
fender-maker n.
ΚΠ
1891 Daily News 26 Jan. 2/5 The season has been a busy one for fender and fire-iron makers.
C2.
fender-beam n. (a) (see quot. 1874); (b) = fender-stop n.
ΚΠ
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Fender-beam 1. The horizontal beam into which the posts of a saw-mill gate are framed at top. 2. The inclined advance piece of an ice-breaker. 3. A beam suspended over a vessel's side to ward off ice and preserve the planking and sheathing of the vessel.
fender-bender n. slang (chiefly U.S.) a (usually minor) motor accident.
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society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > vehicular traffic > [noun] > collision or accident > minor
fender-bender1966
1966 Time 14 Oct. 39/2 To the TV reporter, his producer is a man who dotes on ‘fender-bender footage’: auto crashes, fires, demonstrations, fights.
1975 Guardian Weekly 16 Nov. 20 It would be hard to top the hassle of a Moscow fender-bender.
1981 Plate & Darvi Secret Police i. 2 A fender-bender at a busy intersection.
fender-board n. (see sense 2d).
ΚΠ
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 331/1 Fender, a screen against a carriage or car-step to keep dirt or mud from being thrown upon it by the wheels. A fender board.
fender-bolt n. Nautical (a) (see quot. 1867); (b) a bolt by which a fender is attached to a ship, etc.
ΚΠ
1678 A. Littleton Linguæ Latinæ Liber Dictionarius (at cited word) Fender-bolts.
1780 Falconer's Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) at Bolt Fender-bolts..driven into the wales, stem, or sides of..small vessels..to defend their timber-work.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Fender Bolts.
fender-pile n. = 2c.
ΚΠ
1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 36 The Fender-piles which guarded the North-point of this Pier.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §224 Fixing the Fender Piles on the east side of the rock.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Fender-piles.
fender-post n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Fender-post, one of the guiding stanchions of a saw~gate.
fender-stool n. a kind of long footstool usually placed close to the fender.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > support or rest > [noun] > for feet > specific types
fender-stool1870
gout-stool1886
1870 R. Broughton Red as Rose I. 260 Let me put you down in the raffle for a fender-stool.
fender-stop n. (see quot.).
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society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > buffer
buffer1835
stop-block1853
fender-stop1856
buffer-stop1878
stop-buffer1881
buffer-block1889
buffer-bank1900
bumping post1952
1856 S. C. Brees Terms & Rules Archit. Fender Stop, the beams fixed at the extremity of a line of rails..to stop the carriages and prevent their running off.
fender wall n. = 3c.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > wall of building > [noun] > other specific types of wall
firewall?1666
truss-partition1823
bearing wall1833
sleeper wall1845
curtain wall1859
fender wall1894
cavity wall1910
apron wall1934
storage wall1945
spine wall1949
curtain walling1958
sleeper walling1971
Trombe1978
1894 J. P. Allen Pract. Building Constr. ii. 28 Fender walls are those built round fireplaces to carry the hearth~stones and take the ends of the joists, which would otherwise have to be trimmed.
1924 W. M. F. Petrie Relig. Life Anc. Egypt 124 Successive coatings of wall, and fender walls before the doorway.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
fenderv.
/ˈfɛndə/, U.S. /ˈfɛndər/ To provide with a fender or fenders.
ΚΠ
1895 N.E.D. at Fender Mod. (techn.), Specifications for fendering the river banks.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.a1400v.1895