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单词 fake
释义

faken.1

Brit. /feɪk/, U.S. /feɪk/
Forms: Also 1600s, 1800s fack.
Etymology: Of obscure origin; compare fake v.1The Middle High German vach had the sense ‘fold’ in addition to those of ‘appointed place, portion of space or time, compartment’; if a similar sense belonged to the etymological equivalents Old English fæc (recorded in sense ‘space of time’), Middle Dutch vak (enclosure, partition), the word might come from either source. If it be identical with the Scots faik n. fold, a native origin seems probable.
Nautical.
(See quot. 1867.)
ΚΠ
1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. vii. 30 Lay it [sc. Cable] vp in a round Ring, or fake, one aboue another.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 163/2 How many Facks is in the Rope?
1730 W. Wriglesworth MS. Log-bk. of ‘Lyell’ 14 Oct. Hauled up the Small Bower and Sheet Cables and Coiled them down again in shorter fakes.
1810 J. Dessiou Moore's New Pract. Navigator (ed. 18) 274 Fack or Fake.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Fake, one of the circles or windings of a cable or hawser, as it lies disposed in a coil.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

faken.2adj.

Brit. /feɪk/, U.S. /feɪk/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: fake v.2
Etymology: < fake v.2
Originally slang, and chiefly colloquial until the mid 20th cent.
A. n.2
1.
a. In earliest use: an activity or action, typically one characterized by dishonesty or deception. Later (from the mid to late 19th century) usually more specifically: a stratagem, a trick, a dodge; a method of swindling, a con; an act of tampering with or falsifying something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > a wile or cunning device
wrenchc888
craftOE
turnc1225
ginc1275
play?a1300
enginec1300
wrenkc1325
forsetc1330
sleightc1340
knackc1369
cautel138.
subtletya1393
wilea1400
tramc1400
wrinkle1402
artc1405
policy?1406
subtilityc1410
subtiltyc1440
jeopardy1487
jouk1513
pawka1522
frask1524
false point?1528
conveyance1534
compass1540
fineness1546
far-fetch?a1562
stratagem1561
finesse1562
entrapping1564
convoyance1578
lift1592
imagine1594
agitation1600
subtleship1614
artifice1620
navation1628
wimple1638
rig1640
lapwing stratagem1676
feint1679
undercraft1691
fly-flap1726
management1736
fakement1811
old tricka1822
fake1829
trickeration1940
swiftie1945
shrewdie1961
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > [noun] > a trick, deception
wrenchc888
swikec893
braida1000
craftOE
wile1154
crookc1175
trokingc1175
guile?c1225
hocket1276
blink1303
errorc1320
guileryc1330
sleightc1340
knackc1369
deceitc1380
japec1380
gaudc1386
syllogism1387
mazec1390
mowa1393
train?a1400
trantc1400
abusionc1405
creekc1405
trickc1412
trayc1430
lirtc1440
quaint?a1450
touch1481
pawka1522
false point?1528
practice1533
crink1534
flim-flamc1538
bobc1540
fetcha1547
abuse1551
block1553
wrinklec1555
far-fetch?a1562
blirre1570
slampant1577
ruse1581
forgery1582
crank1588
plait1589
crossbite1591
cozenage1592
lock1598
quiblin1605
foist1607
junt1608
firk1611
overreach?1615
fob1622
ludification1623
knick-knacka1625
flam1632
dodge1638
gimcrack1639
fourbe1654
juggle1664
strategy1672
jilt1683
disingenuity1691
fun1699
jugglementa1708
spring1753
shavie1767
rig?1775
deception1794
Yorkshire bite1795
fakement1811
fake1829
practical1833
deceptivity1843
tread-behind1844
fly1861
schlenter1864
Sinonism1864
racket1869
have1885
ficelle1890
wheeze1903
fast one1912
roughie1914
spun-yarn trick1916
fastie1931
phoney baloney1933
fake-out1955
okey-doke1964
mind-fuck1971
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > false assertion > [noun] > faked report
fake1829
1829 W. Maginn Noctes Ambrosianæ in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 133 With..the fogle-hunters doing. Their morning fake in the prigging lay.
1847 Bell's Life in London 4 July 7/4 He meant to..come, if required, the prolonging ‘fake’, to tire, weaken, and harrass his adversary.
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 352/2 I tried the same caper; but my pal cut with the gold ring the first day, and I've never had another go at that fake since.
1877 Inter Ocean (Chicago) 28 Mar. 8/4 Two of the same four, were taken to the Armory for swindling L. A. Parker..out of $30 by means of the same old game, the snide jewelry ‘fake’.
1887 Financial News 24 Mar. 1/4 D..is generally regarded as the father of the testimonial fake.
1922 Sat. Evening Post 23 Sept. 97/2 Have you seen what he's giving you for your hard-earned money..? It's laundry soap, that's what it is! It's a fake, all a fake!
1954 Daily Mail 8 May 3/4 (headline) Forger tries traveller's cheque fake.
2019 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 25 Mar. 9 The sheer fact that a victim has been strung along by someone they thought was a future husband and discover it was all a fake.
b. Sport (originally and chiefly U.S.). An act of faking or feinting to deceive one's opponent; a feint. Cf. fake v.2 8.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > American football > [noun] > actions or manoeuvres
rush1857
punt-out1861
goal-kicking1871
safety1879
safety touchdown1879
scrimmage1880
rushing1882
safety touch1884
touchback1884
forward pass1890
run1890
blocking1891
signal1891
fake1893
onside kick1895
tandem-play1895
pass play1896
spiral1896
shift1901
end run1902
straight-arm1903
quarterback sneak1904
runback1905
roughing1906
Minnesota shift1910
quarterbacking1910
snap-back1910
pickoff1912
punt return1914
screen forward pass1915
screen pass1920
power play1921
sneak1921
passback1922
snap1922
defence1923
reverse1924
carry1927
lateral1927
stiff-arm1927
zone1927
zone defence1927
submarine charge1928
squib1929
block1931
pass rushing1933
safetying1933
trap play1933
end-around1934
straight-arming1934
trap1935
mousetrap1936
buttonhook1938
blitzing1940
hand-off1940
pitchout1946
slant1947
strike1947
draw play1948
shovel pass1948
bootleg1949
option1950
red dog1950
red-dogging1951
rollout1951
submarine1952
sleeper pass1954
draw1956
bomb1960
swing pass1960
pass rush1962
blitz1963
spearing1964
onsides kick1965
takeaway1967
quarterback sack1968
smash-mouth1968
veer1968
turn-over1969
bump-and-run1970
scramble1971
sack1972
nose tackle1975
nickel1979
pressure1981
1893 Outing Mar. 112/2 The tackle wedge in which Upton made his long run in the Yale-Harvard game was a ‘fake’. Instead of sending a half-back into the little wedge the ball was given to Upton, the tackle on the other wing.
1924 Washington Post 19 Oct. (Sports section) 2/5 As the ball was passed he faked a play to Wood... The brilliant fake worked to perfection.
1952 F. Anderson Basketball Techniques Illustr. viii. 53 It is not practical to use many fakes..on your opponent unless you are close enough to him to make him respond.
1976 C. Brackenridge Women's Lacrosse i. 12 Whenever possible, you and your team should use fakes.
2018 Sunday Telegram (Worcester, Mass.) (Nexis) 4 Feb. Pitchers backed off the rubber 10 times, batters stepped out eight times. There were three fakes to second base.
2.
a. A person who engages in deception; a fraud, a charlatan; a trickster; an impostor.In early use also occasionally simply: a criminal (see e.g. quots. 1855, 1885).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > [noun] > one who or that which dissembles
feigner1382
pseudo1402
simular1526
simuler1534
colourer1554
counterfeiter1561
truphane1568
counterfeit1574
put-forth1581
pretender1583
impostor1586
idol1590
would-be1607
phantasm1622
farce1696
imposture1699
Barmecide1713
simulator1835
fraud1850
sham1850
fake1855
swindle1858
shammer1861
make-believe1863
hoax1869
economizer1874
make-believer1884
ringer1896
phoney1902
faker1910
shill1976
1855 Christian Times 11 Apr. 237/3 The next person who addressed the meeting was described as an ‘Old fake’. He had been, he said, ‘a thief from his earliest childhood’.
1882 Daily Arkansas Gaz. (Little Rock, Arkansas) 27 Sept. It is said that the score or so of other mutual ‘fakes’ will put up what they have taken from widows and dupes to put the ‘Pawnee’ on its legs again.
1885 M. Davitt Leaves from Prison Diary xii. 83 They are always taken in hand by the old ‘faikes’ (old experienced criminals), trained in all the ways of theft, and fixed for life in a circle of reproductive crime.
1888 Weekly Nebraska State Jrnl. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 13 July 5/3 The Roman that you ask of, merely is a Grand Old Fake. He has never seen a toga, he has never seen a shield.
1927 C. Wells Where's Emily? xiv. 237 This Swami is a heathen fake, who has come into this community here and bamboozled most of the women and some of the men into thinking he is a real priest.
1991 Washington Post 11 June b3/2 One [woman], an astronomer—actually, she's a fake; she's really only the secretary in the astronomy department—starts trying to tell him about physics.
2015 Washington Post (Nexis) 17 Dec. c4 When Morton considers the mediums of the late 19th and early 20th centuries..she emphasizes that nearly all of them were ultimately proved to be fakes and charlatans.
b. U.S. A mediocre or incompetent actor; a ham. Obsolete or merged in senses A. 2a, A. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > actor > [noun] > actor by manner of performance
tear-mouth1616
tear-throat1620
spouter1750
stick1801
gagger1871
facialist1877
fake1880
hamfatter1880
ham1882
mugger1892
ham-bone1893
upstager1933
rhubarber1953
1880 National Police Gaz. (U.S.) 8 May 14/3 She used to walk the curbstone up in Amity street, and..the old fake got struck on her.
1884 National Police Gaz. (U.S.) 11 Oct. 3/1 (heading) The old hen's dizzy girls, scene-chewing fakes and tart comedians of the day.
c. A person who behaves in a manner contrary to his or her true feelings or nature; an insincere, pretentious, or affected person; a hypocrite, a poseur, a phoney.
ΚΠ
1927 F. Lonsdale The Fake iii. ii. 59 If you stood at this moment to be judged by these..people, you would have earned from them that which I can only ever feel for you—everlasting contempt…you Fake!
1934 N.Y. Amsterdam News 19 Mar. 9/1 I hate fakes and phonies and members of the ultra-intelligentsia who represent depravity as their art in order to flaunt and justify unnatural behavior.
1950 Times of India 24 Mar. 8/1 A so-called man-of-honour with no scruples whatsoever, a complete fake.
2013 C. J. Carmichael Big Sky Christmas vi. 83 Every time she'd smiled, she had felt like such a fake.
3.
a. A soft-soldering fluid used to make or repair jewellery. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > imitating something else
fake1877
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials used in metallurgical processes > [noun] > other metallurgical materials
fixes1594
spalt1668
slacken1670
thickening1872
cementa1877
fake1877
salt bath1913
inoculant1931
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > [noun] > something false or forged > material used in
smouch1785
fake1877
tinned air1913
1877 G. E. Gee Pract. Gold-worker x. 140 This fluid [sc. soft-soldering fluid]..bears various names in the different workshops, such as ‘monkey’, ‘fake’, &c.
b. slang. Milk made from condensed milk and water, and sold as normal milk. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1877 Daily News 6 Dec. 2/6 Prisoner: Oh yes; 64 quarts of water to four quarts of [condensed] milk; that is what we call the ‘fake’.
1887 Daily Tel. 14 July 3/1 Swiss and German manufacturers are circularising London with respect to what is known as ‘unsweetened condensed [milk]’, from which is compounded a certain decoction termed ‘fake’.
c. A mixture of waxes or similar substances used to impart a finish to shoes or other leather items. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1892 Work 14 May 141/1 You will not be able to buy fake, as it is not sold ready for use, but it is made in the following way: Take two hard heelballs [etc.].
1922 Harness Herald Oct. 24/2 Equal parts of white wax and bees wax mixed with turpentine makes an excellent fake for brown bottoms or fiddle waists.
1934 W. D. John Mod. Shoe Dressings vi. 86 Beeswax..is the best known of all the waxes..: its price is high, but large quantities are still used in producing the best grade of fakes.
1991 Gloss. Terms relating to Footwear (U.S. Bureau of Indian Standards) 11/2 Fakes, water emulsified waxes to produce oil-in-water dispersions which may be of a thin creamy nature or in the form of thick paste.
4. slang. With modifying word. A business, a matter. Cf. do n.1 1c. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1879 Judy 2 Apr. 148/2 It air a rum fake, an' no bloomin' erra.
1884 Moonshine 20 Sept. 149/1 [He] whistled, pitched some pebbles in the mud, and finally breaking out into a laugh, said: ‘Guv'nor, queer fake, ain't it?’
5. An object intended for use in a particular manner indicated by the context; a contraption, a gadget; (in later use chiefly) an item used by a conjuror to perform a particular trick or tricks; = feke n. Cf. fakement n. 1.Originally apparently without specific implication of dishonesty or deception, but in later use not always easily distinguished from sense A. 6.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > legerdemain, etc. > [noun] > juggler or conjurer > other accessories
bumleaf1584
servante1872
fake1882
feke1901
1882 Sporting Times 19 Aug. 5/3 The corps-de-ballet its way betakes, And each member carries across the water That mysterious hand-bag which holds her ‘fakes’.
1886 Dart & Midland Figaro 20 June 10/1 Have a waxwork by all means. But how can you get up a show without dresses, wigs, properties and fakes?
1889 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang I. 351/2 Fake,..in conjuring, any mechanical contrivance for the performance of a trick.
1899 C. Rook Hooligan Nights 61 ‘D'you mind puttin' one of these in the fake?’ said young Alf. The coin was put through the tester and came out intact.
1909 D. Holmes Some Mod. Conjuring 35 This surprising effect is accomplished by the use of two mechanical stands, two little ‘fakes’, two bottomless tumblers, and four unprepared silk handkerchiefs, two of' each color.
1931 J. C. Cannell Secrets of Houdini v. 141 The magician was then grasping some useful fake in his hands... Sometimes it was only a piece of wire, yet of great use to him when the doctors had retired and he was left alone to work out his own escape.
1995 H. Baron Magic for Beginners 2 vi. 64 You will require a special fake for this trick, but it is easily made by drilling a small hole near the edge of a coin.
6. Originally U.S. Something which has been faked; esp. something which has been counterfeited or forged, or which has been fraudulently modified in order to give it the appearance of something else; a forgery.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > [noun] > something false or forged
falsehood1340
counterfeiture1548
forgery1574
bastard1581
man of straw1599
counterfeit1613
imitationa1616
mock1646
pasteboard1648
sophistication1664
imposture1699
fraud1725
sham1728
adulteration1756
falsity1780
duff1781
shim-sham1797
shammy1822
Hodge-razor1843
pinchbeck1847
shice1859
cook-up1865
postiche1876
fakery1880
fake1883
bogosity1893
spuriosity1894
dud1897
cluck1904
rake-up1957
bodgie1988
1883 Index (Boston) 26 Apr. 508/3 I gave Patterson an order to make me a lot of zebras out of mules [for a sideshow]... He turned them out so well, you would never dream that they were fakes.
1890 Stamp News 1 Nov. 296/1 Benjamin & Sarpy, Dealers in all kinds of Fac-similes, Faked Surcharges, and Fiscal Postals... Fakes of all descriptions supplied on the shortest notice.
1893 Electricity 9 Aug. 38/3 There are many electrical appliances and belts that are fakes, from which no current can be obtained.
1903 Westm. Gaz. 19 Mar. 4/3 To prove..that several ‘old masters’..are also ‘fakes’, and were ‘pot-boiled’ in Montmartre.
1973 Listener 10 May 605/3 Man..was not put together from the cranium of one primate and the jaw of another—that misconception..only makes a fake like the Piltdown skull.
2000 Cape Times 19 July i. 4/7 The growing concern about Van Gogh fakes has spawned a cottage industry of authenticators.
2018 Bradford Tel. & Argus (Nexis) 28 Sept. Elsie's father, a keen amateur photographer who developed the prints, never doubted they were fakes.
B. adj.
1. Counterfeit, imitation, falsified, simulated, spurious; not genuine; bogus, phoney. Of a person: claiming to be, or masquerading or posing as, something that one is not. Also: intended to deceive; relating to or associated with the act of faking something.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > [adjective]
counterfeitedc1385
counterfeitc1386
trothlessa1393
bastard1397
forged1484
apocryphate1486
adulterate?a1509
mockisha1513
sophisticate1531
adulterine1542
adulterous1547
mock1548
forbate1558
coined1582
firking1594
feigned1598
adulterated1610
apocryphal1612
spurious1615
usurpeda1616
impostured1619
mock-madea1625
suppository1641
affictitious1656
pasteboard1659
sophisticated1673
flam1678
Brummagem1679
sham1681
belieda1718
fictitious1739
Birmingham1785
pinchbeck1790
brummish1803
Brum1805
flash1812
spurious1830
bogus1839
imitative1839
dummy1846
doctored1853
postiche1854
pseudo1854
Brummagemish1855
snide1859
inauthentic1860
fake1879
bum1884
Brummie1886
tin1886
filled1887
duff1889
faked1890
shicec1890
margarine1891
dud1904
Potemkin village1904
mocked-up1919
phoney baloney1936
four-flushing1942
bodgie1956
moody1958
disauthentic1960
bodgied1988
bodgied-up1988
1879 Sporting Times 11 Jan. 2/1 Blatant vice in corduroy and fustian, in cotton-backed velvet and fake-sealskin, drinks gin at the same bar with more blatant virtue in broad-cloth and square-toed highlows.
1884 N.Y. Times 16 Dec. 4/6 He is remonstrated with by a ‘trick’ usher and expelled by a ‘fake’ policeman.
1886 Times (Philadelphia) 8 Aug. 12/5 The sporting kids and students..no longer take any stock in ‘fake’ fights.
1892 Boston Daily Globe 19 Nov. 1/6 Lake gains 80 yards on a fake kick.
1901 Publishers' Weekly 30 Mar. 898/1 If the publishers can sell the book for 60 cents one month, what reason can they offer for charging 90 cents for the same book a few weeks later? I consider it a ‘fake’ method of doing business.
1920 Glasgow Herald 17 Nov. 9 Fake whisky..the symptoms following consumption are similar to those of gastric poisoning.
1976 E. Fromm To have or to Be? (1979) i. ii. 44 They do not learn to discover whether the authors are authentic or fake.
1984 E. Feinstein Border (1985) ii. 21 I learnt to smile from my mother. A fake sweetness in my case.
2000 Dendrochronology (English Heritage) 17/1 Dendrochronology can be used to detect fake or misattributed works of art.
2018 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 25 Sept. a3 [He] is a citizen of China and entered the U.S. in the late 1990s using a fake passport.
2. Music. Designating a fingering which differs from the standard fingering used to produce a particular note on a wind instrument, but produces approximately the same pitch.Such fingerings may be resorted to when the note is played at a point in a passage where the standard fingering is difficult to use; they may also be used deliberately when the slightly different note produced is wanted for a particular purpose, e.g. because of its distinctive timbre.
ΚΠ
1920 Flutist June 142/2 To begin a difficult trill with ‘fake’ or trill fingering magnifies the discrepancy in pitch in one or both of the notes of the trill to such an extent that [etc.].
1958 W. G. Spencer Art of Bassoon Playing iv. 60/2 In some cases where no alternate fingering is possible, an auxiliary fingering may have to be used. These auxiliary fingerings are sometimes called ‘fake’ or ‘false’ fingerings.
2013 J. Leclair Oboe Secrets v. 93 Once in a while I encounter an oboist who relies frequently on fake fingerings.
3. Of a person: given to simulating emotions, reactions, etc.; insincere, hypocritical, affected. Also of actions, behaviour, etc., considered characteristic of such a person. Usually in predicative use.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > lack of principle or integrity > [adjective] > disingenuous or insincere
unwholea1352
unsincere1577
insincere1634
uningenious1638
uningenuous1638
disingenuous1648
disingenious1661
uncandid1771
fake1942
1942 Commonweal 18 Dec. 235/2 I once heard a man on a Fifth Avenue bus telling a friend about a girl: ‘She's fake, she's pseudo, she's false. In fact I sometimes wonder if she's real.’
1967 Berkshire Eagle (Pittsfield, Mass.) 10 May 31/4 I saw these sweet little girls..being very forward, and being very fake and phony.
1990 F. L. Gross Searching for God iii. 20 There was nothing fake or hypocritical in your rattling off the formulas of your childhood, but to do that now might seem very fake indeed.
2013 C. Tsiolkas Barracuda (2014) 152 Can I please get you a drink? She was trying too hard, being fake.

Compounds

C1.
fake book n. originally and chiefly Jazz a book of music containing the basic chord sequences or melodies for particular songs, intended to help a performer to learn each song quickly, esp. as a precursor to being able to improvise upon it.
ΚΠ
1950 Billboard 9 Dec. 10/5 Similar cases involving the preparation and sale of illegal ‘fake books’, containing choruses of standards, have also been largely stamped out.
1965 New Yorker 2 Jan. 46/2 Bring that fake book, please, in case they ask me to play something I recorded forty years ago. Everybody but me remembers those tunes.
2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 21 Aug. 24/2 Shaiman calls Midler ‘the Margaret Mead of popular music’. Together, they stayed up all hours..singing through old sheet music and fake books.
fake fur n. material which is designed to resemble animal fur in appearance and texture.The use in quot. 1890, referring to the fur of certain varieties of animal when used as a cheap imitation of more expensive types of fur, is otherwise unattested and appears not to represent a fixed collocation.
ΚΠ
1890 Boston Weekly Globe 21 Oct. 1/4 Cape or wool seal is one of the fake furs.]
1948 Vogue 15 Aug. 114 New ideas for separates come in felt, fake fur, velveteen, brocade.
1986 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 9 Nov. x. 6/1 Fuzzy fake fur boleros in ice cream colors of pistachio, cerise, banana and strawberry sell for $80.
2002 E. Wooff Mud Puppy vi. 47 Pink plastic electric guitar on the wall above the fireplace. Even the cat's scratching post is trimmed with pink fake fur.
fake news n. originally U.S. news that conveys or incorporates false, fabricated, or deliberately misleading information, or that is characterized as or accused of doing so.The term was widely popularized during and after the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, and since then has been used in two main ways: to refer to inaccurate stories circulated on social media and the internet, esp. ones which serve a particular political or ideological purpose; or to seek to discredit media reports regarded as partisan or untrustworthy.Some earlier evidence may not represent a fixed collocation, although the practice of ‘faking’ news stories was much discussed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (see fake v.2 7a).
ΚΠ
1890 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Jrnl. 7 Feb. That mine story is one of the greatest pieces of fake news that has been sprung on the country for a long time.
1917 Railway & Marine News May 9/2 Fake news of the most dangerous character is already being published in the yellow journals.
2010 Sunday Times (Nexis) 6 June (Scotland ed.) 30 The [Chinese] government denounced the story as ‘fake news’ and punished four newspapers for reporting it.
2016 Postmedia Breaking News (Nexis) 4 Nov. The scourge of the U.S. election: Fake news, exploding on social media, is seeping into the mainstream... If cable-news channels such as Fox News and MSNBC revived an era of overtly partisan political coverage, producers of so-called fake news have taken the trend to a new and distorted level, largely dispensing with facts in their zeal to generate money-making clicks and/or promote one political side.
2016 @realDonaldTrump 10 Dec. in twitter.com (accessed 28 June 2019) Reports by @CNN that I will be working on The Apprentice during my Presidency, even part time, are ridiculous & untrue—FAKE NEWS!
2019 Times (Nexis) 3 Apr. 22 (heading) Pupils will be taught how to spot fake news.
fake tan n. a lotion or cosmetic designed to give the skin a suntanned appearance (cf. self-tanner n.); the appearance achieved by use of this; an artificial suntan.
ΚΠ
1950 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 6 June 8/2 I can't use body make-up. I shampoo my hair every performance when I sing ‘I'm Gonna Wash That Man Right Outa My Hair’ and the water floats my fake tan away.
1996 Daily Tel. 12 June 19/6 This month's Maxim..contains articles on impotency and achieving the perfect fake tan.
2003 Diva Aug. 68/4 Patsy Palmer and her mate Charlotte Cutler have come up with Palmer Cutler's line of fake tans, moisturisers and exfoliants.
C2. Combining with adjectives to form adjectives with the sense ‘imitating or simulating (what is expressed by the second element)’. Cf. faux adj.
ΚΠ
1938 Smith's Weekly (Sydney) 10 Sept. 6/5 After the refined fake-English bleats of other speakers, the vigorous style and strong accent of ‘Uncle Scrim’ were found refreshing.
1971 U. K. Le Guin Lathe of Heaven (1973) x. 147 Fake-antique spinning wheels now becoming genuinely antique though still useless.
1981 C. Bly Lett. from Country i. 7 They turned the Ugly Duckling into a kind of black-face humor piece, even done with what were ominously close to fake-black accents.
2003 Vanity Fair Mar. 140 Ali G's gaudy fake-gritty persona is a satire of street cred as media schlockfest.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

fakev.1

Brit. /feɪk/, U.S. /feɪk/
Etymology: apparently < fake n.1, which, however, appears much later. Compare Scots faik v.1 to fold.
Nautical.
transitive. To lay (a rope) in fakes or coils; to coil.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [verb (transitive)] > specific rope
fake?a1400
coil1611
?a1400 Morte Arth. 742 Ffrekes one þe forestayne, fakene þeire coblez.
c1860 H. Stuart Novices or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 62 The chain cables and messengers are faked in the chain lockers.
1874 F. G. D. Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. viii. 237 But for subsequent shots the line may be faked on the beach.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

fakev.2

Brit. /feɪk/, U.S. /feɪk/
Forms: 1800s faik, 1800s– fake.
Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: feak v.2; feague v.
Etymology: Probably a variant of feak v.2 or feague v., with failure of raising of the vowel (and hence probably ultimately reflecting a borrowing from German, Low German, or Dutch: see further discussion at feague v.). Compare especially senses 2 and 3 at feague v., and also the variation between the forms ben-feaker and ben-faker that is shown by ben-feaker n. Currency of the form fake in early modern English is probably implied by both faker n. and the β. forms at ben-feaker n.
Originally cant, and chiefly colloquial until the mid 20th cent.
1.
a. transitive. To perform any (typically criminal or dishonest) operation upon (a person or thing); to ‘do’ (cf. do v. 16), to ‘do for’ (cf. to do for —— 2 at do v. Phrasal verbs 1). Also: to make (cf. to fake up 2 at Phrasal verbs). Now rare.In quot. 1810 apparently used to mean ‘kill’, but probably no more than a contextual use of a more general sense; cf. the range of meanings given in quots. 1819, 1887.The phrases ‘fake a screeve’ and ‘fake a screw’ in quot. 1819 may possibly illustrate sense 7b, but in both cases the specific intention to deceive is not clearly implied.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > false assertion > assert falsely [verb (transitive)] > devise unscrupulously
cook1636
sham1679
to cook up1686
to trump upa1774
fake1810
1810 Sydney Gaz. 2 June One of the persons then said ‘here are fifty soldiers after us; we'll faik them as they pass;’ to which the other replied; ‘no, we'll take no life if we can help it.’
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) To fake any person or place, may signify to rob them; to fake a person, may also imply to shoot, wound, or cut; to fake a man out and out, is to kill him; a man who inflicts wounds upon, or otherwise disfigures, himself, for any sinister purpose, is said to have faked himself;..it also describes the doing any act, or the fabricating any thing..to fake a screeve, is to write any letter, or other paper; to fake a screw, is to shape out a skeleton or false key, for the purpose of screwing a particular place; [etc.].
1873 Cambr. City (Indiana) Tribune 9 Oct. A Crawfordsville boy, in telling how he kissed his sweetheart in the dark, said he ‘doused the glim, and faked a smack’.
1884 A. Pinkerton Thirty Years a Detective 96 When the thief has properly ‘faked’ the room, as he calls it—that is, ‘fixed’ it for his entrance in the evening, the hole is already bored in its proper place.
1885 Sat. Rev. 24 Jan. 101/2 Not even by faking tin perambulators, wire puzzles,..and so forth, ready-made out of another cove's swag, could the speaker any longer make an honest livelihood.
1887 A. Barrère Argot & Slang 247/1 Maquiller (thieves' [slang]), to do, ‘to fake’... The word ‘maquiller’ has as many different meanings as the corresponding term ‘to fake’.
1941 K. Tennant Battlers xxviii. 309 The camps at Boswell were full of people who ‘faked’ or ‘dropped’ small articles: artificial flowers.., brooches made of feathers, patent polishing powder—anything and everything to bring in ready money.
b. transitive. To cobble together, patch up; = to fake up 2 at Phrasal verbs. Now rare or merged in sense 7b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > construct > patch together
patcha1529
to shuffle up1532
rash1570
bepiece1578
cobble1589
consarcinate1610
to clap upa1616
clap1649
to knock up1683
patchwork1856
to fadge up1863
to knock together1874
fake1879
the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > be unskilled in [verb (transitive)] > put together clumsily or unskilfully
cloutc1380
patcha1529
clamper1545
botch1561
clumper1586
cobble1589
to stitch up1590
budge1732
fake1879
1879 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 21 July They [sc. clothes] were found to have been ‘faked’ from different parties.
1882 Atlantic (Iowa) Daily Tel. 2 Oct. They talk of their new plays, but there's nothing new in them; they're all ‘faked’ from old ones.
1922 Strand Mag. Mar. 219/2 She happened to lean a little too heavily on the bed (which was ‘faked’ from a number of ginger-beer crates).
1981 Hudson Rev. 34 134 What they can't admit is that art is over-rated: which artists, faking and fumbling it together out of spit and tooth-picks, should know best of all.
2. transitive. To steal (something); to steal from or pick (a pocket, purse, etc.). Also intransitive. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (intransitive)]
stealc725
thievec920
bribec1405
pluck?a1425
prowl1546
strike1567
to make away with1691
fake1819
snam1824
snig1862
to help oneself1868
boost1912
score1914
snoop1924
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) To fake a cly is to pick a pocket.
1822 Benchiana iv. 66 The Captain's cly Was faked before each gazing eye.
1840 Satirist 3 May 143/1 Picking a pocket at cards or dice does not come so immediately under the observation of a police constable, as stealing a watch, or ‘faking’ a purse.
1860 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth III. iv. 82 They molest not beggars, unless they fake to boot, and then they drown us out of hand.
1896 People 6 Sept. 10/3 Complainant..denied that..he was accused by a lady of picking her pocket, and further said that when called out he did not say he had ‘never faked a poke’ in his life.
1906 Dial. Notes 3 135 Fake,..to steal. ‘We fake eggs every night and then roast 'em.’
3. transitive. To cause pain to, to hurt. Also with up. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) If a man's shoe happens to pinch or gall his foot, he will complain that his shoe fakes his foot sadly.
a1903 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 503 [South Nottinghamshire] I got a splinter under my thumb-nail and it did fake me up for a bit.
4.
a. transitive. To tamper with or modify (something) for the purpose of deception, or for some other dishonest or illicit purpose; to doctor; to rig.Not always easily distinguished from sense 7b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > befool, cheat, dupe [verb (transitive)] > alter or manipulate something for the purpose of deception
cook1636
doctor1750
fake1819
rig1826
ready2004
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) To fake your slangs, is to cut your irons in order to escape from custody; to fake your pin, is to create a sore leg, or to cut it, as if accidentally..in hopes to obtain a discharge from the army or navy, to get into the doctor's list, &c.
1841 Satirist 4 Apr. 111/2 A waiter..discovered him ‘faking the broads’, id est, marking a pack of cards.
1909 London Munic. Accts. Jan. 15 They have faked the accounts by charging to the rates, instead of to the tramways, more than two-thirds of the cost of tramway widenings.
1919 Warwick (Queensland) Daily News 5 Sept. 7/2 The sides of the cards are faked in such a way that the dealer knows what cards he is dealing to other players.
1954 Daily Tel. (Sydney) 2 May 41/6 From his lofty aspirations it was a comedown to be charged with fraudulent conversion and faking the bank's books.
2013 Independent (Nexis) 11 Oct. 32 The guards responsible for observing Castro faked their logs, after failing to perform sufficient checks in the hours leading up to his death.
b. transitive. To injure or handicap (a person or animal), esp. in regard to ability to win a race, by the administration of a drug or the like; to nobble. Also in extended use. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1846 Bell's Life in London 3 May 6/4 On his return to the Cross Keys at Hednesford he was very ill from the severe punishment he had received, and it was generally thought he had been ‘faked’.
1847 Era 8 Aug. 6/1 In order to do away with the impression that the latter was faked by any one of his party, he (Akers) will run him the same distance, and give him fifteen yards.
1871 Sporting Gaz. 4 Feb. 67/2 To another member of the trotting school attached the credit of having ‘faked’ the horse's jockey.
1874 Birmingham Daily Post 2 Oct. 6/6 The prisoner complained that some one had ‘faked’ the engine.
c. transitive. To conceal the defects or enhance the appearance of (an animal), as by colouring or otherwise modifying hair or feathers; to modify (an animal's coat, etc.) in order to do this.
ΚΠ
1872 [implied in: ‘Stonehenge’ Dogs Brit. Islands (ed. 2) vi. 127 The practised eye can tell the ‘faked’ ears of bulldogs and fox-terriers as easily as we can discover wigs and such base artifices. (at faked adj.)].
1874 Sporting Gaz. 10 Oct. 948/3 Many dogs have had their ears ‘faked’, but we have pleasure in stating that in this show we have not detected many cases.
1876 Sporting Gaz. 23 Dec. 1256/2 Assuming the owner had faked the dog to cover a defect of age—grey hair—surely if it was necessary to expose the artifice, it was also indispensable that the test should [etc.].
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 2 July 10/2 This was a case of ‘faking’ a bird for exhibition.
1921 Dogdom May 132/2 It was pretty well believed that the dog had been faked whilst under the care or superintendence of a North of England fox terrier fancier.
1978 J. Wunderlich in L. Stromberg Exhibiting Poultry 43 He could not understand how these old birds looked so nice and the young birds looked so terrible... They had been faked.
2014 L. Begin-Kruysman Dog's Best Friend iv. 100 Those dogs whose appearance had been ‘faked’ through artificial means or had the color of their coats enhanced with dye were also not permitted to compete in the show ring.
d. transitive. To fix or rig (a contest, originally a boxing or wrestling match).
ΚΠ
1887 Atlanta (Georgia) Constit. 17 Nov. 5/3 The best evidence that the contests are not ‘faked’ is the fact that the employes about the show watch the act closely at every performance.
1901 Boston Daily Globe 19 Jan. 5/5 The report that he and McGovern faked their contest at New York.
1920 Our Navy (U.S.) Mar. 43/3 Jack was discharged from the Navy with an ‘undesirable’ discharge because he faked a bout—layed down to a rank beginner.
1956 Brownsville (Texas) Herald 5 Aug. 14 a/9 In the manner of a dishonest boxing promoter faking a fight for his own gain.
2011 Mirror (Nexis) 5 Feb. 7 All three players have previously denied all knowledge of spotfixing, in which specific parts of a match are faked for bookmakers.
5. transitive. Originally and chiefly U.S. To fool, hoax, or mislead (a person); to cheat, swindle, con. Now rare except as an extended use of sense 8b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > treat fraudulently, cheat [verb (transitive)]
deceivec1330
defraud1362
falsec1374
abuse?a1439
fraud1563
visure1570
cozen1583
coney-catch1592
to fetch in1592
cheat1597
sell1607
mountebanka1616
dabc1616
nigglea1625
to put it on1625
shuffle1627
cuckold1644
to put a cheat on1649
tonya1652
fourbe1654
imposturea1659
impose1662
slur1664
knap1665
to pass upon (also on)1673
snub1694
ferret1699
nab1706
shool1745
humbug1750
gag1777
gudgeon1787
kid1811
bronze1817
honeyfuggle1829
Yankee1837
middle1863
fuck1866
fake1867
skunk1867
dead-beat1888
gold-brick1893
slicker1897
screw1900
to play it1901
to do in1906
game1907
gaff1934
scalp1939
sucker1939
sheg1943
swizz1961
butt-fuck1979
1867 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 9 Mar. While ‘faking’, as they call it, or in other words, cheating their customer out of his money, they are out of sight of the public.
1879 Daily Arkansas Gaz. (Little Rock, Arkansas) 9 Dec. 8/5 They were arrested for ‘faking’ a man out of his overcoat.
1907 Boot & Shoe Recorder 13 Mar. 177/2 Tell them the truth. Do not get a customer to come to your store and find out that you have faked him.
1921 Sat. Evening Post 3 Dec. 90/2 Mr. Walsingham—just a minute, please—our man's phony. We've—I've—been faked.
1979 L. Block Burglar who liked to quote Kipling x. 97 He's a phony who faked me out of my socks.
6.
a. transitive. Theatre slang. To play (a part, scene, etc.); (sometimes) spec. to improvise. Cf. sense 7d. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > acting > act [verb (transitive)] > a part or character
playc1390
enact1430
representc1475
perform1598
personate1598
present1598
do1600
to bring (a person) on or to the stage1602
stage1602
support1693
impersonate1715
sustain1731
be1814
portray1875
fake1876
inact1900
1876 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 30 Jan. There are expressions..peculiar to the different crafts, such as the actors, ‘winging a part’, ‘faking a scene’, ‘flies’, etc.
1885 H. P. Grattan in The Stage 10 July A pair of shoes to fake the patchey (Anglice play the harlequin).
1890 St. Paul (Minnesota) Daily News 26 July 6/1 To ‘fake’ lines is to invent lines when the proper ones have been forgotten.
1923 N.Y. Times 9 Sept. vii. 2/1 Fake, to improvise speeches in place of forgotten ones.
b. transitive. Music slang (chiefly Jazz). To improvise (a melody, accompaniment, song, etc.); to perform in an improvisatory manner. Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > improvise or extemporize
extemporize1775
improvise1788
impromptu1802
fantasy1840
fake1895
ad-lib1910
busk1934
jam1935
noodle1937
1895 Jrnl. Pract. Med. (N.Y.) June 488/2 She [sc. a soprano with laryngitis] went on the stage and did very nicely, though she told me afterwards that she ‘faked’ whenever she could.
1901 Evening Democrat (Fort Madison, Iowa) 8 Feb. (advt.) Wanted.—Lady that can sing and fake organ.
1915 Christensen's Ragtime Rev. Sept. 18/2 When any very high-class music..is encountered in a vaudeville theater, the performer usually has a piano part so that the pianist will not be put to the task of attempting to invent or ‘fake’ an accompaniment to it.
1926 Melody Maker Jan. 20 In those days..the dance band was not studied by the orchestrator as it is now, and one had to ‘fake’ saxophone and banjo parts from those of such other instruments as were catered for in the score.
1933 Fortune Aug. 92/3 It is no exaggeration to say that his band of fourteen can fake (improvise) as adroitly as the early five-piece combinations.
1944 Spotlight Jan. 18 There was enough good music ‘faked’ in those days.
2010 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) (Nexis) 17 June (77 Square section) 16 If you didn't know a song, you basically had to get good at faking a song.
7. Originally U.S.
a. transitive. To concoct, fabricate, or elaborate (a news story or, occasionally, other piece of text).Sometimes referring to the rehashing of material from elsewhere (cf. sense 1b); in later use more usually referring to fabrication (and as such generally understood as simply a contextual use of sense 7b). The practice of ‘faking’ news stories was much discussed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, especially with reference to U.S. newspaper journalism.
ΚΠ
1883 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sunday Gaz. 30 Sept. 6/3 If Majilton gets a first rate piece with some snap and go about it, ‘faked’ or written for him..he may make some money.
1883 World (N.Y.) 31 Oct. 4/2 Nobody ever suspects the Herald of ‘faking’ news, and yet the thrilling and startling special entitled ‘A Vienna Tragedy’..was a clear case of bogus news-mongering in the first degree.
1886 Trenton (New Jersey) Times 23 Dec. The numerous alleged interviews printed in the Newark, New York and Jersey City papers were ‘faked’ out of the whole cloth by ambitious journalists.
1889 Trenton (New Jersey) Times 12 Sept. All the strained relations that are alleged to exist between the Governor and the General exist alone in the mind of the newspaper man who faked the story.
1913 W. G. Bleyer Newspaper Writing & Editing xiv. 354 The ‘cub’ [reporter] may..hear his humorous little feature story praised..by his superiors who know that it is largely imaginary..he may consciously or unconsciously decide that fiction makes better news than truth, and may proceed to write his stories accordingly. Encouraged by some other newspaper man's account of a similar exploit, he ‘fakes’ an interview when he fails to get one that has been assigned to him.
1922 Editor & Publisher 5 Aug. 20/2 Charging, by inference, that everyone faked the story of the fight of the woman detective of Best & Co. with a six-foot man on Fifth avenue.
2004 Mirror (Nexis) 26 Mar. 10 Ollie has faked every story he's ever written, including the Mafia series he's just filed.
b. transitive. To make (something) in imitation of something else, generally with the aim of misleading or defrauding someone; to counterfeit, falsify, forge; to fabricate (something false or non-existent).Apparently earliest found in theatrical slang, and thus perhaps an extended use of sense 6a, without any specific implication of an intention to deceive. Cf. also to fake up 3 at Phrasal verbs.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > forge, falsify [verb (transitive)]
forgec1330
counterfeitc1386
feign1484
flamc1500
adulterate?1526
mint1593
fashion1600
fudge1674
sham1699
doctor1750
fake1884
to fake up1885
phoney1940
bodgie1969
1884 N.Y. Times 19 Oct. 4/7 There is a way of ‘faking’ a wind machine in a country theatre that does not possess the genuine article.
1886 Kansas City (Missouri) Star 15 Jan. It was he who went to Burmah to buy, beg, steal or fake a white elephant. Now that it is all over, people can read in Davis's eye that the elephant was faked.
1898 J. Hollingshead Gaiety Chron. 179 His embroideries, to use theatrical slang, were ‘faked’. On a groundwork of white satinette he stencilled patterns, with brown ‘smudge’.
1914 S. Lewis Our Mr. Wrenn viii. 108 See how I've faked this figure? It isn't a real person at all.
1931 D. L. Sayers Five Red Herrings xxii. 248 I am supposed to have faked an alibi, suborned my friends and played merry hell generally.
1960 R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Continental Pottery & Porcelain 469/1 Tanagra figures have been much admired..and much faked.
1997 Total Film Sept. 112/5 The plan had been to fake gun damage to a windscreen with a catapult and a ball-bearing.
2015 J. Nelson I'll give you Sun (U.K. ed.) 243 So he faked the call and was pretend-talking to no one just to get away from me?
c. intransitive. To engage in deception, fraudulent fabrication, pretence, simulation, etc.
ΚΠ
1887 Maitland (New S. Wales) Mercury 7 May Sure the best reporters are those who know how to ‘fake’, if they only ‘fake’ artistically.
1893 Let. 26 Sept. in Docs. Assembly (N.Y. State) (1894) XVII. No. 89. 2111 If you say you are sick the doctor asks if you was ever sick with a belly full of beer, and gives you a report, one dollar, and says you are faking.
1908 Smart Set Sept. 39 I knew that..it had no curative power and I didn't want to be caught faking.
1915 W. D. Chandler in Supplementary Lect. Journalism 77 There was a time when reporters, good, bad and indifferent, used to fake. But only the bad and indifferent fake now.
2005 S. K. Shelton What comes after Crazy (2006) xxiii. 198 Are you really sleeping, or are you faking?
d. transitive. To pretend that one feels (an emotion), suffers from (a condition), or experiences (a sensation); to feign or simulate.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > pretend, simulate, feign [verb (transitive)]
mitheeOE
bipechec1000
huec1000
feigna1300
unlikena1382
counterfeitc1400
pretend1402
dissimulec1430
dissimule1483
simule?a1500
semble1530
counterfeit1534
dissemblea1538
suppose1566
countenance1590
mock1595
assume1604
to put on1625
assimulate1630
personate1631
to take on1645
simulate1652
forge1752
sham1775
possum1850
to turn on1865
fake1889
1889 Daily Morning Republican (Fresno, Calif.) 19 Nov. His wish was granted on condition that he would fake extreme illness.
1911 Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. 6 32 The idea of faking amnesia presented itself to him through a leading question put by the examining physicians.
1941 London Opinion Apr. 42/1 Faking an interest in the goods displayed.
1943 E. O'Neill Moon for Misbegotten iii. 148 I..hid my face in my hands and faked some sobs.
1987 C. Fisher Postcards from Edge 99 It would be hard for me to believe a woman could fake an orgasm with me.
2006 Play: N.Y. Times Sports Mag. June 68/3 Players who dive and fake injuries when someone sweats a little too close to them.
e. transitive. To stage or create a fraudulent representation of (an event).
ΚΠ
1889 Deseret Weekly (Salt Lake City, Utah Territory) 21 Sept. 390/1 Brodie says he swam Horseshoe Falls this morning and was picked up in the river below... Niagara Falls people believe that Brodie ‘faked’ the jump.
1905 Sunday Outlook (Georgetown, S. Carolina) 11 Nov. His death was faked in order that he might escape arrest.
1992 Washington Post 11 Jan. a17/1 Think of how entertaining it would be to have Stone ‘prove’ that..the moon landing was faked in a TV studio.
2014 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 23 Jan. 6 A woman who claimed no one came to her aid as a group of men tried to abduct her in daylight has been charged, with police claiming she faked the event.
8. Sport (originally and chiefly U.S.).
a. transitive. To feint (a pass, etc.) in order to deceive one's opponent. Also intransitive: to execute such a manoeuvre; to move in a particular direction while feinting a move in another direction (expressed by a complement).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > characteristics of team ball games > play team ball games [verb (transitive)] > actions or manoeuvres
pass1865
to throw in1867
work1868
centre1877
shoot1882
field1883
tackle1884
chip1889
feed1889
screen1906
fake1907
slap1912
to turn over1921
tip-in1958
to lay off1965
spill1975
1907 Fresno (Calif.) Morning Republican 17 Nov. 23/5 Collins faked a punt, passing the ball over the line to Morgan.
1915 Philadelphia Inquirer 19 Oct. 10/6 Two backs made a feint to one side of centre, and quarter-back, low behind his centre, faked a pass.
1933 F. C. Allen in Scholastic Coach Nov. 8/2 Just previous to his break to the front, he should fake to cut back behind his guard for the basket.
1974 State (Columbia, S. Carolina) 1 Apr. 4 b/2 Then Robertson, driving toward the foul line, faked past two defenders and sank a twisting, lunging jumper.
1999 G. Cox Dict. Sport i. 11/2 The quarter-back fakes a pass before handing off to the running back, who goes into the gap left by the defensive linemen.
2006 Times of India 28 June 29/2 The 29-year old Real Madrid forward faked right, then used his trademark stepover move to switch left.
b. transitive. To deceive (an opponent) with a feint; = to fake out 3a at Phrasal verbs. Also in extended use.
ΚΠ
1930 Vidette-Messenger (Valparaiso, Indiana) 29 Dec. 6/3 The Norsemen were repeatedly faked out of position by the Powellmen's speedy accurate passes.
1952 F. Anderson Basketball Techniques Illustr. viii. 53 Being able to fake the opponent out of position before you start to dribble..makes you a doubly effective offensive threat.
1972 Jet 16 Nov. 51/2 Robinson ran to second and I thought he was going to third but he faked me.
2009 R. J. Noyes & P. J. Robertson Guts in Clutch 97 Michael grabbed the ball, dribbled down the court, faked an opponent so completely that he fell onto the floor.., pulled up and launched a 20-foot, game-and-series-winning jumper.

Phrasal verbs

to fake away
slang. Obsolete.
intransitive. To continue with a particular (esp. criminal or dishonest) activity; to ply one's (dishonest) trade; to carry on. Frequently in imperative. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 172 Fake away, there's no down,..go on with your operations, there is no sign of any alarm or detection.
1834 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood II. iii. v. 344 Nix my doll palls, fake away.
1839 Charter 29 Dec. 772/4 He..found the student vigorously pulling the bell. He desired him to desist, when the student said ‘leave me alone; don't you know it's Christmas. I shall fake away as much as I like.’
?1845 J. Lindridge Life & Adventures Jack Rann xxx. 325 Cut it my covy, fake away.
1867 Galaxy Aug. 442 Jack Sheppard and his jolly pals who ‘fake away’ so obstreperously in the burden of the chorus and the pockets of the unwary.
1904 Marvel 12 Nov. 8/2 Now, my dolly pal, fake away!
to fake out
1. transitive. slang. To knock (a person) out; (also) to kill (a person). Originally more fully to fake out and out. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. (at cited word) To fake a man out and out, is to kill him.
1833 H. Smith Gale Middleton I. vii. 148 You..have faked him out and out with a single flip of your fib!
1833 H. Smith Gale Middleton I. vii. 151 Stow it, stow it, kiddies; the cove's not faked out. I heard him move!
2. transitive. colloquial. To array, rig out, deck out. Chiefly in passive. Obsolete.
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the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > invest with splendour > make gay or showy
gay1581
brave1590
surbrave1608
begay1648
to fake out1871
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > equip or outfit
frameOE
dightc1275
fayc1275
graith1297
attire1330
purveyc1330
shapec1330
apparel1366
harnessc1380
ordaina1387
addressa1393
array1393
pare1393
feata1400
point1449
reparel?c1450
provide1465
fortify1470
emparel1480
appoint1490
deck?15..
equip1523
trim1523
accoutre1533
furnish1548
accommodate1552
fraught1571
suit1572
to furnish up1573
to furnish out1577
rig1579
to set out1585
equipage1590
outreik1591
befit1598
to furnish forth1600
fita1616
to fit up1670
outrig1681
to fit out1722
mount?1775
outfit1798
habilitate1824
arm1860
to fake out1871
heel1873
1871 Bradford Observer 9 Mar. 6/2 That..is the reason you see me faked out in these here togs.
1880 Every Boy's Ann. 396/1 Thus faked out, I betook myself to the departure platform.
1882 Sporting Times 16 Sept. 3/4 I want Bumblekyte [sc. a horse] faked out Arabian nights' fashion, with a golden bit, and silver curb-chain, and jewelled bridle.
1907 Daily Mail 11 Feb. 6 Same old £5 model faked out with one or two modern improvements and marked fifteen quid.
3. Chiefly North American.
a. transitive. Sport. To deceive (an opponent) with a feint. [Perhaps originally short for or influenced by to fake out of position ; see sense 8b.]
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > American football > play American football [verb (transitive)] > actions to players
tackle1884
nail1888
block1889
quarterback1892
rough1904
rush1913
to fake out1931
straight-arm1934
submarine1941
red-dog1950
clothesline1959
spear1964
sack1969
1931 Vidette-Messenger (Valparaiso, Indiana) 6 Mar. 8/4 Bauer taking advantage of an opening to dribble under, fake out his guard a[n]d score.
1949 F. W. Leahy Notre Dame Football 69 If they are blocked out, they will react faster because they know where the play is going, but if they are faked out they are lost temporarily.
2007 Miami Herald (Nexis) 25 Mar. d18 Dowd walked in on Belfour, faked him out and scored.
b. transitive. More generally: to fool or mislead (a person); to make a fool of.
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1956 Amer. Speech 31 228 Someone who gets into the traffic pattern before you, or taxies in front of you, has ‘faked you out’, or ‘beaten you to the draw’.
1959 A. Murray Let. 17 Aug. in R. Ellison & A. Murray Trading Twelves (2000) 211 I used to think that he was all tangled up in crap that wasn't worth bothering about. The thirties and Fitzgerald's admirers faked me out on this.
1987 A. Maupin Significant Others xxxi. 207 You should fake her out, pretend to be fucking around yourself.
2001 J. Waterman Arctic Crossing ii. 153 As if to fake me out, he turns and runs straight south to circle back into camp.
to fake up
1. transitive. To alter or tamper with (something) so as to make it appear more presentable or plausible; (sometimes) spec. to conceal the defects of (an animal) in order to facilitate its sale. Also: to disguise (something) as something or someone.
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1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 352/1 The ring is made out of brass gilt buttons,..it's faked up to rights.
1869 Sporting Times 13 Mar. 85/2 It is just ‘on the cards’ that the reverent gentlemen may..have been ‘faked up’ as Reformers.
1874 Punch 7 Mar. 98/1 P'raps he'd ha' come to you with him [sc. a horse] faked up for sale.
1878 Judy 22 May 329/1 She tried it on with us..but it wouldn't do, 'cos you see she couldn't fake herself up like this.
1883 Emporia (Kansas) Daily News 26 Mar. It needn't be raw [meat] for a fact..it can be cooked beef, faked up to look raw.
1918 Sketch 18 Dec. 370/2 The three popular cross-Channel packets Empress, Riviera, and Engadine, faked up as seaplane-carriers.
1983 J. Okely Traveller-gypsies vi. 99 The broken winded and lame [horses] are ‘faked up’ and passed as good and sprightly.
2018 Sc. Star (Nexis) 23 Aug. 5 The ITV2 show's bosses were anxious to squash talk of faking up what the viewers see after they edit down 24 hours of TV recording to 47 minutes.
2.
a. transitive. To make by adapting existing materials; to cobble together, patch up, improvise; (sometimes more generally) to construct, concoct. In later use often with some suggestion of deception or simulation, and hence merging into sense 3.
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1866 T. Sutton Unconventional II. 181 What use, I ask, could you or I make of such things [sc. artist's studies]? Are we to fake up a picture from one or more of them, and give it a fine classical name?
1871 Season (N.Y.) 11 Mar. 77/1 The scenery was good, though mostly ‘faked’ up from old sets.
1874 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 23 July While the city newsman of this journal was engaged in ‘faking’ up his notes.
1885 Bull. (Sydney) 2 May 10/2 We consider that statement of Alfred's a clear proof that his ague dodge was faked up.
1929 A. Nadaar in Mercury Story Bk. 95 He managed to fake up some sort of a hand-crusher for the quartz.
1999 W. Gibson All Tomorrow's Parties xviii. 77 It was one of those voices that they fake up from found audio: speech cobbled from wind down skyscraper canyons, the creaking of Great Lakes ice, tree frogs clanging in the Southern night.
b. transitive. spec. To write (a piece of text, esp. a newspaper or magazine article) to order, typically by using existing material; to rehash. Now rare.
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1882 National Police Gaz. (U.S.) 29 Apr. 3/2 It was cheaper for Palmer to get Cazauran on a salary of $25 a week to fake up a play from the novel..than to pay the Englishman his royalty.
1898 ‘G. Paston’ Writer of Books (1899) 41 If nothing particular is going on, you fake up an article on old hats or old boots..and try it on one of the illustrated monthlies.
1939 E. C. Bentley in J. Rhode Detection Medley 74 What they did was to fake up a story about the tabard which might appeal to an American purchaser.
1967 Commonweal 24 Mar. 21/2 In his youth he was briefly a lecturer in an Indian college, where..he faked up lectures from a standard text.
3. transitive. To counterfeit, falsify, forge (something); = senses 7b, 7e.
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the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > forgery, falsification > forge, falsify [verb (transitive)]
forgec1330
counterfeitc1386
feign1484
flamc1500
adulterate?1526
mint1593
fashion1600
fudge1674
sham1699
doctor1750
fake1884
to fake up1885
phoney1940
bodgie1969
1885 Boston Daily Globe 20 Oct. 1/5 His wife..placed her case in the hands of a man said to be mixed up in the present conspiracy case. In his hands the required evidence was ‘faked up’.
1911 S. Ford Torchy ii. 32 Me and Hunchy fakes up this little billy ducks [= billet-doux] to Mr. Hinkey Tolliver.
2000 Guardian (Nexis) 21 Sept. 37 How he must have pitied Walpole, who had to fake up the armorial stained glass in his drawing room. He had the real McCoy.
2015 Nation (Thailand) (Nexis) 30 Sept. An elaborate flowchart was faked-up showing him, his wife and her father linked in a crime syndicate and drug trafficking ring.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11627n.2adj.1829v.1?a1400v.21810
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