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单词 extramural
释义

extramuraladj.

/ɛkstrəˈmjʊərəl/
Etymology: < Latin extrā mūr-ōs outside the walls + -al suffix1: see extra- prefix and mural adj.1 Compare late Latin extrāmūrānus in same sense.
a. Outside the walls or boundaries of a city or town; esp. in extra-mural interment. spec. in Education, of institutions or teaching organized by a university or college for persons other than its resident students.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > [adjective] > outside a town or city
outen-town1556
out of town1607
extramural1854
society > education > [adjective] > system of education
Lancasterian1807
heuristical1819
Pestalozzian1826
heuristic1844
progressive1860
Philanthropinist1864
Chautauqua1873
Froebelian1873
Fröbel1875
co-educational1881
extramural1884
Arnoldian1888
co-ed1889
Montessori1912
Montessorian1912
work–study1924
essentialist1938
bilateral1947
Piagetian1960
open-ended1961
home-schooling1963
Nuffield1964
binary1965
1854 N. Wiseman Fabiola 155 The extramural basilicas of St. Paul on the Ostian way.
1861 C. H. Pearson Early & Middle Ages Eng. 27 Large sewers, large aqueducts, and extramural interment, are common features.
1884 Science Mar. 371 The..arrangements by which medical men not connected with the university give..‘Extra-mural’ instruction.
1901 Daily Chron. 1 June 3/4 All extra~mural colleges, high-grade schools, art and technical institutions.
1962 Lancet 15 Dec. 1261/1 In the middle 'forties the end of extramural teaching in Glasgow..left the Faculty at a low ebb.
1969 I. Opie & P. Opie Children's Games p. xv The Department of Extramural Studies, Keele University.
b. transferred and figurative.
ΚΠ
1955 Times 10 June 6/2 The opening of Parliament yesterday was shorn of all such extramural spectacle as the Queen's drive in state.
1964 G. L. Cohen What's Wrong with Hospitals? iii. 57 Let the almoner deal with him—a consultant has no time for extra-mural comforting.
1966 J. Wainwright Crystallised Carbon Pig xiii. 59 The nightly rendezvous for the city's sugar daddies, extra-mural secretaries, bald-headed Lochinvars.

Derivatives

extraˈmuralism n. the practice of giving extramural instruction.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > [noun] > systematic education > systems of
university extension1839
Philanthropinism1842
Arnoldismc1845
co-education1852
Pestalozzianism1859
kindergartenism1872
secularism1872
community education1873
Froebelism1879
co-ed1886
extramuralism1892
vocationalism1901
heurism1909
sandwich1913
Montessori1917
Montessorianism1917
Juku system1931
polytechnization1932
day release1936
essentialism1939
comprehensivization1958
multitracking1989
1892 Sat. Rev. 14 May 571/1 There remained only the principle of..‘Extramuralism’ to be reckoned with.
extraˈmuralist n. one who lives outside the walls of a city.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city
out-burgess1459
outsetter1674
outen-town1677
out-citizen1847
extramuralist1868
outen-towner1882
1868 Imperial Rev. 7 Mar. 228 All the city..all except the outcast extramuralists..are soon reduced to ashes.
extraˈmurally adv. in an extramural way.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > [adverb] > system of education
extramurally1927
1927 Observer 5 June 7/2 The University College of the South-West is the youngest of our University institutions; but during the short period of its career it has developed considerably both intra- and extra-murally.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online September 2019).
<
adj.1854
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