extractn.
/ˈɛkstrakt/, U.S. /ˈɛkˌstræk(t)/ I. Senses relating to drawing out or extraction.† 1. gen. Something drawn or taken out of a thing; also figurative the ‘pith’ of a matter. Obsolete.† 3. A summary; an outline. Obsolete. Cf. French extrait, Italian estratto.in extended use.1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham I. xii. 77 There was, indeed, a motley congregation; country esquires; extracts from the Universities; half-pay officers [etc.].
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > [noun] > that which is
extract1570
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > [noun] > essential part
pointc1385
pithc1425
issue1553
extract1570
catch1600
hinge1638
punctuma1680
resa1732
jet1748
gist1820
bottom line1830
just it1862
crux1888
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Aiiv/2 An Extracte, extractum.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lvi. 123 The words of Adam..Flesh of my flesh, and bone of my bones, a true natiue extract out of mine owne bodie.
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 140 I will now present vnto you a few extracts out of names.
1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 116 The extract of all, is, that he [Duke of Hertford] was chosen by the People and Parliament then sitting.
2. figurative.a1644 F. Quarles Solomons Recantation (1645) vii. 34 Wisdom's th' extract of knowledge.1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra i. ii. 9 Not only is he [sc. Satan] wicked, but the spirit and extract of wickedness.1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 299 Englishmen consider English law as the pure extract of reason.1847 L. Hunt Men, Women, & Bks. II. iii. 45 A specimen of the volatile extract of Steele.† b. = extractive n. 2. Obsolete.
a. ‘The substance extracted; the chief parts drawn from anything’ (Johnson); in modern use ‘a pharmaceutical term applied to the tough or viscid matter obtained by treating any substance with solvents and then evaporating the solvent’ (Watts). Also loosely used for any preparation containing the active principle of a substance in a concentrated form. extract of Mars n. Obsolete a tincture or solution of an iron salt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > extraction > that which is extracted
extract1590
extraction1594
extracture1602
1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 2nd Pt. sig. I7 An ointment..Distilled from the..simplest extracts of all Minerals.
1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke iii. 182 One scruple of the extract of betonie.
1656 H. More Enthusiasmus Triumphatus 9 This intoxicating Potion is made of the extract of certain hearbs.
1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 28 Schroder makes an Extract of it with..Water.
1811 A. T. Thomson London Dispensatory iii. 601 In preparing all kinds of extracts, evaporate the fluid as quickly as possible.
1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 18 Fluid extracts are very concentrated fluid preparations.
1884 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Extract of beef.
1894 N.E.D. at Extract Mod. Advt., With Malt or Meat Extract an Ideal Diet for Infants.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > vegetable extracts or preparations > [noun] > mass left after preparation of extracts
extract1801
extractive1807
crude fibre1895
1801 W. Henry Epitome Chem. i. xxviii. 112 Vegetable Extract..is..of a brownish colour; and generally of a bitterish taste.
1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 354 Besides tannin, extract must be present in this precipitate.
1813 H. Davy Elements Agric. Chem. iii. 76 Extract, or the extractive principle, exists in almost all plants..it seems to be composed principally of hydrogene, oxygene, carbon and a little azote.
c. transferred. (See quot. 1879). Also in fuller form extract wool.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > reconstituted textiles > [noun]
devil's dust1843
extract wool1879
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 261/1 The latter [cotton in worn-out fabrics] is destroyed by a chemical process, leaving the wool intact, which is then called ‘extract’.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 661/1 Extract wool is that which is recovered from rags of various cloths in which cotton and wool are variously woven together.
1963 A. J. Hall Student's Handbk. Textile Sci. ii. 38 The recovered wool passes under various names such as mungo, shoddy, alpaca and extract (this latter contains cotton fibres also since it is obtained from waste mixture goods).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun]
abbreviationa1464
summary1509
breve1523
bridgement1523
abbreviate1531
summulary1533
breviary1547
extract1549
digest1555
brief1563
promptuary1577
abbreviature1578
institute1578
breviation1580
breviate1581
compendiary1589
symbol1594
ramass1596
compendium1608
abridgement1609
digestment1610
digestion1613
epitome1623
abridge1634
comprisal1640
comprisurea1641
syntome1641
medulla1644
multum in parvo1653
contracta1657
landscape1656
comprehension1659
sylloge1686
contraction1697
résumé1782
compend1796
sum-up1848
roundup1884
wrap-up1960
1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Giijv Let us draw on the other side..the extract of a man of wisedome.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ff2v They supposed the world to bee the Image of God, & Man to be an extract or compendious Image of the world. View more context for this quotation
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) l. 293 Some Bookes..may be read by Deputy, and Extracts made of them by Others.
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Extract,..a breviate or abridgement.
4. A passage copied out of a book, manuscript, etc.; an excerpt, quotation.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > extract > [noun]
stitchena1225
outdraughtc1300
draught1382
sentencec1400
article1417
place1526
membera1535
gobbet?1550
extracture1602
excerption1614
excerpta1638
analects1641
extraction1656
extract1666
selection1805
worksheet1823
reading1828
screed1829
sectiuncle1838
snippet1864
1666 S. Pepys Diary 31 July (1972) VII. 229 [He] brought me up this extract out of the Flanders letters today come.
1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 337 To gratifie the Curiosity of Ingenious Inquirers, I made the following Extract.
1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 142 These extracts are long.
1872 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 192 These extracts.. might be still further multiplied.
5. Law.† a. = estreat n. (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > transcript or copy > official copy
vidimus1436
estreatc1440
exemplification1442
extreat1489
exemplificate1577
extract1670
1670 T. Blount Νομο-λεξικον: Law-dict. Extracts. See Estreats.
b. Scots Law (see quot. 1861).
ΚΠ
1606 Act of Council in Sc. Acts 23 Jas. VI c. 19 Common and ordinarie Extracts, for every sheet extracted, xiii. sh. iiii. d.
1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) 374/1 Extract. The term extract, in the law of Scotland, signifies either the proper written evidence, or warrant on which diligence or execution on a judicial decree may issue; or it signifies a copy, authenticated by the proper officer, of a deed, writing, or other entry, the principal of which, either is in a public record, or a transcript of which, taken from the principal, has been preserved in a public record.
1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. 100 §68 If no Appeal shall have been taken, the Clerk of the Court may give out the Extract.
6. = extraction n. 5. Cf. Old French extraite. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun]
kinc892
strindc900
i-cundeOE
bloodOE
kindredOE
birtha1250
strainc1275
gesta1300
offspring?a1300
lineagea1330
descentc1330
linec1330
progenya1382
generationc1384
engendrurec1390
ancestry?a1400
genealogya1400
kind?a1400
stranda1400
coming?a1425
bedc1430
descencec1443
descension1447
ligneea1450
originc1450
family1474
originala1475
extraction1477
nativityc1485
parentelea1492
stirpc1503
stem?c1550
race1563
parentage1565
brood1590
ancientry1596
descendance1599
breeding1600
descendancy1603
delineation1606
extract1631
ancestory1650
agnation1782
havage1799
engendure1867
1631 B. Jonson New Inne i. v. 81 She shewes her extract, and I honor her for it.
1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 722 He was a Scot born, or at least of Scotch extract.
a1734 R. North Examen (1740) i. iii. 223 Every Soul, who gets to be rich, immediately enquires into his Extract.
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 344 (note) The first child of European extract, born in New England.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
extractadj.
/ɛkˈstrakt/ Extracted; in various senses of the verb.† 1. past participle.
a. Taken out, obtained out of something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > [adjective] > extracted
detractc1420
extract?1521
?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. Civ To syng one balade, extract of sapyence.
1610 G. Markham Maister-peece i. civ. 206 Oyles extract out of wood or mettals will last long.
a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 13 The leasee by implication shall have the warren discharged and extract during his lease.
b. Derived (from a source), descended (from an ancestry).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [adjective] > originated or derived
secondary1398
extract1483
sprungc1485
derivatea1513
extraughtc1515
derivative1530
derived1600
deductive1646
originated1647
originate1679
unprimitive1684
excretitious1820
originant1825
derivational1843
originary1886
extracted1903
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 425/3 Saynt rigoberte..was extract or come out of the moste excellent lygnage.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clxxxi. [clxxvii]. 551 He was extracte by his mother syde of a duke of Bretayne.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1024 The Sun..is the very issue extract from that Good.
a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 233 Herod was..originally a Jew, extract from them who, upon the Edict of Cyrus, returned at the first time..to Jerusalem.
c. Distracted, taken out of one's wits; cf. extraught adj. 2, extracting adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > [adjective] > insanity or madness > affected with
woodc725
woodsekc890
giddyc1000
out of (by, from, of) wit or one's witc1000
witlessc1000
brainsickOE
amadc1225
lunaticc1290
madc1330
sickc1340
brain-wooda1375
out of one's minda1387
frenetica1398
fonda1400
formada1400
unwisea1400
brainc1400
unwholec1400
alienate?a1425
brainless1434
distract of one's wits1470
madfula1475
furious1475
distract1481
fro oneself1483
beside oneself1490
beside one's patience1490
dementa1500
red-wood?1507
extraught1509
misminded1509
peevish1523
bedlam-ripe1525
straughta1529
fanatic1533
bedlama1535
daft1540
unsounda1547
stark raving (also staring) mad1548
distraughted1572
insane1575
acrazeda1577
past oneself1576
frenzy1577
poll-mad1577
out of one's senses1580
maddeda1586
frenetical1588
distempered1593
distraught1597
crazed1599
diswitted1599
idle-headed1599
lymphatical1603
extract1608
madling1608
distracteda1616
informala1616
far gone1616
crazy1617
March mada1625
non compos mentis1628
brain-crazed1632
demented1632
crack-brained1634
arreptitiousa1641
dementate1640
dementated1650
brain-crackeda1652
insaniated1652
exsensed1654
bedlam-witteda1657
lymphatic1656
mad-like1679
dementative1685
non compos1699
beside one's gravity1716
hyte1720
lymphated1727
out of one's head1733
maddened1735
swivel-eyed1758
wrong1765
brainsickly1770
fatuous1773
derangedc1790
alienated1793
shake-brained1793
crack-headed1796
flighty1802
wowf1802
doitrified1808
phrenesiac1814
bedlamite1815
mad-braineda1822
fey1823
bedlamitish1824
skire1825
beside one's wits1827
as mad as a hatter1829
crazied1842
off one's head1842
bemadded1850
loco1852
off one's nut1858
off his chump1864
unsane1867
meshuga1868
non-sane1868
loony1872
bee-headed1879
off one's onion1881
off one's base1882
(to go) off one's dot1883
locoed1885
screwy1887
off one's rocker1890
balmy or barmy on (or in) the crumpet1891
meshuggener1892
nutty1892
buggy1893
bughouse1894
off one's pannikin1894
ratty1895
off one's trolley1896
batchy1898
twisted1900
batsc1901
batty1903
dippy1903
bugs1904
dingy1904
up the (also a) pole1904
nut1906
nuts1908
nutty as a fruitcake1911
bugged1920
potty1920
cuckoo1923
nutsy1923
puggled1923
blah1924
détraqué1925
doolally1925
off one's rocket1925
puggle1925
mental1927
phooey1927
crackers1928
squirrelly1928
over the edge1929
round the bend1929
lakes1934
ding-a-ling1935
wacky1935
screwball1936
dingbats1937
Asiatic1938
parlatic1941
troppo1941
up the creek1941
screwed-up1943
bonkers1945
psychological1952
out to lunch1955
starkers1956
off (one's) squiff1960
round the twist1960
yampy1963
out of (also off) one's bird1966
out of one's skull1967
whacked out1969
batshit1971
woo-woo1971
nutso1973
out of (one's) gourd1977
wacko1977
off one's meds1986
1608 Hist. Hamblet ii. C iijb To try if men of great account bee extract out of their wits.
2. participial adj. Drawn or taken out. Now only in extract decree (Scots Law: cf. extract v. 2c).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > extract > [adjective]
excerpt?a1475
extraught1523
extract1636
excerpted1818
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to extraction
extracted1694
extract1708
society > law > [noun] > edict, decree, ordinance, or institute > taken from a recorded judgement
extract decree1861
1636 T. Goodwin Childe of Light ii. 49 The originall..is more authenticall then extract copies.
1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 65 Stor'd with Streams Egregious, Rum and Rice's Spirit extract.
1856 Act 19 & 20 Vict. c. 56 §35 (margin) Sheriff may seize Books of Crown Debtor under Extract Decree.
1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) 373/2 The form and execution of extract decrees.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
extractv.
/ɛkˈstrakt/ To draw out.
1. transitive. In general sense: ‘To draw out of any containing body or cavity’ (Johnson).Now only with some notion of one or other of the more specific senses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)]
unteeOE
to take out of ——c1175
forthdraw?a1300
out-takea1350
to take outa1382
excludec1400
dischargec1405
to get outc1432
tryc1440
extraya1450
out-have1458
to take fortha1550
extract1570
reave1640
eliciate1651
roust1658
uncork1740
to put out of ——1779
to break out1840
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Aiiv/2 To Extract, extrahere.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 314 Is there none of Pigmalions Images..to bee had now, for putting the hand in the pocket, and extracting clutch'd? View more context for this quotation
1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth i. vii. 83 If these waters were any way extracted and laid upon the surface of the ground, nothing would be gain'd as to the Deluge by that.
2. absolute.1751 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1753) II. 141 (heading) Prohibition by the Lords against Agents to Extract, or Extracters to Agent.
a. ‘To take from something of which the thing taken was a part’ (Johnson).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > a part of something
extract1634
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away
ateec885
withbreidec890
animOE
overbearOE
to do awayOE
flitc1175
reavec1175
takec1175
to have away?a1300
to draw awayc1300
weve13..
to wend awaya1325
withdrawa1325
remuec1325
to carry away1363
to take away1372
waive1377
to long awaya1382
oftakec1390
to draw offa1398
to do froa1400
forflitc1420
amove?a1425
to carry out?a1425
surtrayc1440
surtretec1440
twistc1440
abstract1449
ostea1450
remove1459
ablatea1475
araisea1475
redd1479
dismove1480
diminish?1504
convey1530
alienate1534
retire1536
dimove1540
reversec1540
subtractc1540
submove1542
sublate1548
pare1549
to pull in1549
exempt1553
to shift off1567
retract?1570
renversec1586
aufer1587
to lay offa1593
rear1596
retrench1596
unhearse1596
exemea1600
remote1600
to set off1600
subduct1614
rob1627
extraneize1653
to bring off1656
to pull back1656
draft1742
extract1804
reef1901
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 56 They had whole mountaines of excellent blacke Marble..out of which the Imperiall Palace was extracted and cut out.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 497 I now see..my Self Before me; Woman is her Name, of Man Extracted . View more context for this quotation
1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 296 Freeholders, whose estates were extracted out of the demesnes of the manor.
b. esp. To copy out (a passage in a book, etc.); also, to make extracts from (a book).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > extract > extract (from) [verb (transitive)]
deflowera1387
abstracta1475
excerptc1536
excerp1570
extract1607
gut1715
except1721
clip1872
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 340 Finding nothing of substance in him [sc. Gesner], which is not..extracted..by them.
1724 J. Swift Let. to People of Ireland 17 I have thought it proper to extract out of that Pamphlet a few of those Notorious Falshoods.
1798 J. Ferriar Illustr. Sterne ii. 43 I extract the following passages as specimens.
1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iii. 201 The treatise was..abridged, extracted, and even turned into verse.
1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect i. iv. 273 It will be convenient to extract entire the section devoted to this subject.
c. Scots Law. To take out a copy of (a recorded judgement) with a view to execution. Also †to extract forth. Cf. estreat v.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > legal proceedings [verb (transitive)] > extract record and return to court
estreat1523
extreat1523
extract1597
streat1605
1597 Sc. Acts Jas. VI 177 b Collected..and extracted foorth of the Bukes and Register of the Actes of Parliament.
1606 Act of Council in Sc. Acts 23 Jas. VI c. 19 Common and ordinarie Extracts, for every sheet extracted, xiii. sh. iiii. d.
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 94 He forg'd records, and them enacted To bear false witness, when extracted.
1752 J. Louthian Form of Process (ed. 2) App. 266 The Expence of extracting the Protestation.
1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott xx The subalterns, who..recorded and extracted the decrees of the Supreme Court.
1868 Act 31 & 32 Victoria c. 100 §57 Notwithstanding that the Interlocutor of the Lord Ordinary may have been extracted and put to Execution.
3.
a. To get out (the contents of anything) by force, effort, or contrivance; to take out (anything embedded or firmly fixed). Often with reference to surgical operations, dentistry, and the like.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > by force, effort, or contrivance
to draw outOE
outdrawlOE
drawc1300
win out1362
out-wina1425
windc1535
extract1628
exact1647
exforcipatea1834
to winkle out1942
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer 219 Upon Argeir we had a faire designe That much extracted from our silver mine.
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 195 The..mineral Matter..is..so diffused..amongst the crasser..Matter, that 'twould never be possible to separate and extract it.
1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet iv. 428 The Stone in the Bladder is..a mortal Disease, if not extracted.
1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 210 After many fruitless attempts to extract an arrow.
1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 190 One of these customs, was that of extracting their beards by the roots.
1819 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. (ed. 4) I. i. xix. 206 Army surgeons..always..extract the ball as soon as possible.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales II. 112 One of the best..anglers in England..had only been able to extract three of its inhabitants.
1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 80 He took out a knife, and picked at the lead until he extracted it from the bottle.
1878 L. P. Meredith Teeth (ed. 2) 127 Fractures in attempts to extract teeth, often expose the pulp.
b. figurative; esp. to draw forth (a confession, money, etc.) against a person's will.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > draw out or gain by compulsion or force
wringc1444
throwa1500
extort?1545
express1547
wrest1565
evict1567
extract1599
squeeze1602
screw1622
evince1631
grind1790
force1817
slug1974
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 67 And there [by torture] eyther teare him limbe from limbe, but hee will extract some capitall confession from him.
1670 A. Marvell Let. 14 June in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 264 I had writ sooner could I haue extracted out of Sr Philip..any thing wch I thought materiall.
1765 H. Walpole Castle of Otranto (1798) v. 78 He used every insinuating..argument to extract her consent.
1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 1116 He had extracted the last extractable halfpenny.
1833 H. Martineau Three Ages iii. 93 Nothing could be extracted from him relative to his former associates.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xvi. 108 I..tried to extract some direct encouragement from him.
4. absolute.1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋79 You labour..in extracting after the manner introduc'd by Neotericks.
a. To obtain (constituent elements, juices, etc.) from a thing or substance by suction, pressure, distillation, or any chemical or mechanical operation. Said both of personal and material agents. †Also intransitive for reflexive (obsolete rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body > an element from a substance or mixture
extract1594
separate1617
sever1626
segregate1691
1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 3 (heading) in Jewell House The maner of drawing, or extracting of the oiles out of hearbes.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §645 Out of the Ashes of all Plants they extract a Salt, which they vse in Medicines.
1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 33 Let the Spirit extract in digestion till no more feces fall to the bottom.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 25 How the Bee Sits on the Bloom extracting liquid sweet. View more context for this quotation
1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory i. 22 Distil it with Water..till all the Spirits are extracted.
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 444 Filter the liquor, wash the sediment with water, till it ceases to extract any thing.
1853 A. Soyer Pantropheon 131 When the cook wanted to extract the salt, he first boiled the meat well in milk.
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 1146 The skins being present, the wine which is in process of formation extracts tannic acid from the skins.
b. figurative; esp. to obtain (comfort, pleasure, happiness) from a specified source; also, to draw out (the sense of anything); to deduce (a doctrine, principle, right, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain from a source or derive
takec1175
drawa1300
to take out of ——1483
suck1535
to suck out1546
derive1561
extract1596
to take up1610
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > interpretation > interpret [verb (transitive)]
unloukOE
areadOE
spele?c1225
inredec1315
expounda1340
construe1399
interpretate1517
explain1538
scan1562
disentraverse1610
unspherea1616
explicate1628
spell1635
disenvelop1741
extract1775
interpret1795
clarify1823
read1847
to read between the lines1866
1596 J. Davies Orchestra ciii. sig. C4 He [sc. Love] first extracted from th' earth-mingled mind That heau'nly fire, or quintessence diuine.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) ii. ii. 98 May it be possible, that forraigne hyer Could out of thee extract one sparke of euill? View more context for this quotation
1719 E. Young Busiris iv. 52 To see us act like prudent Men, And out of Ills extract our Happiness.
1775 S. Johnson Taxation no Tyranny 44 No general right can be extracted from them [the charters].
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 317 (note) In whatever situation he was placed he [Franklin] extracted something useful for himself or others.
1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. iii. 48 [He] means to extract the utmost possible amount of pleasure..out of this life.
1890 Ld. Esher in Law Times Rep. 63 693/2 It is sought by this defendant to extract from that case this doctrine, that, etc.
5. Mathematics. to extract the root of a number or quantity: to obtain the root by a mathematical process. Also †to extract (a quantity): to find the root of.
ΚΠ
?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) ii. xxii. sig. P ij From the quotient thereof..extracte the quadrate roote.
1676 J. Glanvill Ess. iii. 13 The Method of Extracting Roots in the most numerous Æquations.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Extraction To extract the Root out of a given Power, is the same Thing as to find a Number, e. gr. 4, which being multiplied a certain Number of Times into it self, produces the given Power, e. gr. 16 or 64.
1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 86 Mixed numbers may be..extracted by the first or second rule.
1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 89 Extract the cube root of 571482·19.
6. Occasional uses after Latin or French.† a. To take away, withdraw. Obsolete.† b. Only in passive: To be derived or descended. Const. from, of. Obsolete. Cf. extraction n. 5.† c. To ‘derive’, affirm to be derived from a specified origin. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > withdraw
withdraw?c1225
surtrayc1440
surtretec1440
abstract1449
subtracta1538
substract1542
extracta1572
draw1600
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 60 O Lorde, I have bene wicked, and justlie may thow extract thy grace from me.
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 333 By your faynting, and by extracting of your support, the enimeis ar incoraged.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > originate or be a source of [verb (transitive)] > derive, come from, or originate in
fet1393
to take one's spring from (also out of)c1440
to come out of ——1481
extract1490
deduct1530
fetch1552
desume1564
deduce1565
father1577
derive1600
traduce1615
raisea1631
originate1653
to be sourced in1941
1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xxi. 71 He is a man come of a grete house and extracted of hyghe parentage.
1587 R. Holinshed et al. Hist. Eng. (new ed.) v. xvj. 95/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Of the first, the kings of Kent were lineallie extracted.
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 13 This English tongue extracted out of the olde German..is mixed.
1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World v. ii. §70. 471/2 Michael the eighth..extracted from the Comnenian Emperours.
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 10 The enriching a private Family (how well soever originally extracted).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > originate or be a source of [verb (transitive)] > derive, come from, or originate in > deduce or affirm to be derived
fetch1553
extract1634
1634 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. 341 It..angers me, that out of the poorest part of Rhetoricke received among the ancients, they will needes extract all ours.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1549
adj.1483v.1490