extortionn.

/ɛkˈstɔːʃən/

Forms: Middle English–1500s extorcion, extorcioun(e, Middle English extorcyoune, Middle English extorcyon, Middle English–1600s extorsion, Middle English extorscion, extorsiun, Middle English extorsioun, extorsyoun, 1500s extorsyon, Middle English– extortion.

Etymology: < Latin extortiōn-em, also extorsiōn-em , noun of action < extorquēre (see extort n.). Compare French extorsion.

a. The action or practice of extorting or wresting anything, esp. money, from a person by force or by undue exercise of authority or power; an instance of this; an act of illegal exaction.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > extortion > [noun]

extortionc1340

askingc1400

extort power1492

exactiona1513

bribing1533

extort1541

pollage?1542

bloodsucking1548

scaffery1555

eviction1560

wringing1589

wresting1611

screwing1680

squeezing1681

extortinga1711

wringing1730

over-pull1867

Rachmanism1963

Rachmanship1963

c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. v. (1866) 11 Thurghe extorcyone, as lordes duse.

c1386 G. Chaucer Friar's Tale 131 My wages ben ful streyt..by extorciouns I lyve.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 27825 O couaitise..cums..Reuelaic, theft, extorsium.

c1475 ( in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 142 Cherisshe thy lordes, hate extorcioun.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 96 The Clergies Bags Are lanke and leane with thy Extortions .

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxviii. 166 The continuance, and increasing of..extortion.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 306 To bring them [sc. the Bankers] to an account for their usury and extortions.

1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) III. xvii. 494 By bribery and extortion he had obtained vast sums of money.

b. Law (see quot. 1769). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Dd4/1 Extortion..signifieth..an vnlawfull or violent wringing of mony or mony worth from any man.

1674 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 229 This Country hath long layn under great Oppressions by y^e Extortion of y^e Clerks of y^e Crowne.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 141 Extortion.. consists in any officer's unlawfully taking, by colour of his office, from any man, any money or thing of value, that is not due to him, or more than is due, or before it is due.

1789 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. xiii. §1 An act of extortion on the part of an officer of police.

1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon

1861 in G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.)

†c. An extortionate claim or impost. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > [noun] > excessive, arbitrary, or illegal

maletolta1325

exaction1398

uncustom1569

bondage1658

extortion1727

squeeze1858

1727 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman (ed. 2) I. Suppl. ii. 25 Paying an intollerable extortion of ten to fifteen or twenty per Cent. premium.

†2. In etymological sense:

a. A wresting of the sense of a word or phrase.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [noun] > instance of

violence1546

wresting1551

wreathing1556

strain1579

wrest1581

mis-sense1615

by-signification1651

extortion1652

corruption1699

wrench1701

by-sense1782

corruptibility1847

torturing1855

twist1862

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 27 The Italian Lawyers..do force themselves with all extortion to verifie upon the Western Emperor that saying.

b. A straining (of the nerves). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [noun] > strained condition

extortion1725

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Nerves The same will also cure the Extorsions of the Nerves, if apply'd moderately hot.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

extortionv.

Etymology: < extortion n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: exˈtortion.

a. intransitive. To practise extortion. Const. upon.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > extortion > practise extortion [verb (intransitive)]

extortion1502

poll1521

shave1528

extort1529

to shark on or upona1596

1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) iv. xxi. sig. bb.ii ^v Yf he extorcyon or dystresse or gyued ayde or consentyng that to do.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxiii. f. clv The Soldyours stale & extorcioned vpon both partyes.

b. transitive. To charge extortionate prices to; to overcharge.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > charges > [verb (transitive)] > overcharge

overchargea1400

surcharge1429

overset?1533

sauce1602

hoist1607

over-reckon1615

extortionc1650

sock1699

fleece1719

soak1895

slug1925

rob1934

c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 155 For sic [meat] as thay gat thay war extorsioned.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. viii. 102 A bed and a breakfast..for which they extortioned me three shillings and sax-pence. [Still in dialectal use (Chesh.).]

Derivatives

† exˈtortioning adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > extortion > [adjective]

writhinga1529

torcenous1532

bloodsucking1548

racking1576

exacting1583

extorting1598

extortious1607

sharking1608

wringing1620

exactious1630

extortionizing1630

extortionable1632

extortioninga1641

extortionous1644

extortive1646

screwing1647

extracting1654

hirudinous1654

rack-renting1779

extortionate1789

extortionary1805

a1641 T. Heywood & W. Rowley Fortune by Land & Sea iv, in Wks. (1874) VI. 423 My poor usuring, extortioning Master.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	extortion
释义	extortionn. /ɛkˈstɔːʃən/ Forms: Middle English–1500s extorcion, extorcioun(e, Middle English extorcyoune, Middle English extorcyon, Middle English–1600s extorsion, Middle English extorscion, extorsiun, Middle English extorsioun, extorsyoun, 1500s extorsyon, Middle English– extortion. Etymology: < Latin extortiōn-em, also extorsiōn-em , noun of action < extorquēre (see extort n.). Compare French extorsion. 1. a. The action or practice of extorting or wresting anything, esp. money, from a person by force or by undue exercise of authority or power; an instance of this; an act of illegal exaction. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > extortion > [noun] extortionc1340 askingc1400 extort power1492 exactiona1513 bribing1533 extort1541 pollage?1542 bloodsucking1548 scaffery1555 eviction1560 wringing1589 wresting1611 screwing1680 squeezing1681 extortinga1711 wringing1730 over-pull1867 Rachmanism1963 Rachmanship1963 c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. v. (1866) 11 Thurghe extorcyone, as lordes duse. c1386 G. Chaucer Friar's Tale 131 My wages ben ful streyt..by extorciouns I lyve. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 27825 O couaitise..cums..Reuelaic, theft, extorsium. c1475 ( in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 142 Cherisshe thy lordes, hate extorcioun. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 96 The Clergies Bags Are lanke and leane with thy Extortions . View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxviii. 166 The continuance, and increasing of..extortion. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 306 To bring them [sc. the Bankers] to an account for their usury and extortions. 1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) III. xvii. 494 By bribery and extortion he had obtained vast sums of money. b. Law (see quot. 1769). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Dd4/1 Extortion..signifieth..an vnlawfull or violent wringing of mony or mony worth from any man. 1674 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 229 This Country hath long layn under great Oppressions by y^e Extortion of y^e Clerks of y^e Crowne. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 141 Extortion.. consists in any officer's unlawfully taking, by colour of his office, from any man, any money or thing of value, that is not due to him, or more than is due, or before it is due. 1789 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. xiii. §1 An act of extortion on the part of an officer of police. 1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 1861 in G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) †c. An extortionate claim or impost. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > [noun] > excessive, arbitrary, or illegal maletolta1325 exaction1398 uncustom1569 bondage1658 extortion1727 squeeze1858 1727 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman (ed. 2) I. Suppl. ii. 25 Paying an intollerable extortion of ten to fifteen or twenty per Cent. premium. †2. In etymological sense: a. A wresting of the sense of a word or phrase. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [noun] > instance of violence1546 wresting1551 wreathing1556 strain1579 wrest1581 mis-sense1615 by-signification1651 extortion1652 corruption1699 wrench1701 by-sense1782 corruptibility1847 torturing1855 twist1862 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 27 The Italian Lawyers..do force themselves with all extortion to verifie upon the Western Emperor that saying. b. A straining (of the nerves). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [noun] > strained condition extortion1725 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Nerves The same will also cure the Extorsions of the Nerves, if apply'd moderately hot. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). extortionv. Etymology: < extortion n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: exˈtortion. a. intransitive. To practise extortion. Const. upon. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > extortion > practise extortion [verb (intransitive)] extortion1502 poll1521 shave1528 extort1529 to shark on or upona1596 1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) iv. xxi. sig. bb.ii ^v Yf he extorcyon or dystresse or gyued ayde or consentyng that to do. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxiii. f. clv The Soldyours stale & extorcioned vpon both partyes. b. transitive. To charge extortionate prices to; to overcharge. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > charges > [verb (transitive)] > overcharge overchargea1400 surcharge1429 overset?1533 sauce1602 hoist1607 over-reckon1615 extortionc1650 sock1699 fleece1719 soak1895 slug1925 rob1934 c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 155 For sic [meat] as thay gat thay war extorsioned. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. viii. 102 A bed and a breakfast..for which they extortioned me three shillings and sax-pence. [Still in dialectal use (Chesh.).] Derivatives † exˈtortioning adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > extortion > [adjective] writhinga1529 torcenous1532 bloodsucking1548 racking1576 exacting1583 extorting1598 extortious1607 sharking1608 wringing1620 exactious1630 extortionizing1630 extortionable1632 extortioninga1641 extortionous1644 extortive1646 screwing1647 extracting1654 hirudinous1654 rack-renting1779 extortionate1789 extortionary1805 a1641 T. Heywood & W. Rowley Fortune by Land & Sea iv, in Wks. (1874) VI. 423 My poor usuring, extortioning Master. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < n.c1340v.1502
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