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单词 extortion
释义

extortionn.

/ɛkˈstɔːʃən/
Forms: Middle English–1500s extorcion, extorcioun(e, Middle English extorcyoune, Middle English extorcyon, Middle English–1600s extorsion, Middle English extorscion, extorsiun, Middle English extorsioun, extorsyoun, 1500s extorsyon, Middle English– extortion.
Etymology: < Latin extortiōn-em, also extorsiōn-em , noun of action < extorquēre (see extort n.). Compare French extorsion.
1.
a. The action or practice of extorting or wresting anything, esp. money, from a person by force or by undue exercise of authority or power; an instance of this; an act of illegal exaction.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > extortion > [noun]
extortionc1340
askingc1400
extort power1492
exactiona1513
bribing1533
extort1541
pollage?1542
bloodsucking1548
scaffery1555
eviction1560
wringing1589
wresting1611
screwing1680
squeezing1681
extortinga1711
wringing1730
over-pull1867
Rachmanism1963
Rachmanship1963
c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. v. (1866) 11 Thurghe extorcyone, as lordes duse.
c1386 G. Chaucer Friar's Tale 131 My wages ben ful streyt..by extorciouns I lyve.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 27825 O couaitise..cums..Reuelaic, theft, extorsium.
c1475 ( in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 142 Cherisshe thy lordes, hate extorcioun.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 96 The Clergies Bags Are lanke and leane with thy Extortions . View more context for this quotation
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxviii. 166 The continuance, and increasing of..extortion.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 306 To bring them [sc. the Bankers] to an account for their usury and extortions.
1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) III. xvii. 494 By bribery and extortion he had obtained vast sums of money.
b. Law (see quot. 1769). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Dd4/1 Extortion..signifieth..an vnlawfull or violent wringing of mony or mony worth from any man.
1674 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 229 This Country hath long layn under great Oppressions by ye Extortion of ye Clerks of ye Crowne.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 141 Extortion.. consists in any officer's unlawfully taking, by colour of his office, from any man, any money or thing of value, that is not due to him, or more than is due, or before it is due.
1789 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. xiii. §1 An act of extortion on the part of an officer of police.
1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon
1861 in G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.)
c. An extortionate claim or impost. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > [noun] > excessive, arbitrary, or illegal
maletolta1325
exaction1398
uncustom1569
bondage1658
extortion1727
squeeze1858
1727 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman (ed. 2) I. Suppl. ii. 25 Paying an intollerable extortion of ten to fifteen or twenty per Cent. premium.
2. In etymological sense:
a. A wresting of the sense of a word or phrase.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [noun] > instance of
violence1546
wresting1551
wreathing1556
strain1579
wrest1581
mis-sense1615
by-signification1651
extortion1652
corruption1699
wrench1701
by-sense1782
corruptibility1847
torturing1855
twist1862
1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 27 The Italian Lawyers..do force themselves with all extortion to verifie upon the Western Emperor that saying.
b. A straining (of the nerves). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [noun] > strained condition
extortion1725
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Nerves The same will also cure the Extorsions of the Nerves, if apply'd moderately hot.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

extortionv.

Etymology: < extortion n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: exˈtortion.
a. intransitive. To practise extortion. Const. upon.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > extortion > practise extortion [verb (intransitive)]
extortion1502
poll1521
shave1528
extort1529
to shark on or upona1596
1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) iv. xxi. sig. bb.ii v Yf he extorcyon or dystresse or gyued ayde or consentyng that to do.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxiii. f. clv The Soldyours stale & extorcioned vpon both partyes.
b. transitive. To charge extortionate prices to; to overcharge.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > charges > [verb (transitive)] > overcharge
overchargea1400
surcharge1429
overset?1533
sauce1602
hoist1607
over-reckon1615
extortionc1650
sock1699
fleece1719
soak1895
slug1925
rob1934
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 155 For sic [meat] as thay gat thay war extorsioned.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. viii. 102 A bed and a breakfast..for which they extortioned me three shillings and sax-pence. [Still in dialectal use (Chesh.).]

Derivatives

exˈtortioning adj. Obsolete
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > extortion > [adjective]
writhinga1529
torcenous1532
bloodsucking1548
racking1576
exacting1583
extorting1598
extortious1607
sharking1608
wringing1620
exactious1630
extortionizing1630
extortionable1632
extortioninga1641
extortionous1644
extortive1646
screwing1647
extracting1654
hirudinous1654
rack-renting1779
extortionate1789
extortionary1805
a1641 T. Heywood & W. Rowley Fortune by Land & Sea iv, in Wks. (1874) VI. 423 My poor usuring, extortioning Master.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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n.c1340v.1502
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更新时间:2025/3/21 16:57:11