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单词 experimental
释义

experimentaladj.n.

Brit. /ᵻkˌspɛrᵻˈmɛntl/, /ɛkˌspɛrᵻˈmɛntl/, U.S. /ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛn(t)l/, /ɛkˌspɛrəˈmɛn(t)l/
Etymology: < experiment n. + -al suffix1.
A. adj.
I. Relating to experience.
1.
a. Of a witness: Having actual or personal experience of anything. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > experience > [adjective]
expertc1374
experientc1420
experimentalc1449
experted1475
experienced1576
self-experienced1782
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 448 The same hool noumbre of homeli and experimental witnessers of Cristis deedis.
1751 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. III 281 Of this he himself is an experimental Witness.
b. Of things: Coming within the range of experience; observed. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > [adjective] > coming within range of experience or observed
experimental1620
1620 J. Melton Astrologaster 29 It is vncerteine whether the experimentall effect is to be ascribed to this or that planet.
1718 I. Newton Opticks (ed. 2) iii. i. 364 We have no other evidence of universal Impenetrability, besides a large experience without an experimental Exception.
2.
a. Based on or derived from experience as opposed to mere testimony or conjecture. †Of a remedy: Discovered by experience.
b. Founded on experience only; empirical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > [adjective] > empirical
experimental1526
empiric1576
empirical1588
experimentate1651
occulta1652
empiric1772
rule of thumb1816
empiricist1864
practico-empirical1913
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Niii Experimentall knowledge of the heuenly lyfe to come.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 168 Trust not my reading, nor my obseruations, Which with experimental seale doth warrant The tenure of my booke. View more context for this quotation
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 4 A certaine experimentall vnguent, knowne to bee practised in this sport, made of the Oyle pressed out of wilde Radish.
1635 W. Wood (title) Nevv Englands Prospect. A true, lively, and experimentall description of that part of America, commonly called Nevv England.
1668 Excellency of Pen & Pencil 46 An experimental Rule practised by the best Etcher in England.
1709 G. Berkeley Ess. New Theory of Vision §72. 79 There being no necessary, but only an experimental Connexion.
1869 E. M. Goulburn Pursuit of Holiness Pref. 10 To bring myself and others to an experimental knowledge of God.
1879 A. H. Keane tr. A. Lefèvre Philos. ii. 141 Aristotle never ceases to oppose science to experimental knowledge.
c. experimental religion: practical experience of the influence of religion on the powers and operations of the soul. †experimental divinity: the method of dealing with the conscience and religious feelings; so †experimental divine.
ΚΠ
1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. i. vii. 74 The one excell'd in experimentall diuinity; and knew well how to stay a weake conscience, how to raise a fallen.
1658 L. Womock Exam. Tilenus 85 I was never much taken with those Obadiahs..give me your experimentall Divines.
II. Relating to experiment.
3.
a. Based on, derived from, or ascertained by experiment.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > [adjective] > based on or derived from experiment
experimental1570
experimentarian1662
1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. cijv That, was rather a kinde of Experimentall demonstration.
1674 C. Goodall Coll. Physic. Vindicated (1676) 89 Their experimental demonstrations of the circulation of the Chyle.
1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 73 Legislation and politics become gradually regarded as experimental sciences.
1881 Carpenter in 19th Cent. 615 Experimental evidence has not yet..been obtained of the direct penetration of the solar rays to more than 100 fathoms.
b. experimental philosophy: (a) the philosophy which insists on experiment as the necessary foundation and test of all reasoned conclusions; (b) physics or ‘natural philosophy’ as studied or demonstrated by means of experiments (now rare). So also, experimental chemistry, experimental physics, experimental science. Hence experimental philosopher, experimental physicist, experimental chemist, etc. experimental psychology n. the experimental study of the responses of an individual to stimuli; also experimental psychologist.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > of material universe
philosophya1387
natural philosophya1393
natural science?a1425
experimental philosophy1651
science1779
stinks1869
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > branch of knowledge > systematic knowledge, science > [noun] > scientist
man of science1482
natural philosopher?1541
secretary of nature1580
artsman1632
experimental philosopher1651
artist1665
scientific1738
sciencist1778
scientist1834
scientician1841
scientiate1847
scient1854
sciencer1871
natural scientist1872
specialist1918
boffin1945
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > [noun]
psychology1749
psychophysiology1839
physiopsychology1875
psychophysics1875
experimental psychology1878
psychosomatics1938
1651 G. Thomson (title) A vindication of Lord Bacon, the Auctor of Experimental Philosophy.
1665 J. Glanvill Sciri Tuum: Authors Defense 68 in Scepsis Scientifica All experimental Philosophers, have been needlessly imployed.
1706 S. Clarke Disc. Nat. Relig. Pref. sig. A3 Robert Boyle..was..diligent and successful in improving Experimental Philosophy.
1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 175 Lectures..at Guy's Hospital..[on] Experimental Philosophy.
1813 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia Experimental philosophy, is..an investigation of the wisdom of God in the works and the laws of nature.
1833 J. S. Mill Lett. (1910) I. 59 Detrosier..has some prospect of picking up a living as a lecturer on experimental physics.
1871–2 Cassell's Techn. Educator II. 303 A physician and experimental chemist.
1878 S. H. Hodgson Philos. of Refl. I. 227 Fortunately we possess a genuine a posteriori experimental psychology, a true science.
1887 J. Thomas Dict. Biogr. I. 421 Boyle..a celebrated chemist and experimental philosopher.
1895 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 7 78 Experimental Psychology was in its origin, and has remained for a considerable extent in its development, a German science.
1935 Discovery June 183/2 The gestalt-theorists, the behaviourists, and the experimental psychologists.
1952 J. A. Passmore in Stout God & Nature p. xxxvii To Stout..experimental psychology was a source of information, not a substitute for thinking.
1953 C. E. Osgood Method & Theory Exper. Psychol. p. v I have covered the major portion of what is called experimental psychology including sections on sensory processes, perception, learning, and symbolic processes.
1957 G. Ryle in C. A. Mace Brit. Philos. in Mid-century 258 A not very ancient Oxford Chair of Physics still retains its old label, the Chair of Experimental Philosophy.
1958 J. Cleugh tr. R. Jungk Brighter than Thousand Suns i. 17 It was the theoretical, not the experimental, physicists who were to blame for the confusion.
in extended use.1796 E. Burke Let. to Noble Lord in Wks. (1815) VIII. 55 As speculatists he [the Duke of Bedford] is a glorious subject for their experimental philosophy.
4. Of persons: Skilled in experiment. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > [adjective] > conducting experiments > skilled in experiment
experimental1811
1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 421 A more candid and equitable judge cannot be invoked than the patient and experimental Saussure.
5. Of the nature of an experiment; tentative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > [adjective]
tentative1588
tentatorya1624
peirasticala1653
peirastic1656
probational1670
experimental1817
experimentative1825
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India I. i. i. 16 A first and experimental attempt.
1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art i. 35 A young man's work..may be more or less experimental.
6.
a. Of or pertaining to experiments; used in or for making experiments. Frequently as experimental farm.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > [adjective] > relating to or used for experiments
experimental1789
1789 A. Young Jrnl. 28 Oct. in Trav. France (1792) i. 213 Signore Arduino..shewed me the experimental farm.
1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. Introd. 9 I have..received much useful experimental aid from Mr. E. Davy.
1869 J. Tyndall in Fortn. Rev. 1 Feb. 236 The experimental tube now before you.
1881 N. Lockyer in Nature No. 617. 398 The spectrum of potassium..varies very much under different experimental conditions.
1895 Trans. Royal Soc. Canada 1894 12 iv. 143 Six years ago the testing of trees and shrubs..was begun at the experimental farms at Brandon, Manitoba.
1906 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 14 Jan. 10/3 The Cigarmakers' union..urged that the experimental farms for the growth of tobacco be established in Canada.
1911 C. E. W. Bean ‘Dreadnought’ of Darling xxv. 319 When Australian subeditors want to make the open page of their papers especially attractive, they cast on to it the great plans that are immediately ahead..about new experimental farms to be planted in every district.
b. spec. of a theatre, play, etc.
ΚΠ
1929 S. W. Cheney Theatre xxiii. 520 Jacques Copeau..administered one of the..most fruitful of twentieth century experimental theatres.
1931 W. Rothenstein Men & Memories II. xxiv. 205 Experimental theatres are expensive things.
1961 W. P. Bowman & R. H. Ball Theatre Lang. 127 Experimental, said of drama, staging, a type of theatre, etc., which seeks freshness in the writing and production of plays rather than the traditional formulas for commercial or conventional success.
1969 L. Gish & A. Pinchot Lillian Gish xiv. 194 An experimental theater was also hit.
B. n. Obsolete. [The adjective used absol.]
a. A trial, an experiment.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > trial, test, or testing > [noun]
fandingc1000
costningOE
assay1330
say?c1335
assayingc1375
experimenta1382
proofc1390
experience1393
tastinga1400
probationc1422
probe?a1425
approof1436
fraistingc1440
examination?1510
saying1512
approving1523
trial1526
test1594
approbationa1616
trya1616
proval1622
tempting1623
probatea1643
experimental1659
testinga1834
1659 C. Noble Moderate Answer 1 Experimentals that have been made..what kind of Government would best go down.
b. An experimental proof.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > [noun] > exemplifying some rule, activity, quality, etc. > serving to confirm or illustrate
samplec1380
experimenta1530
experimental1664
test1773
exampling1881
1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. ii. 130 Pre-demonstrate them, by calculation, before the Senses give an Experimental thereof.
c. A fact or datum of experience.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [noun] > fact of being affected or experience
experience1382
experimental1628
1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 5 Art is made, when as one vniversall thing, is framed out of many experimentalls.
1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 304 Whose Councells are..Notionary, and grounded..not upon experimentalls of most publique concernment.
d. plural. Things learned by experience; experimental or practical knowledge.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > [noun] > with a subject, skill
insightc1175
practice1504
sight1530
experiment1575
discourse1589
practic1592
expertness1659
experimentals1748
sophistication1915
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. lxiv. 314 As to Experimentals..a mere novice.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1449
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