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单词 fair dinkum
释义

fair dinkumadv.n.int.adj.

Brit. /ˌfɛː ˈdɪŋkəm/, U.S. /ˌfɛ(ə)r ˈdɪŋkəm/, Australian English /ˌfeə ˈdɪŋkəm/, New Zealand English /ˌfeə ˈdɪŋkəm/
Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fair adj., dinkum n.
Etymology: Apparently < fair adj. + dinkum n., although the noun is first attested later outside this phrase. Compare later square dinkum adv. and see discussion at dinkum n., adj., and adv. Perhaps compare also fair do's n. at fair adj. and n.1 Compounds 1b.
Chiefly Australian and New Zealand colloquial.
A. adv.
1.
a. Originally and chiefly Australian Sport. In a decisive, thoroughgoing, or open and legitimate manner; with full and honest effort or outright success; fair and square. Now rare.In quot. 1879 with reference to a racehorse undertaking a thorough workout; cf. sense B. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > rightness or justice > [phrase] > fairly
fair and square1604
fair dinkum1879
square dinkum1888
1879 Evening News (Sydney) 23 Aug. 5/4 Mabel, the up-country mare, was sent what is known as ‘fair dinkum’ over two miles.
1888 Queensland Figaro & Punch 21 Jan. (Bell's Life in Queensland Suppl.) 116/1 I don't reckon Kemp champion ‘de facto’, till he has earned the honor in a straightaway 3 miles 330yds go—fair dinkum.
1890 Referee (Sydney) 23 July 3/1 Fairweather was downed fair dinkum..trying to give Billy Brock 2yds in 75yds.
1924 Albany (W. Austral.) Advertiser 10 Sept. They had had a good game; they were beaten ‘fair dinkum’ and made no excuse.
2005 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 5 Nov. 68 In the second fight he beat me fair dinkum. There were no excuses.
b. As a general intensifier: very, exceptionally, completely. Cf. dinkum adv. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > very
tooc888
swith971
wellOE
wellOE
fullOE
rightc1175
muchc1225
wellac1275
gainlya1375
endlyc1440
hard?1440
very1448
odda1500
great1535
jolly1549
fellc1600
veryvery1649
gooda1655
vastly1664
strange1667
bloody1676
ever so1686
heartily1727
real1771
precious1775
quarely1805
murry1818
très1819
freely1820
powerfula1822
gurt1824
almighty1830
heap1832
all-fired1833
gradely1850
real1856
bonny1857
heavens1858
veddy1859
canny1867
some1867
oh-so1881
storming1883
spanking1886
socking1896
hefty1898
velly1898
fair dinkum1904
plurry1907
Pygmalion1914
dinkum1915
beaucoup1918
dirty1920
molto1923
snorting1924
honking1929
hellishing1931
thumpingly1948
way1965
mega1966
mondo1968
seriously1970
totally1972
mucho1978
stonking1990
1904 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) 4 Sept. 4/7 Ev'ry chambermaid 'oo's fly Will explain wot tarts is rash An' wot tart's fair-dinkum shy.
1918 L. J. Villiers Changing Year 18 This June is like a fancy line o' frill Fair dinkum white.
1971 N.Z. Listener 19 Apr. 56/5 Before long she was fair-dinkum bushed.
2008 E. Bell Voy. Shuckenoor 303 You'd think they'd be fair-dinkum desperate after sending so many of the kanakas home.
2. Used conversationally to emphasize the truthfulness or sincerity of a remark; also (as a question) to express surprise or doubt, and solicit confirmation: really, truly, ‘honest to God’. Cf. dinkum adv. 1a, really adv.2 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > [adverb] > in fact, actually
in, of feata1400
in effectc1405
effectually1420
really?a1425
literallyc1429
(by) matter in deed1447
indeed1535
in fact1592
merely1596
de facto1602
essentially1604
in point of fact1628
upon1644
in point of event1650
effectively1652
in matter of fact1709
absolutelya1712
substantially1753
actually1762
positively1800
in actual fact1824
factually1852
as matter of fact1871
fair dinkum1891
dinkum1894
'smatter of fact1922
basically1927
1891 Referee (Sydney) 29 Apr. 3/1 There has been some grand sport at the various grounds lately, fair dinkum.
1894 Bulletin (Sydney) 5 May 13/3 ‘And did yer stouch him back?’ ‘No.’.. ‘Fair dinkum?’ ‘Yes.’
1906 E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands vi. 64 ‘Meanin'?’ he pointed to the centre of his breast, and his eyes were round with inquiry. ‘Fair dinkum,’ telegraphed Linda.
1911 L. Stone Jonah i. ix. 106 ‘I don't run after people I don't want,’ said Pinkey, smiling through her tears. ‘Fair dinkum?’ cried Chook.
1969 Sun (Melbourne) 12 July 58/1 Fair dinkum, North's been waiting so long for its ship to come in, the pier's collapsed.
2000 B. Rice Pobby & Dingan (2002) i. 2 ‘We're close, boy. Close. There's definitely something in that earth..!’ ‘Fairdinkum?’
B. n. (and int.)
1. Australian Horse Racing slang. With the. All that is possible; maximum effort; top speed. Cf. sense A. 1a. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1880 Maitland (New S. Wales) Mercury 15 Jan. True Blue..put Lowlander through on Saturday morning over a mile, doing the fair ‘dinkum’ with whip and spur.
2. English regional (Lincolnshire) and Australian.
a. That which is just or equitable; spec. respect for the fair or equal treatment of all concerned, or for the rules of a game or sport; fair play. Occasionally in plural. Now rare.In quot. 1882 reporting a debate in Lincoln.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > rightness or justice > [noun] > fairness or equity > action
fair play?a1500
square play or dealing1592
the square thing1592
fair dealing1609
to do justice to (a person or thing)1610
fair deal1837
fairation1847
fair do's1859
square deal1876
fair dinkum1881
cricket1900
1881 E. Sutton N. Lincs. Words in Orig. Gloss. (Eng. Dial. Soc. Publ. No. 32) 117 Fair-dinkum, that which is just and equitable.
1882 Nottingham Evening Post 23 Feb. 2/6 Fair ‘dinkum’ to all classes of people.
1891 ‘Smiler’ Wanderings Simple Child (ed. 3) 129 ‘Let's have fair dinkum,’ yells Tom, and the next moment he was under the table.
1905 Notes & Queries 4 Mar. 168/2 A defendant in a recent​ police-court case at Lincoln, in complaining​ that the case had been tried in his absence,​ ​said, ‘I loike to have fair doos, and it's not ​fair do​os. I goa straight mi'sen, and I like ​fair dincums.’
1924 J. Harper Splashes from Narran 30 Then Gallant Captain Albert With a love for what is right, Jumped in to see fair dinkum And to try and stop the fight.
b. As int. Used to entreat or enjoin someone to be just, equitable, or honest. Now rare.For similar uses, see be fair at fair adj. and n.1 Phrases 3a(a), fair do's n. at fair adj. and n.1 Compounds 1b.
ΚΠ
1890 A. S. Day Democrat 23 Right ye are partner Dingy, and mind ye, when the job's done, fair dinkum.
1898 E. Sutton in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1900) II. 80/2 [North Lincolnshire] Fair dinkum! fair play!
1900 Warragul (Victoria, Austral.) Guardian 23 Jan. Fair dinkum; don't hit him; don't kick him when he's down.
1908 So Long 116Fair dinkum’, don't deceive me.
C. adj.
1.
a. Originally and chiefly Australian Sport. Of a game, match, etc.: fairly, honestly, or gamely contested; (also of a participant) playing, fighting, etc., with spirit, courage, and integrity. Frequently in fair dinkum go (cf. go n.1 2c).
ΚΠ
1888 Referee (Sydney) 19 Jan. 4/7 A fair dinkum battle between the fist[ic] giants.
1891 Referee (Sydney) 15 Apr. 3/2 He is always a fair dinkum trier and cannot run hotter than second in a heat now.
1891 Otago Witness (Dunedin, N.Z.) 15 Oct. 24/5 It seems to have been a fair ‘dinkum go’ as between him and Stromboli.
1912 Port Pirie (S. Austral.) Recorder 26 Oct. It only remains for the sporting folk of this town to give the ‘fair dinkum’ boxers a go, and there should be some contests worth travelling miles to see.
1934 Austral. Ring 9 No. cviii. 13 You vow that wrestling bouts are ‘fair-dinkum’.
1964 K. Willey Eaters of Lotus iv. 29 The traditional Mule and Blackfellows' races—the latter being the most ‘fair dinkum’ contest of the entire two days.
2013 Northern Territory News (Darwin) (Nexis) 24 Sept. 13 Are we teaching youngsters about camaraderie, respect, participation and having a fair dinkum go; or are we teaching them to win at all costs?
b. gen. Honest, above board; true. Also: fair, just. Cf. dinkum adj. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > rightness or justice > [adjective]
righteOE
rightfula1225
skilful1340
veryc1440
justc1450
fair-minded1645
dextera1734
just-minded1825
square dinkum1888
fair dinkum1912
1912 Bathurst (New S. Wales) Times 22 Nov. Who are the judges; are they fair dinkum blokes?
1974 Bulletin (Sydney) 12 Jan. 16/2 The families have refused to talk to Federal officials... ‘The people in Canberra,’ he said, ‘aren't fair dinkum.’
1995 Autocar 1 Mar. 12/2 They were asking £19,000 for the thing, £500 over guide retail but fair dinkum considering its new £27,495 list price in '92.
2012 Waikato Times (Hamilton, N.Z.) (Nexis) 8 Nov. 16 If politicians were fair dinkum about reducing carbon emissions, surely they would set an example.
2.
a. That is rightly or properly so called; fully matching its description; unadulterated, thoroughgoing; genuine, authentic; real, bona fide. Cf. dinkum adj. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > foundation in fact, validity > [adjective] > authentic > in origin or authorship
authentical1553
authentic1645
genuine1654
ream1851
fair dinkum1906
legit1907
square dinkum1914
1906 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) 2 Sept. 3/1 Real, fair-dinkum kissing in ‘The Man from Mexico’.
1944 F. Clune Red Heart 42 The Simpson Desert..is the only fair-dinkum desert in Australia.
1950 D. Cusack Shoulder Sky in Three Austral. Three-act Plays II. 134 Mum always used to say we'd have a fair dinkum shivoo on me 21st.
1962 ‘Hori’ Half-gallon Jar 59 Well, this wahine Tui was a fair dinkum pulse-quickener.
2012 Sunday Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 19 Feb. (Features section) 70 What started out as good-humoured banter turned into some pretty fair dinkum sledging.
b. Designating a true or quintessential Australian or New Zealander, or something typical or representative of Australian or New Zealand culture. Cf. dinkum adj. 2b.Often with some implication of being honest, open, and egalitarian (cf. senses B. 2, C. 1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Antipodes > native or inhabitant of Australia > [adjective]
currency1827
fair dinkum1915
Oz1971
Ozzie1973
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Antipodes > native or inhabitant of New Zealand > [adjective]
Pakeha1834
fair dinkum1915
1915 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) 30 May 5/1 He's a fair dinkum Australian now—got the office papered with his naturalisation certificate.
1916 Cobram (Victoria, Austral.) Courier 26 Oct. I can't imagine any fair dinkum Australian being against conscription.
1928 N.Z. Truth 20 Sept. 10/4 The only fair dinkum New Zealander to win a world's title.
1974 N. Hilliard Maori Woman ii. 157 Do us all good, a bit of fair dinkum Kiwi music for a change.
1992 Daily Mirror TV Weekly 3 Oct. 3/2 ‘It's a real fair dinkum Aussie suburban wedding,’ says Mark.
2013 Morning Bull. (Rockhampton, Queensland) 2 Dec. 10 So you reckon you're a true blue, fair dinkum Aussie? Maybe even a Queenslander so loyal that you've got XXXX Gold instead of blood pumping through your veins?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adv.n.int.adj.1879
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