exigencen.

Brit.

/ˈɛksᵻdʒ(ə)ns/,

/ˈɛɡzᵻdʒ(ə)ns/, U.S.

/ˈɛksədʒəns/,

/ˈɛɡzədʒəns/

Forms: Middle English– exigence, 1600s exegence.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French exigence; Latin exigentia.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French exigence (French exigence ) requirement, necessity (late 14th cent.), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin exigentia unreasonable demand (Vulgate), need, necessity (12th cent.; from 13th cent. in British sources), requirement (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), exaction, demand (frequently from c1200 in British sources) < classical Latin exigent- , exigēns , present participle of exigere (see exigent n.² and adj.) + -ia -ia suffix¹; compare -ence suffix. Compare Italian esigenza (beginning of the 14th cent.; rare before the late 18th cent.).In sense 4 after French exigence (1824 or earlier in this sense); compare exigeant adj.

I. = exigency n. (The spoken forms of the plural can be indistinguishable.)

1. = exigency n. 1.

a. In singular.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [noun] > that which is necessary

needc1230

necessityc1390

necessary?a1425

exigence1446

requisitec1487

exigency1588

exigents1588

sine qua non1602

essentiala1620

implement1632

indispensable1681

needful1681

simple1858

1446 in J. P. Collier Trevelyan Papers (1857) 79 (MED) We shall..do them dewly to be punysshed after thexigence of theire trespas.

1517 R. Fox Let. 12 June (1929) 100 Soo shall I from tyme to tyme after thexigence of the case advertise youre goode lordeship.

1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. xiv. 87 According to the exigence of that speciall ende whereunto they are intended.

1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy (1647) 92 The nature of his offices..and the whole exigence of the Epistle proclaime him Bishop.

1710 Tatler No. 252. ⁋2 If we drink the least Proportion beyond the Exigence of Thirst.

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 557 Ghostly counsel, if it..fall Below the exigence.

1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 287 Supervisors, with powers adapted to the exigence of the case.

1865 E. Miall Editor off Line i. 2 My walks were determined solely by the exigence of business.

1917 R. Shackleton Bk. N.Y. i. 6 That it should develop skyward is held against the city as one of the most common reproaches; yet this development was but meeting an exigence with sagacity.

1949 D. L. Sayers in tr. Dante Comedy I. Introd. 66 Where my rendering coincides with those of previous verse-translators, the resemblance is fortuitous, being dictated in many cases by the exigence of the rhyme.

2005 P. J. Rossi Social Authority of Reason iv. 79 The exigence of the social conditions in which human beings must live and act triggers the comparisons with others on which we then seek to justify maxims that would exempt us from the universal requirements of the moral law.

b. In plural.

ΚΠ

1613 J. Yakesley tr. St. Francis de Sales Introd. Devoute Life iii. i. 221 Charitie is patient, bountifull, liberall, discreet, and condescending or accommodating it selfe, to all occasions, and exigences of our brethren.

1676 M. Hale Contempl. Moral & Divine i. 443 For the convenient support of the Exigences of my nature and condition.

1724 J. Swift Some Observ. Wood's Half-pence 29 I intreat you will never suffer Mr. Wood to be a Judge of your exigences [1730 exigencies].

1800 J. Thomson Gen. View Agric. in Fife 390 An accumulation of the general stock and revenue of the kingdom, which will furnish large resources for supplying the exigences of the State.

1835 J. H. Cooke Narr. Events South of France 247 The Americans..entrenched, barricaded, and re-entrenched, according to passing exigences.

1900 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 30 June 20486/3 In the center there is an entrance 184 feet in width to permit carriages to enter the large hall for the various exigences of the service.

1956 R. Pascal German Novel ii. x. 298 The longer novels are inchoate,..because of his Romantic disregard for the exigences of the novel-form.

2000 Times (Nexis) 5 Aug. 19 Due to the exigences of the pairing system, the top two..met as early as the second round.

2. = exigency n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > [noun] > extreme or urgent need

exigence1581

heft1587

exigency1589

emergency1716

emergence1781

1581 B. Rich Don Simonides I. sig. Oij Let my materiall sorrowe, bee brought to finall exigence, and woorke thou that by thy cold humour, that can not bee brought to passe by my hotte Loue.

1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island viii. xvi. 110 Their violence..Was none, or weak in time of greatest exigence.

1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 130 So many..as will suffice in time of Exigence.

1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 113 I never knew such exigence As the last winter all my life, Having five young ones and a wife.

1781 Crit. Rev. Feb. 129 Craft and duplicity are blemishes from which he appears to have been exempted; or if ever they be perceptible, we ought in candour to impute them to the political exigence of the times.

1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. x. 237 A churchwarden who feels the exigence of whitewash.

1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iv. 91 He took a backforemost pleasure in the recklessness with which he supplied his brother's exigence.

1920 D. H. Parker Princ. Aesthetics xiii. 300 The practical life may enter into the aesthetic, and that which grows out of exigence may develop into freedom.

1951 S. Spender World within World iv. 247 Political exigence was never a justification for lies.

2013 D. V. Porpora et al. Post-Ethical Soc. vii. 177 It is also possible for rhetors serving their own agendas to attempt to create a collective sense of exigence where one does not objectively exist.

3. = exigency n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > difficult state of things > sudden, extreme, or emergency

needOE

needinga1400

exigentc1475

plunge1519

opportunity1526

push1563

dead lift1567

heft1587

exigence1588

exigency1601

emergent1620

lift1624

emergencya1631

emergencea1676

emergementa1734

amplush1827

crisis1848

situation1954

1588 J. Harvey Discoursiue Probl. conc. Prophesies Ep. Ded. sig. A4 Vpon euery new occasion, strange accident, perilous exigence..to feede the working humor of busie and tumultuous heads.

1643 True Informer 15 His Majesty..summoned all his Nobles to appeare, to advise with them in this exigence.

1671 J. Crowne Juliana iv. 40 A Warlike Fantome, By heaven created for this exigence.

1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi ii. iv. 11/2 Mr. Winthrop..being..in this Exigence chosen the Governour.

1726 D. Defoe Polit. Hist. Devil i. xi. 176 GOD himself reliev'd them [sc. the Israelites] in every Exigence.

1787 J. Wesley Let. 17 Dec. (1931) VIII. 27 The best method to be used in this exigence is fasting and prayer.

1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet III. x. 316 Escape..as unexpected as the exigence was threatening.

1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xvii. 434 Falstaff is equal to any exigence.

1909 J. L. Lewinsohn in Business Admin. 68 To protect the seller in such an exigence, the law gives him the right of stoppage in transitu.

2008 Times (Nexis) 30 July 25 This royalty income could be regarded as a form of pension for those who have survived the exigences of a freelance existence.

II. Senses particular to the -ence form.

4. The state or fact of demanding a great deal; exactingness.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > strictness > [noun] > exactingness

exactiveness1628

exigence1839

exactingness1866

1839 Lady Lytton Cheveley I. ii. 35 Mortgaging my time and patience by her exigence every hour in the day.

1859 A. Helps Friends in Council New Ser. II. 102 The habit of exigence. That last is not a common English word.

1876 Galaxy June 792/2 She is anxious to make her sons gentlemen; hence her exigence in demanding breeding in their tutor.

1903 E. W. Pugh Stumbling-Block xxxiv. 291 Saxon always sat with her at such times, reading to her..trying to amuse her with talk, obedient to her lightest whim and caprice. Her exigence at such times was exhausting.

1970 I. Feldman Magic Papers 44 You will write..in French, And with endless lovely women, Fleeing their heavy husbands' exigence, Play duets upon the piano.

1995 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 25 Oct. The ‘glamorous’ life reveals itself..as one of..unreasonable behaviour from listeners who see no difference between devotion and exigence.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	exigence
释义	exigencen. Brit. /ˈɛksᵻdʒ(ə)ns/, /ˈɛɡzᵻdʒ(ə)ns/, U.S. /ˈɛksədʒəns/, /ˈɛɡzədʒəns/ Forms: Middle English– exigence, 1600s exegence. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French exigence; Latin exigentia. Etymology: < (i) Middle French exigence (French exigence ) requirement, necessity (late 14th cent.), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin exigentia unreasonable demand (Vulgate), need, necessity (12th cent.; from 13th cent. in British sources), requirement (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), exaction, demand (frequently from c1200 in British sources) < classical Latin exigent- , exigēns , present participle of exigere (see exigent n.² and adj.) + -ia -ia suffix¹; compare -ence suffix. Compare Italian esigenza (beginning of the 14th cent.; rare before the late 18th cent.).In sense 4 after French exigence (1824 or earlier in this sense); compare exigeant adj. I. = exigency n. (The spoken forms of the plural can be indistinguishable.) 1. = exigency n. 1. a. In singular. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [noun] > that which is necessary needc1230 necessityc1390 necessary?a1425 exigence1446 requisitec1487 exigency1588 exigents1588 sine qua non1602 essentiala1620 implement1632 indispensable1681 needful1681 simple1858 1446 in J. P. Collier Trevelyan Papers (1857) 79 (MED) We shall..do them dewly to be punysshed after thexigence of theire trespas. 1517 R. Fox Let. 12 June (1929) 100 Soo shall I from tyme to tyme after thexigence of the case advertise youre goode lordeship. 1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. xiv. 87 According to the exigence of that speciall ende whereunto they are intended. 1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy (1647) 92 The nature of his offices..and the whole exigence of the Epistle proclaime him Bishop. 1710 Tatler No. 252. ⁋2 If we drink the least Proportion beyond the Exigence of Thirst. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 557 Ghostly counsel, if it..fall Below the exigence. 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. ix. 287 Supervisors, with powers adapted to the exigence of the case. 1865 E. Miall Editor off Line i. 2 My walks were determined solely by the exigence of business. 1917 R. Shackleton Bk. N.Y. i. 6 That it should develop skyward is held against the city as one of the most common reproaches; yet this development was but meeting an exigence with sagacity. 1949 D. L. Sayers in tr. Dante Comedy I. Introd. 66 Where my rendering coincides with those of previous verse-translators, the resemblance is fortuitous, being dictated in many cases by the exigence of the rhyme. 2005 P. J. Rossi Social Authority of Reason iv. 79 The exigence of the social conditions in which human beings must live and act triggers the comparisons with others on which we then seek to justify maxims that would exempt us from the universal requirements of the moral law. b. In plural. ΚΠ 1613 J. Yakesley tr. St. Francis de Sales Introd. Devoute Life iii. i. 221 Charitie is patient, bountifull, liberall, discreet, and condescending or accommodating it selfe, to all occasions, and exigences of our brethren. 1676 M. Hale Contempl. Moral & Divine i. 443 For the convenient support of the Exigences of my nature and condition. 1724 J. Swift Some Observ. Wood's Half-pence 29 I intreat you will never suffer Mr. Wood to be a Judge of your exigences [1730 exigencies]. 1800 J. Thomson Gen. View Agric. in Fife 390 An accumulation of the general stock and revenue of the kingdom, which will furnish large resources for supplying the exigences of the State. 1835 J. H. Cooke Narr. Events South of France 247 The Americans..entrenched, barricaded, and re-entrenched, according to passing exigences. 1900 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 30 June 20486/3 In the center there is an entrance 184 feet in width to permit carriages to enter the large hall for the various exigences of the service. 1956 R. Pascal German Novel ii. x. 298 The longer novels are inchoate,..because of his Romantic disregard for the exigences of the novel-form. 2000 Times (Nexis) 5 Aug. 19 Due to the exigences of the pairing system, the top two..met as early as the second round. 2. = exigency n. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > [noun] > extreme or urgent need exigence1581 heft1587 exigency1589 emergency1716 emergence1781 1581 B. Rich Don Simonides I. sig. Oij Let my materiall sorrowe, bee brought to finall exigence, and woorke thou that by thy cold humour, that can not bee brought to passe by my hotte Loue. 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island viii. xvi. 110 Their violence..Was none, or weak in time of greatest exigence. 1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 130 So many..as will suffice in time of Exigence. 1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 113 I never knew such exigence As the last winter all my life, Having five young ones and a wife. 1781 Crit. Rev. Feb. 129 Craft and duplicity are blemishes from which he appears to have been exempted; or if ever they be perceptible, we ought in candour to impute them to the political exigence of the times. 1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. x. 237 A churchwarden who feels the exigence of whitewash. 1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iv. 91 He took a backforemost pleasure in the recklessness with which he supplied his brother's exigence. 1920 D. H. Parker Princ. Aesthetics xiii. 300 The practical life may enter into the aesthetic, and that which grows out of exigence may develop into freedom. 1951 S. Spender World within World iv. 247 Political exigence was never a justification for lies. 2013 D. V. Porpora et al. Post-Ethical Soc. vii. 177 It is also possible for rhetors serving their own agendas to attempt to create a collective sense of exigence where one does not objectively exist. 3. = exigency n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > difficult state of things > sudden, extreme, or emergency needOE needinga1400 exigentc1475 plunge1519 opportunity1526 push1563 dead lift1567 heft1587 exigence1588 exigency1601 emergent1620 lift1624 emergencya1631 emergencea1676 emergementa1734 amplush1827 crisis1848 situation1954 1588 J. Harvey Discoursiue Probl. conc. Prophesies Ep. Ded. sig. A4 Vpon euery new occasion, strange accident, perilous exigence..to feede the working humor of busie and tumultuous heads. 1643 True Informer 15 His Majesty..summoned all his Nobles to appeare, to advise with them in this exigence. 1671 J. Crowne Juliana iv. 40 A Warlike Fantome, By heaven created for this exigence. 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi ii. iv. 11/2 Mr. Winthrop..being..in this Exigence chosen the Governour. 1726 D. Defoe Polit. Hist. Devil i. xi. 176 GOD himself reliev'd them [sc. the Israelites] in every Exigence. 1787 J. Wesley Let. 17 Dec. (1931) VIII. 27 The best method to be used in this exigence is fasting and prayer. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet III. x. 316 Escape..as unexpected as the exigence was threatening. 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xvii. 434 Falstaff is equal to any exigence. 1909 J. L. Lewinsohn in Business Admin. 68 To protect the seller in such an exigence, the law gives him the right of stoppage in transitu. 2008 Times (Nexis) 30 July 25 This royalty income could be regarded as a form of pension for those who have survived the exigences of a freelance existence. II. Senses particular to the -ence form. 4. The state or fact of demanding a great deal; exactingness. ΘΚΠ society > authority > strictness > [noun] > exactingness exactiveness1628 exigence1839 exactingness1866 1839 Lady Lytton Cheveley I. ii. 35 Mortgaging my time and patience by her exigence every hour in the day. 1859 A. Helps Friends in Council New Ser. II. 102 The habit of exigence. That last is not a common English word. 1876 Galaxy June 792/2 She is anxious to make her sons gentlemen; hence her exigence in demanding breeding in their tutor. 1903 E. W. Pugh Stumbling-Block xxxiv. 291 Saxon always sat with her at such times, reading to her..trying to amuse her with talk, obedient to her lightest whim and caprice. Her exigence at such times was exhausting. 1970 I. Feldman Magic Papers 44 You will write..in French, And with endless lovely women, Fleeing their heavy husbands' exigence, Play duets upon the piano. 1995 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 25 Oct. The ‘glamorous’ life reveals itself..as one of..unreasonable behaviour from listeners who see no difference between devotion and exigence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1446
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