exhaustn.
/ᵻɡˈzɔːst/, /ɛɡˈzɔːst/, U.S. /ɪɡˈzɔst/, /ɛɡˈzɔst/, /ɪɡˈzɑst/, /ɛɡˈzɑst/ The process or means of exhausting.
1.
a.
(a) Steam-engine. The exit of steam from the cylinder after having done its work in propelling the piston; the passage through which this takes place; = eduction n. 5 (Also in similar sense with reference to water-power and gas engines.)Etymologically, this is appropriate only to the case of a low-pressure engine, in which the steam is literally ‘exhausted’ from the cylinder by opening communication with the condenser; but when high-pressure engines were introduced, the word continued to be used as a synonym of eduction n., which it has almost superseded.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > steam > aperture for
scape-pipe1838
eduction1839
nozzle1839
port1839
exhaust1848
porthole1854
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > steam > exit of waste steam
eduction1744
exhaust1848
exhaustion1849
1848 Pract. Mech. Jrnl. 1 44 I have before seen double valves with the duplex steam passages, but in all of them the exhaust was single.
1865 Burgh Slide Valve 71 In some instances an increase is deemed necessary to allow a more free exhaust.
1875 R. F. Martin tr. J. Havrez On Recent Improvem. Winding Machinery 76 Back~pressure in the exhaust, owing to the large masses of steam which are suddenly let out through contracted..passages.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 487 If during the back stroke the process of exhaust is discontinued before the end.
1889 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 322 The rapid pulse-like beats of the exhaust [in a locomotive].
1890 Engineer 30 May 441 No choking of the exhaust can prevent an increase of speed.
(b) The expulsion of combustion products from the cylinder of an internal-combustion engine, the products so expelled, or the valve or pipe by which they escape.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > removal or expulsion of products or deposits
scavenging1894
exhaust1896
decarbonization1912
scavenge1912
decoke1962
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > parts of > exhaust pipes or apertures
breather pipe1886
exhaust1896
port1913
downpipe1917
plug nozzle1954
1896 B. Donkin Text-bk. Gas, Oil, & Air Engines (ed. 2) ii. xxvii. 391 The engine, oil tanks, and exhaust are arranged in the same way as in the Capitaine launches.
1902 Daily Chron. 4 Sept. 7/4 The exhausts crackling like quick firers.
1904 A. B. F. Young Compl. Motorist iii. 53 The problem of silencing has been to reduce the sound of the exhaust to a minimum and to retain the maximum of power given off by the engine.
1906 Macmillan's Mag. Nov. 60 Offensive exhaust is the Committee's polite name for what..we must dignify with its proper title, an intolerable stink.
1912 Motor Man. (ed. 14) 235 There is no mistaking the somewhat pungent odour of an over-rich mixture exhaust, whilst an excessively over-rich mixture produces a ‘black’ exhaust.
1915 D. O. Barnett Let. in In Happy Memory 176 Suddenly he blew a cloud of smoke out of his exhaust, and up went his tail, and he began going down in spirals.
1957 Encycl. Brit. VII. 348/2 The four-stroke cycle engine operates as follows: (1) intake..; (2) compression..; (3) power..; (4) exhaust.
1961 L. Mumford City in Hist. x. 296 The reek of gasoline exhaust.
b. The process of exhausting (a vessel) of air; the degree to which exhaustion is carried.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [noun] > emptiness > emptying > emptying a vessel of air, etc.
exhaustion1661
exhausting1827
exhaust1880
1880 W. De La Rue in Nature 13 May 33/2 The greatest exhaust that we have produced, 0·000055 millim.
1880 W. De La Rue in Nature 13 May 33/2 As the exhaust is carried further it becomes a pale milky white.
2.
a. The production of an outward current of air by creating a partial vacuum.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > [noun] > producing blast or current of air > blowing outwards or emission of air > due to creation of partial vacuum
exhaust1852
1852 Pract. Mech. Jrnl. 5 54 A free and copious exhaust is secured on both sides of the cylinder [fan].
b. Any apparatus for effecting this. Cf. exhaust-fan n. at Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > [noun] > device for producing blast of air > for producing outward current
exhaust-fan1874
expirator1875
exhaust1884
1884 Bath Herald 27 Dec. 6/4 An exhaust [in a flour mill] carries away the lightest particles.
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 11 Oct. 11/1 There are two great exhausts to draw off smoke and heat from the stage.
1889 Daily News 2 Jan. 2/4 A steam exhaust, which produces an artificial air current.
Compounds
C1. General attributive, esp. denoting parts of steam or internal combustion engines.
ΚΠ
1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. Exhaust Chamber, a chamber in the smoke-box of a locomotive, so placed as to prevent the unequal draft of the tubes.
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Exhaust Edges, the inner edges, or the edges of the hollow or D portion of a slide valve, by which the exhaust steam is cut off.
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Exhaust Line, the bottom line of an indicator diagram, which represents the manner of the exhaustion of steam in an engine cylinder.
1896 W. S. Taggart Cotton Spinning I. 66 This fan, by creating a partial vacuum of a sufficient degree of rarity, enables the current of air which rushes in to replace the air taken out to force loose cotton considerable distances along tubes, whether they be straight or curved. The machine, on this account, is often called an exhaust opener.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 190/1 The vaporizer..is surrounded by the exhaust jacket.
C2.
exhaust-box n.
ΚΠ
1903 Motoring Ann. 141 Few things are more annoying than an intermittent, loud report from the exhaust box of a petrol motor.
1912 Motor Man. (ed. 14) 235 A car that is addicted to exhaust-box explosions.
exhaust-cylinder n.
ΚΠ
1892 Daily News 4 Oct. 3/3 The proceeds of combustion pass from an exhaust cylinder in form of a gas that cannot be seen.
exhaust-gas n.
ΚΠ
1902 R. J. Mecredy in A. C. Harmsworth et al. Motors & Motor-driving (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) vii. 118 The exhaust pipe from the engine which conducts off the exhaust gases after they have done their work in the cylinder.
1904 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 212/1 In gas and oil engines the exhaust gases consist of the products of combustion, together with any unburnt gases remaining after the explosion.
a1930 D. H. Lawrence Last Poems (1932) 32 The weather in town is always benzine, or else petrol fumes Lubricating oil, exhaust gas.
exhaust-lap n.
ΚΠ
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. 130 Exhaust lap, the reduction or narrowing of the inner faces of a slide valve to less than that distance which would correspond with a length measured between the inner edges of the steam ports, by which difference the ports are closed earlier than they would be if their edges coincided exactly with those of the arch of the valve.
1889 P. N. Hasluck Model Engin. Handybk. (1900) 115 The projection on the inside or exhaust side of the face is called the inside or exhaust lap.
exhaust-manifold n.
ΚΠ
1919 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (Royal Aeronaut. Soc.) 48 The exhaust pipe extends from the exhaust manifold to the silencer.
exhaust-passage n.
ΚΠ
1848 Varley Specif. Patent 12,238 2 Exhaust-passage.
1854 Pract. Mech. Jrnl. 6 115 As the exhaust passage [in a water pressure engine] is open to the pipe, the waste water passes off through this pipe.
exhaust-pipe n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > exhaust-pipe
exhaust-pipe1889
exhaust stack1927
tail-pipe1956
stack1961
1889 Cent. Dict. Exhaust-pipe, in a steam-engine, the pipe that conveys waste steam from the cylinder to the condenser, or through which it escapes to the atmosphere.
1902Exhaust pipe [see exhaust-gas n.]. exhaust-stroke n.
ΚΠ
1894 B. Donkin Text-bk. Gas, Oil, & Air Engines i. i. 16 There are always two strokes, the forward or motor stroke, and the return or exhaust stroke.
1913 W. E. Dommett Motor Car Mech. 8 On the next up stroke, and the exhaust valve being open, the burnt gases are forced out of the cylinder, the piston performing the exhaust stroke.
exhaust-valve n.
ΚΠ
1848 Varley Specif. Patent 12,238 2 The two exhaust valves.
1899 Motor-Car World I. 54/2 To the casual observer the greatest failing of the Bollée is the noise, but to the owner the exhaust valve will probably be the most troublesome part.
1919 H. Shaw Text-bk. Aeronaut. x. 118 When the piston is nearing its lowest position, the exhaust valve is opened by a cam.
C3.
exhaust-fan n. (= earlier exhausting fan), a fan for producing a current by creating a vacuum.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > moving air > [noun] > device for producing blast of air > for producing outward current
exhaust-fan1874
expirator1875
exhaust1884
the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [noun] > supplying fresh air or ventilation > fan > other types of fan
fanny1842
electric fan1868
exhaust-fan1874
suction fan1874
blast-fan1879
turbofan1911
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 815/2 Exhaust-fan.
1882 Birmingham Weekly Post 24 June 3/7 An exhaust fan for drying hay and corn in the stack.
exhaust fumes n. originally U.S. the gases emitted through the exhaust system of a motor vehicle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > [noun] > fumes or vapour > noxious vapour or gas > other noxious vapours or gases
sewer-gas1849
autogas1914
exhaust fumes1937
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > [noun] > motor vehicle > expressing speed or acceleration > exhaust fumes
autogas1914
exhaust fumes1937
1937 Amer. Jrnl. Public Health 27 322/1 The exhaust fumes of internal combustion engines introduce gases, both malodorous and otherwise, capable of producing nausea, headache, and, in extreme concentrations, death.
1975 B. Bainbridge Sweet William ii. 62 The absurd man climbed back into his car and drove away in a cloud of exhaust fumes.
exhaust injector n. an injector for feeding a steam-boiler with water, worked by exhaust steam.
ΚΠ
1890 Engineer LXX. 473 We have for years made exhaust injectors that..utilise waste steam.
exhaust-port n. the opening in the slide-valve of a steam-engine for the escape of exhaust-steam (= exhaust-passage n. at Compounds 2).
ΚΠ
1848 Pract. Mech. Jrnl. 1 44 The central exhaust port of the slide valve.
exhaust-steam n. the waste steam discharged from the cylinder of a steam-engine.
ΚΠ
1848 Pract. Mech. Jrnl. 1 80 The exhaust steam from the cylinders.
1890 Engineer 7 Nov. 386 (title) Treatment and Utilisation of exhaust steam.
Draft additions 1993
exhaust stack n. (stack n. 5b).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > locomotive > steam locomotive > chimney of
smokestack1875
chimney1878
exhaust stack1927
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [noun] > outlet for exhaust gases
exhaust stack1927
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > exhaust-pipe
exhaust-pipe1889
exhaust stack1927
tail-pipe1956
stack1961
1927 Aviation 24 1763/1 This end weighs no more than a short exhaust stack and offers less air resistance.
1956 C. L. Coombes Locomotive Cycl. (ed. 15) 19/1 Exhaust stack, the ducts placed on top of the hood or cab to convey the exhaust gases away from the locomotive.
1985 Truck & Driver June 23/2 His tall exhaust stacks are made in Holland by the Giddy-up Go concern and have so far stood up well to some foul English weather.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
† exhaustadj.
Obsolete.
I. As a past participle.
1. (In various senses of the verb.)
ΚΠ
1524 T. Wolsey Let. 15 Jan. in R. Fiddes Life Wolsey (1724) Collect. 143 The enemy exhaust of money.
1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xxxii. f. 73v Charges inforced, haue exhauste..the more parte of your substance.
1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) viii They..when their quivers are exhaust, must flee.
1649 Lanc. Tracts (Chetham Soc.) 278 Most men's estates being..now almost quite exhauste by the present scarsity.
1654 R. Codrington tr. Justinus Hist. 121 The Kingdom exhaused of souldiers did much distract him.
1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 124 When the alien compost is exhaust, Its Native Poverty again prevails.
II. Adjectival uses.
2. = exhausted adj. in various senses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [adjective]
wearyc825
asadc1306
ateyntc1325
attaintc1325
recrayed1340
methefula1350
for-wearya1375
matea1375
taintc1380
heavy1382
fortireda1400
methefula1400
afoundered?a1425
tewedc1440
travailedc1440
wearisomec1460
fatigate1471
defatigatec1487
tired1488
recreant1490
yolden?1507
fulyeit?a1513
traiked?a1513
tavert1535
wearied1538
fatigated1552
awearya1555
forwearied1562
overtired1567
spenta1568
done1575
awearied1577
stank1579
languishinga1586
bankrupt?1589
fordone1590
spent1591
overwearied1592
overworn1592
outworn1597
half-dead1601
back-broken1603
tiry1611
defatigated1612
dog-wearya1616
overweary1617
exhaust1621
worn-out1639
embossed1651
outspent1652
exhausted1667
beaten1681
bejaded1687
harassed1693
jaded1693
lassate1694
defeata1732
beat out1758
fagged1764
dog-tired1770
fessive1773
done-up1784
forjeskit1786
ramfeezled1786
done-over1789
fatigued1791
forfoughten1794
worn-up1812
dead1813
out-burnta1821
prostrate1820
dead beat1822
told out1822
bone-tireda1825
traiky1825
overfatigued1834
outwearied1837
done like (a) dinner1838
magged1839
used up1839
tuckered outc1840
drained1855
floored1857
weariful1862
wappered1868
bushed1870
bezzled1875
dead-beaten1875
down1885
tucked up1891
ready (or fit) to drop1892
buggered-up1893
ground-down1897
played1897
veal-bled1899
stove-up1901
trachled1910
ragged1912
beat up1914
done in1917
whacked1919
washy1922
pooped1928
shattered1930
punchy1932
shagged1932
shot1939
whipped1940
buggered1942
flaked (out)1942
fucked1949
sold-out1958
wiped1958
burnt out1959
wrung out1962
juiced1965
hanging1971
zonked1972
maxed1978
raddled1978
zoned1980
cream crackered1983
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > using up, expending, or consuming > [adjective] > using up completely > used up completely
spentc1440
spent1620
exhaust1621
exhausted1656
tired1766
run-out1795
used up1837
played-out1856
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. vi. 85 Intemperate, dissolute, exhauste through riot.
1624 Bp. F. White Replie to Iesuit Fishers Answere 555 Contemning the merits of Christ, accounting the same drie and exhaust.
1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 185 The eager Flames..doe drie Bodies, and render them exhaust and Saplesse.
1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. ii. xliii His brain In time would be exhaust and void of wit.
1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 55 Reject the apple-cheese tho quite exhaust.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
exhaustv.
/ᵻɡˈzɔːst/, /ɛɡˈzɔːst/, U.S. /ɪɡˈzɔst/, /ɛɡˈzɔst/, /ɪɡˈzɑst/, /ɛɡˈzɑst/ 1. † b. To take a draught of; to drink or suck up. Cf. Latin exhaurire vinum. Obsolete.
a. transitive. To draw off or out (now only, air); literal and figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > extract gas or liquid
exhaust1540
draina1552
to draw off1594
uncask1594
spring1597
carry1602
tap1602
milka1628
to carry off1677
evacuate1719
drafta1875
aspirate1880
bleed1889
1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 24 Innumerable summes of monei, crafteli exhausted out of this realme.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 120 The Babe Whose dimpled smiles from Fooles exhaust their mercy. View more context for this quotation
1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry ii. sig. D3 Your thanklesse cruelty And sauage manners..Exhaust these flouds [of tears].
1665 G. Harvey Disc. Plague 23 Exhaust a convenient proportion of bloud.
1705 W. Derham in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 319 Those..with double Barrells..exhaust the air with greater ease and quickness.
1727 M. Earbery tr. T. Burnet Of State of Dead I. vi. 157 These things we have exhausted from the sacred Scriptures.
1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 101 Exhaust the air from beneath the bladder.
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table xii. 353 Putting an animal under the bell of an air-pump and exhausting the air from it.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)]
drinkc1000
bite?c1225
touchc1384
supc1400
neck?1518
exhaust1555
lug1577
pipe?1578
to suck at1584
slup1598
reswill1614
imbibe1621
tug1698
absorb1821
tipple1824
inhaust1848
down1869
1555 in R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 354v The dragon..thrusteth his heade into his [the Elephant's] tronke and exhausteth his breeth.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §360 Some that have kept Chamelions..might observe their Bellies to swell after they had exhausted the air.
1679 W. Jane Serm. 11 Apr. 8 Salmanasser..like an insatiable gulph devoured and exhausted all.
2. † b. in weaker sense: To expend, spend. Obsolete.
a. To use up completely (either a material or immaterial thing); to expend the whole of; to consume entirely.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > devour, engulf, or consume (of fire, water, etc.) > consume or destroy wastefully (time, money, etc.)
to wear out1390
exhaust1541
horse-leech1679
to eat up1680
racket1753
to run into the ground1836
short1979
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > using up, expending, or consuming > use up, expend, or consume [verb (transitive)] > use up completely or exhaust
stanch1338
exhaust1541
soak1577
tire1589
to suck dry1592
to run away with1622
exantlate1660
to spin out1718
rack1778
overteem1818
deplete1850
to stream out1894
1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) ii. vii. 18 b The fyre hathe not exhausted the moysture of them.
a1704 J. Locke Thoughts on Conduct of Understanding (1754) §24 Though the knowledge they have left us be worth our study, yet they exhausted not all its treasures.
1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 32 Here point your Thunder, and exhaust your Rage!
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋14 A student may easily exhaust his life in comparing divines and moralists.
1786 E. Burke Articles of Charge against W. Hastings in Wks. (1842) II. 125 Whatever relief was given..the same was soon exhausted.
1852 H. Rogers Eclipse of Faith 223 How do they almost exhaust the resources of language to express their sentiments.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > spend [verb (transitive)]
aspendc885
doOE
spendc1175
spenec1175
dispendc1330
bewarec1374
bestow1377
suckc1380
unpursea1393
warea1417
stowc1440
to lay outc1449
spone1456
expend1477
expend1484
impendc1486
ware?a1513
deburse?1529
disburse1530
defray1543
unburse1570
outlay1573
to lay forth1584
sweat1592
vent1612
dispursea1616
exhaust1616
to set forth1622
waste1639
depursea1648
fence1699
douse1759
shut1797
shift1923
1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Exhaust to consume, spend, or waste.
1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (xvii. 13–14 Paraphr.) 87 To leave abundantly to their children..having no care of charity or mercy to others, on which to exhaust anything.
c. To account for or utilize the whole number or quantity of (anything).
ΚΠ
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. i. 23 In the same manner as Mathematical Quantities are exhausted by the Terms of an infinite Series.
1817 J. Bentham Chrestomathia Pt. II 241 The parts..exhaust..the contents of the whole.
1846 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic (ed. 2) iii. xxv. §6 There have taken place a sufficient number of drawings to exhaust all the possible combinations.
1874 J. Morley On Compromise 174 Good ideas are not all exhausted by the ancient forms.
3.
a. To empty by drawing the contents off or out; to drain; to empty of (specified contents).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty > empty of (something)
void13..
empty1526
dischargec1530
exhaust1614
1614 W. Alexander Doomes-day iii. lxxvi. sig. K4 The litle Brookes exhausted in their Springs.
1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall Proem 19 We never were able totally to exhaust the Receiver.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 110 The..Udders never fail; But when they seem exhausted swell the Pail. View more context for this quotation
1784 Watt Specif. Patent 1432 Which vessel [a condenser] by cooling and condensing part of the steam does partly exhaust the steam vessel [i.e. the cylinder].
1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. (ed. 3) II. 138 Having..closed my nostrils and exhausted my lungs.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. iii. 245 A tube which could be exhausted of air.
1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (ed. 6) I. ii. 38 Let us suppose the glass tube..to be exhausted by an air-pump.
b. reflexive. Of a river: To empty itself. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > action of river > [verb (reflexive)] > disembogue
empty1553
shed1555
unburden1578
disburden1600
discharge1600
void1600
dischannel1607
disgorge1607
disengorge1610
enwave1628
expose1632
engulf1634
degorge1635
exhaust1833
1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Eng. & English iii. i The waters of Terek exhaust themselves in the Caspian Sea.
c. intransitive. Of steam: To escape from the cylinder after doing its work; cf. exhaust n. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > operate steam engine [verb (intransitive)] > of steam: escape
exhaust1851
1851 Pract. Mech. Jrnl. 4 146 The steam exhausts through the centre opening.
1865 Burgh Slide Valve 52 Before the steam can exhaust, the valve must open the same port.
4. To draw out all that is essential or interesting in (an object of investigation or exposition); to treat or study (a subject) so as to leave nothing further to be explained or discovered.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > intellectual command, mastery > have mastery of [verb] > omitting nothing
exhaust1705
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy Pref. sig. A4 There are still several of these Topicks that are far from being exhausted.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 150. ⁋6 He who..soon exhausts any single subject, is always eager for new enquiries.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 66 Hooke was considered to have exhausted the history of the Roman Republic.
1860 R. C. Trench Serm. in Westm. Abbey ix. 92 It is not easy to exhaust them [words of Scripture] so to draw out all their meaning.
1875 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (ed. 2) ix. i. 301 We do not easily exhaust the mind of another.
5. To drain (a person, kingdom, etc.) of strength or resources, or (a soil) of nutritive ingredients; hence, to weary out, enfeeble extremely.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > using up, expending, or consuming > use up, expend, or consume [verb (transitive)] > exhaust the resources of
bankrupt1593
exhaust1631
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > exhaust land [verb (transitive)] > exhaust
wear?1507
to wear out1586
drive1645
to run out1698
overcrop1743
exhaust1787
overteem1818
skin1845
nigger1859
overplant1890
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (transitive)]
wearyc897
tirea1000
travailc1300
forwearya1325
taryc1375
tarc1440
matec1450
break1483
labour1496
overwearya1500
wear?1507
to wear out, forth1525
fatigate1535
stress1540
overtire1558
forwaste1563
to tire out1563
overwear1578
spend1582
out-tire1596
outwear1596
outweary1596
overspend1596
to toil out1596
attediate1603
bejade1620
lassate1623
harassa1626
overtask1628
tax1672
hag1674
trash1685
hatter1687
overtax1692
fatigue1693
to knock up1740
tire to death1740
overfatigue1741
fag1774
outdo1776
to do over1789
to use up1790
jade1798
overdo1817
frazzlea1825
worry1828
to sew up1837
to wear to death1840
to take it (also a lot, too much, etc.) out of (a person)1847
gruel1850
to stump up1853
exhaust1860
finish1864
peter1869
knacker1886
grind1887
tew1893
crease1925
poop1931
raddle1951
the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily weakness > weakening > weaken [verb (transitive)]
unstrengea1225
unstrength?c1225
feeblea1340
affeeblea1400
weakc1400
affeeblishc1450
enfeeblisha1492
pallc1500
weaken1569
effeeblish?1572
unstrengthen1598
labefy1620
unnerve1621
unmasculate1639
unbrace1711
sinka1715
infirmize1751
slacken1778
exhaust1860
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. xcv. 364 The Kingdome was much exhausted of men and mony.
c1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. (J.) Spermatick matter of a vitious sort..exhausts it [the blood] of its best spirits.
1707 J. Addison Present State War in Wks. (1746) III. 253 The French monarchy is already exhausted of its best and bravest subjects.
1711 Earl of Oxford in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. ii. 409 IV. 266 This the Queen has done..notwithstanding the great need we have of peace, and that the nation is exhausted.
a1714 J. Sharp Serm. (1754) III. iii. 44 There is no man that thinks warmly..upon a thing, but mightily exhausts his spirits.
1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 31 Lime..exhausts the earth by absorbing its oily particles.
1798 J. Ferriar Illustr. Sterne 233 Great exertions seem to exhaust the moral, as well as the physical world.
1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire V. xlii. 41 The inhospitable wilderness was exhausted of its scanty resources.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xi. 79 The thought of being absolutely exhausted had never occurred to me.
1886 W. Stubbs 17 Lect. Study Hist. x. 230 The Thirty Years' War exhausted Germany.
6. Used for exhance v.
ΚΠ
1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre ii. iii. 50 The priuiledge whereof doth..exhaust and raise up his entertainment.
Draft additions 1993
d. Of (part of) an engine or other machine: to discharge or emit exhaust fumes or other gases. Also figurative. Originally U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > of an engine: operative [verb (intransitive)] > discharge fumes
exhaust1908
1908 Automobile 13 Feb. 213/1 I took off the exhaust pipes..and..found one of the elbows completely stopped up with carbon salts, having only an opening as big around as a lead pencil, to exhaust through.
a1935 in Z. N. Hurston Mules & Men App. I. 323 Here come a woman walking 'cross the field, Her mouth exhausting like an automobile.
1955 W. H. Crouse Automotive Engines vi. 163 The exhaust manifolds..are interconnected by a crossover pipe, and they exhaust through a common muffler and tail pipe.
1971 Sci. Amer. Aug. 107/1 Gas pressure in the accelerator tube is controlled by a pair of oil diffusion pumps that operate in series and exhaust into a mechanical air pump.
1984 Sci. Amer. Dec. 35/2 The DC10 rear engine extends straight through the tail fin, whereas the Lockheed L1011 tail engine exhausts through the end of the fuselage.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1848
adj.1524
v.1540