† espyn.

Forms: Also Middle English esspie, Middle English aspy n. See also spy n.

Etymology: < Old French espie, < espier : see espy n., spy v. Compare Spanish espia, Italian spia.

Obsolete.

a. The action of espying; espial, espionage.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > [noun]

spying1338

espying1340

espialc1386

espyc1386

spyc1450

especiala1500

spieryc1588

intelligence1602

worming1607

scouting1644

espionage1793

spyism1847

spydom1859

obbo1933

great game1936

spooking1977

c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋60 In such a wyse that thou ne wante noon espye ne wacche thy body for to save.

c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 2588 Of here espie no thing thei wist.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 203 Of these he made subtile inuestigation Of his owne espie, and other mens relation.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 168 The Eagle..Sharpe warre..did prepare Gainst Serpent..after espy.

b. In Wyclif the form aspye occurs often in the sense ‘snare, ambush’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > [noun]

neteOE

angleOE

grinc1000

trapc1175

caltropa1300

lacec1330

girnc1375

espyc1380

webc1400

hook1430

settingc1430

lure1463

stall?a1500

stalea1529

toil1548

intrap1550

hose-net1554

gudgeon1577

mousetrap1577

trapfall1596

ensnarementa1617

decoy1655

cobweba1657

trepan1665

snap1844

deadfall1860

Judas1907

tanglefoot1908

catch-221963

trip-wire1971

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 363 Aspies þat þe fend haþ leid.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxi. 13 If eny man of avysement sle his neiȝbour and by aspyes.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. iii. 15 Thou schalt sette aspies to hir heele.]

2. concrete. [compare sentinel, watch, etc.] A spy.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > [noun] > a secret observer, spy > a spy or scout

spy13..

espierc1384

espialc1386

especiala1500

espya1500

watchmanc1515

escout1560

espioun1636

emissary1663

telegraph1825

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxviii. 575 The saisnes it wisten by theire esspies, that thei hadde thourgh the contrey.

1564 N. Haward tr. Eutropius Briefe Chron. ii. sig. D.vi^v Hee had apprehended the espyes of Pirrhus.

1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man ii. 110 I am indeede an espie of thy couetousnesse and madnesse.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia vi. 235 [He] sent his wife as an espy to see.

1656 T. Hobbes Questions Liberty, Necessity & Chance 85 This Argument was sent forth only as an espie, to make a more full discovery.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

espyv.

/ɪˈspʌɪ/

Forms: Middle English–1600s espie, espye, Middle English– espy. Also aspy n.

Etymology: < Old French espier (modern French épier ), corresponding to Provençal espiar , Spanish espiar , Italian spiare < Common Romanic *spiāre , < Old High German spehôn (German spähen ) to spy v. Compare Latin specĕre, Greek σκέπτεσθαι to look.

†1.

a. transitive. To act as a spy upon, to watch (a person); to inspect as a spy (sometimes with out); to examine closely. Also, to watch for, look out for. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > spy on [verb (transitive)]

waitc1200

spya1325

espyc1420

prog1566

tout1699

bespy1837

keyhole1871

to keep tabs (or a tab) on1889

tec1900

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 37 Tille wikked men scho spak, Edward to aspie.]

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 105 But thicke and drie [sc. land] espie [printed espy].

1520 Chron. Eng. ii. f. 10^v/1 Brute anone sende of his men to lande for to espye the maner of the countree.

1530 H. Latimer Let. 1 Dec. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 1346/2 They came not to comforte hym, but to espye and searche hys lande.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Espye or waite a time, aucupari tempus.

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. B Espie her loues, and who she liketh best.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 48 Now question me no more we are espied .

1611 Bible (King James) Josh. xiv. 7 Moses..sent me from Kadesh Barnea, to espie out the land.

a1667 J. Taylor in Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (1886) He sends angels to espy us in all our ways.

b. absol. or intransitive. To look steadily, watch, keep a look out; to act as a spy. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (intransitive)] > observe or watch

spya1400

wait1399

espyc1405

watch1487

gate?1590

to look sharp1680

stag1796

to keep one's eyes peeled1844

to skin one's eyes1851

to peel one's eyes1875

to take sights1934

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 254 With that word Arcite gan espye Wher as this lady romed to and fro.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. iii. 134 Evander..espying with hys syght.

1565–73 T. Cooper Thesaurus Episcopius, a brigantine or ship sent out to espie.

1611 Bible (King James) Jer. xlviii. 19 Stand by the way and espie .

1846 J. Keble Lyra Innocentium 75 [He] on the dark edge stands..and downward dares espy.

†c. (transitive. In Middle English form aspy v.: To lie in wait for; also absol.)

ΚΠ

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 87 Iðe wildernesse heo aspieden [c1230 Corpus spieden] us to slean.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxiii. 21 More than fourty men of hem aspien him [L. insidiantur ei].

a. transitive. To discover by spying or by looking out; to catch sight of; to descry, discern, discover (what is distant or partly hidden); to detect (a fault, flaw, etc.); to discern (a convenient time or opportunity). †Formerly sometimes with out. †Also, to discern from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (transitive)] > succeed in seeing or catch sight of

underyetec1000

aspya1250

kenc1275

ofyetec1275

choosea1300

akenc1300

descrivec1300

ofkenc1300

readc1300

espyc1320

descryc1330

spyc1380

discernc1405

discover1553

scan1558

scry1558

decern1559

describe1574

to make out1575

escry1581

interview1587

display1590

to set sight of (in)c1595

sight1602

discreevec1650

glance1656

to catch a glimpse of1679

steal1731

oversee1735

glimpse1779

twig1796

to clap eyes on1838

spot1848

sky1900

c1320 Seuyn Sag. (W.) 1796 Yif thou dost a folie, Thi louerd hit wil sone espie.

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame ii. 198 [It were impossible] How that..he [Fame] shulde here al this Or they [his spies] espie hyt.

c1460 La Belle Dame sanz mercy 88 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1866) 55 But tweyne þat were my frendis here before had me espied.

1486 Bk. St. Albans D ij She [the hawk] espith theym and commyth couerte her selfe.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xiii. sig. Giij^v He sone espiethe good herbes from nettiles.

1543–4 Act 35 Hen. VIII c. 5 A time may be espied to haue them..by malice conuicted.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 462 Whose prophane blasphemy some merry conceited man espyeng out, opened the Caskett privily.

1666 J. Bunyan Grace Abounding 24 If I could in any place espy a word of promise.

?1730 Round about Coal-fire 44 He espied the fine Ring upon his Wife's Finger.

1788 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) VI. 375 These skilful wrestlers espy the smallest slip we make.

1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel 15 Can she the bodiless dead espy?

1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey ix We all, like Moses, should espy, Ev'n in a bush, the radiant Deity.

1877 W. Black Green Pastures xliii Who was trying to espy a squirrel.

b. To perceive by chance or unexpectedly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > finding or discovery > find or discover [verb (transitive)] > find suddenly or unexpectedly

espy1483

to start up1566

strike1851

surprise1890

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 373/3 A man came for to take water & espyed the deed chylde.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Bii^v I chaunced to espie thys forsayde Peter.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 194 Where I espied the Panther fast a sleepe.

1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xlii. 27 As one of them opened his sack, he espied his money.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 196 Espying me, hee blest himselfe and suddenly began to mutter his prayer to Mahomet.

†c. To observe, perceive (a fact); with clause as object. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)]

yknoweOE

acknowOE

anyeteOE

latchc1000

undernimc1000

understandc1000

underyetec1000

afindOE

knowOE

seeOE

onfangc1175

takec1175

underfindc1200

underfonga1300

undertakea1300

kenc1330

gripea1340

comprehend1340

comprendc1374

espyc1374

perceivea1387

to take for ——?1387

catcha1398

conceivea1398

intenda1400

overtakea1400

tenda1400

havec1405

henta1450

comprise1477

skilla1500

brook1548

apprend1567

compass1576

perstanda1577

endue1590

sound1592

engrasp1593

in1603

fathom1611

resent1614

receivea1616

to take up1617

apprehend1631

to take in1646

grasp1680

understumblec1681

forstand1682

savvy1686

overstand1699

uptake1726

nouse1779

twig1815

undercumstand1824

absorb1840

sense1844

undercumstumble1854

seize1855

intelligize1865

dig1935

c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 67 Creon gan espie how that the blode riall was brought adoun.

1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) iv. xx. 66 Seem..hyled his fader Noe When he espyed that naked soo was he.

1461 W. Lomnor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 240 I can espye, somme of his meny was grette cause of T.D. deth.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. QQiiii If..they a spye in the soule..any feare to ryse.

1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Iv^v The hontesman..wil sone espie when he seeth a hole, whether it be a foxe borough, or not.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 463 [A supposed ‘portion of Peters Brayne’]..afterwardes being more narrowlye examined and viewed, was espyed to be a very pumeyse.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	espy
释义	† espyn. Forms: Also Middle English esspie, Middle English aspy n. See also spy n. Etymology: < Old French espie, < espier : see espy n., spy v. Compare Spanish espia, Italian spia. Obsolete. 1. a. The action of espying; espial, espionage. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > [noun] spying1338 espying1340 espialc1386 espyc1386 spyc1450 especiala1500 spieryc1588 intelligence1602 worming1607 scouting1644 espionage1793 spyism1847 spydom1859 obbo1933 great game1936 spooking1977 c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋60 In such a wyse that thou ne wante noon espye ne wacche thy body for to save. c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 2588 Of here espie no thing thei wist. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 203 Of these he made subtile inuestigation Of his owne espie, and other mens relation. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 168 The Eagle..Sharpe warre..did prepare Gainst Serpent..after espy. b. In Wyclif the form aspye occurs often in the sense ‘snare, ambush’. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > [noun] neteOE angleOE grinc1000 trapc1175 caltropa1300 lacec1330 girnc1375 espyc1380 webc1400 hook1430 settingc1430 lure1463 stall?a1500 stalea1529 toil1548 intrap1550 hose-net1554 gudgeon1577 mousetrap1577 trapfall1596 ensnarementa1617 decoy1655 cobweba1657 trepan1665 snap1844 deadfall1860 Judas1907 tanglefoot1908 catch-221963 trip-wire1971 c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 363 Aspies þat þe fend haþ leid. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxi. 13 If eny man of avysement sle his neiȝbour and by aspyes. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. iii. 15 Thou schalt sette aspies to hir heele.] 2. concrete. [compare sentinel, watch, etc.] A spy. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > [noun] > a secret observer, spy > a spy or scout spy13.. espierc1384 espialc1386 especiala1500 espya1500 watchmanc1515 escout1560 espioun1636 emissary1663 telegraph1825 a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxviii. 575 The saisnes it wisten by theire esspies, that thei hadde thourgh the contrey. 1564 N. Haward tr. Eutropius Briefe Chron. ii. sig. D.vi^v Hee had apprehended the espyes of Pirrhus. 1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man ii. 110 I am indeede an espie of thy couetousnesse and madnesse. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia vi. 235 [He] sent his wife as an espy to see. 1656 T. Hobbes Questions Liberty, Necessity & Chance 85 This Argument was sent forth only as an espie, to make a more full discovery. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). espyv. /ɪˈspʌɪ/ Forms: Middle English–1600s espie, espye, Middle English– espy. Also aspy n. Etymology: < Old French espier (modern French épier ), corresponding to Provençal espiar , Spanish espiar , Italian spiare < Common Romanic spiāre , < Old High German spehôn* (German spähen ) to spy v. Compare Latin specĕre, Greek σκέπτεσθαι to look. †1. a. transitive. To act as a spy upon, to watch (a person); to inspect as a spy (sometimes with out); to examine closely. Also, to watch for, look out for. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > spy on [verb (transitive)] waitc1200 spya1325 espyc1420 prog1566 tout1699 bespy1837 keyhole1871 to keep tabs (or a tab) on1889 tec1900 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 37 Tille wikked men scho spak, Edward to aspie.] c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 105 But thicke and drie [sc. land] espie [printed espy]. 1520 Chron. Eng. ii. f. 10^v/1 Brute anone sende of his men to lande for to espye the maner of the countree. 1530 H. Latimer Let. 1 Dec. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 1346/2 They came not to comforte hym, but to espye and searche hys lande. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Espye or waite a time, aucupari tempus. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. B Espie her loues, and who she liketh best. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 48 Now question me no more we are espied . View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Josh. xiv. 7 Moses..sent me from Kadesh Barnea, to espie out the land. View more context for this quotation a1667 J. Taylor in Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (1886) He sends angels to espy us in all our ways. b. absol. or intransitive. To look steadily, watch, keep a look out; to act as a spy. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (intransitive)] > observe or watch spya1400 wait1399 espyc1405 watch1487 gate?1590 to look sharp1680 stag1796 to keep one's eyes peeled1844 to skin one's eyes1851 to peel one's eyes1875 to take sights1934 c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 254 With that word Arcite gan espye Wher as this lady romed to and fro. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. iii. 134 Evander..espying with hys syght. 1565–73 T. Cooper Thesaurus Episcopius, a brigantine or ship sent out to espie. 1611 Bible (King James) Jer. xlviii. 19 Stand by the way and espie . View more context for this quotation 1846 J. Keble Lyra Innocentium 75 [He] on the dark edge stands..and downward dares espy. †c. (transitive. In Middle English form aspy v.: To lie in wait for; also absol.) ΚΠ a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 87 Iðe wildernesse heo aspieden [c1230 Corpus spieden] us to slean. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxiii. 21 More than fourty men of hem aspien him [L. insidiantur ei]. 2. a. transitive. To discover by spying or by looking out; to catch sight of; to descry, discern, discover (what is distant or partly hidden); to detect (a fault, flaw, etc.); to discern (a convenient time or opportunity). †Formerly sometimes with out. †Also, to discern from. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (transitive)] > succeed in seeing or catch sight of underyetec1000 aspya1250 kenc1275 ofyetec1275 choosea1300 akenc1300 descrivec1300 ofkenc1300 readc1300 espyc1320 descryc1330 spyc1380 discernc1405 discover1553 scan1558 scry1558 decern1559 describe1574 to make out1575 escry1581 interview1587 display1590 to set sight of (in)c1595 sight1602 discreevec1650 glance1656 to catch a glimpse of1679 steal1731 oversee1735 glimpse1779 twig1796 to clap eyes on1838 spot1848 sky1900 c1320 Seuyn Sag. (W.) 1796 Yif thou dost a folie, Thi louerd hit wil sone espie. c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame ii. 198 [It were impossible] How that..he [Fame] shulde here al this Or they [his spies] espie hyt. c1460 La Belle Dame sanz mercy 88 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1866) 55 But tweyne þat were my frendis here before had me espied. 1486 Bk. St. Albans D ij She [the hawk] espith theym and commyth couerte her selfe. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xiii. sig. Giij^v He sone espiethe good herbes from nettiles. 1543–4 Act 35 Hen. VIII c. 5 A time may be espied to haue them..by malice conuicted. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 462 Whose prophane blasphemy some merry conceited man espyeng out, opened the Caskett privily. 1666 J. Bunyan Grace Abounding 24 If I could in any place espy a word of promise. ?1730 Round about Coal-fire 44 He espied the fine Ring upon his Wife's Finger. 1788 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) VI. 375 These skilful wrestlers espy the smallest slip we make. 1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel 15 Can she the bodiless dead espy? 1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey ix We all, like Moses, should espy, Ev'n in a bush, the radiant Deity. 1877 W. Black Green Pastures xliii Who was trying to espy a squirrel. b. To perceive by chance or unexpectedly. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > finding or discovery > find or discover [verb (transitive)] > find suddenly or unexpectedly espy1483 to start up1566 strike1851 surprise1890 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 373/3 A man came for to take water & espyed the deed chylde. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Bii^v I chaunced to espie thys forsayde Peter. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 194 Where I espied the Panther fast a sleepe. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xlii. 27 As one of them opened his sack, he espied his money. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 196 Espying me, hee blest himselfe and suddenly began to mutter his prayer to Mahomet. †c. To observe, perceive (a fact); with clause as object. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)] yknoweOE acknowOE anyeteOE latchc1000 undernimc1000 understandc1000 underyetec1000 afindOE knowOE seeOE onfangc1175 takec1175 underfindc1200 underfonga1300 undertakea1300 kenc1330 gripea1340 comprehend1340 comprendc1374 espyc1374 perceivea1387 to take for ——?1387 catcha1398 conceivea1398 intenda1400 overtakea1400 tenda1400 havec1405 henta1450 comprise1477 skilla1500 brook1548 apprend1567 compass1576 perstanda1577 endue1590 sound1592 engrasp1593 in1603 fathom1611 resent1614 receivea1616 to take up1617 apprehend1631 to take in1646 grasp1680 understumblec1681 forstand1682 savvy1686 overstand1699 uptake1726 nouse1779 twig1815 undercumstand1824 absorb1840 sense1844 undercumstumble1854 seize1855 intelligize1865 dig1935 read1956 c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 67 Creon gan espie how that the blode riall was brought adoun. 1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) iv. xx. 66 Seem..hyled his fader Noe When he espyed that naked soo was he. 1461 W. Lomnor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 240 I can espye, somme of his meny was grette cause of T.D. deth. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. QQiiii If..they a spye in the soule..any feare to ryse. 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Iv^v The hontesman..wil sone espie when he seeth a hole, whether it be a foxe borough, or not. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 463 [A supposed ‘portion of Peters Brayne’]..afterwardes being more narrowlye examined and viewed, was espyed to be a very pumeyse. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.c1386v.a1250
随便看	to flutter one's eyelashes to flutter out to flutter the dovecotes to flutter the ribbands of to flutter the ribbands of a coach to fly to fly a bill to fly a high pitch to fly a kite to fly a pitch to fly a tile to fly at check to fly at hack to fly at, on, upon to fly coach to fly compass to fly gross to fly high to fly in a person's face to fly in face to fly in or into to fly in pieces to fly in the face of to fly in, out to fly into a passion