equatorn.

/ɪˈkweɪtə/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s æquator.

Etymology: < late Latin aequātor one who makes equal, hence in late Latin (circulus) aequator diei et noctis ‘the equalizer of day and night’ (compare equinoctial), < aequāre to make equal, < aequus equal.

1. Astronomy. A great circle of the celestial sphere, whose plane is perpendicular to the axis of the earth. (When the sun is in the equator, day and night are equal in length: hence the name.) Commonly called the equinoctial adj. and n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > great circle > celestial equator

equinoctialc1386

equatorc1400

weigherc1400

middle line1595

mid-circle1675

celestial equator1875

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 9 The Middel cercle..is cleped also the weyere, equator, of the day.

1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. H2^v When the sunne commeth vpon the Equator, then the daies and nights are of one length through the whole worlde.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 121 The time might come when Capella..would have its motion in the Æquator.

1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. ii. §23. 295 The beginning of the Equator, from whence the Right Ascension of the Stars is reckoned, is its intersection with the Ecliptic.

1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. I. iii. i. §8. 144 The circle which divided the sphere [of the heavens] exactly midway between these poles was called the equator.

2. Geography. A great circle of the earth, in the plane of the celestial equator, and equidistant from the two poles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > equator

burning line1484

burnt line1555

equinox1579

equinoctial1584

line1588

equatora1613

the girdle of the world1626

palaeoequator1960

a1613 E. Brerewood Enq. Langs. & Relig. (1614) xiv. 123 That the earth on the south side of the Equator, should be of a more ponderous disposition, then on the North.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. ii. 61 The Northern pole of the Loadstone attracteth a greater weight then the Southerne on this side the Equator .

1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 82 Mountains big with Mines, That on the high Equator ridgy rise.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 11 A polar prospect, and a landscape at the equator, are as opposite in their appearances as in their situation.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits ii. 34 The sea-fire shines in her wake...Near the equator, you can read small print by it.

figurative.a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 365 A Christian hath no Solstice..much lesse hath hee any Æquator, where dayes and nights are equall, that is, a liberty to spend as much time ill, as well.a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 39 It [sc. the Reformation] is as it were the Æquator, or that remarkable Line, dividing between Eminent Prelates, Learned Writers, and Benefactors to the Publick, who lived Before or After it.

a. transferred. A similarly situated circle on any heavenly (or, occasionally, any spherical) body.

ΚΠ

1746 J. Parsons Human Physiognomy i. 14 Because Santorini, in his Figure of the Face, makes the Eye-lids meet upon the very Equator of the Eye-ball.

1834 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) III. Astron. iii. 83 The great circle perpendicular to the axis of the moon, is called for a similar reason the equator of the moon.

1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 351 In a sphere of quartz..at the equator.

1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 37 The rapidity of this movement varies regularly with their [Sun-spots'] distance from the solar equator.

b. magnetic equator, an irregular line, passing round the earth in the neighbourhood of the equator, on which the magnet has no dip; = aclinic line (see aclinic adj.). thermal equator, the imaginary line on the earth's surface which denotes the location of highest mean air temperature for a particular period. rainfall equator (see quot. 1927).

ΚΠ

1832 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. Magnetism iii. §98 The magnetic equator.

1849 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (ed. 8) xxx. 342 A line encircling the earth, called the magnetic equator.

1927 W. G. Kendrew Climates of Continents 45 In the south of Kamerun at about lat. 3° N. we find the rainfall ‘Equator’..where rain falls throughout the year, with two well-marked maxima at the equinoxes.

1930 Meteorol. Gloss. (Meteorol. Office) (ed. 2) 172.

1945 E. Bennett-Bremner Front-line Airline x. 65 Making due allowance for south-easterly winds to the inter-tropical front which lies on the thermal equator.

c. equator of the magnet (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > pole of magnet > mid-point between poles

equator of the magnet1625

1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. iii. 60 The Magnet..is separated or diuided by a middle line or Æquator.

1837 D. Brewster Treat. Magnetism 251 It is obvious..that the magnetic intensity increases from the equator to the poles.

1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (ed. 6) I. xv. 416 Hold the needle over the equator of the magnet.

1885 S. P. Thompson Elem. Lessons Electr. & Magn. ii. §78 The portion of the magnet which lies between the two poles is apparently less magnetic..This region Gilbert called the equator of the magnet.

d. Aeronautics. ‘The line along which the plane of the maximum horizontal section cuts the envelope of an aerostat’ (W. B. Faraday Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms 1919).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > balloons and airships > [noun] > gas or air container of balloon or airship > line of maximum horizontal section

equator1784

1784 New Rev. July 61 64 men who kept the machine in by ropes fixed to its equator.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 151 From this equator, proceeded ropes, by which was suspended a car in the form of a boat, a few feet below the balloon.

1838 M. Mason Aeronautica 268 An opening, however, of about four feet in length which appeared above the equator of the balloon, soon brought it down again.

1900 Westm. Gaz. 1 May 2/1 A balloon loses but little of its lifting power if a rent is made below the equator.

e. Biology. The plane of division of a cell or nucleus lying midway between the poles and perpendicular to a line joining them.

ΚΠ

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) Introd. 22 It is rare for the chromatin to be grouped in two masses on the equator [of the spindle] and the split of the nucleus to take place through its poles.

1896 E. B. Wilson Cell ii. 49 The chromosomes group themselves in a plane passing through the equator of the spindle, and thus form what is known as the equatorial plate.

1908 J. A. Thomson Heredity facing p. 51 (caption) The nucleus spindle has at its equator four groups of tetrads.

1913 J. W. Jenkinson Vertebr. Embryol. 95 The structure and symmetry of the egg, its axis, poles, and equator.

1961 M. J. D. White Chromosomes (ed. 5) v. 83 If there is a considerable distance between the chiasmata and the centromeres..the centromeres will be attached to the spindle about midway between the equator and the poles.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as equator-sun.

ΚΠ

1736 J. Thomson Britain: 4th Pt. Liberty 413 Those [paths of the sea] that, profuse Drunk by Equator-Suns, severely shine.

C2.

equatorwards adv. towards the equator.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > geodetic references > [adverb] > latitude > equator

equinoctially1646

equatorially1802

equatorwards1875

1875 J. Croll Climate & Time x. 187 The pressure..impels the bottom~water equatorwards.

1884 Daily News 2 Aug. 5/4 To continue the voyage equatorwards.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	equator
释义	equatorn. /ɪˈkweɪtə/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s æquator. Etymology: < late Latin aequātor one who makes equal, hence in late Latin (circulus) aequator diei et noctis ‘the equalizer of day and night’ (compare equinoctial), < aequāre to make equal, < aequus equal. 1. Astronomy. A great circle of the celestial sphere, whose plane is perpendicular to the axis of the earth. (When the sun is in the equator, day and night are equal in length: hence the name.) Commonly called the equinoctial adj. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > circle of celestial sphere > [noun] > great circle > celestial equator equinoctialc1386 equatorc1400 weigherc1400 middle line1595 mid-circle1675 celestial equator1875 c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 9 The Middel cercle..is cleped also the weyere, equator, of the day. 1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. H2^v When the sunne commeth vpon the Equator, then the daies and nights are of one length through the whole worlde. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 121 The time might come when Capella..would have its motion in the Æquator. 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. ii. §23. 295 The beginning of the Equator, from whence the Right Ascension of the Stars is reckoned, is its intersection with the Ecliptic. 1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. I. iii. i. §8. 144 The circle which divided the sphere [of the heavens] exactly midway between these poles was called the equator. 2. Geography. A great circle of the earth, in the plane of the celestial equator, and equidistant from the two poles. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > equator burning line1484 burnt line1555 equinox1579 equinoctial1584 line1588 equatora1613 the girdle of the world1626 palaeoequator1960 a1613 E. Brerewood Enq. Langs. & Relig. (1614) xiv. 123 That the earth on the south side of the Equator, should be of a more ponderous disposition, then on the North. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. ii. 61 The Northern pole of the Loadstone attracteth a greater weight then the Southerne on this side the Equator . View more context for this quotation 1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 82 Mountains big with Mines, That on the high Equator ridgy rise. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 11 A polar prospect, and a landscape at the equator, are as opposite in their appearances as in their situation. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits ii. 34 The sea-fire shines in her wake...Near the equator, you can read small print by it. figurative.a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 365 A Christian hath no Solstice..much lesse hath hee any Æquator, where dayes and nights are equall, that is, a liberty to spend as much time ill, as well.a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 39 It [sc. the Reformation] is as it were the Æquator, or that remarkable Line, dividing between Eminent Prelates, Learned Writers, and Benefactors to the Publick, who lived Before or After it. 3. a. transferred. A similarly situated circle on any heavenly (or, occasionally, any spherical) body. ΚΠ 1746 J. Parsons Human Physiognomy i. 14 Because Santorini, in his Figure of the Face, makes the Eye-lids meet upon the very Equator of the Eye-ball. 1834 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) III. Astron. iii. 83 The great circle perpendicular to the axis of the moon, is called for a similar reason the equator of the moon. 1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 351 In a sphere of quartz..at the equator. 1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 37 The rapidity of this movement varies regularly with their [Sun-spots'] distance from the solar equator. b. magnetic equator, an irregular line, passing round the earth in the neighbourhood of the equator, on which the magnet has no dip; = aclinic line (see aclinic adj.). thermal equator, the imaginary line on the earth's surface which denotes the location of highest mean air temperature for a particular period. rainfall equator (see quot. 1927). ΚΠ 1832 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. Magnetism iii. §98 The magnetic equator. 1849 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (ed. 8) xxx. 342 A line encircling the earth, called the magnetic equator. 1927 W. G. Kendrew Climates of Continents 45 In the south of Kamerun at about lat. 3° N. we find the rainfall ‘Equator’..where rain falls throughout the year, with two well-marked maxima at the equinoxes. 1930 Meteorol. Gloss. (Meteorol. Office) (ed. 2) 172. 1945 E. Bennett-Bremner Front-line Airline x. 65 Making due allowance for south-easterly winds to the inter-tropical front which lies on the thermal equator. c. equator of the magnet (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > pole of magnet > mid-point between poles equator of the magnet1625 1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. iii. 60 The Magnet..is separated or diuided by a middle line or Æquator. 1837 D. Brewster Treat. Magnetism 251 It is obvious..that the magnetic intensity increases from the equator to the poles. 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (ed. 6) I. xv. 416 Hold the needle over the equator of the magnet. 1885 S. P. Thompson Elem. Lessons Electr. & Magn. ii. §78 The portion of the magnet which lies between the two poles is apparently less magnetic..This region Gilbert called the equator of the magnet. d. Aeronautics. ‘The line along which the plane of the maximum horizontal section cuts the envelope of an aerostat’ (W. B. Faraday Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms 1919). ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > balloons and airships > [noun] > gas or air container of balloon or airship > line of maximum horizontal section equator1784 1784 New Rev. July 61 64 men who kept the machine in by ropes fixed to its equator. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 151 From this equator, proceeded ropes, by which was suspended a car in the form of a boat, a few feet below the balloon. 1838 M. Mason Aeronautica 268 An opening, however, of about four feet in length which appeared above the equator of the balloon, soon brought it down again. 1900 Westm. Gaz. 1 May 2/1 A balloon loses but little of its lifting power if a rent is made below the equator. e. Biology. The plane of division of a cell or nucleus lying midway between the poles and perpendicular to a line joining them. ΚΠ 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) Introd. 22 It is rare for the chromatin to be grouped in two masses on the equator [of the spindle] and the split of the nucleus to take place through its poles. 1896 E. B. Wilson Cell ii. 49 The chromosomes group themselves in a plane passing through the equator of the spindle, and thus form what is known as the equatorial plate. 1908 J. A. Thomson Heredity facing p. 51 (caption) The nucleus spindle has at its equator four groups of tetrads. 1913 J. W. Jenkinson Vertebr. Embryol. 95 The structure and symmetry of the egg, its axis, poles, and equator. 1961 M. J. D. White Chromosomes (ed. 5) v. 83 If there is a considerable distance between the chiasmata and the centromeres..the centromeres will be attached to the spindle about midway between the equator and the poles. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as equator-sun. ΚΠ 1736 J. Thomson Britain: 4th Pt. Liberty 413 Those [paths of the sea] that, profuse Drunk by Equator-Suns, severely shine. C2. equatorwards adv. towards the equator. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > geodetic references > [adverb] > latitude > equator equinoctially1646 equatorially1802 equatorwards1875 1875 J. Croll Climate & Time x. 187 The pressure..impels the bottom~water equatorwards. 1884 Daily News 2 Aug. 5/4 To continue the voyage equatorwards. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.c1400
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