| 释义 |
entrenchv. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: en- prefix1, trench n., trench v. Etymology: Partly < en- prefix1 + trench n., and partly < en- prefix1 + trench v.With the β. forms compare in- prefix1. N.E.D. (1891) comments: ‘The form intrench is that favoured by modern dictionaries, but in recent use entrench seems to be more frequent.’ The past participle forms instinch, instrinch occur in the same letter of 1632 written in very irregular spelling. I. Senses relating to making a trench. 1. Military. society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > protect or surround with rampart [verb (transitive)] > protect or surround with trenches α. 1548 W. Patten sig. F1v [Fearing a night attack we] entrenched our cariages and waggen-boorowe, had good skout without and sure watch within. 1565 A. Golding tr. Caesar vii. f. 205v They shoulde be as good as entrenched. 1629 tr. S. Pelegromius 47 The Gouernour..propounding that the Vuchteren wall should be entrenched. 1643 O. Cromwell Let. 11 Sept. in (1937) (modernized text) I. 258 The enemy; who hath entrenched himself over against Hull. 1693 tr. J. Le Clerc iv. 34 One side covered by a Hill, which was not entrenched. 1758 J. Wolfe Let. 19 June in (1909) xvi. 377 I mean to take post on your side the harbour, and erect a battery, provided you will give me any countenance by seizing and entrenching the rising ground above the Grand Battery. a1781 R. Watson (1783) i. 29 Giving them instructions to entrench themselves at the village of Hervorden. 1813 Duke of Wellington (1838) XI. 177 A camp which they had strongly entrenched. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke (ed. 2) II. 353 They might entrench themselves opposite to the enemy. 1930 8 564 The troops were ordered to entrench their positions. 2008 H. H. Perritt iv. 57 Fresh, untrained recruits, not sufficiently entrenched, badly outnumbered,..were forced to retreat after a vicious and bloody three-day battle. 2014 G. H. Cassar ii. 40 The Canadians fought their way to the northern fringes of the wood, where they halted and entrenched themselves. 1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger lxxxviii. 545 Destroye her [sc. Babilon], that nothing remaine. Intrench rounde aboute, that no man escape. 1583 T. Stocker tr. ii. f. 59 This night, likewise, the Enemie beganne to entrenche in Isseene waie. 1590 C. Marlowe sig. H5v Raise mounts, batter, intrench, and vndermine. 1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon 31 Hee is intrenching or raising a wall somewhere to blocke vp our way. 1651 W. Davenant ii. v. 117 As busie..As alarm'd Armies that intrench in haste. 1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer 57 We found our selves forced to Intrench, lest they should have routed us quite. 1769 O. Goldsmith I. 461 Cæsar..began to entrench also behind him. 1886 Feb. 579/2 Butler was in position by the 6th of May and had begun intrenching. 1956 B. Catton v. 125 Grant had been bitterly criticized because he had not entrenched at Shiloh. 2003 67 401 Very rarely, if ever, did an ancient army entrench on the battlefield and allow its superiority in missile weapons to win the day. 2. transitive (frequently reflexive or in passive). figurative and in figurative contexts. the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)] > secure or protect 1559 W. Bavand tr. J. Ferrarius vi. i. sig. Bb.iiij He maie doe so moche as the aucthoritie of the Lawe permitteth, whiche is as it were, entrenched with the enclosure of honestie. 1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe i. sig. A2v Finding Æolus intrencht with stormes. 1603 T. Playfere sig. C5 Let vs alwaies intrench our selues within this inuincible bulwark of praier. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus xxiv. ii. 242 The same [stronghold] entrenched, as it were about with the course of the river. 1732 G. Berkeley I. iv. iii. 210 We, who believe a God, are intrenched within Tradition, Custom, Authority, and Law. 1836 May 110 Knowing his own hollowness, he on every side endeavoured to entrench himself with splendid artificials, to divert the eye. 1860 20 Oct. 6/5 I could intrench myself behind reasons of state, and keep silent. 1905 E. A. Travis xix. 331 ‘I think that is altogether more than probable,’ she replied, entrenching herself behind experience. 1981 B. B. Wolman & S. Knapp (ed. 2) iv. 123 His theory is entrenched with numerous and ingenious experiments conducted in a most rigorous manner by himself and his brilliant friends, followers, and disciples. the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > stability, fixity > make stable, establish [verb (transitive)] ?1587 T. Stocker tr. D. Tossanus 65 Shepherds which entrench themselues sometime in one place, somtime in another. 1598 E. Guilpin sig. C3v Signior Machiauell Taught him this mumming trick, with curtesie T'entrench himselfe in popularitie. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero 81 No more watchfull..in their campe, then if they were safely intrenched in an ale house. 1651 N. Bacon i. 11 Against this danger he [sc. the King] intrenches himself in an Act of Parliament, That made it Treason, To purpose and endeavor to depose the King. 1759 S. Johnson 16 June 185 He intrenches himself in general terms. 1797 E. Burke 67 One of the parties to a treaty intrenches himself up to the chin in these ceremonies. 1858 L. H. Sigourney 282 He says my enthusiasm for the aborigines, which has been with him a matter of ridicule, will now intrench itself anew since my son is installed a chieftain. 1880 D. B. Eaton xxxiii. 373 A pervading sense of its [sc. the merit system's] justice and the intelligent conviction of the British people that it is essential to their well-being entrench it in the popular judgment. 1925 Dec. 498/2 The Billjim entrenched it firm and fast in his vocabulary. 1969 39 85/2 New York State has historically and unreservedly embraced the ‘building on strength’ principle, and the NYSILL experience has, if anything, entrenched this attitude. 1971 R. E. Pfadt (ed. 2) xii. 343 The pink bollworm.., known as the most serious world-wide pest of cotton, is entrenched in the Southwest. 2016 (Nexis) 30 Sept. 3 Her critics claim the creation of more grammar schools will only entrench inequality. 1909 15 Apr. 808/1 Delegates from the Cape wanted the native franchise more firmly entrenched by providing that Parliament might not change the franchise for natives in Cape Colony unless a majority of members from the Cape voted in favor of the change. 1951 33 81 To specially entrench the whole of Section 92(13) would render the constitution so dangerously rigid in vital matters that the present situation respecting amendment be the lesser evil. 1962 12 Apr. 627/1 The most weighty criticism which can be made of all schemes to draw up a list of human rights and to entrench them in a constitution relates to the practical problem of selecting the rights to be protected and of formulating them in legal language. 1964 H. L. A. Hart in 311 The prescription of such a special procedure ‘entrenching’ these clauses would be nugatory if this prescription could itself be repealed in the ordinary way. 1992 Feb. 30/1 The NP wishes to entrench the right to own private property which can only be expropriated in exchange for just compensation. 3. the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > cut 1590 E. Spenser iii. xii. sig. Oo4 A wide wound therein..Entrenched deep with knyfe accursed keene. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. i. 43 One Captaine Spurio his sicatrice, with an Embleme of warre..this very sword entrench'd it. the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > form a recess in [verb (transitive)] > form (a groove) > make grooves in 1607 B. Jonson Ep. Ded. sig. ¶3 As for those, that..care not whose liuing faces they intrench with their petulant stiles; may they doe it, without a riuall, for mee. 1667 J. Milton i. 600 His face Deep scars of Thunder had intrencht. 1708 J. Philips i. John-apple, whose wither'd rind, entrench'd By many a furrow, aptly represents Decrepid age. 1789 W. Gilbank ix. 182 The Angel..the sky Intrenching furious with a flaming sword, Hover'd majestic o'er thy Moses' head. 1871 L. Stephen iii. 142 We had to wind round towers of ice intrenched by deep crevasses. 1982 S. Plumpp 92 Seeing waters entrench these alleys With their liquid quiet coolness. II. Senses relating to encroachment. Cf. trench v. III.society > morality > dueness or propriety > moral impropriety > be morally improper [verb (intransitive)] > encroach on rights, etc. 1591 A. Colynet vi. 365 Flatterrs, sycophantes, and clawbackes..did hold his kingdome into troubles and ciuill warres, by litle and little to entrench vpon his authority. 1633 J. Ford iii. i. sig. E2v Intrenching on iust Lawes, Whose sou'raignty is best preseru'd by Iustice. 1640 Postscr. 4 Exceeding the Sphere of man, and entrenshing upon Gods proper glorie. 1642 T. Fuller iii. xiii. 183 Intrench not on the Lords day to use unlawfull sports. 1649 Bp. J. Taylor i. 38 It intrenches very much upon impiety. 1710 H. Prideaux ii. 119 This would be to entrench upon his own Grant. 1722 W. Wollaston i. 17 I might intrench upon truth by doing this. 1769 J. Wesley Let. 22 Nov. in (1872) XIII. 18 Let not the gentlewoman entrench upon the Christian. 1831 Jan. 269 Far..from entrenching upon the privileges of parliament. 1837 J. H. Newman 15 Without seeming to entrench upon political principles. 1930 19 July 19/1 This..might intrench on the valuable goodwill which has been built up for the various brands. 1993 S. Gordon xvii. 576 The view that they [sc. wage rates] could be raised considerably above their current levels without entrenching upon the incomes of other members of society. 1634 T. Herbert 86 The Kings prime House is within the Mydan, yet no way entrenching further then the other Houses. 1641 sig. E Where it did not intrench, neither invade her interest. 1680 Earl of Rochester et al. 61 If busie Love, intrenches, There's a sweet soft Page, of mine, Does the trick worth Forty Wenches. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  v.1548 |
