espiern.
/ɪˈspʌɪə/ One who espies or spies out; †a spy.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > [noun] > a secret observer, spy > a spy or scout
spy13..
espierc1384
espialc1386
especiala1500
espya1500
watchmanc1515
escout1560
espioun1636
emissary1663
telegraph1825
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > beholder or spectator
showerOE
beholderc1374
lookera1382
espiouressc1430
considererc1449
overseerc1450
regarder1525
surveyor1558
viewer1565
spectatora1586
regardant1590
aspector1603
supervisor1610
eyer1611
spectatrix1611
spectatress1632
speculator1647
contemplator1658
attender1665
espier1860
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Heb. xi. 31 She [sc. Raab] takynge, or receyuynge, the aspiers with pees.
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. xii. 79 A cherl, shrewede, prowd, and daungerous..hath maad him an espyour of weyes.
1587 J. Harmar tr. T. de Bèze Serm. 175 (T.) Ye crafty espiers of the necessity of your poor brethren.
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 58 Ephraim..would himself be a seer, an espier of future events.
1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. I. xvii. 165 Not an inhabited house appeared to the espier.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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n.c1384