epistropheusn.

Brit.

/ˌɛpᵻˈstrəʊfɪəs/, U.S.

/ˌɛpəˈstroʊfiəs/

Forms: 1600s–1800s epistrophaeus, 1600s– epistropheus.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin epistropheus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin epistropheus first cervical vertebra (1542), second cervical vertebra (1654 or earlier) < Hellenistic Greek ἐπιστροϕεύς first cervical vertebra < ancient Greek ἐπι- epi- prefix + στροϕεύς socket in which the pivot of a door moved, in Hellenistic Greek also vertebra < στρόϕος (see strophoid n.) + -εύς, suffix forming masculine nouns; compare ancient Greek ἐπιστρέϕειν to turn around, turn about.

Anatomy and Zoology.

The axis (second cervical vertebra). In early use also: †the atlas (first cervical vertebra) (obsolete); †the odontoid process of the axis (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun] > vertebra of > specific vertebra

epistropheus1663

Atlas1699

axisa1713

subdorsal1783

1663 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) Man. IV. xv. 350/1 I. [i.e. the first vertebra] Is termed Atlas, because it seems to bear the Head up... Some call it Epistropheus [L. Epistropheus], though more give that name to the second.

1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies Table 93 sig. Aaa^v/1 The Tooth-like Process call'd Epistropheus.

1755 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. IV. 3279/1 The second vertebra is called epistrophæus, and axis; in which we are to observe the dentiform or odontoide process.

1797 R. Hooper Anatomist's Vade-mecum 25 The Epistropheus is connected with 1. The occipital bone. 2. The atlas.

1865 Anthropol. Rev. 3 216 It is probable that this supernumerary condyle articulates, in most cases, with the processus dentatus of the epistropheus.

1892 C. S. Minot Human Embryol. 424 Special modifications of the first and second cervical vertebræ take place in mammals to form the atlas and epistropheus or axis.

1927 Lancet 2 Apr. 699/1 The dens of the epistropheus is so imperfectly seen that it is impossible to decide whether it is fractured or not.

1968 Brain 91 670 The dens of the epistropheus had plunged into the medulla.

2007 Jrnl. Paleontol. 81 764/2 The exoccipitals contribute to the formation of a deep dorsal concavity on the occipital condyle that would have received the epistropheus in the articulated skeleton.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	epistropheus
释义	epistropheusn. Brit. /ˌɛpᵻˈstrəʊfɪəs/, U.S. /ˌɛpəˈstroʊfiəs/ Forms: 1600s–1800s epistrophaeus, 1600s– epistropheus. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin epistropheus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin epistropheus first cervical vertebra (1542), second cervical vertebra (1654 or earlier) < Hellenistic Greek ἐπιστροϕεύς first cervical vertebra < ancient Greek ἐπι- epi- prefix + στροϕεύς socket in which the pivot of a door moved, in Hellenistic Greek also vertebra < στρόϕος (see strophoid n.) + -εύς, suffix forming masculine nouns; compare ancient Greek ἐπιστρέϕειν to turn around, turn about. Anatomy and Zoology. The axis (second cervical vertebra). In early use also: †the atlas (first cervical vertebra) (obsolete); †the odontoid process of the axis (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun] > vertebra of > specific vertebra epistropheus1663 Atlas1699 axisa1713 subdorsal1783 1663 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) Man. IV. xv. 350/1 I. [i.e. the first vertebra] Is termed Atlas, because it seems to bear the Head up... Some call it Epistropheus [L. Epistropheus], though more give that name to the second. 1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies Table 93 sig. Aaa^v/1 The Tooth-like Process call'd Epistropheus. 1755 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. IV. 3279/1 The second vertebra is called epistrophæus, and axis; in which we are to observe the dentiform or odontoide process. 1797 R. Hooper Anatomist's Vade-mecum 25 The Epistropheus is connected with 1. The occipital bone. 2. The atlas. 1865 Anthropol. Rev. 3 216 It is probable that this supernumerary condyle articulates, in most cases, with the processus dentatus of the epistropheus. 1892 C. S. Minot Human Embryol. 424 Special modifications of the first and second cervical vertebræ take place in mammals to form the atlas and epistropheus or axis. 1927 Lancet 2 Apr. 699/1 The dens of the epistropheus is so imperfectly seen that it is impossible to decide whether it is fractured or not. 1968 Brain 91 670 The dens of the epistropheus had plunged into the medulla. 2007 Jrnl. Paleontol. 81 764/2 The exoccipitals contribute to the formation of a deep dorsal concavity on the occipital condyle that would have received the epistropheus in the articulated skeleton. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1663
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