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单词 estate
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estaten.

Brit. /ᵻˈsteɪt/, /ɛˈsteɪt/, U.S. /əˈsteɪt/, /ɛˈsteɪt/
Forms: Middle English aestat, Middle English–1500s astat(e, Middle English estat, (Middle English astaat(e, -tait, estaat(e, 1500s esstat, estatt, 1500s–1600s Scottish estaite, estaitte), Middle English– estate; plural Middle English astaz, aestaz. Cf. astate n. and state n.
Etymology: < Old French estat (= Provençal estat , Spanish estado , Portuguese estado , Italian stato ), < Latin status state n. < stāre to stand.
1.
a. State or condition in general, whether material or moral, bodily or mental. In Middle English occasionally: Constitution, nature. archaic; now almost exclusively in Biblical phrases.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > [noun]
statec1225
estatec1230
farea1325
casec1325
beingc1330
degreec1330
condition1340
suita1375
stature?a1513
existence1530
affection?1543
existency1587
subsistence1597
consistence1626
subsistency1628
tone1641
consistency1690
attitude1744
situation1765
working order1784
faring1811
status1837
figure1858
c1230 Hali Meid. 13 Þis mihte..i þis deadlich lif scheaweð in hire estat of þe blisse undeadlich.
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. v. vi. 171 Lat vs loken now as we mowen whiche þat þe estat is of þe deuyne substance.
1395 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 4 In hool estat of my body.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 1587 Þat god not myȝt Brynge mon..Into þe astate [Vesp. stat, Fairf. 14 heyuen, Gött. state] þat he had tynt.
1486 Bk. St. Albans C j a Sum put hawkys in mew at high estate.
1486 Bk. St. Albans C iij a Ye se yowre hawke may not endew her meete nor remounte her astate.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xiv. 50 Alle the werkes are taryed and lefte in the astate of inperfection.
?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Avv Yche element I reduce to his furst estate.
1549 Thomas (title) The History of Italye..because it intreateth of the astate of many and divers commonweales.
1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Div In Italie are these pillers founde standing in good estate.
1605 London Prodigall i. i. 224 I hope he died in good estate.
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. v. i. §10. 365 He arriues in safetie at Carthage, and makes them know the estate of Lilybæum.
1630 Earl Dorchester in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. ii. 268. III. 262 The Queene..is in good estate.
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) i. 2 A Physitian..enquiring of her estate.
1662 Bk. Com. Prayer (1844) 56 We pray for the good estate of the Catholick Church.
1682 N. Grew Exper. Luctation ii. i. §21 in Anat. Plants 241 There is some kind of Alkaline Salt in Plants even in their natural estate.
1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 154 The savages of North America were sunk into the lowest estate of filth.
1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen xxvi. 385 Their second estate would be worse than their first.
1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) II. ix. 402 The wall, in its first estate, seems to have been merely a dyke of earth and rough stones.
1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country iv. 219 I am forty-three years old: In prime of life, perfection of estate.
b. A special state or condition; a condition of existence. Also in estate = in existence. Obsolete except in man's estate, woman's estate = manhood, womanhood, and (archaic) in the (holy) estate of matrimony.
ΚΠ
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 136 Sech mon haueð twa estaz swiðe dredfule þet an is hwenne he feleð naut his achne sechnesse.
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Prol. 125 Fforgetyn hadde the erthe his pore estat O wyntyr.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 374/1 She was in the estate of vyrgynyte, in estate of maryage, in estate of wydowhede.
15.. Adam Bel & Clym of Clough 665 in J. Ritson Pieces Anc. Pop. Poetry (1833) 30 When he commeth to mannes estate.
?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Cj, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens The fyrste..doth away the dysease that is present. And the other wtstandeth the dysease that is nat yet in estate.
1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. xv. 91 In regard of a future estate hereafter necessary to be knowne.
1744 E. Haywood Female Spectator (1748) II. 23 A gentleman in the western parts of England had two daughters at marriage estate.
c. in estate [= French en état (de)] : in a position, able (to do something). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ability > able, capable, or competent [phrase]
in powerc1325
of powerc1390
of force1597
to be in capacity1649
in estate1651
1651 tr. F. de Quintana Hist. Don Fenise 40 She took Felix by the hand, and put him in estate to come to the point of his desires.
d. Good or normal condition. in his estate: just as he was. out of estate: ‘out of condition’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > disordered or out of sorts
out of estatec1400
disordainedc1430
out of order1530
mistempered?1541
untemperate1541
so-soa1592
indisposed1598
discomposed1603
out of sorts1621
disorderly1655
queerish1684
out of one's gears1699
disordered1708
uneasy1725
seedy1729
queer1749
scaly1803
quisby1807
under the weather1827
all nohow1852
toneless1854
nohowish1867
chippy1868
fishy1868
off-colour1876
dicky1883
on-and-offish1888
cheap1891
crook1916
lousy1933
c1400 Rom. Rose 4675 Thou Art so anguisshous and mate, Disfigured oute of astate.
1447–8 J. Shillingford Lett. (Camd. Soc.) 37 Stondyng yn his astate ayenst the fire.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 136 My belly farys not weyll; It is out of astate.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lxi. 88 The floures do not lightly perishe or vade, but may be kept a long time in their estate, and colour.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1351/2 I found the good prince laid in his estate.
e. ? State of privilege or advantage. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer ii. 119 Knew I not the Christian Man's estate Extended further than to contemplate.
1633 G. Herbert Temple: Sacred Poems 54 Mans whole estate Amounts (and richly) to serve thee.
f. An account of the state or condition of anything; a ‘statement’ of particulars. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > reporting > [noun] > a report
reckoningc1390
reporta1425
instruction1425
rehearsal?a1439
rapport1454
estatec1475
reportationc1475
reapport1514
remonstrancea1533
account1561
state1565
credit1569
referendary1581
delivery1592
tell1743
compte rendu1822
rundown1943
c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 22 For the contentement of his house~hold royal and creditors thereof, as is expressed before in the estate of this seyd court for the yere, xiii Mol [i.e. 13,000l.].
1484 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 623 The seid John requerith an astate to be takyn in those londys lymyted to William the sone for deffaut of issu off Clement Paston.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. Cxi/2 The sayd cardinal hath yow bounde aparte to make him as sure astate off alle the said landes, by ester next comyng.
2.
a. Condition with respect to worldly prosperity, fortune, etc. Cf. 12. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > [noun] > of a person or in life > in terms of prosperity, etc.
astatea1250
farcostc1275
farea1325
estate?1370
statea1382
worlda1393
casea1535
?1370 Robt. Cicyle 54 Hym to brynge to lowar estate.
c1386 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 68 Noon estat [v.r. astate, estaat, estate] assureth to be weel.
a1400 Cov. Myst. 61 A ryght pore man..Of sympyl astat in clothis rent.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 17321 Do him be kepte in prisouns astate [c1460 Laud estate]Til hit be past oure sabate.
1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys (1835) 9 In poure astate and in low degre.
c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 86 Yet thou wouldest not greatly enuy his estate, if thou thoughteste, etc.
1662 Bk. Com. Prayer (1844) 56 Any ways afflicted or distressed in mind, body, or estate.
1671 tr. R. Fréjus Relation Voy. Mauritania 7 Made a slave..and detained in that estate till our arrival.
1846 J. Keble Lyra Innoc. (1873) 192 From ox and ass that wait Here on His poor estate.
a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1869) III. i. 1 One of the greatest nations of the earth, was broken, and cast down from its high estate.
b. ? Means, ability, opportunity. In phrase, after (one's) estate. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 409 Þei shulen lyve as þe world axiþ and take gladnesse of þe world aftir her astaat.
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 469 Euery man louyd hym aftur ther estate.
?1518 Virgilius sig. aiij Remus..toke with hym manye folke after his estate.
1542 H. Brinkelow Lamentacion sig. Bi Thou must be diligent dayly to help thy neighbour accordyng to thyne estate.
3.
a. Status, standing, position in the world; degree of rank; esp. exalted rank or dignity. Also in man, etc., of estate. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > [noun]
estatec1230
statec1300
rowa1350
qualityc1425
calling1477
range1494
line1528
stature1533
respect1601
station1603
gradationa1616
ordinancea1616
repute1615
spherea1616
distance1635
impression1639
civils1650
footing1657
regimen1660
order1667
sect1709
caste1791
status1818
position1829
social status1833
standpoint1875
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 84 & te eadi iuhan in anlich stude as he wes alle þeose þreo estaz ofearnede him ane.
c1368 G. Chaucer Compl. Pite 41 Wisdome, estaat, drede and gouernaunce.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 6949 His fadris astate he [sc. Eleazar] bere Til Iosue we speke of here.
1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1859) iv. xxix. 61 Of this statua or ymage it is, that men of hyhe power ben cleped men of estate.
1432 Paston Lett. No. 18 I. 34 Suche persones as for..their estate, owe of reson to be suffred to speke with the king.
a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 276 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 307 Ȝe be bothe of on astate.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 201/3 I had the estate of a clerke in the chyrche.
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 543 So cam ther in an agit knyght, and hee Of gret esstat semyt for to bee.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Aiv All the inhabitantes of a realme..of what astate or condition so euer they be.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ix. 40 O that estates, degrees, and offices, were not deriu'd corruptly. View more context for this quotation
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 1 If any man conceit, that Princes are priuiledged by their high estate, he is deceiued.
b. A definite position in life; an occupation. Obsolete. rare. [A usual sense of French état.]
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > [noun] > regular occupation, trade, or profession
workeOE
mysteryc1390
facultyc1405
business1477
industrya1500
roomc1500
trade1525
pursuit1529
function1533
calling1539
profession?1552
vocation1553
entertainment1568
station1574
qualitya1586
employment1598
way of lifea1616
state1625
cloth1656
avocation1660
setworka1661
employ1669
estate1685
walk of life?1746
walk1836
1685 W. Petty Will p. xi Those who have been bred to no calling nor estate.
c. elliptical. = person or persons of estate. Obsolete. (Cf. similar use of dignity.)
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > [noun] > person of
proudOE
higha1200
estate1399
honourablea1450
statec1449
dignitya1525
high and mighty1576
palasinc1580
titular1605
sublimity1610
dignitary1672
person of condition1673
figure1692
title1817
titulary1824
Hon.1836
high-up1882
high-ranker1899
1399 W. Langland Richard Redeles Prol. 82 Þe story is of non estate þat stryuen with her lustus.
a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 32 Knyghts or other wurshypfull astate for the towell.
1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 144 The crummes that fall vnder the bordes of lordes or grete estates.
?1529 Proper Dyaloge Gentillman & Husbandman sig. A v Bothe comones and estates none excepte.
1611 Bible (King James) Mark vi. 21 Herod..made a supper to his lords, high captaines, and chiefe estates of Galilee. View more context for this quotation
1634 R. H. tr. Regim. Salerni 88 Let them [eels] be drest with Galendine..as great Estates Cookes are wont to doe.
4.
a. Outward display of one's condition; grandeur, pomp, state n. Obsolete exc. archaic (poetic).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [noun]
prideOE
nobleyec1300
farec1330
pompc1330
statec1330
rialtya1375
estatec1385
lordliness1440
pompousness1447
noblenessc1450
worthinessc1450
pomperyc1460
affairc1480
gloryc1480
majesty1481
triumpha1513
shine?1529
royalness?1548
sumptuosity1550
triumphing1569
magnificie1570
presence1570
gite1589
equipage1612
majesticalness1613
ceremonya1616
splendour1616
stateliness1637
majesticnessa1643
scheme1647
pageantry1651
grandeur1652
splendidnessa1657
magnanimity1658
magnificency1668
fluster1676
energy1764
pompa1783
panoply1790
pageanting1873
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Dido. 1034 This frosche lady..Stod in the temple in hire estat ryal.
c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 18 And kepte alwey so wel roial estat.
1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 299 He..cast about his eye, And sigh the lordes in estate.
a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 19 In the festyvall dayes or when astate should be shewed.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxiii. 495 Soo shall I gyve theym landes ynoughe for to mayntene theyr astate.
1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 384 Thou..by my side shalt sit in such estate That, etc.
b. Retinue. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > service > servant > retainer or follower > [noun] > collective or retinue
hirdc888
douthOE
gingc1175
folkc1275
hirdfolcc1275
tail1297
meiniec1300
meiniec1300
routc1325
suitc1325
peoplec1330
leading1382
retinuea1387
repairc1390
retenancea1393
farneta1400
to-draughta1400
sembly14..
sequelc1420
manya1425
followingc1429
affinity?1435
family1438
train1489
estatec1500
port1545
retain1548
equipage1579
suite1579
attendancy1586
attendance1607
tendancea1616
sequacesa1660
cortège1679
c1500 Melusine (1895) 50 Honourably might a kinge with alle his estate haue be Receyued therat.
c. cap of estate (Heraldry): see cap n.1 4f (c). †chair of estate, cloth of estate, cup of estate, horse of estate, place of estate, robe of estate, throne of estate, etc. of estate = chair of estate, etc. of state n. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1423 Kingis Quair xciv In a cheire of estate besyde..There sawe I sitt the blynde god Cupide.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. v. 56 [The Kinge] put on some robe of estate.
1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 15v He..gaue him wine to drinke in cups of estate.
1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. F2 Mount up your royall places of estate.
1599 R. Hakluyt tr. Odoric of Pordenone in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 62 His imperiall throne of estate.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 140 Who inthronized himself, in the Persian Chair of Estate, Anno 1030.
1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures lx. 246 Covered overhead with three cloths of Estate.
1662 in J. Ogilby Entertainm. Charles II (front matter) (caption) The Duke of Albemarle Master of the Horse; Leading a Horse of Estate.
1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. iv. 45 There he stood..in his robes of estate.
1863 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 2) xxiv. 367 His shield of arms,..ensigned by a cap of estate of very large dimensions.
d. elliptical. A canopy, chair, dais, fold of ‘state’. to lay, make (an) estate: to make a fold of the cloth, in token of respect, opposite the king's seat.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > office > symbol of office or authority > [noun] > seat of office or authority
seldc825
stoolc897
high settlec950
seatc1175
benchc1330
stool1390
chair1393
stall1399
estatea1475
chair of state1498
statea1500
office chaira1715
a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 129 Ley estate with the vpper part [of the cloth], þe brede of half fote is greable.
in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 119 On that side make an estate with his rodd; & then goeing before the kinge doeing his reverence, & soe make another estate on the other side of the king.
1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. A.iiiv And laye estat with the vpper parte halfe a foot brode.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1490/1 My lord before the estate of hir maiestie knighted a Dutch gentleman, called sir Martin Skinke.
1605 Journ. Earl Nottingh. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 560 The two virgins near her, and the other six upon the degrees at the foot of the estate.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 162 Princes..sitting vpon their estate.
1619 M. Drayton Barons Warres vi. lv, in Poems (rev. ed.) 89 The Queene..sat vnder an Estate of Lawne.
5. A class, order, rank in a community or nation. all estates: all sorts of people. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade
mannishOE
placec1330
state1340
gree1382
conditionc1384
sectc1384
sortc1386
ordera1400
raff?a1400
degreea1425
countenancec1477
faction?1529
estate1530
race1563
calibre1567
being1579
coat1579
rang1580
rank1585
tier1590
classis1597
strain1600
consequence1602
regiment1602
sept1610
standinga1616
class1629
species1629
nome1633
quality1636
sort1671
size1679
situation1710
distinction1721
walk of life1733
walk1737
stage1801
strata1805
grade1808
caste1816
social stratum1838
station1842
stratum1863
echelon1950
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement Introd. 1 Unto the nobilite..and..unto all other estates of this my natyfe countrey.
1543 R. Record Ground of Artes f. 105v This rule is..profitable for all estates of men.
?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 16 Vice..reigneth too too much amongst all estates and degrees.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. vii. 203 We know your tendernes of heart..to all estates . View more context for this quotation
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 126 A fit estate there is besides in great request, and namely of Philosophers and Religious.
1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) To Parl. sig. A2 Filling each estate of life and profession, with abject and servil principles.
6.
a. An order or class regarded as part of the body politic, and as such participating in the government either directly or through its representatives.The number of ‘estates’ in most of the nations of Christendom has usually been three (exceptionally four, as in Sweden and Aragon), but the specific enumeration has varied considerably. In England the ‘estates’ as represented in Parliament were originally 1. Clergy; 2. Barons and Knights; 3. Commons; after various fluctuations, the final arrangement was 1. Lords Spiritual; 2. Lords Temporal; 3. Commons. In France the three estates were 1. Clergy; 2. Nobles; 3. Townsmen. The Scottish estates were at first 1. Prelates; 2. Tenants in Chief; 3. Townsmen; after 1428 they were 1. Lords, lay and clerical; 2. Commissioners of Shires; 3. Burgesses. For a full account of the matter see Stubbs Const. Hist. xv. third estate was formerly common (now much less so) as a designation of the English ‘commons’ or (transl. French tiers état) the French bourgeoisie before the Revolution. The other two ‘estates’ are seldom spoken of numerically.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > part of
member1387
estate1425
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 184 Þer ben in þe Chirche þre states þat God haþe ordeyned, state of prestis and state of knyȝtis, and þe þridd is staat of comunys.]
1425 Sc. Acts Jas. I (1597) 7 It is ordaned be the King, be consent and deliuerance of the three Estaites, that, etc.
c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1714) 73 The Gabell of the Salte, and the Quaterymes of the Wynys, war granted to the Kyng, by the three Estats of Fraunce.
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. v. 10 He shal assemble to counseil the foure estates of his contree.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxxx The thre Astates of his Realme, that is to meane the Spiritualtie, The lordes and nobles, and the hedes or Rulers of Cyties.
1547 J. Harrison Exhort. Scottes F iij b This was done in Parliamente, by consente of the thre estates.
16.. Proclam. Jas. I in Examiner 5 Oct. (1812) 626/2 A sufficient and well composed House, such as may be worthy to be a representative of a third estate of our kingdom.
1681 H. Neville Plato Redivivus 98 Which Deputies are now called the third Estate.
1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) iv. 419 Any step towards forming themselves into a church estate.
1794 J. Gifford Reign Louis XVI 350 The instructions of the clergy coincided with those of the nobility and Third Estate.
1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. ii. 78 The fall of the mitred abbots changed the proportions of the two estates which constitute the upper house of parliament.
1850 W. E. Gladstone Remarks Royal Supremacy 10 The concessions of the spiritual estate of the realm.
1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xv. 184 It was not by any means clear, at the end of the reign of Edward I, that they [the smaller land~owners] might not furnish a fourth estate of Parliament.
b. plural. An assembly of the governing classes or their representatives. estates-general (in France): see States General n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > [noun] > estates of the realm
states1399
States General1567
estates1621
placitum1706
1621 Knolles's Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 3) 1326 The Estates of the vnited Prouinces..resolued to make a league with the Turke.
1630 R. Norton tr. W. Camden Hist. Princesse Elizabeth ii. 89 The Estates Campe at Rimenant.
1684 Scanderbeg Redivivus iii. 44 The Estates being Assembled in the Castle of Warsaw.
1827 W. Scott Life Napoleon I. iv. 119 The Estates-general of France met at Versailles on the 5th May, 1789.
1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 359 The emperor could come to no agreement with the Estates.
1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xv. 163 An assembly of Estates is an organised collection, made by representation or otherwise, of the several orders, states or conditions of men who are recognised as possessing political power.
7.
a. the (three) estates of the realm (see 6) has often been misused to denote the three powers whose concurrence is necessary for legislation, viz. the Crown, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons.Perhaps Aylmer (quot. 1559) took the word in sense 8, as he argues that the three forms of government, monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy, are united in the English constitution.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > part of > collectively
states1399
the (three) estates of the realm1559
1559 J. Aylmer Harborowe sig. H3 In the parliament hous..you shal find these .3. estats. The King or Quene, which representeth the Monarche. The noble men, which be the Aristocratie. And the Burgesses and Knights the Democratie.
1648 Duke of Ormonde Articles of Peace 35 The three estates of King, Lords, & Commons, whereof in all ages, Parliaments have consisted.
a1745 J. Swift Lett. (1768) IV. 279 An assembly of the three estates is not properly of Gothick institution.
1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xvii. 119 Not..any one..of the three estates have power to make a new law, without the concurrence of the third.
1819 S. Smith Wks. (1859) I. 282/1 The king, four aristocratical assessors, and the assembly of captains, are the three estates of the Ashantee government.
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 8 June 3/2 Mr. Bryce's accuracy is at fault when he tells us that the Canadian Parliament, ‘like its model in Westminster, is made up of the three estates, the Queen and the two Houses’.
b. the fourth estate: (a) formerly in various jocular applications (see quots.); (b) now appropriated to the Press.We have failed to discover confirmation of Carlyle's statement (quot. 1841) attributing to Burke the use of this phrase in the application now current. A correspondent of Notes & Queries (1st Ser. 11 452) states that he heard Brougham use it in the House of Commons in 1823 or 1824, and that it was at that time treated as original.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > collectively
press gang1832
the fourth estate1837
gazetteerage1865
press1868
meeja1983
1752 H. Fielding Covent-Garden Jrnl. 5 Oct. 1/1 None of our political Writers..take Notice of any more than three Estates, namely, King, Lords, and Commons..passing by in Silence that very large and powerful Body which form the fourth Estate in this Community..The Mob.
1752 H. Fielding Covent-Garden Jrnl. 5 Oct. 2/1 Nor hath this Estate..been unknown to the other three.
1821 W. Hazlitt Table-talk vi. 115 He [Cobbett] is a kind of fourth estate in the politics of this country.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. vi. v. 327 A Fourth Estate, of Able Editors, springs up.
1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes v. 265 Burke said there were Three Estates in Parliament; but, in the Reporters' Gallery..there sat a Fourth Estate more important far than they all.
1854 C. Knight Once upon a Time II. 20 Hackney-chairman..belonged to what Fielding termed ‘The Fourth Estate’. That dignity is now assigned to the Press.
1870 H. L. Bulwer Life Palmerston II. ix. 119 (note) At that period the ‘Times’ constituted a fourth estate of the realm.
1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 647/1 A power which calls itself the Fourth Estate of the realm.
c. the fifth estate: in various applications (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1932 Times Educ. Suppl. 7 May 157/2 Small wonder that radio has been called ‘the fifth estate’.
1955 Times 14 July 8/1 Unions were now the fifth estate of the realm, Mr. Tiffin continued, and when they wanted a shorter week they would go to the employers and tell them to give it to them.
8. Political constitution, form of government. [Compare état 8 in Littré.] Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > [noun]
ordinance?a1400
governance1402
policy?a1439
regimentc1475
frame1529
statea1538
government1553
estate1559
platform1587
polity1590
governail1598
regimen1663
constitution1735
regime1792
system1806
party government1834
1559 [see sense 7a].
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 76 The whole estate of that great empire..was almost vtterly subuerted.
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. ii. xxiii. §6. 578 Alcamenes gouerned Sparta: after whome, the Estate changed, according to Eusebius. [Often in Raleigh.]
1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. v. 190 When God hath decreed servitude on a sinful Nation, fitted by thir own vices for no condition but servile, all Estates of Government are alike unable to avoid it.
9. Administration of government; in phrases, affairs, etc. of estate, Secretary of Estate. Obsolete. Now state n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > [noun]
policyc1390
politicsa1529
civility1537
polity1558
estate1589
policing1589
statism1608
police1698
machine politics1876
1589 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations i. 189 Our Secretarie of estate.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. C2 Such Popes..proceed vpon truer principles of Estate, than those which haue ascended to the Papacie from an education & breeding in affaires of Estate. View more context for this quotation
a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 360 The Cavalier Vieta, his principall Secretary of Estate.
1679 E. Everard Disc. Protestant Princes 26 That which..did happen upon this Error of Estate to the Imperial House of Austria.
10. A body politic, a kingdom or commonwealth; = state n. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun]
commona1382
commontya1382
policya1393
communitya1398
commonweal?a1400
politic1429
commonwealth1445
well public1447
public thinga1450
public weala1470
body politica1475
weal-public1495
statea1500
politic bodyc1537
body1545
public state1546
civil-wealth1547
republic?1549
state1553
polity1555
publica1586
estate1605
corps politic1696
negara1955
negeri1958
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. I2 Then should people and estates be happie, when either Kings were Philosophers, or Philosophers Kings. View more context for this quotation
1750 W. Beawes Lex Mercatoria (1752) 7 The merchants which trafficked in the interior parts of their estates.
11. Law.
a. The interest which any one has in lands, tenements, or any other effects; often with qualifying words or phrases, as an estate upon condition, estate in fee, estate for life, estate of inheritance, estate tail, estate from year to year, estate at will, etc. personal estate n. an interest in movables; but the phrases are often regarded as signifying the respective kinds of property. See real estate n. 1 and also fee n.2, tail n.2, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal concepts > [noun] > interest > in property
statea1400
term1424
estate1439
real estatea1642
chattel-interest1767
1439 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 119 They that haue..estate in my land to the execucion of this my last will.
?1462 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 99 Your seid besecher had non astate in the seid maners.
1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. B iiij §39 An Estate..is that right and power whereby we haue the propertie or possessions of things.
1650 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 226 My brother Butts Bacon, whom I haue intrusted with the estate of the house or cottage in which the said Norton now liveth.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §75 Her estate in the Lighthouse was only for life.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 70 All inferior estates and interests in land are derived out of the fee simple.
1845 A. Polson in Encycl. Metrop. 829/1 An estate from year to year may arise..from that general letting heretofore held to constitute an estate at will.
1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. i. 34 The tenant is conceived as having only an estate in the lands—an interest which..was something short of absolute ownership.
b. to make an estate of (a thing) to (a person): to give an interest in, a legal right or title to. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > [verb (transitive)] > give legal title to
to make an estate of (a thing) to (a person)1415
titlec1425
1415 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 25 I wolle that my feoffes mak estat to..my sone, of Thattely and Farley.
1520 R. Elyot Will in T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. App. A. 314 To make astate in fee to two other discrete persones.
1588 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 256 (note) Whereas I haue made an estatt unto Robert Selbye..of my tenement or burgage.
1621 R. Bolton Statutes Ireland 400 (Act 28 Eliz.) The rebels..did make..secret and fraudulent estates and conveyances of their lands.
1629 Vse of Law 69 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light Where a man maketh an estate of his land to others, by Fine, Feofment, or Recoverie.
12.
a. Property, possessions, fortune, capital. Cf. 2 archaic in general sense.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > a person's collective property or substance
thingOE
chattela1240
cattlec1275
i-wonc1275
moneya1325
tilea1325
statec1330
thrifta1350
substancea1382
chevance1477
graith?a1513
estate1563
wortha1586
thrive1592
fortune1596
store1600
boodle1699
circumstancea1704
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Agst. Wilful Rebell. ii, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 565 Hazarding the whole estate of our Country.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 43 Nor is my whole estate Vpon the fortune of this present yeere. View more context for this quotation
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xxxi. sig. O2v What doe wee, but like foolish Marchants, venture all our estate in a bottome.
1644 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 90 The marchands..have..little or no extent of ground to employ their estates in.
c1665 L. Hutchinson Life in Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1973) 286 The large estate he reapt by his happie industry.
1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. i. iv. §42 'Twould always be a Sin in any Man of Estate, to let his Brother perish.
1699 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ II. iii. xviii. 154 It was frequent for Men of Estates to rigg out Ships at their own Expence.
1730 E. Young Two Epist. to Pope i. 7 One loses his estate, and down he sits, To show (in vain!) he still retains his wits.
1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music viii. 161 The Bards had estates settled on them, that they might be free from worldly Cares.
1847 R. W. Emerson Napoleon in Wks. (1906) I. 381 France served him with life, and limb, and estate.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 308 The greatest estates in the kingdom then very little exceeded twenty thousand a year.
1878 ‘Ouida’ Friendship I. vii. 70 They were very poor and of no great estate.
b. Accounts. The collective assets and liabilities of a person (esp. of a deceased person, a bankrupt, a cestui que trust) viewed as an entity capable of owing or being entitled to money, of being solvent or insolvent. Phrase, to wind up an estate. (By accountants often used in somewhat wider sense: The ‘affairs’ of a client so far as the accountant is concerned with them.)Possibly this sense may be historically connected with 1f, a ‘ledger account’ being spoken of in book-keeping as a creditor or debtor; but evidence is wanting.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > personal income or acquired wealth > collective assets and liabilities
estate1830
input1926
1830 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. (ed. 2) 268 The bankrupt is entitled to a reasonable allowance out of his effects..if his estate pay 10s. in the pound, he is to be allowed 5 per cent.
1891 N.E.D. at Estate Mod. Newspaper It takes 10‰ of the assets of a fifty-pound estate to pay for the Board of Trade stamps.
13.
a. A landed property; usually, one of considerable extent. (Now the commonest sense.) spec. a property on which a crop, as rubber, tea, etc., is cultivated; also, a vineyard. Frequently preceded by a defining word.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > [noun] > estate or plantation
plantation1626
penc1695
walk1697
woodwork1712
estate1772
grass pen1774
fazenda1825
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > a landed property or estate
homeOE
landsc1000
estrec1275
manorc1300
stead1338
room?a1513
soil1575
demesne1584
proprietary1608
land-gooda1626
country estate1692
property1719
quinta1754
estate1772
hacienda1772
concern1787
finca1909
1772 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S. Amer. (ed. 3) I. vi. 311 When the wind blows from that quarter the weather is so sharp, that the rich families..retire to their estates, situated in a warmer air.
1773 Ann. Reg. 1772 177/2 Her Ladyship had 10,000l. left her by her father, and an estate of 7000l. per annum.
1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 755 Estates are landscapes, gazed upon awhile, Then advertised, and auctioneered away.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. i. 4 He..retired to a small estate in Gascony.
1847 G. P. R. James John Marston Hall x He intended to send some one to his estates in Brittany.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 151 The public charges can no longer be borne by the estates of the crown.
1851 C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines (ed. 3) vi. 158 The value of wine estates is very considerable in this department [sc. the Gironde].
1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud i. v, in Maud & Other Poems 3 Lord of the broad estate and the Hall.
1862 C. Tovey Wine & Wine Countries iv. 142 That wine is..possessed of finesse, delicatesse, and bouquet, which are quite peculiar to the estate.
1878 E. Money Cultiv. & Manuf. Tea (ed. 3) i. 2 Making..1,000 acres the outside area..that should ever have been purchased for any one estate.
1878 E. Money Cultiv. & Manuf. Tea (ed. 3) ii. 11 Coolies are well treated on Tea estates.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 480/1 The finest teas are produced at high elevations in Darjeeling and Ceylon..but the quality from individual estates varies much from season to season.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 721/2 The yield of the principal estates of the Médoc are kept distinct and reach the consumer as the products of a particular growth and of a particular year.
1911 H. P. Stevens & C. Beadle Rubber ii. 13 Sometimes the rubber plants are set amongst matured coffee or tea, with the idea of..gradually transforming a tea or coffee estate into a rubber estate.
1916 P. Schidrowitz Rubber (ed. 2) iv. 26 The working expenses of an estate containing say 10,000 to 15,000 trees.
1921 A. L. Simon Wine & Wine Trade vii. 86 All Clarets which have a claim to a more or less high degree of excellence are too proud of their birthright not to go into the world under their own name—the name of the estate or château whence they came.
1965 T. Eden Tea (ed. 2) i. 3 From the progeny of the plants thus raised the first estate was planted in 1891.
1965 T. Eden Tea (ed. 2) i. 3 In 1924 a commercial estate was established near Tukuyu.
1965 T. Eden Tea (ed. 2) vii. 69 The ideal conditions on a tea estate would be to have no bare soil but a moderate growth of weeds.
1968 C. A. Krug & R. A. De Poerck World Coffee Surv. v. 374 The Coffee Board annually collects data from a representative set of estates.
b. = housing estate n. at housing n.1 Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > housing estate
housing scheme1891
housing project1900
housing estate1901
estate1915
council estate1939
scheme1968
1906 W. A. Harvey Model Village 13 Nearly all the old trees and woodland on the Estate have been preserved.
1906 W. A. Harvey Model Village 68 The planning and working out of the Bourneville Estate.]
1915 G. Cadbury Town Planning iv. 68 In laying out estates it is advisable to plan the roads so that they do not form through routes for traffic.
1915 G. Cadbury Town Planning iv. 68 Other road problems are practically confined to estate development.
1923 E. Bowen Encounters 142 Their house was among the first two or three on a new estate.
1939 ‘G. Orwell’ Coming up for Air iv. i. 219 Several acres of bright red rooves all exactly alike. A big Council housing estate, by the look of it.
1958 Times 11 Aug. 2/6 The scene..is a post-war council estate.
1960 C. S. Lewis Stud. in Words i. 13 When I was a boy estate had as its dominant meaning ‘land belonging to a large landowner’, but the meaning ‘land covered with small houses’ is dominant now.
1970 Woman 14 Nov. 76/4 Till my Dad died we lived in a council house, but then we moved into a larger estate house and my mother became very snobbish.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
estate-owner n.
ΚΠ
1937 Discovery May 164/1 Rich estate owners in Brazil, Peru and Nicaragua.
1962 H. R. Loyn Anglo-Saxon Eng. i. 16 Their eponymous Gallo-Roman estate-owners.
C2.
estate agency n.
ΚΠ
1912 Estate Agents, Architects & Surveyors (Pitman's Shorthand) 5 The Estate Agency profession.
estate agent n. one who acts as steward or manager of a landed estate; one who conducts business in the sale of houses and land.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trader > agent or broker > [noun] > estate agent
estate agent1880
realtor1916
society > trade and finance > trader > traders or dealers in specific articles > [noun] > in land and property
housemonger1604
land-jobber1745
estate agent1880
realtor1916
1880 Harper's Mag. Sept. 565Estate agent?’ he next asked.
1884 The ‘Estate Agent’ 3 House and Estate Agents.
1886 S. W. Mitchell Roland Blake xx. 188 It seemed to her natural that an unknown Yankee estate-agent should wish to marry a woman of assured social place.
estate-bottled adj. (of a wine) bottled at the vineyard of its growth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > qualities or characteristics of wine > [adjective] > bottled in specific place
château-bottled1888
estate-bottled1940
London-bottled1959
domaine-bottled1960
1940 H. J. Grossman Guide to Wines, Spirits & Beers Gloss. 378/2 Estate-bottled, wine bottled by the vineyard owner or producer.
1959 Times 21 Sept. 13/2 High prices for estate-bottled wines.
estate car n. a light saloon motor car spec. constructed or adapted to carry both passengers and goods; also elliptical.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > estate car
beach-wagon1869
ranch wagon1879
shooting brake1912
sport utility1925
station wagon1929
carryall1932
sports utility1940
ute1943
utility1944
estate car1950
wagon1955
estate wagon1959
SUV1987
1950 Motor Industry July 118/2 (heading) Latest car price list... Standard... Vanguard saloon..Estate car.
1958 Times 1 July 6/6 The Hillman Minx..has its own estate car version.
1961 Times 5 Oct. 11/4 Enter the swish new Anglia Estate.
1966 Guardian 19 Oct. 9/3 Both the saloon and the estate carry 5 in comfort.
estate duty n. a graduated charge levied by the State on real or personal property at the death of the owner.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > types of tax > [noun] > estate or inheritance taxes
finec1436
legacy duty1786
probate duty1804
inheritance tax (or taxation)1841
death tax1850
death duty1852
succession duty1853
succession tax1859
testate duty1880
estate duty1889
capital transfer tax1928
1889 Act 52 Vict. c. 7 §5 Estate Duty on personal property passing by will or on intestacy.
1894 Act 57 & 58 Vict. c. 30 § 1 There shall be levied..upon the principal value..of all property real or personal..which passes on the death of such person a duty called ‘estate duty’ at the graduated rates hereinafter mentioned.
1896 Act 59 & 60 Vict. c. 28 §16 The estate duty payable in respect of any annuity.
estate management n. the art of administering an estate (sense 13a or 13b).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > delegated authority > action or function of a delegate or deputy > [noun] > management on behalf of another or stewardship > specifically of an estate
land-agency1831
estate management1915
1915 G. Cadbury Town Planning v. 89 Town Planning is..estate management on a large scale.
1921 in Jeffery & Neville House Property 92 The London University now grants a Degree in Estate Management.
1937 Discovery Sept. 268/1 Industrial management needs sound traditions just as much as estate management or the professions.
1962 H. R. Loyn Anglo-Saxon Eng. iv. 146 A little treatise on eleventh-century estate management.
estate-manager n.
ΚΠ
1962 H. R. Loyn Anglo-Saxon Eng. ix. 370 Estate-managers to look after the lands of the church.
estate wagon n. = estate car n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > estate car
beach-wagon1869
ranch wagon1879
shooting brake1912
sport utility1925
station wagon1929
carryall1932
sports utility1940
ute1943
utility1944
estate car1950
wagon1955
estate wagon1959
SUV1987
1959 M. Steen Tower i. vii. 91 There was an estate wagon and a couple of big private cars.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

estatev.

Brit. /ᵻˈsteɪt/, /ɛˈsteɪt/, U.S. /əˈsteɪt/, /ɛˈsteɪt/
Etymology: < estate n.
1. transitive. To put (a person) into an estate; to give (a person) an estate or possession, or a secured position, in (a thing); to endow with (possessions). Rare in modern use.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > transfer of property > settlement of property > settle (property) [verb (transitive)] > endow
worthOE
goodOE
dow1297
allowc1400
rentc1400
endowc1440
enduec1440
seizec1450
empossessc1500
revestc1500
indot1520
endote1528
dotatec1540
estate1609
instate1614
portion1663
vest1748
fortune1838
1609 G. Benson Serm. 7 May 26 Salomons outlandish women..so much estated themselves in the bosom of the king, that they drew him and his people to idolatry.
1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. L3v Estate him In those possessions, which your loue and care Once pointed out for him.
1639 J. Mayne Citye Match v. v I have estated her in all I have.
1670 I. Walton Life J. Donne 22 in Lives [I] will quit my Benefice, and estate you in it.
1823 C. Lamb in London Mag. Oct. 402/2 In what possessions has not this last name alone estated me!
1859 Ld. Tennyson Lancelot & Elaine 1312 in Idylls of King Then would I..Estate them with large land and territory.
1887 Sat. Rev. 24 Sept. 413 His country seat at Wootton, wherein Mr. Zabriskie has surely estated Rousseau somewhat at the cost of one Mr. Davenport.
2. To furnish with an estate or property. literal and figurative. Obsolete. See also estated adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessor > [verb (transitive)] > install or establish as proprietor
settle1617
estatea1631
impropriate1661
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1953) VI. 358 We are..in the Resurrection estated and put in possession of his Kingdom.
a1640 J. Fletcher et al. Faire Maide of Inne iii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Fffffff/2 This puppy, being left well estated, comes to Florence.
1646 G. Buck Hist. Life Richard III ii. 55 Cruell Lords estated onely by their unjust Armes.
1647 Bp. J. Hall Christ Mysticall 7 Our faith..must shew us..how royally we are allied, how gloriously estated.
3. To bestow or settle as an estate on or upon (also rarely unto) a person. Also, to estate out: to let out. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > transfer of property > settlement of property > settle (property) [verb (transitive)] > settle property on
to make a statec1400
sure1418
establishc1460
infeft1462
vest1464
invest1534
estate1600
entitle1608
secure1615
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 98 And all my right of her I doe estate vnto Demetrius. View more context for this quotation
1652 P. Heylyn Cosmographie iii. sig. Vvv3v The whole Land being also his, he estates it out for no term certain.
1652 P. Heylyn Cosmographie i. sig. Ii6 It [sc. Saxony] was finally estated by the Emperour Sigismund on Frederick Landgrave of Turingia.
a1669 Bp. H. King Poems (1843) iii. xv. 109 Till he estate his vertue on his son.
4. To put into a certain state or condition. Sometimes with allusion to sense 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring (a person or thing) into a state or condition
set971
haveOE
wendOE
to bring onc1230
teemc1275
putc1330
run1391
casta1400
laya1400
stead1488
constitute1490
render1490
takea1530
introduce1532
deduce1545
throw?1548
derive?c1550
turn1577
to work up1591
estate1605
arrive1607
state1607
enduea1616
assert1638
sublime1654
to run up1657
1605 T. Heywood If you know not Me sig. F4v Conuert her foes, estate her in true peace.
a1626 L. Andrewes Serm. (1641) 389 Hee liveth..to estate us in this life in the hope of a reversion.
1640 T. Fuller Joseph's Coat 60 By faith and repentance wee are first estated in Gods favour.
1701 T. Beverley Praise of Glory 16 It cannot be suppos'd such High Angelical Beings..should be so Estated in him and by him, under an Ignorance of him.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?c1225v.1600
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