eremiten.

/ˈɛrɪmʌɪt/

Forms: Middle English æremite, Middle English–1600s heremite, heremyte, Middle English herimyte, Middle English– eremite, 1600s eremit.

Etymology: < late Latin erēmīta (medieval Latin herēmīta , < ecclesistical Greek ἐρημίτης , < ἐρημία a desert, < ἐρῆμος uninhabited. In Old French the regular phonetic descendant of late Latin (h)erēmīta was (h)ermite with loss of the middle syllable (see hermit n.); but the Latin word was also adapted in Old French as (h)eremite , and this was taken into Middle English Originally h)eremite and h)ermit(e , hermit n., were employed indiscriminately; but from about the middle of the 17th cent. they have been differentiated in use, hermit being the ordinary and popular word, while eremite (always spelt without the unetymological h) is used either poetically or rhetorically, or with special reference to its primitive use in Greek.

a. One who has retired into solitude from religious motives; a recluse, hermit.Said esp. of the Christian solitaries from the 3rd cent. onwards, as distinguished from the cœnobites, who, though withdrawn from the world, lived as members of a community.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [noun]

anchorOE

eremitec1200

recluse?c1225

hermitc1275

solitary1435

anchoritea1450

inclusec1460

anchorist1581

cremitt1624

mandrite1844

saint1888

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 85 Seint iohan baptist þe on his childhode bicom eremite.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9384 Þene æremite [c1300 Otho heremite] he isæh cume.

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter ci. 7 Heremytis..þat flees þe felaghshipe of men.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 87 Paule þe firste heremyte.

1486 Bk. St. Albans F. vij a An Obseruans of herimytis.

1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland sig. Aiv^v, in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II A satyre in the wildernesse did talke with Antonie the heremite.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 474 Embryo's and Idiots, Eremits and Friers.

1764 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. iii. §15 The Eremites..seem to have deserved no other reproach than that of a delirious and extravagant fanaticism.

1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. iv. 5 His native land..seem'd to him more lone than Eremite's sad cell.

1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist viii. 508 The law of the eremite and the cœnobite corresponds with the transitory dispensation of John.

b. transferred. (By Milton used with allusion to the lit. sense ‘desert-dweller’.)

ΚΠ

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd i. 8 Thou Spirit who ledst this glorious Eremite Into the Desert.

1832 E. Bulwer-Lytton Eugene Aram I. i. x. 158 The twilight Eremites of books and closets.

1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 69 The little eremite Flies gaily forth and sings in sight.

2. In the formal designation of certain monastic orders: e.g. Eremites (Hermits) of St. Augustine, a branch of the Augustinian Friars.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > [noun] > monastic rule > order observing particular rule > member of particular order

religionc1325

possessioner1395

regular1443

possessionarya1533

eremite1587

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 926/1 At Padua in the church of the heremites of saint Augustine.

1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. B^v The mother begun to have almost a perpetuall conversation among those immur'd heremites of Saint Hermogora.

1773 J. Noorthouck New Hist. London 600 The founder of the eremites of St. Anthony.

3. A (? quasi-religious) mendicant, a vagabond (see hermit n.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar

beggara1250

bidder1362

mendinantc1395

mendivaunt1395

craver1406

thigger1424

gangrela1450

mendicant1474

mendiant1483

eremite1495

Lazarus?a1513

truandals1523

bellyterc1540

clapperdudgeon1567

beggar-man1608

maunder1609

maunderer1611

Abraham cove1612

eleemosynary1643

mumpera1652

jockey1685

progger1685

asker1708

thigster1710

prog1828

shooler1830

cadger1851

panhandler1893

Weary Willie1896

schlepper1901

plinger1904

peg-legger1915

tapper1930

clochard1940

1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 2 §3 Every vagabounde heremyte or begger able to labre.

4. attributive.

ΚΠ

a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) i. v. 17 Let us try To win that old Eremit thing.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. v. 131 Like a grey palmer, or eremite preacher.

1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present iii. xv. 312 Eremite fanaticisms and fakeerisms.

1861 J. G. Sheppard Fall of Rome xi. 587 The eremite and monastic theory of the Christian life which was then almost universally held.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	eremite
释义	eremiten. /ˈɛrɪmʌɪt/ Forms: Middle English æremite, Middle English–1600s heremite, heremyte, Middle English herimyte, Middle English– eremite, 1600s eremit. Etymology: < late Latin erēmīta (medieval Latin herēmīta , < ecclesistical Greek ἐρημίτης , < ἐρημία a desert, < ἐρῆμος uninhabited. In Old French the regular phonetic descendant of late Latin (h)erēmīta was (h)ermite with loss of the middle syllable (see hermit n.); but the Latin word was also adapted in Old French as (h)eremite , and this was taken into Middle English Originally h)eremite and h)ermit(e , hermit n., were employed indiscriminately; but from about the middle of the 17th cent. they have been differentiated in use, hermit being the ordinary and popular word, while eremite (always spelt without the unetymological h) is used either poetically or rhetorically, or with special reference to its primitive use in Greek. 1. a. One who has retired into solitude from religious motives; a recluse, hermit.Said esp. of the Christian solitaries from the 3rd cent. onwards, as distinguished from the cœnobites, who, though withdrawn from the world, lived as members of a community. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > anchorite > [noun] anchorOE eremitec1200 recluse?c1225 hermitc1275 solitary1435 anchoritea1450 inclusec1460 anchorist1581 cremitt1624 mandrite1844 saint1888 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 85 Seint iohan baptist þe on his childhode bicom eremite. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9384 Þene æremite [c1300 Otho heremite] he isæh cume. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter ci. 7 Heremytis..þat flees þe felaghshipe of men. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 87 Paule þe firste heremyte. 1486 Bk. St. Albans F. vij a An Obseruans of herimytis. 1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland sig. Aiv^v, in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II A satyre in the wildernesse did talke with Antonie the heremite. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 474 Embryo's and Idiots, Eremits and Friers. View more context for this quotation 1764 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. iii. §15 The Eremites..seem to have deserved no other reproach than that of a delirious and extravagant fanaticism. 1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. iv. 5 His native land..seem'd to him more lone than Eremite's sad cell. 1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist viii. 508 The law of the eremite and the cœnobite corresponds with the transitory dispensation of John. b. transferred. (By Milton used with allusion to the lit. sense ‘desert-dweller’.) ΚΠ 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd i. 8 Thou Spirit who ledst this glorious Eremite Into the Desert. View more context for this quotation 1832 E. Bulwer-Lytton Eugene Aram I. i. x. 158 The twilight Eremites of books and closets. 1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 69 The little eremite Flies gaily forth and sings in sight. 2. In the formal designation of certain monastic orders: e.g. Eremites (Hermits) of St. Augustine, a branch of the Augustinian Friars. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > [noun] > monastic rule > order observing particular rule > member of particular order religionc1325 possessioner1395 regular1443 possessionarya1533 eremite1587 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 926/1 At Padua in the church of the heremites of saint Augustine. 1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. B^v The mother begun to have almost a perpetuall conversation among those immur'd heremites of Saint Hermogora. 1773 J. Noorthouck New Hist. London 600 The founder of the eremites of St. Anthony. 3. A (? quasi-religious) mendicant, a vagabond (see hermit n.). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar beggara1250 bidder1362 mendinantc1395 mendivaunt1395 craver1406 thigger1424 gangrela1450 mendicant1474 mendiant1483 eremite1495 Lazarus?a1513 truandals1523 bellyterc1540 clapperdudgeon1567 beggar-man1608 maunder1609 maunderer1611 Abraham cove1612 eleemosynary1643 mumpera1652 jockey1685 progger1685 asker1708 thigster1710 prog1828 shooler1830 cadger1851 panhandler1893 Weary Willie1896 schlepper1901 plinger1904 peg-legger1915 tapper1930 clochard1940 1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 2 §3 Every vagabounde heremyte or begger able to labre. 4. attributive. ΚΠ a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) i. v. 17 Let us try To win that old Eremit thing. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. v. 131 Like a grey palmer, or eremite preacher. 1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present iii. xv. 312 Eremite fanaticisms and fakeerisms. 1861 J. G. Sheppard Fall of Rome xi. 587 The eremite and monastic theory of the Christian life which was then almost universally held. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.c1200
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