anconj.n.

Brit.

/an/,

/ən/,

/n/, U.S.

/æn/,

/ən/,

/n/

Forms: Middle English– an, 1600s– an'.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: and conj.¹

Etymology: Variant of and conj.¹ with loss of final d (compare pronunciations listed at and conj.¹, and compare also 'n' conj.²). With use as noun compare earlier and n.¹ 1.An apparently isolated earlier (Old English) example of an for and is probably no more than a scribal error of haplography (it occurs in a continental manuscript, written by a scribe whose native language was Old High German):eOE Leiden Gloss. (1906) 8/1 Ultro citro, hidirandidir. Old English had occasional on (shortened < ond , variant of and conj.¹); compare:eOE Bede Glosses (Tiber. C.ii) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1917) 136 292 Recente memoria calamitates [read calamitatis] et cladis : neowre gemynde earfeðnisse on waele.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 855 On [OE Tiber. B.i ond] þa fengon Ęþelwulfes suna twegen to rice. Although there is no reason to doubt currency of unstressed pronunciations of the word in any period (compare E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §4 for evidence for the early modern period), the written form an is very rare in sense A. 1 in printed sources except in representing regional or nonstandard use (where it is usually spelt an' ). In sense A. 2 the form appears occasionally in the dramatists in the early modern period, especially before it , as an' 't please you , an' 't were , etc. Modern writers and editors have frequently elaborated on this practice, making a conventional distinction between the two forms. For instance, except in an' 't , an is found only once in the First Folio (in quot. 1598² at sense A. 2), and being the usual spelling in the conditional use, but later editors of Shakespeare's works have frequently changed the spelling of the word when it occurs in this sense to an . An if (see and conj.¹ 13b) survived chiefly in south-western regional English as nif (see nif conj.²).

A. conj.

1. Now usually in form an'. = and conj.¹ I. (coordinating). Now regional and nonstandard.

ΚΠ

?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1135 Þa þestrede þe dæi ouer al landes, & uuard þe sunne suilc als it uuare thre niht ald mone, an sterres abuten him at middæi.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 362 Him for to hoslon, an for to shriue.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 647 Of Noe..an is ðre sunen.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington) xxiii. 72 Conscience þat keper was an gyour Ouer kynde cristyne.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor 140 An whi not thanne Crist schulde allowe and approue men forto haue and vse a grauen ymage of the Emperour in heuene?

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 15 Charitable pacience of þe martir, an vnriȝtwisnes of þe persewar.

1537 R. Layton Let. in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 77 Scribullede this Satterday, an written with the hasty hand of your assurede servant.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 38 Be sent from your seluon..An aioynet to þis Iorney.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 39 Up an down in euery corner.

1696 Inventory 22 May in D. P. Dymond & A. Betterton Lavenham: 700 Years of Textile Making (1982) 88 Tow shelves an A poot bord.

1786 R. Burns Halloween ii, in Poems 102 To burn their nits, an' pou their stocks, An' haud their Halloween.

1859 Ld. Tennyson North. Farmer 2 Doctor's abean an' agoan.

1882 M. R. Banks Bright Days in Old Plantation Time ii. 30 De do' was shet, an' dey wouldn' let her in.

1888 N.Y. Herald 1 Apr. 9/6 Another young man called for ‘ham an':’ this meant ham and beans. ‘Beef an'’ meant corned beef and beans.

1945 D. Bolster Roll on my Twelve 24 They jumped or dived in an' 'ung onto 'er.

1966 ‘J. Hackston’ Father clears Out 50 Me an' me mate's eyes was dancin' out of our 'eads.

1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) ii. 58 Jesus, Mary an' Holy St. Joseph, look at this house—you an' Pat an' Angela and her clatther of Americans.

2003 A. Sayle Overtaken 138 An' you don't have to worry about the drugs—I've stopped doing that.

2. Now usually in form an. = and conj.¹ II. (conditional). Formerly also in † an if, † if an (obsolete). Now archaic, literary, and regional (Scottish and English regional (chiefly northern)).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > if, in case, or lest [conjunction]

ifc825

lestc1000

waldOE

anda1225

lest whena1300

in case1357

anc1400

lest thatc1400

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. l. 132 And myȝte kisse þe kynge for cosyn, an she wolde.

1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth viii. sig. D.iii^v An nede shall compell a man to slepe.

a1593 C. Marlowe Jew of Malta (1633) ii. ii I must have one that's sickly, An't be but for sparing victuals.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 576 There ant shall please you.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 232 Nay then two treyes, an if you grow so nice.

1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre ii. v. 27 in Wks. II Rip off my hose, an' you be men.

a1698 F. Sheppard Cal. Reform'd in Duke of Buckingham et al. Misc. Wks. (1704) 221 This over-grown Beast here, an't please your Highness,..calls my Valour in Question.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. xi. ii. 109 If an she be a Rebel.

1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iii. iv An' we've any luck.

1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 325 What signifies the life o' man, An' 'twere na for the lasses, O.

1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel Pref. p. vii But an if this will not do.

1821 W. Combe Third Tour Dr. Syntax xxxiv. 35 An' please your Rev'rence, here we are.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 75 An if he live, we will have him of our band.

1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 18 But an it please thee not.

1901 E. Step Shell Life iii. 40 The reader whose interest..extends only to external forms and coverings may, an it please him.., skip this chapter.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 3/1 An ye see ooer John ye mun tell him.

1972 F. Mowat Whale for Killing x. 123 Some fellers been shooting at it. It could get hurted, Skipper, an' they keeps it up.

B. n.

= and n.¹ 1. Chiefly in plural in ifs and ans.

ΚΠ

?1697 in William & Mary Q. (1939) 19 350 If he promises any favour..it is with so many ifs and ans that he seldom fails of finding a backdoor, to evade all his promises.

1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. x. 149 ‘If a poor man's prayer can bring God's curse down.’.. ‘If ifs and ans were pots and pans.’

1891 Internat. Jrnl. Ethics 1 193 Those who reduce moral theory to a lot of ifs and ans.

1904 Amer. Hist. Rev. 10 167 A second conclusion garnished with ‘ifs and ans’.

1977 Econ. Jrnl. 87 360 Such assessments must necessarily be qualified by a multitude of ifs and ans.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	an
释义	anconj.n. Brit. /an/, /ən/, /n/, U.S. /æn/, /ən/, /n/ Forms: Middle English– an, 1600s– an'. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: and conj.¹ Etymology: Variant of and conj.¹ with loss of final d (compare pronunciations listed at and conj.¹, and compare also 'n' conj.²). With use as noun compare earlier and n.¹ 1.An apparently isolated earlier (Old English) example of an for and is probably no more than a scribal error of haplography (it occurs in a continental manuscript, written by a scribe whose native language was Old High German):eOE Leiden Gloss. (1906) 8/1 Ultro citro, hidirandidir. Old English had occasional on (shortened < ond , variant of and conj.¹); compare:eOE Bede Glosses (Tiber. C.ii) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1917) 136 292 Recente memoria calamitates [read calamitatis] et cladis : neowre gemynde earfeðnisse on waele.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 855 On [OE Tiber. B.i ond] þa fengon Ęþelwulfes suna twegen to rice. Although there is no reason to doubt currency of unstressed pronunciations of the word in any period (compare E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §4 for evidence for the early modern period), the written form an is very rare in sense A. 1 in printed sources except in representing regional or nonstandard use (where it is usually spelt an' ). In sense A. 2 the form appears occasionally in the dramatists in the early modern period, especially before it , as an' 't please you , an' 't were , etc. Modern writers and editors have frequently elaborated on this practice, making a conventional distinction between the two forms. For instance, except in an' 't , an is found only once in the First Folio (in quot. 1598² at sense A. 2), and being the usual spelling in the conditional use, but later editors of Shakespeare's works have frequently changed the spelling of the word when it occurs in this sense to an . An if (see and conj.¹ 13b) survived chiefly in south-western regional English as nif (see nif conj.²). A. conj. 1. Now usually in form an'. = and conj.¹ I. (coordinating). Now regional and nonstandard. ΚΠ ?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1135 Þa þestrede þe dæi ouer al landes, & uuard þe sunne suilc als it uuare thre niht ald mone, an sterres abuten him at middæi. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 362 Him for to hoslon, an for to shriue. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 647 Of Noe..an is ðre sunen. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington) xxiii. 72 Conscience þat keper was an gyour Ouer kynde cristyne. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor 140 An whi not thanne Crist schulde allowe and approue men forto haue and vse a grauen ymage of the Emperour in heuene? c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 15 Charitable pacience of þe martir, an vnriȝtwisnes of þe persewar. 1537 R. Layton Let. in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 77 Scribullede this Satterday, an written with the hasty hand of your assurede servant. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 38 Be sent from your seluon..An aioynet to þis Iorney. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 39 Up an down in euery corner. 1696 Inventory 22 May in D. P. Dymond & A. Betterton Lavenham: 700 Years of Textile Making (1982) 88 Tow shelves an A poot bord. 1786 R. Burns Halloween ii, in Poems 102 To burn their nits, an' pou their stocks, An' haud their Halloween. 1859 Ld. Tennyson North. Farmer 2 Doctor's abean an' agoan. 1882 M. R. Banks Bright Days in Old Plantation Time ii. 30 De do' was shet, an' dey wouldn' let her in. 1888 N.Y. Herald 1 Apr. 9/6 Another young man called for ‘ham an':’ this meant ham and beans. ‘Beef an'’ meant corned beef and beans. 1945 D. Bolster Roll on my Twelve 24 They jumped or dived in an' 'ung onto 'er. 1966 ‘J. Hackston’ Father clears Out 50 Me an' me mate's eyes was dancin' out of our 'eads. 1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) ii. 58 Jesus, Mary an' Holy St. Joseph, look at this house—you an' Pat an' Angela and her clatther of Americans. 2003 A. Sayle Overtaken 138 An' you don't have to worry about the drugs—I've stopped doing that. 2. Now usually in form an. = and conj.¹ II. (conditional). Formerly also in † an if, † if an (obsolete). Now archaic, literary, and regional (Scottish and English regional (chiefly northern)). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > if, in case, or lest [conjunction] ifc825 lestc1000 waldOE anda1225 lest whena1300 in case1357 anc1400 lest thatc1400 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. l. 132 And myȝte kisse þe kynge for cosyn, an she wolde. 1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth viii. sig. D.iii^v An nede shall compell a man to slepe. a1593 C. Marlowe Jew of Malta (1633) ii. ii I must have one that's sickly, An't be but for sparing victuals. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 576 There ant shall please you. View more context for this quotation 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 232 Nay then two treyes, an if you grow so nice. View more context for this quotation 1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre ii. v. 27 in Wks. II Rip off my hose, an' you be men. a1698 F. Sheppard Cal. Reform'd in Duke of Buckingham et al. Misc. Wks. (1704) 221 This over-grown Beast here, an't please your Highness,..calls my Valour in Question. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. xi. ii. 109 If an she be a Rebel. View more context for this quotation 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iii. iv An' we've any luck. 1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 325 What signifies the life o' man, An' 'twere na for the lasses, O. 1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel Pref. p. vii But an if this will not do. 1821 W. Combe Third Tour Dr. Syntax xxxiv. 35 An' please your Rev'rence, here we are. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 75 An if he live, we will have him of our band. 1872 Ld. Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 18 But an it please thee not. 1901 E. Step Shell Life iii. 40 The reader whose interest..extends only to external forms and coverings may, an it please him.., skip this chapter. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 3/1 An ye see ooer John ye mun tell him. 1972 F. Mowat Whale for Killing x. 123 Some fellers been shooting at it. It could get hurted, Skipper, an' they keeps it up. B. n. = and n.¹ 1. Chiefly in plural in ifs and ans. ΚΠ ?1697 in William & Mary Q. (1939) 19 350 If he promises any favour..it is with so many ifs and ans that he seldom fails of finding a backdoor, to evade all his promises. 1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. x. 149 ‘If a poor man's prayer can bring God's curse down.’.. ‘If ifs and ans were pots and pans.’ 1891 Internat. Jrnl. Ethics 1 193 Those who reduce moral theory to a lot of ifs and ans. 1904 Amer. Hist. Rev. 10 167 A second conclusion garnished with ‘ifs and ans’. 1977 Econ. Jrnl. 87 360 Such assessments must necessarily be qualified by a multitude of ifs and ans. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). > see also also refers to : an-prefix¹ also refers to : an-prefix² also refers to : -ansuffix > as lemmas AN AN n. autograph note. ΚΠ 1915 Catal. Literary Treasures Libr. Gen. Brayton Ives No. 788 Monroe (James). A. N. third person, 1p. 12mo, undated. 1963 J. F. Hopkins Papers of Henry Clay IV. 22 AN. MHi-Adams Papers. Addressed: ‘The Honble J. Q. Adams. Present’. 1990 J. J. Benson New Crit. Approaches to Short Stories of E. Hemingway 469 (note) Ms 716 is an autograph note (AN), JFK. 2006 S. K. Gragert & M. J. Johansson Papers Will Rogers IV. 59 (table) AN Autograph note. extracted from An. < conj.n.?a1160 see also as lemmas
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anconj.n.

> see also

> as lemmas