amylinn.
1. Chem. The water-insoluble fraction of starch, which forms the outer layer of starch granules (cf. amidin n. 1); amylopectin. Now rare.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [noun] > starch > constituents of
amidin1833
amylin1838
granulose1875
farinose1882
amylopectin1905
1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies v. 652 The vesicular portion of the grain, which is insoluble in water, may be distinguished by the name of amylin. [Note] I have..been obliged to employ a new term and I have adopted amylin, from the Greek word αμυλον starch, as sufficiently appropriate.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 420/2 Reserve cells or thesocytes have been described in several sponges as well as amylin and oil-bearing cells.
1924 T. B. Robertson Princ. Biochem. (ed. 2) iv. 94 Thus we have Amylin, Lavosin, Cerosin and Secalin, etc., found in grain-seeds, some of which yield glucose on hydrolysis, others fructose.
2. Physiol. A peptide hormone, found as amyloid deposits in the pancreas in certain types of diabetes, which is thought to decrease the rate of glycogen synthesis in mammalian skeletal muscles.
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the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > hormone > [noun] > other hormones
thyro-iodine1896
parathormone1925
parathyroid hormone1925
oestrin1926
oestrogen1927
relaxin1930
theelin1930
prolan1931
galactin1932
inhibin1932
prolactin1932
oestriol1933
oestrone1933
oestradiol1934
adrenocorticotrophin1943
pancreozymin1943
ADH1945
adrenocorticotropin1945
cortisone1949
mineralocorticoid1950
electrocortin1953
aldosterone1954
angiotensin1958
melatonin1958
calcitonin1961
zeranol1971
amylin1988
adiponectin1999
adipokine2001
1988 Leighton & Cooper in Nature 13 Oct. 632/2 Amylin is a 37-amino-acid peptide which is a major component of islet amyloid and has structural similarity to human calcitonin gene-related peptide-2.
1989 Nature 16 Mar. 211/1 Leighton and Cooper recently reported a potential physiological function of a newly discovered pancreatic β-cell hormone which they refer to as ‘amylin’.
1990 Sci. News 20 Oct. 251/2 To elicit the insulin-blocking effect,..investigators have had to use ‘industrial’ concentrations of amylin—about 1,000 times higher than the tiny amounts..normally circulating in rat or human blood.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1997; most recently modified version published online November 2010).
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