epicardiumn.

Brit.

/ˌɛpᵻˈkɑːdɪəm/, U.S.

/ˌɛpəˈkɑrdiəm/

Inflections: Plural epicardia.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: epi- prefix, -cardium comb. form.

Etymology: < epi- prefix + -cardium comb. form. In sense 1 after German Epicardium (1841 or earlier; now usually Epikardium ); compare French épicarde (1858 or earlier in this sense), and earlier pericardium n. In sense 2 after French épicarde (1886 in this sense: E. van Beneden & C. Julin Recherches sur la morphologie des tuniciers 64, the source referred to in quot. 1886).

1. Anatomy. The serous membrane that covers the outer surface of the heart. Cf. endocardium n., pericardium n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > heart > [noun] > membranes of

coffer of the heart1398

pericardium?a1425

precordium?1541

closet of the heart1594

hulla1600

heart-purse1615

heart-bag1668

heart sac1828

epicardium1860

endocardium1872

1860 C. Murchison tr. F. T. Frerichs Clin. Treat. Dis. Liver I. v. 206 The heart was of normal size, and there were numerous ecchymoses beneath the epicardium [Ger. unter dem Epicardio].

1894 D. J. Cunningham Man. Pract. Anat. II. i. 35 The investing part [of the pericardium] which covers the heart is called the visceral part or the epicardium.

1914 Arch. Internal Med. 13 966 The epicardium and adjoining fat and muscle of the wall of the left auricle present cellular infiltration.

1986 J. F. Gracey Meat Hygiene (ed. 8) xvi. 386/1 The cysts..are found in the heart, mainly under the epicardium, beneath the pleural covering of the diaphragm and in the skeletal muscles.

2012 R. Daniels & L. Nicoll Contemp. Med.-Surg. Nursing (ed. 2) I. xxvi. 693/1 Epicardial pacing is accomplished by attaching electrodes to the patient's epicardium during open-heart surgery.

2. Zoology. In certain ascidians: a closed tubular structure (diverticulum) extending posteriorly from the pharynx (now thought to be primarily excretory in function, but also involved in budding in certain species).Some species of ascidian have a single epicardium, others a pair.

ΚΠ

1886 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 18 418 These anatomical arrangements show that we have here to do with the organ which MM. Van Beneden and Julin have called the epicardium, an organ which is a dependency of the branchial sac.

1893 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 35 125 The perivisceral cavity of Ciona corresponds to the epicardium of Clavellina.

1914 E. W. MacBride Text-bk. Embryol. I. xvii. 626 The conjoined inner walls of the epicardia form a kind of visceral peritoneum, enwrapping heart, pericardium, and intestine.

1940 G. S. Carter Gen. Zool. Invertebr. vii. 147 In the dedifferentiation of Perophora the organs disappear at different rates—the atrium and the pharynx early, and the heart, the epicardium and intestine much later.

2008 P. Kott in P. Hutchings et al. Great Barrier Reef xxvii. 318/2 Most species have special excretory cells derived from the epicardium.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	epicardium
释义	epicardiumn. Brit. /ˌɛpᵻˈkɑːdɪəm/, U.S. /ˌɛpəˈkɑrdiəm/ Inflections: Plural epicardia. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: epi- prefix, -cardium comb. form. Etymology: < epi- prefix + -cardium comb. form. In sense 1 after German Epicardium (1841 or earlier; now usually Epikardium ); compare French épicarde (1858 or earlier in this sense), and earlier pericardium n. In sense 2 after French épicarde (1886 in this sense: E. van Beneden & C. Julin Recherches sur la morphologie des tuniciers 64, the source referred to in quot. 1886). 1. Anatomy. The serous membrane that covers the outer surface of the heart. Cf. endocardium n., pericardium n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > heart > [noun] > membranes of coffer of the heart1398 pericardium?a1425 precordium?1541 closet of the heart1594 hulla1600 heart-purse1615 heart-bag1668 heart sac1828 epicardium1860 endocardium1872 1860 C. Murchison tr. F. T. Frerichs Clin. Treat. Dis. Liver I. v. 206 The heart was of normal size, and there were numerous ecchymoses beneath the epicardium [Ger. unter dem Epicardio]. 1894 D. J. Cunningham Man. Pract. Anat. II. i. 35 The investing part [of the pericardium] which covers the heart is called the visceral part or the epicardium. 1914 Arch. Internal Med. 13 966 The epicardium and adjoining fat and muscle of the wall of the left auricle present cellular infiltration. 1986 J. F. Gracey Meat Hygiene (ed. 8) xvi. 386/1 The cysts..are found in the heart, mainly under the epicardium, beneath the pleural covering of the diaphragm and in the skeletal muscles. 2012 R. Daniels & L. Nicoll Contemp. Med.-Surg. Nursing (ed. 2) I. xxvi. 693/1 Epicardial pacing is accomplished by attaching electrodes to the patient's epicardium during open-heart surgery. 2. Zoology. In certain ascidians: a closed tubular structure (diverticulum) extending posteriorly from the pharynx (now thought to be primarily excretory in function, but also involved in budding in certain species).Some species of ascidian have a single epicardium, others a pair. ΚΠ 1886 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 18 418 These anatomical arrangements show that we have here to do with the organ which MM. Van Beneden and Julin have called the epicardium, an organ which is a dependency of the branchial sac. 1893 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 35 125 The perivisceral cavity of Ciona corresponds to the epicardium of Clavellina. 1914 E. W. MacBride Text-bk. Embryol. I. xvii. 626 The conjoined inner walls of the epicardia form a kind of visceral peritoneum, enwrapping heart, pericardium, and intestine. 1940 G. S. Carter Gen. Zool. Invertebr. vii. 147 In the dedifferentiation of Perophora the organs disappear at different rates—the atrium and the pharynx early, and the heart, the epicardium and intestine much later. 2008 P. Kott in P. Hutchings et al. Great Barrier Reef xxvii. 318/2 Most species have special excretory cells derived from the epicardium. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1860
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